CN109358110B - Array type electromagnetic multi-dimensional detection system for imaging internal defects of steel plate - Google Patents
Array type electromagnetic multi-dimensional detection system for imaging internal defects of steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005355 Hall effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002707 nanocrystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
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Abstract
The invention discloses an array type electromagnetic multi-dimensional detection system for imaging internal defects of a steel plate, which is characterized in that: the intelligent control system comprises a sensing head (1), a signal generation module (2), a power amplification module (3), a central control module (4), a communication module (5), a computer (6), a power supply module (7) and a motor driving module (8); the central control module (4) controls the signal generation module (2) to generate sine signals, the sine signals are amplified by the power amplification module (3) and then transmitted to the excitation coil in the sensing head (1), the steel plate is magnetized under the cooperation of the magnetic core, magnetic leakage information of defects is collected by the magnetic signal collection array in the sensing head (1), the magnetic leakage information is transmitted to the central control module (4) through an IIC protocol, the communication module (5) is controlled by the central control module (4) to be wirelessly transmitted to the computer (6), and the three-dimensional reconstruction of the defects is displayed on the computer (6) through an inversion algorithm. The invention has the advantages of high detection speed, high resolution and high accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides an array type electromagnetic multi-dimensional detection system for imaging internal defects of a steel plate, and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic detection.
Background
Steel is a material commonly used in industries and national economy, and is widely applied to various aspects of weaponry, bridges, railways and pipelines. The steel materials often have defects such as cracks in production and use, and detection of the defects is of great significance in ensuring reliable operation of equipment and life safety. The electromagnetic nondestructive testing technology is a nondestructive testing method which has been developed faster in recent years, and uses the electromagnetic performance change of materials as the judgment basis to detect defects and test performance of materials and components, and the basic principle is based on the theory of electromagnetism, including magnetic leakage, eddy current, magnetic memory detection and other methods. The uniformity characteristic of the permeability of the steel material is not suitable for large-area eddy current detection. In view of such a situation, it is necessary to design an array type detection system capable of detecting a steel material in a large area.
Based on the background, a detection system capable of rapidly detecting the internal defects of the steel plate and picking up multi-dimensional magnetic leakage signals is developed, so that defect imaging is more effectively performed, and the speed of detecting the defects of the steel plate and the accuracy of defect imaging are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an array type electromagnetic multi-dimensional detection system for imaging defects in a steel plate. The invention has the advantages of array scanning, high detection speed, multi-dimensional magnetic leakage signal pickup, comprehensive defect information and capability of defect imaging, and can be applied to detection of internal defects of ferromagnetic materials such as steel plates.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the array type electromagnetic multi-dimensional detection system for imaging the internal defects of the steel plate is characterized in that: the intelligent control system comprises a sensing head (1), a signal generation module (2), a power amplification module (3), a central control module (4), a communication module (5), a computer (6), a power supply module (7) and a motor driving module (8); the central control module (4) is connected with the signal generation module (2), the signal generation module (2) generates a low-frequency alternating current excitation signal, the signal generation module (2) is connected with the power amplification module (3), the power amplification module (3) can amplify the power of the low-frequency alternating current excitation signal, the power amplification module (3) is connected with the sensing head (1), the sensing head (1) is connected with the central control module (4), the central control module (4) is respectively connected with the communication module (5) and the motor driving module (8), the central control module (4) controls the communication module (5) to communicate with the computer (6), automation of the detection device is realized through controlling the motor driving module (8), and the power supply module (7) is respectively connected with the sensing head (1), the signal generation module (2), the power amplification module (3), the central control module (4), the communication module (5) and the motor driving module (8). The sensing head (1) consists of a magnetic core (9), an exciting coil (10), a magnetic signal acquisition array (11) and a sleeve (12); the exciting coil (10) is wound on the sleeve (12), and the sleeve (12) is sleeved on two poles of the magnetic core (9) to form a magnetizing device together; the low-frequency alternating current excitation signal transmitted by the power amplification module (3) generates a strong magnetic field under the combined action of the magnetic core (9) and the excitation coil (10), so that the tested test piece is saturated magnetized; the magnetic signal acquisition array (11) is formed by arranging 16 magnetic sensitive elements (13) in a line according to a side-by-side arrangement mode, the magnetic signal acquisition array is placed at the center of two magnetic poles of the magnetic core (9), the magnetic sensitive elements are parallel to a tested test piece, one surface of each magnetic sensitive element (13) is downward, the relative distance between each magnetic sensitive element and the tested test piece is 1 millimeter, the distance range between every two magnetic sensitive elements (13) is 0.5-1 millimeter, the magnetic sensitive elements (13) are three-dimensional magnetic sensors manufactured based on a Hall effect, the model number is TLV493D-A1B6, the magnetic signal acquisition array (11) can pick up multi-dimensional magnetic leakage signals of the tested test piece, the multi-dimensional magnetic leakage signals are transmitted to the central control module (4) through an IIC communication protocol, the central control module (4) controls the communication module (5) to wirelessly transmit the signals to the computer (6), and the multi-dimensional magnetic leakage signals of the tested test piece display three-dimensional reconstruction of defects on the computer (6) through a composition inversion algorithm.
