CN109359136A - A kind of data consolidation method and device based on taxi GPS - Google Patents
A kind of data consolidation method and device based on taxi GPS Download PDFInfo
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- CN109359136A CN109359136A CN201811180926.8A CN201811180926A CN109359136A CN 109359136 A CN109359136 A CN 109359136A CN 201811180926 A CN201811180926 A CN 201811180926A CN 109359136 A CN109359136 A CN 109359136A
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Abstract
The data consolidation method and device based on taxi GPS that the invention discloses a kind of, is related to data processing field.To solve the problems, such as to judge that traffic congestion duration ratio of precision is lower.This method comprises: the mode of making an uproar of removing according to setting obtained except processing of making an uproar without data of making an uproar, GPS data of the initial data from more taxis in multiple sections to the initial data got；The corresponding nothing of same taxi the make an uproar GPS time of data of the nothing that data include of making an uproar is converted into GPS time to reduction data according to temporal model, by the corresponding rate conversion of the GPS time to reduction data is mean velocity according to mean value reducing method；The corresponding mean velocity of more taxis for including in the same section is converted into intermediate value speed according to intermediate value reducing method, the intermediate value speed is the median of the instantaneous velocity for more taxis for including in the same section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to data processing fields, more particularly relate to a kind of data consolidation method based on taxi GPS
And device.
Background technique
GPS (English are as follows: Global Positioning System, Chinese are as follows: global positioning system) is used as a kind of space
Satellite navigation and location system has the characteristics that real-time, round-the-clock and system-wide net.GPS data from taxi has become acquisition
Road network dynamic information differentiates road net traffic state and counts the significant data source of traffic congestion duration sample.Separately
Outside, the precision for hiring out car data directly affects the accuracy of road net traffic state differentiation, and then influences the traffic congestion duration
The accuracy of sample.Therefore, if to obtain accurate traffic congestion duration sample, it is necessary to GPS data from taxi
Regularization is carried out, and then improves the accuracy that road net traffic state differentiates.
On the one hand noise data and abnormal data in existing GPS data from taxi are mainly acquired, transmit and are deposited in data
It is generated during storage, is on the other hand since the abnormal behaviour mode of taxi generates.The prior art is improving data accuracy
Aspect proposes many methods, also demonstrates the availability of method.But the feature of data itself is analyzed due to lacking,
Lack to the detailed exploratory analysis of GPS data from taxi, therefore the noise data classification obtained has careless omission, is such as judging
When the noise data of speed, if not considering the cumulative distribution situation of speed data and the abnormal behaviour vehicle speed value of vehicle, data
Obtained speed is handled with regard to inaccurate, and then will affect traffic state judging and congestion time statistical accuracy.
In conclusion causing judgement to be handed over since there are Random censorships to traffic congestion duration sample in the prior art
Logical congestion duration precision is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of data consolidation method and device based on taxi GPS, existing to solve
Technology judges that traffic congestion duration precision is relatively low because, there are Random censorship, causing to traffic congestion duration sample
The problem of.
The data consolidation method based on taxi GPS that the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of, comprising:
The initial data got obtain except processing of making an uproar without data of making an uproar according to the mode of making an uproar of removing of setting, it is described original
GPS data of the data source in more taxis in multiple sections；
The corresponding nothing of same taxi the make an uproar GPS time of data of the nothing that data include of making an uproar is turned according to temporal model
It is changed to the GPS time to reduction data, according to mean value reducing method by the corresponding rate conversion of the GPS time to reduction data
For mean velocity；
The corresponding mean velocity of more taxis for including in the same section is converted to according to intermediate value reducing method
Intermediate value speed, the intermediate value speed are the median of the instantaneous velocity for more taxis for including in the same section.
Preferably, described except the mode of making an uproar includes one or more of following scenario described:
Setting regions longitude and latitude abnormal data；
Setting speed abnormal data；
Deflection abnormal data；
EFF invalid data；
Taxi operating status nonsignificant data；
A plurality of data of the taxi at same time point.
Preferably, the time interval of the temporal model is 15 seconds, and the temporal model is as follows:
Wherein, NewDate=NewYear+NewMonth+NewDay+NewHr+NewMin+NewSec, NewYear=
Year, NewMonth=Month, NewDay=Day, NewHr=Hr, NewMin=Min, NewSec=Sec, Year,
Month, Day, Hr, Min and Sec respectively indicate without make an uproar data GPS time year, month, day, hour, min and the second, NewYear,
NewMonth, NewDay, NewHr, NewMin and NewSec respectively indicate when the year, month, day of the GPS time of reduction data, when,
Point and the second.
Preferably, the mean value reducing method is as follows:
Wherein, μXIndicate mean value longitude and latitude, X indicates that same taxi includes in 15 seconds nothing data of making an uproar are corresponding
Each of the longitude and latitude, n indicate that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the corresponding longitude and latitude of data
Quantity；μVIndicate mean velocity, V indicates that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the corresponding each institute of data
State speed, m indicates that the nothing that same taxi includes in 15 seconds is made an uproar the quantity of the corresponding speed of data；
It is described according to mean value reducing method by the corresponding rate conversion of the GPS time to reduction data be mean velocity,
Further include:
The corresponding longitude and latitude of the GPS time to reduction data is converted into mean value longitude and latitude.
