CN109359550A - Manchu document seal extraction and removal method based on deep learning technology - Google Patents

Manchu document seal extraction and removal method based on deep learning technology Download PDF

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CN109359550A
CN109359550A CN201811100870.0A CN201811100870A CN109359550A CN 109359550 A CN109359550 A CN 109359550A CN 201811100870 A CN201811100870 A CN 201811100870A CN 109359550 A CN109359550 A CN 109359550A
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seal
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manchu
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贺建军
卢海涛
郑蕊蕊
刘文鹏
周建云
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Dalian Minzu University
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Abstract

A kind of language of the Manchus document seal Abstraction and minimizing technology based on depth learning technology belongs to ethnic group's document image detection identification field.Technical essential is as follows: pre-processing to language of the Manchus file and picture;Training generates network with the confrontation for extracting seal is saved;Training generates network with the confrontation for saving removal seal.Beneficial effect is: the language of the Manchus document seal Abstraction of the present invention based on depth learning technology and minimizing technology can extract seal region on language of the Manchus document to the maximum extent, thus the word under removing seal;Seal can also be removed, to restore the language of the Manchus word segment under seal to the maximum extent.

Description

Language of the Manchus document seal Abstraction and minimizing technology based on deep learning technology
Technical field
The invention belongs to ethnic group document image detection identification fields more particularly to a kind of based on deep learning technology Language of the Manchus document seal Abstraction and minimizing technology.
Background technique
Most of archives in Manchu is all single part, only existing copy or dilute, if for a long time, high-frequency use will necessarily be to archives Original part causes centainly to damage, in order to enable precious archives in Manchu persistence to go down, to the electronization of language of the Manchus ancient books archives It is a kind of trend, i.e. archives in Manchu can be preserved in a manner of image, therefore to the research of archives in Manchu image and be utilized urgent In the eyebrows and eyelashes.In language of the Manchus research process, because understanding that the talent of the language of the Manchus is deficient, the research to the language of the Manchus is caused to stagnate mostly, because This continues to study language of the Manchus document using the method that computer is combined with deep learning, is conducive to enhance the exploitation to archives in Manchu With utilization.Seal in one side language of the Manchus document can reflect the important information such as author or ownership of document, language of the Manchus ancient books In seal be also identify the archives value and analysis and research archives in Manchu in content important evidence.Therefore, from the language of the Manchus In file and picture extract seal relevant information, for language of the Manchus document research and analyse with utilize it is necessary;On the other hand it prints Chapter, which exists, invests the literal phenomenon of the language of the Manchus, hinder to identify entire document content, and to the segmentation of document text row, Character segmentation For research field etc., seal is noise, thus by language of the Manchus document seal remove and retain seal under language of the Manchus character it is non- It is often significant.
The prior art passes through artificial single image mostly and handles, such as is removed using softwares such as some PS, not only time-consuming numerous It is trivial and ineffective.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of language of the Manchus based on deep learning technology Document seal Abstraction and minimizing technology, this method can extract seal region on language of the Manchus document to the maximum extent, to remove Word under seal;Seal can also be removed, to restore the language of the Manchus word segment under seal to the maximum extent.
Technical solution is as follows:
A kind of language of the Manchus document seal Abstraction and minimizing technology based on deep learning technology, steps are as follows:
S1, language of the Manchus file and picture is pre-processed;
S2, training and the confrontation generation network for saving extraction seal;
S3, training and the confrontation generation network for saving removal seal.
Further, specific step is as follows for pretreatment in step S1:
S1.1, operation is normalized in image;
S1.2, the confrontation for being prepared as confrontation generation network and removal seal that seal is extracted in training generate the data of network.
