CN109358271A - A kind of insulator deterioration and filthy detection method based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology - Google Patents
A kind of insulator deterioration and filthy detection method based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN109358271A CN109358271A CN201811306632.5A CN201811306632A CN109358271A CN 109358271 A CN109358271 A CN 109358271A CN 201811306632 A CN201811306632 A CN 201811306632A CN 109358271 A CN109358271 A CN 109358271A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1218—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using optical methods; using charged particle, e.g. electron, beams or X-rays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
- G01R15/245—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices using magneto-optical modulators, e.g. based on the Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/14—Circuits therefor, e.g. for generating test voltages, sensing circuits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of insulator deterioration and filthy detection method based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology, it uses MEMS optical fiber low current sensor to construct filthy Faulty insulator detection system, judges insulator running state information by detecting insulator chain micro-current feature；Specific judgment method are as follows: when the micro-current passed through in the insulator chain of detection does not change substantially, i.e., insulator AC impedance is very big and does not change substantially, then judgement is when front insulator is well without generating filthy and deterioration；When micro-current increases in the insulator chain of detection, then judge that current insulator surface has accumulated in dunghill or insulator chain that there are Faulty insulators.The present invention realizes insulator chain heed contacted measure, greatly improves safety and the detection efficiency of the maintenance of insulator O&M.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to isolator detecting technical fields, such as extra high voltage direct current transmission line isolator detecting, extra-high voltage to hand over
Flow electric transmission line isolator detection, and in particular to a kind of insulator deterioration and filth based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology
Detection method.
Background technique
With the fast development of China's economic society, electricity needs is continuously increased.The insulator of high voltage transmission line road makes
Dosage is also increasing, while with the quickening of UHV transmission line engineering construction speed, the safe operation problem of insulator
Also it becomes increasingly conspicuous, how to find deterioration in time and contaminated insulator is current important topic.
The insulator run in overhead transmission line, because of the effects of being subjected to electromechanical load, solarization rainforest, cold and hot variation for a long time,
The insulation performance or mechanical performance decline that can make insulator, to generate deterioration or contaminated insulator.On high voltage transmission line road,
The deterioration of insulator and the filthy safe operation that directly threaten electric system.Therefore, to the quick and precisely inspection of insulator breakdown
It surveys, positioning, allows maintenance personal quickly to clear up faulty insulator, replace, ultra-high-tension power transmission line O&M can be dropped
Expense.
In the deterioration and filthy detection process of insulator, a big key technology is the standard of insulator deterioration and pollution level
Really, quickly, safety detection.It is currently mostly with spread voltage detection method, insulation resistance method and pulse current method etc. is typical
Electrical measurement method and with ultrasonic Detection Method, laser-Doppler vibratory drilling method and thermal infrared imager method etc. be representative non-electrical measure
Amount method.The working principle of above-mentioned various detection methods be utilized receive insulator occur in damage process electricity, sound, light,
The signals such as heat, and require sensor substantially in the detection method of electric signal and connected with insulator, exist certain
Security risk.Above-mentioned detection method there is also some problems to be solved simultaneously, such as detection working strength is larger, building ring
It border undesirable (some methods need to step on tower) and is affected by weather condition, that there are also measurement accuracy in addition to this is poor, detects work efficiency
It is low.Therefore, insulator scents a hidden danger in time there is an urgent need to a kind of accurate, quickly, safe diagnostic method, improves O&M effect
Rate.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current
The insulator of sensing technology deteriorates and filthy detection method.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of insulator deterioration and filthy detection method based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology, it is characterised in that:
Filthy Faulty insulator detection system is constructed using MEMS optical fiber low current sensor, by detecting insulator chain micro-current feature
Judge insulator running state information；Specific judgment method are as follows: when the micro-current passed through in the insulator chain of detection is not sent out substantially
Changing, i.e. insulator AC impedance are very big and do not change substantially, then it is well filthy without generating to work as front insulator for judgement
And deterioration；When micro-current increase in the insulator chain of detection, then judge that current insulator surface has accumulated dunghill or insulator
There are Faulty insulators in string.