Preferably, the intermediate value reducing method is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate intermediate value speed, μVIndicate that mean velocity, p indicate the taxi that the same section includes in 15 seconds
Vehicle quantity.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of, and the data consolidation makeup based on taxi GPS is set, comprising:
Unit is obtained, for make an uproar except processing of making an uproar obtains nothing to the initial data got according to the mode of making an uproar of removing of setting
Data, GPS data of the initial data from more taxis in multiple sections；
First converting unit, for the corresponding nothing of the same taxi nothing that data include of making an uproar to be made an uproar the GPS of data
Time is converted to the GPS time to reduction data according to temporal model, according to mean value reducing method by the GPS to reduction data
Time corresponding rate conversion is mean velocity；
Second converting unit, the corresponding institute of more taxis for will include in the same section according to intermediate value reducing method
It states mean velocity and is converted to intermediate value speed, the intermediate value speed is the instantaneous velocity for more taxis for including in the same section
Median.
Preferably, described except the mode of making an uproar includes one or more of following scenario described:
Setting regions longitude and latitude abnormal data；
Setting speed abnormal data；
Deflection abnormal data；
EFF invalid data；
Taxi operating status nonsignificant data；
A plurality of data of the taxi at same time point.
Preferably, the time interval of the temporal model is 15 seconds, and the temporal model is as follows:
Wherein, NewDate=NewYear+NewMonth+NewDay+NewHr+NewMin+NewSec, NewYear=
Year, NewMonth=Month, NewDay=Day, NewHr=Hr, NewMin=Min, NewSec=Sec, Year,
Month, Day, Hr, Min, Sec indicate the year, month, day, hour, min of the GPS time without data of making an uproar, second, NewYear,
NewMonth, NewDay, NewHr, NewMin, NewSec indicate to reduction data GPS time year, month, day, hour, min,
Second.
Preferably, the mean value reducing method is as follows:
Wherein, μXIndicate mean value longitude and latitude, X indicates that same taxi includes in 15 seconds nothing data of making an uproar are corresponding
Each of the longitude and latitude, n indicate that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the corresponding longitude and latitude of data
Quantity；μVIndicate mean velocity, V indicates that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the corresponding each institute of data
State speed, m indicates that the nothing that same taxi includes in 15 seconds is made an uproar the quantity of the corresponding speed of data；
First converting unit is also used to: the corresponding longitude and latitude of the GPS time to reduction data is converted to
It is worth longitude and latitude.
Preferably, the intermediate value reducing method is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate intermediate value speed, μVIndicate that mean velocity, p indicate the taxi that the same section includes in 15 seconds
Vehicle quantity.
The data consolidation method and device based on taxi GPS that the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of, this method comprises:
The initial data got obtain except processing of making an uproar without data of making an uproar, the initial data source according to the mode of making an uproar of removing of setting
In GPS data of the more taxis in multiple sections；The corresponding nothing of the same taxi nothing that data include of making an uproar is made an uproar number
According to GPS time the GPS time to reduction data is converted to according to temporal model, will be described to reduction number according to mean value reducing method
According to the corresponding rate conversion of GPS time be mean velocity；More that include in the same section are gone out according to intermediate value reducing method
The corresponding mean velocity of hiring a car is converted to intermediate value speed, and the intermediate value speed is more taxis for including in the same section
The median of the instantaneous velocity of vehicle.In this method, analyzed by the noise type for including to taxi GPS initial data,
Noise data is deleted, the problem of mistake deletes data is avoided；Furthermore, it is contemplated that the GPS by crossing of taxi records the time
With the time of carrying process, tfi module is established, and the GPS time without data of making an uproar is converted to according to temporal model to reduction number
According to GPS time, intermediate value speed will be determined as to the corresponding speed of the GPS time of reduction data according to mean value reduction and intermediate value reduction
Degree has determined the instantaneous velocity for the taxi that some determines that region includes within the set time, this method one side original number
According to reducing 2/3 or more, the quality of data and data precision are on the other hand improved.It is held to solve existing judgement traffic congestion
The lower problem of continuous time precision.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of data consolidation method flow schematic diagram based on taxi GPS provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is taxi GPS initial data cumulative distribution schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that GPS data from taxi provided in an embodiment of the present invention uploads schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is taxi behavioural analysis schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that the GPS time without data of making an uproar provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on temporal model switchs to for reduction number
According to GPS time flow diagram；
Fig. 6 is that the nothing that the embodiment of the present invention one provides is made an uproar schematic diagram data；
Fig. 7 be the embodiment of the present invention one provide based on temporal model conversion after schematic diagram data；
Fig. 8 be the embodiment of the present invention one provide based on the data result schematic diagram after mean value reduction process；
Fig. 9 is the traffic behavior figure in certain section that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Figure 10 is a kind of data consolidation apparatus structure schematic diagram based on taxi GPS provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 illustratively shows a kind of data consolidation method based on taxi GPS provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Flow diagram, this method can at least be applied in urban transportation Data processing.