Further, specific step is as follows in step S2 and/or step S3:
S2.1, building have the generator G1 of U-net structure;
S2.2, in generator G1, if input picture is obtained by convolution several times, leakyReLU operation, BN layer operation Dry network layer;
The last one network layer is by up-sampling UpSampling2D operation, convolution, Dropout in S2.3, step S2.2 U1 layers are obtained after layer operation, BN layer operation, connection penultimate network layer;
S2.4, u1 layers by up-sampling UpSampling2D operation, convolution, Dropout layer operation, BN layers of behaviour several times Make, connection network layer operation obtains network output image;
S2.5, building have the arbiter D1 of the convolutional neural networks of two classification, and the network that generator G1 is generated exports Image and true picture are fed together arbiter D1;
S2.6, target loss function is defined:
Wherein: x is image array to be processed, and y is its supervision image array, z be meet Gaussian Profile and x, y it is big Small identical random matrix, each pixel value range of z matrix are [0,255], and D1 is determining device, and it is adjustable that G1, which is to generate λ device, Hyper parameter, value range are [0,1].
S2.7, trained confrontation generation network model is saved.
Further, further comprising the steps of:
S4, confrontation generation network model is verified and is tested.
Further, with the data composition verifying collection verifying extraction seal for the confrontation generation network for extracting seal to antibiosis At network model, and trim network parameter obtains the confrontation generation network model of final extraction seal, saves new model and is used for New sample is tested;The confrontation of the data composition verifying collection verifying removal seal of network is generated with the confrontation of removal seal Network model is generated, and trim network parameter obtains the confrontation generation network model of final removal seal, saves new model and uses It is tested in new sample.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Language of the Manchus document seal Abstraction of the present invention based on deep learning technology and minimizing technology can be to greatest extent Ground extracts seal region on language of the Manchus document, thus the word under removing seal;Seal can also be removed, thus extensive to the maximum extent Duplicate the language of the Manchus word segment under chapter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the generation schematic network structure in the present invention with U-Net structure extraction seal region;
Fig. 2 is the generation schematic network structure with U-Net structure removal seal region in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is 2 flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
1-3 does further the language of the Manchus document seal Abstraction based on deep learning technology with minimizing technology with reference to the accompanying drawing Explanation.
Embodiment 1
The method for generating the language of the Manchus document seal Abstraction and removal of network is fought based on depth, is made of four parts, respectively Network, training are generated with the confrontation for saving extraction seal region for the pretreatment of language of the Manchus file and picture, training and save removal seal Confrontation generate the result of network, the non-test sample of test.
Step 1: language of the Manchus file and picture pretreatment
1.1 normalization
The picture that scanning is collected is pre-processed, picture size is uniformly normalized to operation, is unified for 2048* 2992.The size for normalizing size is adjustable, should go a size appropriate according to all acquisition image sizes, avoid figure Piece distortion is serious.
1.2 data preparation
Data1: the data that network prepares, the supervision of lid seal image and it are generated for the confrontation that seal region is extracted in training Image, that is, seal area image is 1 group of input, totally 100 groups of data.
Data2: for training removal seal Document retrieval confrontation generate network prepare data, lid seal image and it Supervision image be the file and picture of seal be 1 group of input, totally 100 groups of data.
Step 2: training generates network with the confrontation for extracting seal region is saved
The confrontation that seal region is extracted in 2.1 buildings generates network N et1
Confrontation generates network and is made of two sub-networks, i.e. generator G1 and arbiter D1.
Generator G1: using the encoder network with U-net structure, constructing generation encoder as shown in Figure 1, In, d0 is input picture, and d0 operates to obtain d1 by convolution (64 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU;D1 passes through convolution (128 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU, BN layer operation obtain d2;Passing through convolution, (256 4*4 cores, step-length are d2 2), leakyReLU, BN layer operation obtain d3;D3 is by convolution (512 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU, BN layers of behaviour Obtain d4;D4 is obtaining d5 by convolution (512 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU, BN layer operation;D5 is through pulleying Product (512 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU, BN layer operation obtain d6;D6 is passing through convolution (512 4*4 cores, step-length For 2), leakyReLU, BN layer operation obtain d7;D7 is by up-sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (512*1* 1), Dropout layers, BN layers, connection d6 layers after obtain u1;U1 is by up-sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (512*1*1), Dropout layers, BN layers, connection d5 layers after obtain u2;U2 process up-sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), Convolution (512*1*1), Dropout layers, BN layers, connection d4 layers after obtain u3;U3 is by up-sampling UpSampling2D (size= 2), convolution (256*1*1), Dropout layers, BN layers, connection d3 layers after obtain u4;U4 is by up-sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (128*1*1), Dropout layers, BN layers, connection d2 layers after obtain u5;U5 is by up-sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (128*1*1), Dropout layers, BN layers, connection d1 layers after obtain u6;U6 is by upper It is that network exports picture that u7 is obtained after sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (3*4*4, step-length 1).