Further, according to insulator chain electric current-magnetic field theory model, the micro-current flowed through in insulator chain and its are obtained
Magnetic induction intensity at certain neighbouring point is proportional, therefore directly detects insulator chain week using MEMS optical fiber low current sensor
The variation in magnetic field is enclosed, the size and variation characteristic of the micro-current passed through in insulator chain are obtained indirectly, to realize non-contact type
Insulator contamination and degradation in diagnosing insulation substring.
Wherein, the insulator chain electric current-magnetic field theory model foundation is as follows:
When the electric current in insulator chain is upward, the vertical paper of magnetic direction is inwards；Insulator chain axis upper end extended line
It is θ with upper extreme point and the angle for surveying magnetic dot line1；Insulator chain axis and lower extreme point and the angle for surveying magnetic dot line are θ2；Survey magnetic
The distance of point to insulator chain axis is r；Then magnetic around it is solved using Ampère circuital theorem and Biot-Savart law
, current-carrying conductor straight for endless is suitable for Ampère circuital theorem:For description current elements in space
, there is Biot-Savart law in the magnetic field excited at arbitrary point:
L is any closed curve in above-mentioned two formula；I is passes through the total current of enclosed curved surface；μ0For magnetic conductivity in vacuum；
In conjunction with Biot-Savart law and Ampère circuital theorem, around available finite length insulator chain at certain point
Magnetic induction intensity are as follows:By the formula it can be concluded that, the micro- electricity flowed through in insulator chain
It flows proportional with the magnetic induction intensity at its nearby certain point.
Further, by the detection to micro-current value size, the insulation status of insulator chain is accurately judged:
The extraneous factor for influencing measurement judgment accuracy is added while measuring insulator chain micro-current, using existing known related
The mathematical model that extraneous factor such as filth, humidity, temperature, snow and ice cover influence insulator chain micro-current value, passes through difference
Different external interference factors are assigned with the thought of different degrees of membership, the operation feelings of insulator are comprehensively considered using Fuzzy Set Theory
Condition is with the insulation status of finally determining insulator.
Further, the detection system utilizes fibre optical sensor networking, realize insulator deterioration and filthy positioning and
Line monitoring.
Further, insulator chain is equivalent to series-parallel circuit by the detection system, and one of insulator is equivalent to
Resistance and capacitor parallel with one another.
Further, deterioration is occurred merely by analysis and research insulator or the deterioration of filthy and insulator, filth is deposited simultaneously
When different situations under micro-current variation characteristic, establish insulator state analysis and calculation model, realize to insulator state mistake
Journey and the accurate detection for deteriorating form.Wherein, good insulation with pollution level increase, micro-current in insulator chain also with
Increase, and have certain linearity；Meanwhile micro-current and the humidity of air have certain relationship in insulator chain, it is wet
Degree, which increases its micro-current, also will increase；Likewise, insulator equivalent impedance is also reduced therewith when insulator individually deteriorates,
Micro-current increases.
The invention has the benefit that
1. realizing insulator deterioration and filthy detection using MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology, the micro- electricity of insulator chain is utilized
Stream feature judges insulator running state information；
2. realizing insulator chain heed contacted measure, the safety of insulator O&M maintenance is greatly improved, improves detection effect
Rate；
3. DATA REASONING precision is higher, introducing micro-current variable and measure criterion, monitoring means is reliable, optical fiber transmission signal,
Sensor reliability is higher；
4. fibre optical sensor networking can be carried out, realize to electric transmission line isolator full coverage type status real time monitor, positioning,
Reduce device systems construction and testing cost.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is charged insulating substring equivalent circuit diagram.
Fig. 2 is the leakage current in the different filthy situations of good insulation.
Fig. 3 is the leakage current in insulator chain at a piece of filth Faulty insulator different location.
Fig. 4 is insulator chain magnetic field theory model.
Fig. 5 is filthy Faulty insulator detection system schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
(1) the equivalent circuit feature for studying insulator chain in the case of being powered first, establishes analysis model.