As shown in Figure 1, this method mainly comprises the steps that
Step 101, the initial data got obtain except processing of making an uproar without data of making an uproar according to the mode of making an uproar of removing of setting,
GPS data of the initial data from more taxis in multiple sections；
Step 102, by the corresponding nothing of same taxi make an uproar the nothing that data include make an uproar data GPS time according to when
Sequence model conversion is the GPS time to reduction data, according to mean value reducing method that the GPS time to reduction data is corresponding
Rate conversion is mean velocity；
Step 103, according to intermediate value reducing method that the corresponding mean value of more taxis for including in the same section is fast
Degree is converted to intermediate value speed, and the intermediate value speed is the middle position of the instantaneous velocity for more taxis for including in the same section
Number.
Before introducing following steps, need first to introduce the source of the GPS data of following taxi and as original
It needs to carry out following data processing before data.
1), determination gets whether data have missing values:
In practical applications, since missing data can analyze work and have an impact to statistics, cause to analyze the inclined of result
Difference.In embodiments of the present invention, it can analyze to obtain whether each variable in data has missing values by statistical software, and then consider
How missing values are handled.
Specifically, table 1 is that the data dictionary of record GPS data from taxi is needed taxi GPS in practical applications
Data in database corresponding data dictionary one by one, is judged and is handled using R language the function of missing values, judge taxi in one day
Whether vehicle GPS data initial data loaded into memory from database has missing values.
2) details for, determining the data got, judges whether data have exceptional value:
In practical applications, the minimum value of each field data in data, maximum value, mean value and each can be obtained by statistics
It is divided into value a little, so as to substantially judge whether distribution situation and the data of data have exceptional value.
Specifically, R language can be used to the minimum value of field data each in a data, quantile, median, average
Value, tertile point, maximum value index are counted, and record their longitude, latitude, height, speed, each finger of direction field
Target maximum value is seen by the data of record with the presence or absence of exceptional value.For example, with the license plate field of GPS data from taxi
For explored.Be divided between the GPS data from taxi uplink time of Xi'an 30 seconds, GPS terminal equipment under normal circumstances each
The data volume of Che Yitian is 2880, and the GPS by counting bicycle records number discovery, and daily bicycle record number is greater than 2880 vehicle
The 35% of total vehicle is accounted for, a portion makes the reason is that GPS terminal uploads data or Input of Data data break down
It obtains same vehicle and a plurality of data occurs in synchronization；Another part the reason is that the igniting of vehicle, stop working, register, it is sign-out and
Anti-robbery state has been recorded in data, wherein light a fire, stop working, register it is nonsensical to research of the invention with sign-out state,
And it is in the vehicle of anti-robbery state, it is divided into 1~5 second between GPS data uplink time, thus it is superfluous to show that GPS data has for analysis
Yu Xing.Therefore, it is necessary to be counted by a series of indexs of the R language to other fields.
3), know the cumulative distribution situation of data:
Due to judging that the selection of threshold value during noise data plays an important role, it is therefore desirable to be obtained by statistical software
The cumulative distribution situation for evidence of fetching.
Specifically, can with reference to China " urban highway traffic postitallation evaluation index system " standard stroke speed index into
Row traffic state judging obtains cumulative distribution situation using the cumulative distribution table that R language draws same day taxi speed data.It lifts
For example, Fig. 2 is taxi GPS initial data cumulative distribution schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, in figure
The slope of curve that speed is 0 is maximum, and the data probability density for illustrating that speed is 0 in GPS data is maximum, and the number that speed is 0
According to about accounting for 50%, illustrate that there are exceptional values in speed data；The urban road Maximum speed limit of Xi'an is 70km/h, from tired
Score Butut can be seen that speed about after being greater than 70, and slope of a curve is close to 0, it may be said that bright about 99%
Data speed is less than 70, so the threshold value of speed data can be set to 70 when classifying to noise data.So that it is determined that speed
Data threshold facilitates noise data to classify.
1 GPS data from taxi dictionary of table
Relevant treatment has been carried out by the initial data that above-mentioned 3 steps can will acquire, in embodiments of the present invention,
In order to avoid accidentally deleting data, GPS data from taxi noise pattern is established also according to following a variety of situations, i.e., by original number
According to the interior data for meeting following situations as noise, all delete.Below with the taxi in Xi'an on October 16th, 2017
For GPS data, a variety of situations for meeting noise pattern are discussed in detail:
1), setting regions longitude and latitude abnormal data:
In practical applications, it needs to provide to getting data region range, that is, the data application got
Within the set range, if can be by the data definition in the range of getting the corresponding longitude and latitude of data no longer region
Noise data.For example, the east longitude longitude range of Xi'an be [107.40,109.49], north latitude latitude scope be [33.42,
34.45], then can data by longitude numbers in GPS data less than 107.4 or greater than 109.49, latitude numerical value is less than
33.42 or the data definition greater than 34.45 be noise data.
2), setting speed abnormal data:
In practical applications, either urban road or super expressway, are provided with Maximum speed limit, if getting data
Corresponding speed is greater than Maximum speed limit, then can be noise data by the data definition.For example, Xi'an urban road highest limits
Speed is 70km/h, is obtained according to instantaneous velocity data cumulative distribution situation, has 99% speed data to be less than or equal to 70km/h, institute
Using the data definition by instantaneous velocity in GPS data greater than 70km/h as noise data.
It should be noted that due in urban road overpass or towering buildings will affect the reception of GPS signal,
Received GPS data can generate jump point error, can there is GPS time and longitude and latitude field calculating vehicle according to same vehicle
Average travel speed be greater than 70km/h, therefore, the average travel speed of vehicle is also defined as greater than the data of 70km/h
Noise data.