The convolutional neural networks of arbiter D1: one two classification: the picture that generator generates is sent together with true picture Enter arbiter D1, the structure of D1 is that (128*4*4, step-length are convolutional layer (64*4*4, step-length 2) → LeakyReLU → convolutional layer 2) → LeakyReLU → BN layers of (momentum of → LeakyReLU → BN layers of (momentum 0.8) → convolutional layer (256*4*4, step-length 2) For 0.8) → convolutional layer (512*4*4, step-length 2) → LeakyReLU → BN layers of (momentum 0.8) → convolutional layer (1*4*4, step It is a length of 1).
The network that 2.2 training are built
Define target loss function:
Using the generator G1 and arbiter D1 constructed in 2.1, using Adam stochastic gradient descent optimizer, above formula is Objective function repetitive exercise.Setting the number of iterations epoch=10000 times.
Above formula is divided to two, and first item generational loss, Section 2 is reconstruct loss.Wherein x is image array to be processed, y For its supervision image array, z be meet Gaussian Profile and the identical random matrix of x, y size, each pixel value of z matrix Range [0,255].X is the language of the Manchus document with seal of acquisition, and in seal Abstraction task, y is that no document text only has The supervision image of seal;In seal removal task, y is the supervision image of the not only document text of seal.It is generated in G1 Device, G1It is the image that generates after input G1 that (x, z), which is with x, z,;D1 is arbiter, D1(x, y) is to be inputted in arbiter D1 with x, y Loss, D1(x,G1(x, z)) it is by the G of x and generation1The loss of (x, z) feeding arbiter D1.Last is reconstruct loss, As supervision image y and the L1 distance for generating image, wherein λ is adjustable hyper parameter, and value range is [0,1], and E is to ask about it The expectation of footmark.
2.3, which save the trained confrontation for extracting seal region, generates network model
Threshold value is set, current trained network model is saved when loss is less than threshold value, finally can be reserved for multiple Which effect of the model of preservation will be compared because current loss is the loss of training data on test set for trained model Fruit is better.
Step 3: training generates network with the confrontation for saving removal seal
3.1 is consistent with the network structure in second step, but independent mutually with second network.Independent input, it is independent Training, is independently arranged all parameters.
The confrontation of 3.2 building removal seals generates network N et2
Construct the target image difference that network structure is identical as 2.2, only exports.
Generator G2: where d0 is input picture, and d0 is grasped by convolution (64 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU Obtain d1;D1 obtains d2 by convolution (128 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU, BN layer operation;D2 is passing through convolution (256 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU, BN layer operation obtain d3;Passing through convolution, (512 4*4 cores, step-length are d3 2), leakyReLU, BN layer operation obtain d4;D4 is by convolution (512 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU, BN layers of behaviour Obtain d5;D5 is obtaining d6 by convolution (512 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU, BN layer operation;D6 is through pulleying Product (512 4*4 cores, step-length 2), leakyReLU, BN layer operation obtain d7;D7 is by up-sampling UpSampling2D (size =2), convolution (512*1*1), Dropout layers, BN layers, connection d6 layers after obtain u1;U1 is by up-sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (512*1*1), Dropout layers, BN layers, connection d5 layers after obtain u2;U2 is by up-sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (512*1*1), Dropout layers, BN layers, connection d4 layers after obtain u3;U3 is by upper Sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (256*1*1), Dropout layer, BN layers, connect d3 layers after obtain u4;U4 warp Cross up-sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (128*1*1), Dropout layers, BN layers, connection d2 layers after obtain u5; U5 is obtained after up-sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (128*1*1), Dropout layers, BN layers, d1 layers of connection u6;It is network output figure that u6 obtains u7 after up-sampling UpSampling2D (size=2), convolution (3*4*4, step-length 1) Piece.
