CN109358367A - A kind of horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic fine granularing scalability method - Google Patents
A kind of horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic fine granularing scalability method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109358367A CN109358367A CN201811455632.1A CN201811455632A CN109358367A CN 109358367 A CN109358367 A CN 109358367A CN 201811455632 A CN201811455632 A CN 201811455632A CN 109358367 A CN109358367 A CN 109358367A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic fine granularing scalability methods: together with transmitting coil is co-axially mounted with array received coil, being fixed in an insulating cylinder, constitutes measuring probe；Measuring probe is horizontal positioned, and continuous moving measuring probe, XY positioning device records its coordinate on the ground, is uploaded to computer, records moving distance；Ground control module and power supply persistently provide electric flux to transmit circuit, it is continuous that transmitting logic is provided, transmit circuit moment emission current and voltge surge after receiving transmitting logic, transmitting coil continuously emits according to designed transmitting logic, at the same time, array received coil receives response wave shape according to the synchronization of transmitting simultaneously, the response wave shape that each receiving coil receives in array received coil is after receiving module, analog signal processing module, digital quantity is converted to through AD conversion module, computer is arrived in storage；The processing of computer response wave shape, obtains the conductivity interface on stratum.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the special technology fields of the underground ground of surface works construction early period and subsurface structure exploration, more specifically
Say, be to be related to a kind of horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic fine granularing scalability method.
Background technique
Existing transient electromagnetic exploitation method and instrument are longitudinally emitted using ground, i.e., transmitting coil is parallel to the ground, swashs
The magnetic field of hair is perpendicular to the ground, the mode (longitudinal pitch 0) that ground longitudinally receives；What this mode of excitation generated in the earth formation
Vortex be it is axisymmetric, the main conductivity for detecting transmitting coil understratum, excitation energy is bigger, and the depth of detection is deeper.
The radius for reducing transmitting and receiving coil, can reduce investigation depth, realizes the exploration of shallow-layer.The measurement of this method the result is that
The conductivity in water flooding planar circumferential direction below transmitting coil.The layering on stratum is usually horizontal, different stratum boundary
Face is parallel to the ground.The transient current of above-mentioned measurement method excitation only forms vortex in the horizontal plane of same formation conductivity,
It is superposition that Different Strata, which is formed by vortex, is equivalent to parallel way.Stratum is deeper, and the diameter of transient electromagnetic vortex is bigger,
I.e. smoke ring is bigger, and the region of measurement is bigger, and longitudinal resolution ratio is lower.It is unfavorable for high-resolution exploration, especially shallow-layer, due to
It is influenced by blind area caused by exciting, 20-50m can not implement effectively to explore.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings in the prior art, provides a kind of horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic
Fine granularing scalability method, the magnetic direction by changing transition excitation achieve the purpose that changing excitation is vortexed direction, makes electromagnetic induction
Vortex current vertical interface flowing, in this way, the information at interface appears in response wave shape especially difference in response wave to the maximum extent
In shape, show interface variation in such a way that peak value moves forward in difference in response waveform.Even if encountering strong shielding, ring
It answers difference still to be able to effectively show that conductivity interface changes, is met to efficiently solve existing transient electromagnetic exploration in shallow-layer
The low problem of the low precision that arrives, resolution ratio.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions.
Horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic fine granularing scalability method of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: together with transmitting coil is co-axially mounted with array received coil, stationary source away from and spacing, and be fixed on
In one insulating cylinder, measuring probe is constituted；
Step 2: measuring probe is horizontal positioned on the ground, parallel to the ground, horizontal continuity traverse measurement is popped one's head in, and XY is fixed
Position device records its X, Y coordinates, is uploaded to computer, records the moving distance of measuring probe；
Step 3: ground control module and power supply persistently provide electric flux to transmit circuit, it is continuous that transmitting logic, hair are provided
Transmit-receive radio road moment emission current and voltge surge after receiving transmitting logic, transmitting coil is according to designed transmitting logic
Continuous transmitting, at the same time, array received coil receive response wave shape according to the synchronization of transmitting simultaneously, each in array received coil
The response wave shape that a receiving coil receives is converted to after receiving module, analog signal processing module through AD conversion module
32 or 24 digital quantities, through ground control module and power storage into computer；
Step 4: being handled in a computer with processing module each receiving coil measured response waveform, obtain
The conductivity interface on stratum is obtained, method particularly includes:
(1) response wave shape of adjacent position measurement subtracts each other and removes garbage signal, remaining response difference signal foundation shape with
The conductivity interface on the variation identification stratum of measurement point；
(2) on the basis of the measured waveform of first measurement point, other measured waveforms subtract each other to obtain difference in response wave with it
Shape, the conductivity interface according to difference in response waveform shape identification stratum；
(3) modeling is combined to the difference in response waveform of array receiving coil, at the secondary field feature of vortex excitation
Reason, inverting Identification of Formation Conductivity Boundary；
(4) modeling processing directly is carried out to response wave shape.