3), deflection abnormal data:
Because the numberical range of deflection is 0~359, the data by deflection numerical value in GPS data greater than 359 are determined
Justice is noise data.
4), EFF (English are as follows: effective) invalid data:
The data that EFF field is 1 in data dictionary are valid data, are invalid datas for 0 data.So by GPS number
It is noise data according to the data definition that middle EFF field is 0.
5), taxi operating status nonsignificant data:
Due in it is stateless, register, sign-out, igniting, flameout state taxi car data to differentiating that traffic behavior is not intended to
Justice, so being noise data by the meaningless data definition of travel condition of vehicle in GPS data.
6), a plurality of data of the taxi at same time point
GPS terminal uploads data or Input of Data data break down, and same vehicle can be made to occur in synchronization
A plurality of data, observation data characteristics, it can be seen that same vehicle when putting in a plurality of data of appearance at the same time, only one
Data deflection and speed are all not zero, so a plurality of data for same vehicle at same time point, only retain speed
That maximum data, remainder data are all determined as noise data.
In embodiments of the present invention, setting regions longitude and latitude abnormal data, deflection abnormal data, EFF invalid data, out
Operating status of hiring a car nonsignificant data and taxi, can be according to each words when a plurality of data at same time point are noise data
Section directly judge and carry out data remove make an uproar.Corresponding instantaneous velocity can also be according to each field in corresponding setting speed abnormal data
Directly judge and carry out data except making an uproar, and correspond to average speed, then needs the longitude and latitude according to same vehicle two o'clock in GPS data
Data calculate its operating range using Haversine formula, obtain the average travel speed of vehicle divided by time span, will be averaged
Data of the travel speed greater than 70km/h are cleared up.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is determined to using Haversine formula according to the longitude and latitude data of same vehicle two o'clock
The specific method of the average speed of same vehicle, without limitation.
In a step 101, it in the band of position of setting, first determines the taxi travelled in the area, then obtains
The GPS data of taxi.It should be noted that the acquisition of existing GPS data is the GPS monitoring by being mounted on taxi
What system obtained.In embodiments of the present invention, for additional symbols, the GPS data got at first is defined as initial data,
Further, initial data is carried out except processing of making an uproar except mode of making an uproar according to setting, i.e., will met in initial data except mode of making an uproar
Including the data of susceptible situation delete.For example, if in initial data there are speed be greater than setting speed be worth data when,
This or a plurality of data greater than setting speed can be deleted；If the corresponding longitude and latitude of initial data is not in setting
When longitude and latitude range, then by this or it is a plurality of not setting longitude and latitude range data delete；If existing in initial data
When deflection is greater than the data of setting range deflection, then this or a plurality of data greater than direction initialization angle are deleted；
If the data that this or a plurality of EFF field are 0 are deleted there are when the data that EFF field is 0 in initial data；If
When there are the not data of travel condition of vehicle in initial data, then by the data of this or a plurality of not travel condition of vehicle
It deletes；If existing in initial data, when putting corresponding multiple data at the same time, value includes having in above-mentioned multiple data
One data of maximum speed deletes remaining a plurality of data.
It should be noted that above-mentioned except a variety of situations for including in mode of making an uproar, can there was only a kind of situation and initial data
In certain or a plurality of data match, can also be matched with a plurality of data in initial data respectively there are many situation,
There can be the whole circumstances to match with a plurality of data in initial data, in embodiments of the present invention, include to except the mode of making an uproar
A variety of situations are not done specifically defined.
Before step 102, need to introduce the time interval that the embodiment of the present invention establishes numerical value reduction temporal model.
In practical applications, since taxi has unique operation characteristic, furthermore taxi is needed when uploading GPS data
The characteristics of combining urban road, so, in the embodiment of the present invention, need on operation characteristic and taxi according to taxi
The characteristics of passing GPS data, to determine the time interval of temporal model.
1) the characteristics of, section that taxi passes through at least records 1 GPS point:
In the embodiment of the present invention, it is assumed that the shortest distance in section is 300 meters between adjacent two intersection of urban road, section
Desin speed is 60km/h.Fig. 3 is that GPS data from taxi provided in an embodiment of the present invention uploads schematic diagram, as shown in figure 3, Fig. 3
Showing the various situations that specifically GPS data uploads, i.e. taxi has carried out the upload of first time GPS data in position A,
It when taxi is upwardly into position B, has carried out second of GPS data and has uploaded, since the urban road crossing is T-shaped road junction, then hired out
Vehicle it is possible that two kinds of upward routes, i.e. taxi are not travelled to position B, but is travelled to position C at the crossing, and
In position, C completes second of GPS data and uploads.Situation according to Fig.3, it may be determined that if taxi is by the section
A GPS data is had recorded, then at least needs 18s.
2), taxi behavioural analysis
Fig. 4 is taxi behavioural analysis schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, the figure shows
Travel speed and time variation diagram when the carrying behavior that one taxi occurs, being averaged with 35km/h when the non-carrying of taxi
Speed traveling, and when there is passenger to need by bus, driver has 2 seconds time that speed is decelerated to zero, and passenger spends 4 seconds
Time rides, and vehicle was accelerated to normally travel speed with 2 seconds time again by driver.Situation is it was determined that go out according to Fig.4,
The best uplink time interval the GPS that hires a car must at least need 8s comprising the time required for taxi behavior.