High voltage power transmission road insulator is generally used that structure simple, high mechanical strength, ageing rate be low, can be after concatenation bunchiness
The cap and pin type suspension insulator used on the power transmission line of free voltage grade is composed, and equivalent circuit can use series-parallel circuit table
Show, as shown in Figure 1.It is a large amount of the experimental results showed that, normal insulation and inferior insulator, the insulator of dried and clean and filth
The impedance operator of wet insulator makes a big difference, and the AC impedance of normal insulation is very big, usually 60M Ω~
Between 90M Ω, maximum can be more than 100M Ω, but inferior insulator or surface are got dirty and moist insulator is due to its insulation
Media interior structure has been damaged or the change of surface resistivity, and ac impedance characteristic is compared with normal insulation
It is much smaller, show that the element in its equivalent circuit diagram is believed that the equivalent resistance of poor quality or insulator of getting dirty reduces, and
Equivalent capacitance value increases, and macroscopical presentation is the increase of micro-current.
(2) variation characteristic for analyzing micro-current in insulator deterioration or filthy different phase insulator chain, establishes micro-current
Analysis model.
When deterioration or filth occur for insulator, the direct common resistance value (impedance) for being characterized in insulator can change,
And the most direct characteristic quantity that insulator resistance value (impedance) variation influences is the micro-current in insulator chain.So no matter insulator is sent out
The deterioration of which kind of raw form, unified performance is the change of micro-current, occurs to deteriorate merely by analysis and research insulator or
Micro-current variation characteristic when the deterioration of filthy and insulator, filth exist simultaneously under different situations, it is established that insulator state point
Computation model is analysed, the accurate detection of form is realized to insulator state process and deteriorate.In practical situations, good insulation exists
Micro-current variation characteristic in the case of different filthy and different humidities, corresponding insulator chain micro-current are as shown in Figure 2.From figure
2 as can be seen that good insulation is with the increase of pollution level, and the micro-current in insulator chain also increases with it, and has certain
The linearity；Meanwhile micro-current and the humidity of air have certain relationship in insulator chain, humidity increases its micro-current and also can
Increase.Likewise, insulator equivalent impedance can be reduced therewith when insulator individually deteriorates, the increase of micro-current and absolutely
The degradation of edge has certain relationship.When having a Faulty insulator in insulator chain and in filthy situation, deterioration
The variation characteristic of micro-current of the insulator in insulator chain at different location is illustrated in fig. 3 shown below.As can be seen that in certain ring
When having the insulator of deterioration and filth under the conditions of border, in insulator chain, micro-current be will increase, and deterioration and contaminated insulator
The variation characteristic of micro-current is also different in insulator chain at different locations.Certainly there are a lot of other rings in practical situations
The influence of border factor, such as: temperature, air pressure, snow and ice cover, electrostatic field.Consider a variety of different actual application environments, passes through
Reasonable analysis model is designed, suitable insulator deterioration and pollution level and insulator chain micro-current variation relation are found.
(3) low-intensity magnetic field feature around insulator chain is studied.
Magnetic field analysis calculating around insulator chain is needed using Ampère circuital theorem, which is used in the electric current of steady
The magnetic field and.Insulator is applied mostly on the transmission line of electricity of alternating voltage, so what is ideally passed through in insulator chain is micro-
Electric current belongs to the alternating current of simple harmonic quantity, there is Maxwell equation:Harmonic Electric Field and magnetic field can indicate are as follows:It brings this two formula into above-mentioned Maxwell equation, it is bent to show that formula both sides are closed space
Line L integrate available:B ∝ I, i.e. the simple harmonic quantity electricity of single-frequency can be seen that by the formula
Flowing the magnetic field generated with it has certain linear relationship, therefore can regard the single-frequency alternating current passed through in its insulator chain as
Electrostatic, i.e. steady current.