Magnetic material column is placed inside the transmitting coil, each receiving coil inside in the array received coil is
Magnetic material column is placed, and the magnetic conductivity of receiving coil internal magnetic material column is greater than transmitting coil internal magnetic material column
Magnetic conductivity.
Compared with prior art, placing magnetic material in the transmitting coil that laterally high-precision is explored in the present invention can be substantially
Degree increases transient electromagnetic exciting power, and different response shapes are generated in measured stratum with two kinds of mode of excitation of turn-on and turn-off
The response and vortex of shape or type realize shallow-layer high-resolution by measuring the response wave shape excited again directly in response to field and vortex
The continuous measurement at rate formation resistivity interface, the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:
(1) present invention greatly increases the electromagnetic energy of transition excitation using the high magnetic permeability of magnetic core, uses internal magnetic core
Receiving coil greatly improve the sensitivity of receiving coil.The amplitude of useful signal is big, and signal-to-noise ratio is high, and measurement accuracy is able to
Guarantee.
(2) coaxial placement transmitting of the present invention and array received coil, the distance between fixed transmission and array received coil.
The information at different depth formation conductivity and its interface can be obtained away from reception using not homologous, it is not homologous away from array received
Waveform has also carried out multi-fold measurement to the conductivity interface on same depth stratum.
(3) induced current of the invention as caused by laterally disposed measurement method is vertical with the axis of probe, induced electricity
Stream immediately below probe be it is horizontal, deviate following location directly be it is inclined, have certain angle with horizontal interface, because
This, the continuity at interface and same induced electromotive force generate different electric currents in different conducting mediums, these converging informations
It has arrived in response wave shape.Make measurement more for Identification of Formation Conductivity Boundary.
(4) response that the vortex of electromagnetic induction of the present invention generates again can be carried out according to the Doll geometrical factor of half space
Analysis.And it is very successful according to the high resolution induction well logging that Doll geometrical factor is established, processing method has much can be with
It uses for reference in high-resolution exploration.
(5) blind zone problem of the present invention without ground tradition electromagnetic survey.
(6) present invention can be used for conductivity interface processing there are two types of information, and directly in response to the shape of waveform, vortex is again
The secondary response shape generated in receiving coil.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is measuring probe structure and arrangement mode schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the schematic illustration of horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic fine granularing scalability method of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Transient electromagnetic measure instrument loop construction schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 be Transient electromagnetic measure four sources away from original response waveform diagram；
Fig. 5 is bath scaled model experimental device schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the variation schematic diagram that water surface site changes corresponding difference in response waveform in the injecting process；
Fig. 7 is by obtained waveform diagram after the difference in response waveform smothing filtering in Fig. 6.
Appended drawing reference: 1 transmitting coil, 2 receiving coil arrays, 3 ground, 4 conductivity interfaces, 5 water tanks, 6 casings, 7 brackets.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic fine granularing scalability method of the invention is a kind of electricity of 20 to 100 meters of shallow-layers in underground
Resistance rate fine granularing scalability method responds shape by means of electromagnetic induction by carrying out high density measurement in the limited space in ground
With in response react formation conductivity difference time domain waveform difference shape, using the position of transient waveform maximum value with measurement point
Changing rule identify subsurface conductivity interface, realize high-precision explore.
Horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic fine granularing scalability method of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: together with transmitting coil is co-axially mounted with array received coil, stationary source away from and spacing, and be fixed on
In one insulating cylinder, measuring probe is constituted, as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, array received coil is made of several receiving coils.For
Increase transient electromagnetic transmission power, place magnetic material column inside the transmitting coil, to improve receiving sensitivity, the array
Magnetic material column, and the magnetic conductance of receiving coil internal magnetic material column are placed inside each receiving coil in receiving coil
Rate is greater than the magnetic conductivity of transmitting coil internal magnetic material column.
Step 2: as figure measuring probe is horizontal positioned on the ground, parallel to the ground, horizontal continuity traverse measurement probe,
XY positioning device records its X, Y coordinates, is uploaded to computer, records the moving distance of measuring probe.As shown in Figure 2.
Step 3: ground control module and power supply persistently provide electric flux to transmit circuit, it is continuous that transmitting logic, hair are provided
Transmit-receive radio road moment after receiving transmitting logic emits big electric current and voltge surge, and transmitting coil is according to designed transmitting
Logic continuously emits, and at the same time, array received coil receives response wave shape, array received coil according to the synchronization of transmitting simultaneously
In the response wave shape that receives of each receiving coil be filtered by receiving module, analog signal processing module, enhanced processing
After, 32 or 24 digital quantities are converted to through AD conversion module, pass through ground control module and power storage to computer
In, record deposit, display.