1) and time range that 2) two parts obtain in conjunction with, in embodiments of the present invention, by GPS data from taxi it is best on
It passes time interval to be set to 15 seconds, further, the time interval of numerical value reduction temporal model is set to 15 seconds, and according to this time
Interval, it is subsequent that reduction process is carried out to data.
In a step 102, the nothing determined from step 101, which is made an uproar, determines that wherein a taxi is in a period of time in data
Including all without data of making an uproar, further, it is determined that GPS time of this taxi without data of making an uproar, due to it is confirmed that this
Taxi in a period of time all without data of making an uproar, then can affirm, may include thering are multiple nothings to make an uproar without making an uproar in data
The GPS time of data.
Further, the determining GPS time without data of making an uproar is converted into the GPS model to reduction according to temporal model,
It had illustrated in front, the time interval of temporal model is 15 seconds, then again, the time interval of the temporal model is 15
Second.
In embodiments of the present invention, temporal model can be indicated by following formula (1):
In the formula (1), NewDate=NewYear+NewMonth+NewDay+NewHr+NewMin+NewSec,
NewYear=Year, NewMonth=Month, NewDay=Day, NewHr=Hr, NewMin=Min, wherein Year,
Month, Day, Hr, Min and Sec respectively indicate without make an uproar data GPS time year, month, day, hour, min and the second, and NewYear,
NewMonth, NewDay, NewHr, NewMin and NewSec respectively indicate when the year, month, day of the GPS time of reduction data, when,
Point and the second.
For example, Fig. 5 be it is provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on temporal model nothing make an uproar data GPS time switch to for
To the GPS time flow diagram of reduction data, as shown in figure 5, if the GPS time without data of making an uproar is on August 8,8: 8 2008
At points 8 seconds, then it can determine that the GPS time to reduction data is 8 points of August in 2008 8 days 8 minutes and 15 seconds according to above-mentioned formula (1).
Here difference is that since the GPS time corresponding second without data of making an uproar is 8, and 8 meet " 8≤Sec≤22 " just, then basis
Formula (1) can determine that the GPS time corresponding second to reduction data is 15；If the GPS time without data of making an uproar is 2008 8
When 8: 28 8: on the 8th moon, then it can determine that the GPS time to reduction data is on August 8,8 2008 according to above-mentioned formula (1)
Point 8 minutes and 30 seconds.Here difference is that since the GPS time corresponding second without data of making an uproar is 28, and 28 meet " 23≤Sec just
≤ 37 ", then according to formula (1), it can determine that the GPS time corresponding second to reduction data is 30；If nothing is made an uproar when the GPS of data
Between be on August 8: 38 8: 8,2008 when, then can determine that the GPS time to reduction data is according to above-mentioned formula (1)
8 points of August in 2008 8 days 8 minutes and 45 seconds.Here difference is that since the GPS time corresponding second without data of making an uproar is 38, and 38 is proper
Meet " 38≤Sec≤52 " well, then according to formula (1), can determine that the GPS time corresponding second to reduction data is 45；If
When GPS time without data of making an uproar is on August 8: 58 8: 8,2008, then it can be determined according to above-mentioned formula (1) to reduction number
According to GPS time be 8 points of August in 2008 8 days 9 minutes and 45 seconds.Here difference is, since the GPS time without data of making an uproar is corresponding
Second is 58, and 58 meet " 53≤Sec≤59 " just, then, can according to " NewDate=NewDate+1Min " in formula (1)
It is divided into 9 points so that the determining GPS time to reduction data is corresponding, and the corresponding second does not change, and is still 58.
It, then can be according to above-mentioned side after determining the GPS time to reduction data in set period of time an of vehicle
Method determines the GPS time to reduction data for the whole taxis for including in set period of time.Again to determining whole taxis
The GPS time to reduction data be not described in detail.
Further, according to the determining GPS time to reduction data, the mean value that can be provided through the embodiment of the present invention
Reducing method successively determines mean velocity and mean value longitude and latitude of each taxi in a set period of time.
In embodiments of the present invention, uniform reducing method includes following two formula:
Formula (2), for time interval, was respectively made an uproar same taxi corresponding nothing in data with 15 seconds in temporal model
Included multiple latitude and longitude values be averaging to get to a vehicle set period of time mean value longitude and latitude.Formula (2)
In, μXIndicate mean value longitude and latitude, X indicates that in 15 seconds, hiring out the nothing for including for same makes an uproar the corresponding each longitude and latitude of data, n table
Show the quantity without the corresponding longitude and latitude of data of making an uproar that same taxi includes in 15 seconds.
In practical applications, taxi parking waiting red light behavior and parking carrying row to be distinguished to the processing of speed data
For the speed data feature of parking waiting red light behavior vehicle is in continuous two 15 seconds intervals, and the speed without data of making an uproar is all
It is 0, and the speed data feature for the carrying behavior vehicle that stops is in continuous two 15 seconds intervals, the speed without data of making an uproar has 0
And non-zero value.Therefore, 0 is expressed as waiting for parking the mean value reduction of red light behavioral data.And for non-zero, then needing will be same
The corresponding nothing of taxi included multiple speed in data of making an uproar are averaging.Wherein, μVIndicate that mean velocity, V indicate
The nothing that same taxi includes in 15 seconds is made an uproar the corresponding each speed of data, and m indicates the same taxi packet in 15 seconds
The quantity without the corresponding speed of data of making an uproar included.