The convolutional neural networks of arbiter D2: one two classification: the picture that generator generates is sent together with true picture Enter arbiter D1, the structure of D1 is that (128*4*4, step-length are convolutional layer (64*4*4, step-length 2) → LeakyReLU → convolutional layer 2) → LeakyReLU → BN layers of (momentum of → LeakyReLU → BN layers of (momentum 0.8) → convolutional layer (256*4*4, step-length 2) For 0.8) → convolutional layer (512*4*4, step-length 2) → LeakyReLU → BN layers of (momentum 0.8) → convolutional layer (1*4*4, step It is a length of 1).
The network that 3.2 training are built
Using the generator G2 and arbiter D2 constructed in 3.1, using Adam stochastic gradient descent optimizer, in 2.2 Loss formula be objective function repetitive exercise.Setting the number of iterations epoch=10000 times.
3.3 confrontation for saving trained removal seal generate network model
Threshold value is set, current trained network model Model2 is saved when loss is less than threshold value.
Step 4: verification and testing
The network model saved in 2.3 is verified with the verifying collection in Data1, and trim network parameter obtains final extraction The network model Model1 in language of the Manchus seal region, saving model1 can be to new test sample.
The network model saved in 3.3 is verified with the verifying collection in Data2, and trim network parameter obtains final extraction The network model Model2 in seal region is removed, saving model2 can be to new test sample.
Embodiment 2
1. data preparation and pretreatment
(1) collection of language of the Manchus file and picture can be the modes such as to scan, take pictures to obtain from language of the Manchus ancient books document accordingly Language of the Manchus file and picture.
(2) image preprocessing, normalized image size.
(3) data preparation of seal extracted region network: band seal file and picture and target image only seal administrative division map As right.
(4) data preparation of seal removal network: band seal file and picture and target image only file and picture pair.
2. building confrontation generates network
It realizes that seal Abstraction building confrontation generates network N et1, is made of generator G1 (as shown in Figure 1), arbiter D1. It realizes that seal removal building confrontation generates network N et2, is made of generator G2 (as shown in Figure 2), arbiter D2.
Generating building for network of confrontation can be built by Open Source Platforms such as TensorFlow, Keras.
3. parameter is arranged
Epochs: for total iteration wheel number
Batch_size=1 is that sample size is arranged in each round iteration
The selection of optimizer: Adam:adaptive moment estimation, adaptive moments estimation.Square in probability theory Be meant that: if a stochastic variable X obeys some distribution, the first moment of X is E (X), that is, sample mean, the two of X Rank square is exactly E (X^2), that is, the average value of sample square.Adam algorithm is according to loss function to the gradient of each parameter Single order moments estimation and second order moments estimation dynamic adjustment are directed to the learning rate of each parameter.Adam is also based on gradient decline Method, but the Learning Step of iterative parameter has a determining range every time, will not cause because of very big gradient very big Learning Step, the value of parameter is more stable.
4. start that preservation model is trained to start to train with backpropagation optimizer, in Net1, first to train arbiter D1, Arbiter D1 is used to differentiate that input picture is that true picture or generator generate, and then generates the print extracted in training generator The ability of chapter picture, then generator and arbiter confrontation learn, to all achieve the effect that.Finally save trained life It grows up to be a useful person model.