The signal generation module (2) adopts a DDS technology to generate a low-frequency alternating-current excitation signal, the signal type is a sinusoidal signal, the signal frequency range is 5Hz-1000Hz, and the signal amplitude range is 1V-3V; the communication module (5) is a SIM7000C module based on NB-IOT/GPRS communication technology.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the central control module controls the signal generating module to generate a sine alternating current signal, and the signal is subjected to power amplification through the power amplifying module. The amplified signal is applied to the exciting coil, and the alternating electric field generates a magnetic field under the combined action of the coil and the magnetic core, and forms a magnetic loop with air and a tested sample. If the tested test piece is continuous and uniform, magnetic force lines in the material are restrained in the material, and almost no magnetic force lines penetrate out of the surface of the material. However, when a defect exists in the surface layer or the inside of the material, the magnetic permeability at the defect position is small, the magnetic resistance is large, magnetic force lines pass through the material with small magnetic resistance preferentially, when the material near the defect is difficult to accept larger magnetic flux, part of the magnetic force lines can overflow the test piece from the defect position, pass through the air above the defect and enter the test piece, and a leakage magnetic field is formed outside the test piece. The multi-dimensional magnetic field detection sensor based on the Hall effect can pick up information of the leakage magnetic fields with different dimensions, then the information of the leakage magnetic fields is transmitted to a computer, and a three-dimensional imaging graph of the defect is obtained through an inversion algorithm on the computer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the signal generation module and the power amplification module can be realized through integrated chips, so that the integration level of the system is increased. The sensor head adopts an array structure designed through parameterization, so that the detection speed can be obviously increased, the resolution ratio is improved, and the accuracy is increased. The three-dimensional magnetic sensor is adopted for picking up the leakage magnetic field signals, so that the information of the leakage magnetic field can be collected more comprehensively, and more accurate signal sources are provided for defect three-dimensional imaging. The detection frequency of the system is very low and is between 5Hz and 1000Hz, so that the problem of insufficient flaw detection depth caused by skin effect is effectively avoided. The detection device and the computer adopt an NB-IOT/GPRS wireless communication mode, a control signal is sent to the central control module through the computer, and the central control module controls the motor driving module, so that automatic detection of the steel plate is realized, and labor is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an array type electromagnetic multi-dimensional inspection system for imaging defects inside a steel sheet;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensor head of an array type electromagnetic multi-dimensional inspection system for imaging defects in a steel sheet;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic signal acquisition array of an array type electromagnetic multi-dimensional inspection system for imaging defects in steel sheets.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, an array electromagnetic multi-dimensional detection system for imaging defects in a steel plate is characterized in that: the intelligent control device comprises a sensing head (1), a signal generation module (2), a power amplification module (3), a central control module (4), a communication module (5), a computer (6), a power supply module (7) and a motor driving module (8). The central control module (4) is connected with the signal generation module (2), the control signal generation module (2) generates a low-frequency alternating current excitation signal, the signal generation module (2) is connected with the power amplification module (3), the power amplification module (3) can amplify the power of the low-frequency alternating current excitation signal, the power amplification module (3) is connected with the sensing head (1), the sensing head (1) is connected with the central control module (4), the central control module (4) is respectively connected with the communication module (5) and the motor driving module (8), the central control module (4) controls the communication module (5) to communicate with the computer (6), automation of the detection device is realized through controlling the motor driving module (8), and the power supply module (7) is respectively connected with the sensing head (1), the signal generation module (2), the power amplification module (3), the central control module (4), the communication module (5) and the motor driving module (8). The signal generation module (2) adopts a DDS technology to generate a low-frequency alternating current excitation signal, takes AD9833 as a main chip, generates a sine signal, has a signal frequency range of 5Hz-1000Hz and a signal amplitude range of 1V-3V. The signal amplifying module uses LM317 as a main chip to amplify the power of the signal. The communication module (5) is a SIM7000C module based on NB-IOT/GPRS communication technology.