Using single taxi as research object when in step 103, due to mean value reduction, by same vehicle in a time
A plurality of data in section carry out mean value calculation；And when intermediate value reduction with whole taxis included by section (region) be research
The a plurality of data of all taxis in same a road section same period are carried out median calculation by object.
Based on this, same vehicle is determined on the basis of the mean velocity of a period in step 102, can be determined same
The intermediate value speed for whole taxis that one section includes within the period of setting.In embodiments of the present invention, to all the way
The speed data of section (region) all taxis in 15 seconds time intervals carries out reduction process, to reduce because hiring out bus or train route
Side length time parking behavior and current road segment travel speed is high and individual taxis run at a low speed the influence of behavior.
Intermediate value speed can be determined by following equation (4):
Wherein,Indicate intermediate value speed, μVIndicate that mean velocity, p indicate the whole that the same section includes in 15 seconds
Taxis quantity.
In practical applications, since when vehicle accelerates and slows down, speed is usually consecutive variations, therefore of the invention real
It applies in example, introduces coefficient of dispersion and taxi initial data is compared with the quality of numerical value reduction data, metric values reduction
Effect.Coefficient of dispersion can be used to measure in the dispersion degree of one group of data in statistics, if the big theory of coefficient of dispersion value
Bright this group of data discrete degree is big, otherwise illustrates that this group of data discrete degree is small.The definition of coefficient of dispersion is the standard deviation of data
It is practical to be calculated using statistical analysis software such as R, Python, SPSS etc. when calculating the ratio between with its mean value.In other words, speed
Data discrete degree is bigger, illustrates that data precision is not high.Therefore, intermediate value speed data is as the number of speed obtained after reduction
According to its coefficient of dispersion will be lower than the coefficient of dispersion of initial data certainly.
In conclusion the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of data consolidation method and device based on taxi GPS, it should
Method includes: according to setting except mode of making an uproar obtain except processing of making an uproar without data of making an uproar, the original to the initial data got
GPS data of the beginning data source in more taxis in multiple sections；The corresponding nothing of same taxi is made an uproar data packet
The make an uproar GPS time of data of the nothing included is converted to GPS time to reduction data according to temporal model, according to mean value reducing method by institute
Stating to the corresponding rate conversion of GPS time of reduction data is mean velocity；According to intermediate value reducing method by the same section Nei Bao
The corresponding mean velocity of more taxis included is converted to intermediate value speed, and the intermediate value speed, which is in the same section, includes
More taxis instantaneous velocity median.In this method, pass through the noise type for including to taxi GPS initial data
It is analyzed, noise data is deleted, avoid the problem of mistake deletes data；Furthermore, it is contemplated that the GPS by crossing of taxi
The time for recording time and carrying process establishes tfi module, and the GPS time without data of making an uproar is converted to according to temporal model
To the GPS time of reduction data, will be determined to the corresponding speed of the GPS time of reduction data according to mean value reduction and intermediate value reduction
For intermediate value speed, that is, the instantaneous velocity for the taxi that some determines that region includes within the set time, one side of this method is determined
Face initial data reduces 2/3 or more, on the other hand improves the quality of data and data precision.It is handed over to solve existing judgement
The lower problem of logical congestion duration precision.
A kind of data consolidation side based on taxi GPS provided in an embodiment of the present invention is introduced in order to clearer
Method introduces this hair for the 6~Fig. 9 of GPS data from taxi and attached drawing for combining on October 16th, 2017 in more detail
The data consolidation method that bright embodiment provides.
Step 201, initial data is except processing of making an uproar:
The GPS data from taxi on October 16th, 2017 has 31,904,400 record numbers, according to data except mode pair of making an uproar
After initial data carries out data except making an uproar, the record number without data of making an uproar is 22,494,879.
It step 202, will be without data time sequence of making an uproar using temporal model:
By the temporal model of foundation to without timing data are obtained after data mart modeling of making an uproar, choosing license plate number is Shan AT9633's
Taxi with abnormal behaviour compares and analyzes.The Che Yitian has 14145 records, and Fig. 6 is that the embodiment of the present invention one mentions
The nothing of confession is made an uproar schematic diagram data, such as Fig. 6 it can be seen that the GPS data uplink time interval without the vehicle in data of making an uproar is about 5 to 6
Second, by temporal model to after data mart modeling as shown in fig. 7, Fig. 7 be the embodiment of the present invention one provide based on temporal model turn
Schematic diagram data after changing, it is the corresponding time after GPS time timing that wherein TIME field, which is newly added field,.It can be with
Three GPS_TIME are corresponded approximately at the time of finding out a TIME.
Step 203, mean value reduction:
Fig. 8 be the embodiment of the present invention one provide based on the data result schematic diagram after mean value reduction process, using mean value
Reducing method to after timing data processing as shown in figure 8, each moment in TIME field corresponding speed, longitude, a latitude.
Step 204, data quality metric before and after mean value reduction:
Statistics is without making an uproar in data and mean value reduction data respectively, the data volume item number of the vehicle, and by instantaneous velocity data point
It Ji Suan coefficient of dispersion, it can be deduced that the data volume of the vehicle has been reduced to 4846 from 14145 after mean value reduction, and data volume subtracts
Lack 66%, coefficient of dispersion is reduced to 0.8165 from 0.9402, and the quality of data has been improved.