Step 4: being handled in a computer with processing module each receiving coil measured response waveform, obtain
The conductivity interface on stratum is obtained, method particularly includes:
(1) response wave shape of adjacent position measurement subtracts each other and removes garbage signal, remaining response difference signal foundation shape with
The conductivity interface on the variation identification stratum of measurement point.
(2) on the basis of the measured waveform of first measurement point, other measured waveforms subtract each other to obtain difference in response wave with it
Shape, the conductivity interface according to difference in response waveform shape identification stratum.
(3) modeling is combined to the difference in response waveform of array receiving coil, at the secondary field feature of vortex excitation
Reason, inverting Identification of Formation Conductivity Boundary.
Different from traditional transient electromagnetic exploration data roadmap, the waveform that the present invention measures can also utilize electromagnetism sense
The response for answering middle vortex to excite again is handled.In the waveform of actual measurement, in addition to also including in response directly in response to other than
Be vortexed the response that excites again, which is reaching maximum directly in response to changing fast position amplitude, with directly in response to
The change rate of time is directly proportional.The response generates in this way: directly in response to induced electromotive force generate electricity on conductive stratum
Stream (is known as being vortexed when electric current is connected to), which can generate induced electromotive force again.The conductivity on the electromotive force and stratum is at just
Than being used directly to the conductivity on measurement stratum in induction logging.Its with directly in response to difference be: directly in response to featuring
Physical Attenuation and phase shift of the transient electromagnetic signal in conductive formation, the decaying and phase shift are related with conductivity, electricity
Conductance is bigger, decays bigger, and phase shift is more, these features it is not homologous away from waveform in show as the shape of response wave shape
With source away from change.And the response amplitude of induced electromotive force and the conductivity on stratum are directly proportional again, phase in advance directly in response to
90 °, amplitude very little.
Due to the response amplitude very little again of transient electromagnetic, difference can not be intuitively found out in original response waveform,
Needing will be directly in response to removing.Remove directly in response to method be with same source away from being asked in two different location measured responses
Difference.The difference in response waveform is sensitiveer to conductivity interface.
(4) modeling processing directly is carried out to response wave shape.
As traditional transient electromagnetic exploration data roadmap, shallow-layer response mould is established according to existing sonde configuration
Type, calculate under the Model Condition it is not homologous away from response wave shape, waveform shape determines conductivity interface location according to response.It is this
Roadmap is similar to transient electromagnetic exploration, establishes forward model, the response of calculating and the response of actual measurement is compared, the two
Closer, then the model the close with actual formation.Only Transient electromagnetic response waveform shape of the invention and original ground wink
Becoming electromagnetic survey has bigger difference.In addition, the present invention has multiple array waveforms while measuring, reaction different depth stratum
Conductive features can carry out Combined Treatment.
Specific example
The present invention is different from existing ground transient electromagnetic exploration, and acquisition was begun to before the T-time, receives
Coil 1 starts to acquire after not emitting stopping certain time instead of to the received waveform of n institute, and transmitting just acquires before starting,
T milliseconds, shutdown T milliseconds, T milliseconds of reverse-conducting are connected in transmitting coil during this, reversely turn off T1 milliseconds of composition one acquisition
Process.Waveform collection process obtains whole response datas of this four excitations, is equivalent to connected four excitations, has for four times
Effect measurement.After one acquisition is completed, starts to emit at once and reception i.e. the two starts simultaneously at, carry out second and acquire, acquire
Process be it is continuous, Fig. 3 show a specific loop construction, and it is nearest receiving coil that T, which is transmitting coil, R1, and R4 is
Farthest receiving coil, R2 and R3 occupy the receiving coil of period.
Fig. 4 be according to T=60ms, it is original received by four receiving coils when the excitation of logic as T1=220ms
Response wave shape.Note that this waveform is that the measuring probe that transmitting coil and array received coil (after fixed) are constituted is placed in
(response wave shape) measured in steel pipe.The high conductivity and magnetic conductivity of steel have carried out very strong shielding to transient electromagnetic field, make to ring
Waveform is answered to become in this way.The position 60ms is the forward conduction moment in figure, nearest source away from response quickly reach maximum, it is other
Three sources away from response it is slow, reach the time of maximum than later.The position 120ms is positive shutdown moment, first source
Away from the same quickly variation of response (solid line), other three sources away from response then postpone to lag certain time after reach minimum
Value, the position 180ms is the reverse-conducting moment, similar response equally occurs, finally, 240ms is the reversed shutdown moment, thereafter
Response amplitude decay be deferred to 0 always, cross after 220ms and repeat the above process again.