(4) insulator chain micro-current-magnetic field mathematical relationship function is established.Insulator chain, which is equivalent to one, limit for length's constant current
Conductor, insulator chain magnetic field theory model are as shown in Figure 4.When the electric current in insulator chain is upward, the vertical paper of magnetic direction
Inwards；Insulator chain axis upper end extended line and upper extreme point and the angle for surveying magnetic dot line are θ1；Insulator chain axis and lower end
Point and the angle for surveying magnetic dot line are θ1；The distance for surveying magnetic dot to insulator chain axis is r1。
According to the electric current of insulator chain above-magnetic field theory model, asked using Ampère circuital theorem and Biot-Savart law
Its surrounding magnetic field is solved, current-carrying conductor straight for endless is suitable for Ampère circuital theorem:For description electricity
, there is Biot-Savart law in the magnetic field that stream member is excited at the arbitrary point of space:Above-mentioned two formula
Middle L is any closed curve；I is passes through the total current of enclosed curved surface；μ0For magnetic conductivity in vacuum.It is fixed that you is cut down in conjunction with Biot-Sa
Rule and Ampère circuital theorem, the magnetic induction intensity around available finite length insulator chain at certain point are as follows:At the micro-current flowed through in insulator chain it can be seen from the formula and its certain neighbouring point
Magnetic induction intensity it is proportional, therefore utilize the big of the neighbouring magnetic induction intensity at specified point of weak magnetic sensor detection insulator
Small and variation, can be obtained the variation characteristic of micro-current in insulator chain, and then be monitored to the deterioration condition of insulator.
(5) research and utilization MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensor-based system is to the skill that micro-current physical quantity measures in insulator chain
Art, the deterioration of exploitation insulator and filthy detection system.
Technical principle: when insulator is well without generating filthy and deterioration, AC impedance is very big and does not occur substantially
Variation, i.e., the micro-current passed through in insulator chain do not change substantially；When insulator surface has accumulated dunghill or insulator
There are when Faulty insulator in string, micro-current (leakage current) will increase.The reduction of poor insulator resistance value makes on normal insulation
The voltage got becomes larger, and corona pulse electric current increases.Meanwhile when insulator deterioration in long-string insulator and it is filthy to a certain extent
When, the flashover of insulator may be caused under certain external environment, it is special by the variation for measuring micro-current (Leakage Current)
Sign is to detect the state of insulator.
According to Ampere circuit law, the micro-current flowed through in insulator chain can generate magnetic induction intensity around insulator chain
B.Since its micro-current I flowed through increases when insulator deteriorates, therefore surrounding magnetic induction density B can also increase with it.
Principle based on MEMS optical fiber low current sensor is exactly the variation by directly detecting insulator chain surrounding magnetic field, is obtained indirectly
The size and variation characteristic of the micro-current passed through in insulator chain, it is exhausted in non-contact type diagnosing insulation substring so as to realize
Edge filth and degradation.Isolator detecting system principle is as shown in Figure 5.It, can also by the detection to micro-current value size
Accurately judged with the insulation status on insulator chain: some influences being added while measuring insulator chain micro-current and survey
The extraneous factor for measuring judgment accuracy, using existing known related extraneous factor such as filth, humidity, temperature, snow and ice cover
On the mathematical model that insulator chain micro-current value influences, by assigning different external interference factors respectively with the think of of different degrees of membership
Think, comprehensively considers the operating condition of insulator using Fuzzy Set Theory finally to determine the insulation status of insulator.In addition, should
System can use fibre optical sensor networking, data transmission quickly, it is reliable, and be expected to realize insulator deterioration and filthy positioning and
On-line monitoring.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.Those skilled in the art
It should be appreciated that the protection scope that the above embodiments do not limit the invention in any form, all to be obtained using modes such as equivalent replacements
The technical solution obtained, falls in protection scope of the present invention.
Part that the present invention does not relate to is the same as those in the prior art or can be realized by using the prior art.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of insulator deterioration and filthy detection method based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology, it is characterised in that: adopt
Filthy Faulty insulator detection system is constructed with MEMS optical fiber low current sensor, is sentenced by detecting insulator chain micro-current feature
Disconnected insulator running state information；Specific judgment method is as follows:
When the micro-current passed through in the insulator chain of detection does not change substantially, i.e. insulator AC impedance is very big and substantially not
It changes, then judgement is when front insulator is well without generating filthy and deterioration；
When micro-current increase in the insulator chain of detection, then judge that current insulator surface has accumulated in dunghill or insulator chain
There are Faulty insulators.