Intermediate value reduction process is carried out to mean value reduction data, so far numerical value reduction step terminates.Initial data is counted respectively
With the data volume item number of numerical value reduction data, and coefficient of dispersion is calculated separately by instantaneous velocity data, it can be deduced that numerical value reduction
Taxi data volume one day after is reduced to 20,991,331 from 31,904,400, and data volume reduces 34%, coefficient of dispersion
It is reduced to 0.8042 from 1.2963, the quality of data has been improved.
Step 205, map match
In embodiments of the present invention, due to GPS positioning error, coordinate system transformed error, electronic map error the problems such as, out
GPS data of hiring a car cannot be directly presented on road, can be improved to the precision of GPS data by map matching technology.
It is matched using GPS data from taxi with Baidu map in the map match stage embodiment of the present invention, since the GPS of road believes
Cease less, suitable to match to Xi'an GPS data from taxi with Xi'an road network using correlation analysis algorithm, raising
The precision of GPS data.GPS data from taxi after numerical value reduction map match has been subjected to.
Specifically, the fields such as longitude, latitude, speed, deflection of GPS data after extraction numerical value reduction, by numerical value reduction
GPS data from taxi afterwards presses 5 minutes time intervals, carries out map match with Baidu map.Fig. 9 is the embodiment of the present invention one
The traffic behavior figure in certain section provided is illustrated in figure 9 the east of the period Nei Erhuan South Road 8:05-8:10 on October 16 in 2017
The traffic behavior figure of section.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of, and the data consolidation makeup based on taxi GPS is set,
Since the principle that the device solves technical problem is similar to a kind of data consolidation method based on taxi GPS, the dress
The implementation set may refer to the implementation of method, and overlaps will not be repeated.
Figure 10 is a kind of data consolidation apparatus structure schematic diagram based on taxi GPS provided in an embodiment of the present invention,
As shown in Figure 10, the device mainly includes: obtain unit 301, the first converting unit 302 and the second converting unit 303.
Unit 301 is obtained, the initial data got handle except making an uproar according to the mode of making an uproar of removing of setting for root
To without data of making an uproar, GPS data of the initial data from more taxis in multiple sections；
First converting unit 302, for the corresponding nothing of the same taxi nothing that data include of making an uproar to be made an uproar data
GPS time is converted to the GPS time to reduction data according to temporal model, according to mean value reducing method by described to reduction data
The corresponding rate conversion of GPS time is mean velocity；
Second converting unit 303, for according to intermediate value reducing method that more taxis for including in the same section are corresponding
The mean velocity be converted to intermediate value speed, the intermediate value speed is the instantaneous of more taxis for including in the same section
The median of speed.
Preferably, described except the mode of making an uproar includes one or more of following scenario described:
Setting regions longitude and latitude abnormal data；
Setting speed abnormal data；
Deflection abnormal data；
EFF invalid data；
Taxi operating status nonsignificant data；
A plurality of data of the taxi at same time point.
Preferably, the time interval of the temporal model is 15 seconds, and the temporal model is as follows:
Wherein, NewDate=NewYear+NewMonth+NewDay+NewHr+NewMin+NewSec, NewYear=
Year, NewMonth=Month, NewDay=Day, NewHr=Hr, NewMin=Min, NewSec=Sec, Year,
Month, Day, Hr, Min, Sec indicate the year, month, day, hour, min of the GPS time without data of making an uproar, second, NewYear,
NewMonth, NewDay, NewHr, NewMin, NewSec indicate to reduction data GPS time year, month, day, hour, min,
Second.
Preferably, the mean value reducing method is as follows:
Wherein, μXIndicate mean value longitude and latitude, X indicates that same taxi includes in 15 seconds nothing data of making an uproar are corresponding
Each of the longitude and latitude, n indicate that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the corresponding longitude and latitude of data
Quantity；μVIndicate mean velocity, V indicates that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the corresponding each institute of data
State speed, m indicates that the nothing that same taxi includes in 15 seconds is made an uproar the quantity of the corresponding speed of data；
First converting unit 302 is also used to:
The corresponding longitude and latitude of the GPS time to reduction data is converted into mean value longitude and latitude.
Preferably, the intermediate value reducing method is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate intermediate value speed, μVIndicate that mean velocity, p indicate the taxi that the same section includes in 15 seconds
Vehicle quantity.
It should be appreciated that one of the above based on taxi GPS data consolidation makeup set including unit only according to this set
The logical partitioning that the function that standby device is realized carries out in practical application, can carry out the superposition or fractionation of said units.And it should
Realized function and provided by the above embodiment one is set in a kind of data consolidation makeup based on taxi GPS that embodiment provides
Data consolidation method kind based on taxi GPS corresponds, for the more detailed process flow that the device is realized,
It has been described in detail in above method embodiment one, has been not described in detail herein.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, the embodiment of the present invention can provide as method, system or computer program
Product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or reality combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the present invention
Apply the form of example.Moreover, it wherein includes the computer of computer usable program code that the present invention, which can be used in one or more,
The computer program implemented in usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) produces
The form of product.