Electrifying startup starts to measure later, then the above process just not stopped, and (period 400ms) is adopted whens waiting always
Sample.The information for densely recording measured stratum, carries out multiplicating measurement to measured region.
Fig. 5 is an experimental provision, and the measuring probe of transmitting coil and array received coil composition is placed in steel sleeve,
Outside puts on a water tank, toward the water filling of water tank the inside, forms a level of conductivity interface, with the progress of the injecting process, electricity
Conductance interface moves up.
The smooth line of left figure is the original waveform measured when covering pipe pre-support in Fig. 6, in the injecting process (intuitively
See) do not change.Waveform when waveform in the injecting process is subtracted no water is obtained with jagged difference in response waveform, the wave
For shape with the rising of the water surface, change in shape is bigger.The right is model equipment side view, intuitively indicates water surface site, left side figure
In position where each difference in response waveform be exactly the corresponding water surface site of right figure.Difference in response waveform is smoothly obtained into Fig. 7, from figure
In can be seen that from top to bottom, with the rising of the water surface, the outer conductor space of casing increases, and the shape of difference in response waveform has occurred
Great changes.
Note that this is in steel sleeve internal measurement, transient electromagnetic excitation response receives the high conductivity of casing and magnetic conductance
The shielding of rate and influence of fading.In ground survey, then without the shielding and influence of fading, difference in response can be more obvious.Difference in response
Waveform is caused by the water conduction below of interface, and shape changes with interface location, can identify interface location with the shape.
Although function and the course of work of the invention are described above in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention is not limited to
Above-mentioned concrete function and the course of work, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restrictive, ability
The those of ordinary skill in domain under the inspiration of the present invention, is not departing from present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection situation
Under, many forms can also be made, all of these belong to the protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic fine granularing scalability method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: together with transmitting coil is co-axially mounted with array received coil, stationary source away from and spacing, and be fixed on one
In insulating cylinder, measuring probe is constituted；
Step 2: measuring probe is horizontal positioned on the ground, and parallel to the ground, horizontal continuity traverse measurement probe, XY positioning dress
It sets and records its X, Y coordinates, be uploaded to computer, record the moving distance of measuring probe；
Step 3: ground control module and power supply persistently provide electric flux to transmit circuit, it is continuous that transmitting logic, transmitting electricity are provided
Road moment emission current and voltge surge, transmitting coil after receiving transmitting logic are continuous according to designed transmitting logic
Transmitting, at the same time, array received coil receive response wave shape simultaneously according to the synchronization of transmitting, each in array received coil to connect
The response wave shape that take-up circle receives after receiving module, analog signal processing module, through AD conversion module be converted to 32 or
The digital quantity that person is 24, through ground control module and power storage into computer；
Step 4: being handled in a computer with processing module each receiving coil measured response waveform, obtain ground
The conductivity interface of layer, method particularly includes:
(1) response wave shape of adjacent position measurement, which subtracts each other, removes garbage signal, and remaining response difference signal is according to shape with measurement
The conductivity interface on the variation identification stratum of point；
(2) on the basis of the measured waveform of first measurement point, other measured waveforms subtract each other to obtain difference in response waveform with it, according to
According to the conductivity interface on difference in response waveform shape identification stratum；
(3) modeling is combined to the difference in response waveform of array receiving coil, is handled using the secondary field feature of vortex excitation, instead
Drill Identification of Formation Conductivity Boundary；
(4) modeling processing directly is carried out to response wave shape.
2. horizontal moving shallow transient electromagnetic fine granularing scalability method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hair
It penetrates coil inside and places magnetic material column, place magnetic material inside each receiving coil in the array received coil
Column, and the magnetic conductivity of receiving coil internal magnetic material column is greater than the magnetic conductivity of transmitting coil internal magnetic material column.
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| CN110346841A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-18 | 北京华晖盛世能源技术股份有限公司 | A method of based on transient electromagnetic vortex field measurement formation conductivity distribution |
| CN110488358A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-22 | 清华大学 | Dynamic towards unexploded determines source convolution transient electromagnetic detecting instrument and its detection method |
| US11768058B2 (en) | 2019-08-23 | 2023-09-26 | Tsinghua University | Transient electromagnetic field detection apparatus having dynamic emission source in combination with static emission source and transient electromagnetic field detection method for discovering unexploded ordnance |
| US11774624B2 (en) | 2019-08-23 | 2023-10-03 | Tsinghua University | Method for discovering unexploded ordnance by detecting transient electromagnetic field in combination with magnetic field gradient |
| CN112394418A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-23 | 天津大学 | Near-surface transient electromagnetic induction high-resolution detection system |
| CN112379403A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-02-19 | 北京华晖探测科技股份有限公司 | Underground goaf detection method and system |
| CN112379403B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 北京华晖探测科技股份有限公司 | Detection method and system for underground goaf |
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