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the sensing head (1) is composed of a magnetic core (9), an exciting coil (10), a magnetic signal acquisition array (11) and a sleeve (12). The exciting coil (10) is wound on the sleeve (12), and the sleeve (12) is sleeved on two poles of the magnetic core (9) to form the magnetizing device together. The magnetic core (9) is C-shaped, the radian of the inner ring of the magnetic core is 270 degrees, the inner diameter of the magnetic core is 47.5 millimeters, the stacking thickness of the magnetic core is 10 millimeters, and the overall thickness of the magnetic core (9) is 60 millimeters. The iron-based nanocrystalline material for manufacturing the magnetic core (9) is tightly attached to the sleeve (12) and the magnetic core (9), and the attaching distance is smaller than 1 millimeter. The sleeve (12) is arranged at the two poles of the magnetic core (9) and is 3 cm away from the bottom of the magnetic yoke. The exciting coil (10) is a copper enameled wire, the wire diameter of the enameled wire is 0.49 mm, and each side is wound by 300 turns. The sleeve (12) is made in a 3D printing mode, the material of the sleeve is photosensitive resin, the radian of the inner ring of the sleeve (12) is 45 degrees, and the wall thickness is 1 millimeter. The magnetic signal acquisition array (11) is formed by arranging 16 magnetic sensitive elements (13) in a line according to a side-by-side arrangement mode, the magnetic signal acquisition array is placed at the center of two magnetic poles of the magnetic core (9), the magnetic sensitive elements are parallel to a tested test piece, one surface of each magnetic sensitive element (13) is downward, the relative distance between each magnetic sensitive element and the tested test piece is 1 millimeter, the distance range between every two magnetic sensitive elements (13) is 0.7 millimeter, the magnetic sensitive elements (13) are three-dimensional magnetic sensors manufactured based on a Hall effect, the model is TLV493D-A1B6, the magnetic signal acquisition array (11) can pick up multidimensional magnetic leakage signals of the tested test piece, the multidimensional magnetic leakage signals are transmitted to the central control module (4) through an IIC communication protocol consisting of an SDA data line and an SCL clock line, the central control module (4) controls the communication module (5) to wirelessly transmit the signals to the computer (6), and the multidimensional magnetic leakage signals of the tested test piece show three-dimensional reconstruction of defects on the computer (6) through an inversion algorithm.
Claims (2)
1. An array electromagnetic multi-dimensional detection system for imaging defects in a steel plate, which is characterized in that: the intelligent control system comprises a sensing head (1), a signal generation module (2), a power amplification module (3), a central control module (4), a communication module (5), a computer (6), a power supply module (7) and a motor driving module (8); the central control module (4) is connected with the signal generation module (2), the signal generation module (2) generates a low-frequency alternating current excitation signal, the signal generation module (2) is connected with the power amplification module (3), the power amplification module (3) can amplify the power of the low-frequency alternating current excitation signal, the power amplification module (3) is connected with the sensing head (1), the sensing head (1) is connected with the central control module (4), the central control module (4) is respectively connected with the communication module (5) and the motor driving module (8), the central control module (4) controls the communication module (5) to communicate with the computer (6), automation of the detection device is realized through controlling the motor driving module (8), and the power supply module (7) is respectively connected with the sensing head (1), the signal generation module (2), the power amplification module (3), the central control module (4), the communication module (5) and the motor driving module (8). The sensing head (1) consists of a magnetic core (9), an exciting coil (10), a magnetic signal acquisition array (11) and a sleeve (12); the exciting coil (10) is wound on the sleeve (12), and the sleeve (12) is sleeved on two poles of the magnetic core (9) to form a magnetizing device together; the low-frequency alternating current excitation signal transmitted by the power amplification module (3) generates a strong magnetic field under the combined action of the magnetic core (9) and the excitation coil (10), so that the tested test piece is saturated magnetized; the magnetic signal acquisition array (11) is formed by arranging 16 magnetic sensitive elements (13) in a line according to a side-by-side arrangement mode, the magnetic signal acquisition array is placed at the center of two magnetic poles of the magnetic core (9) and is parallel to a tested test piece, one surface of the magnetic sensitive elements (13) is downwards placed, the relative distance between the magnetic sensitive elements and the tested test piece is 1 millimeter, the distance range between every two magnetic sensitive elements (13) is 0.5-1 millimeter, the magnetic sensitive elements (13) are three-dimensional magnetic sensors manufactured based on a Hall effect, the model number is TLV493D-A1B6, the magnetic signal acquisition array (11) can pick up multi-dimensional magnetic leakage signals of the tested test piece, the multi-dimensional magnetic leakage signals are transmitted to the central control module (4) through an IIC communication protocol, the central control module (4) controls the communication module (5) to wirelessly transmit the signals to the computer (6), and the multi-dimensional magnetic leakage signals of the tested test piece show three-dimensional reconstruction of defects on the computer (6) through an inversion algorithm;
The three-dimensional magnetic sensor based on the Hall effect can pick up information of leakage magnetic fields with different dimensions; the leakage magnetic field is formed outside the test piece after part of magnetic force lines overflow the test piece from the defect part and pass through the air above the defect when the material near the defect is difficult to accept larger magnetic flux.
2. An arrayed electromagnetic multi-dimensional inspection system for imaging defects in steel sheet as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the signal generation module (2) adopts a DDS technology to generate a low-frequency alternating-current excitation signal, the signal type is a sinusoidal signal, the signal frequency range is 5Hz-1000Hz, and the signal amplitude range is 1V-3V; the communication module (5) is a SIM7000C module based on NB-IOT/GPRS communication technology.
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