2. the insulator deterioration according to claim 1 based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology and filthy detection side
Method, it is characterised in that: according to insulator chain electric current-magnetic field theory model, show that the micro-current flowed through in insulator chain is attached with it
Magnetic induction intensity at certain nearly point is proportional, therefore is directly detected around insulator chain using MEMS optical fiber low current sensor
The variation in magnetic field, obtains the size and variation characteristic of the micro-current passed through in insulator chain indirectly, to realize that non-contact type is examined
Insulator contamination and degradation in disconnected insulator chain.
3. the insulator deterioration according to claim 2 based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology and filthy detection side
Method, it is characterised in that: the insulator chain electric current-magnetic field theory model foundation is as follows:
When the electric current in insulator chain is upward, the vertical paper of magnetic direction is inwards；Insulator chain axis upper end extended line and upper
Endpoint and the angle for surveying magnetic dot line are θ1；Insulator chain axis and lower extreme point and the angle for surveying magnetic dot line are θ2；Magnetic dot is surveyed to arrive
The distance of insulator chain axis is r；Then its surrounding magnetic field is solved using Ampère circuital theorem and Biot-Savart law, it is right
It is suitable for Ampère circuital theorem in the straight current-carrying conductor of endless:For description current elements in space arbitrary point
, there is Biot-Savart law in the magnetic field of place excitation:
L is any closed curve in above-mentioned two formula；I is passes through the total current of enclosed curved surface；μ0For magnetic conductivity in vacuum；
Magnetic in conjunction with Biot-Savart law and Ampère circuital theorem, around available finite length insulator chain at certain point
Induction are as follows:By the formula it can be concluded that, the micro-current that is flowed through in insulator chain with
Magnetic induction intensity near it at certain point is proportional.
4. the insulator deterioration according to claim 1 based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology and filthy detection side
Method, it is characterised in that: by the detection to micro-current value size, the insulation status of insulator chain is accurately judged:
The extraneous factor for influencing measurement judgment accuracy is added while measuring insulator chain micro-current, known is had outside the Pass using existing
The mathematical model that boundary's factor influences insulator chain micro-current value is subordinate to by assigning different external interference factors respectively with difference
The thought of degree comprehensively considers the operating condition of insulator using Fuzzy Set Theory finally to determine the insulation status of insulator.
5. the insulator deterioration according to claim 4 based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology and filthy detection side
Method, it is characterised in that: the external interference factor includes filth, humidity, temperature, snow and ice cover.
6. the insulator deterioration according to claim 1 based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology and filthy detection side
Method, it is characterised in that: the detection system utilizes fibre optical sensor networking, realizes insulator deterioration and filthy positioning and online prison
It surveys.
7. the insulator deterioration according to claim 1 based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology and filthy detection side
Method, it is characterised in that: insulator chain is equivalent to series-parallel circuit by the detection system, and one of insulator is equivalent to mutually
Resistance and capacitor in parallel.
8. the insulator deterioration according to claim 1 based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology and filthy detection side
Method, it is characterised in that: deterioration is occurred merely by analysis and research insulator or when filthy and insulator deteriorates, filth exists simultaneously
Micro-current variation characteristic under different situations, establishes insulator state analysis and calculation model, realize to insulator state process and
The accurate detection of deterioration form.
9. the insulator deterioration according to claim 8 based on MEMS optical fiber micro-current sensing technology and filthy detection side
Method, it is characterised in that: with the increase of pollution level, the micro-current in insulator chain also increases with it good insulation, and has
Certain linearity；Meanwhile micro-current and the humidity of air have certain relationship in insulator chain, humidity increases its micro-current
Also it will increase；Likewise, insulator equivalent impedance is also reduced therewith when insulator individually deteriorates, micro-current increases.
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| CN114200239A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 清华大学 | Method for online monitoring failure of insulator monomer in insulator string in power system |
| CN116399405A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-07-07 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Insulator string state diagnosis method and system based on multi-mode fusion perception |
| CN116399405B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-09-15 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Insulator string state diagnosis method and system based on multi-mode fusion perception |
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