The present invention be referring to according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention, the process of equipment (system) and computer program product
Figure and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that every one stream in flowchart and/or the block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions
The combination of process and/or box in journey and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.It can provide these computer programs
Instruct the processor of general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices to produce
A raw machine, so that being generated by the instruction that computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices execute for real
The device for the function of being specified in present one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy
Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works, so that it includes referring to that instruction stored in the computer readable memory, which generates,
Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one box of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram or
The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that counting
Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, thus in computer or
The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram one
The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is created once a person skilled in the art knows basic
Property concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So it includes excellent that the following claims are intended to be interpreted as
It selects embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of data consolidation method based on taxi GPS characterized by comprising
The initial data got obtain except processing of making an uproar without data of making an uproar, the initial data according to the mode of making an uproar of removing of setting
GPS data from more taxis in multiple sections；
The corresponding nothing of same taxi the make an uproar GPS time of data of the nothing that data include of making an uproar is converted to according to temporal model
It by the corresponding rate conversion of the GPS time to reduction data is equal according to mean value reducing method to the GPS time of reduction data
It is worth speed；
The corresponding mean velocity of more taxis for including in the same section is converted into intermediate value according to intermediate value reducing method
Speed, the intermediate value speed are the median of the instantaneous velocity for more taxis for including in the same section.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described except the mode of making an uproar includes one of following scenario described or more
Kind:
Setting regions longitude and latitude abnormal data；
Setting speed abnormal data；
Deflection abnormal data；
EFF invalid data；
Taxi operating status nonsignificant data；
A plurality of data of the taxi at same time point.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the time interval of the temporal model is 15 seconds, the timing
Model is as follows:
Wherein, NewDate=NewYear+NewMonth+NewDay+NewHr+NewMin+NewSec, NewYear=Year,
NewMonth=Month, NewDay=Day, NewHr=Hr, NewMin=Min, NewSec=Sec, Year, Month, Day,
Hr, Min and Sec respectively indicate without make an uproar data GPS time year, month, day, hour, min and the second, NewYear, NewMonth,
NewDay, NewHr, NewMin and NewSec respectively indicate year, month, day, hour, min and the second of the GPS time to reduction data.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the mean value reducing method is as follows:
Wherein, μXIndicate mean value longitude and latitude, X indicates that same taxi includes in 15 seconds nothing data of making an uproar are corresponding every
A longitude and latitude, n indicate that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the number of the corresponding longitude and latitude of data
Amount；μVIndicate mean velocity, V indicates that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the corresponding each speed of data
Degree, m indicate that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the quantity of the corresponding speed of data；
It is described according to mean value reducing method by the corresponding rate conversion of the GPS time to reduction data be mean velocity, also wrap
It includes:
The corresponding longitude and latitude of the GPS time to reduction data is converted into mean value longitude and latitude.
5. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the intermediate value reducing method is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate intermediate value speed, μVIndicate that mean velocity, p indicate the taxi number that the same section includes in 15 seconds
Amount.
6. a kind of data consolidation makeup based on taxi GPS is set characterized by comprising
Unit is obtained, for obtain except processing of making an uproar without number of making an uproar to the initial data got according to the mode of making an uproar of removing of setting
According to GPS data of the initial data from more taxis in multiple sections；
First converting unit, for the corresponding nothing of the same taxi nothing that data include of making an uproar to be made an uproar the GPS times of data
The GPS time to reduction data is converted to according to temporal model, according to mean value reducing method by the GPS time to reduction data
Corresponding rate conversion is mean velocity；
Second converting unit, for according to intermediate value reducing method that more taxis for including in the same section are corresponding described equal
Value rate conversion is intermediate value speed, and the intermediate value speed is in the instantaneous velocity for more taxis for including in the same section
Digit.
7. device as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that described except the mode of making an uproar includes one of following scenario described or more
Kind:
Setting regions longitude and latitude abnormal data；
Setting speed abnormal data；
Deflection abnormal data；
EFF invalid data；
Taxi operating status nonsignificant data；
A plurality of data of the taxi at same time point.
8. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the time interval of the temporal model is 15 seconds, the timing
Model is as follows:
Wherein, NewDate=NewYear+NewMonth+NewDay+NewHr+NewMin+NewSec, NewYear=Year,
NewMonth=Month, NewDay=Day, NewHr=Hr, NewMin=Min, NewSec=Sec, Year, Month, Day,
Hr, Min, Sec indicate the year, month, day, hour, min of the GPS time without data of making an uproar, second, NewYear, NewMonth, NewDay,
NewHr, NewMin, NewSec indicate the year, month, day, hour, min of the GPS time to reduction data, second.
9. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the mean value reducing method is as follows:
Wherein, μXIndicate mean value longitude and latitude, X indicates that same taxi includes in 15 seconds nothing data of making an uproar are corresponding every
A longitude and latitude, n indicate that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the number of the corresponding longitude and latitude of data
Amount；μVIndicate mean velocity, V indicates that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the corresponding each speed of data
Degree, m indicate that same taxi includes in 15 seconds the nothing is made an uproar the quantity of the corresponding speed of data；
First converting unit is also used to: the corresponding longitude and latitude of the GPS time to reduction data is converted to mean value warp
Latitude.
10. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the intermediate value reducing method is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate intermediate value speed, μVIndicate that mean velocity, p indicate the taxi number that the same section includes in 15 seconds
Amount.
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