5. verification and testing
It goes to verify by the picture for not appearing in training set, precision is continuously improved according to the parameter that precision adjusts model.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1.一种基于深度学习技术的满文文档印章提取与去除方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:1. a Manchu document seal extraction and removal method based on deep learning technology, is characterized in that, step is as follows: S1、对满文文档图像进行预处理;S1. Preprocess the Manchu document image; S2、训练与保存提取印章的对抗生成网络;S2. Train and save the adversarial generation network for extracting seals; S3、训练与保存去除印章的对抗生成网络。S3. Train and save the adversarial generative network that removes the seal. 2.如权利要求1所述的基于深度学习技术的满文文档印章提取与去除方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中预处理具体步骤如下:2. the Manchu document seal extraction and removal method based on deep learning technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step S1, the concrete steps of preprocessing are as follows: S1.1、将图像进行归一化操作;S1.1, normalize the image; S1.2、准备为训练提取印章的对抗生成网络和去除印章的对抗生成网络的数据。S1.2. Prepare data for training the adversarial generative network for extracting seals and the adversarial generative network for removing seals. 3.如权利要求1所述的基于深度学习技术的满文文档印章提取与去除方法,其特征在于,步骤S2和/或步骤S3中具体步骤如下:3. the Manchu document seal extraction and removal method based on deep learning technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step S2 and/or step S3, concrete steps are as follows: S2.1、构建具有U-net结构的生成器G1;S2.1. Build a generator G1 with a U-net structure; S2.2、在生成器G1中,输入图像经过若干次卷积、leakyReLU操作、BN层操作得到若干个网络层;S2.2. In the generator G1, the input image undergoes several convolutions, leakyReLU operations, and BN layer operations to obtain several network layers; S2.3、步骤S2.2中最后一个网络层经过上采样UpSampling2D操作、卷积、Dropout层操作、BN层操作、连接倒数第二个网络层后得到u1层;S2.3. The last network layer in step S2.2 obtains the u1 layer after upsampling UpSampling2D operation, convolution, Dropout layer operation, BN layer operation, and connecting the penultimate network layer; S2.4、u1层经过若干次上采样UpSampling2D操作、卷积、Dropout层操作、BN层操作、连接网络层操作得到网络输出图像;S2.4, the u1 layer obtains the network output image after several times of upsampling UpSampling2D operation, convolution, Dropout layer operation, BN layer operation, and connection network layer operation; S2.5、构建具有二分类的卷积神经网络的判别器D1,将生成器G1生成的网络输出图像与真实图片一同送入判别器D1;S2.5, construct a discriminator D1 with a two-class convolutional neural network, and send the network output image generated by the generator G1 to the discriminator D1 together with the real image; S2.6、定义目标损失函数:S2.6, define the target loss function: 其中:x为待处理的图像矩阵,y为它的监督图像矩阵,z为符合高斯分布的与x,y大小相同的随机矩阵,z矩阵每一像素取值范围是[0,255],D1为判断器,G1为生成器,λ为可调超参数,取值范围为[0,1]。Among them: x is the image matrix to be processed, y is its supervised image matrix, z is a random matrix with the same size as x, y that conforms to Gaussian distribution, the value range of each pixel of the z matrix is [0, 255], D1 is the judgment generator, G1 is the generator, λ is an adjustable hyperparameter, and the value range is [0, 1]. S2.7、保存训练好的对抗生成网络模型。S2.7. Save the trained adversarial generative network model. 4.如权利要求1所述的基于深度学习技术的满文文档印章提取与去除方法,其特征在于,还包括以下步骤:4. the Manchu document seal extraction and removal method based on deep learning technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the following steps: S4、对对抗生成网络模型进行验证和测试。S4. Validate and test the adversarial generative network model. 5.如权利要求2所述的基于深度学习技术的满文文档印章提取与去除方法,其特征在于,用提取印章的对抗生成网络的数据组成验证集验证提取印章的对抗生成网络模型,并微调网络参数得到最终的提取印章的对抗生成网络模型,保存新模型用于对新的样本进行测试;用去除印章的对抗生成网络的数据组成验证集验证去除印章的对抗生成网络模型,并微调网络参数得到最终的去除印章的对抗生成网络模型,保存新模型用于对新的样本进行测试。5. the Manchu document seal extraction and removal method based on deep learning technology as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, with the data composition of the confrontation generating network of extracting seals to verify the confrontation generating network model of extracting seals of verification set, and fine-tuning The network parameters get the final adversarial generative network model for extracting the seal, save the new model for testing new samples; use the data of the adversarial generative network with the seal removed to form a validation set to verify the adversarial generative network model with the seal removed, and fine-tune the network parameters Get the final adversarial generative network model that removes the seal, and save the new model for testing on new samples.
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