CN109357960B - Service fatigue performance testing method and testing device for hydraulic reciprocating sealing element - Google Patents
Service fatigue performance testing method and testing device for hydraulic reciprocating sealing element Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a service fatigue performance test method and a test device of a hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, wherein the service fatigue performance test method comprises the following steps: the servo motor system provides variable load for the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic system is used for controlling the reciprocating motion of the test cylinder, and the temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of oil liquid, so that the simulation of the actual working condition of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is realized; the contact stress of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is measured by a fiber bragg grating strain sensor laid on the inner side of the piston guide sleeve, so that the service state of the sealing element is monitored; the fatigue failure probability of a hydraulic cylinder/piston seal load friction pair system is calculated, so that the fatigue failure state of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is analyzed and judged; the fatigue life test result of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under a specific service condition can be obtained through tests, and a basis is provided for the reliability design of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for testing service fatigue performance of a hydraulic reciprocating sealing element.
Background
The hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is an important element in a hydraulic cylinder and is widely applied to equipment such as aerospace, engineering machinery, automobiles, petrochemical industry, metallurgy and the like. In the actual service process of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in the hydraulic cylinder is subjected to the combined action of pre-compression stress, periodic alternating oil hydraulic pressure and friction force generated in the reciprocating motion process, is in a complex stress state, and is easy to cause fatigue failure under the long-term working condition. The consequence of this is not only leakage of the hydraulic cylinder, but also potential safety risks. Therefore, the fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under the service condition is researched, and the method has important significance for timely and accurately predicting the fatigue life of the sealing element and avoiding major accidents. However, the fatigue performance detection of the hydraulic reciprocating seal becomes a difficult problem due to the motion state and structural limitations of the hydraulic reciprocating seal.
During the cyclic reciprocating operation of the hydraulic cylinder, a pair of metal/polymer load friction pair systems are formed by the cylinder barrel and the piston seal of the hydraulic cylinder. According to the theory related to the friction fatigue science (reference: L.A. Soxhlet Frost (white Russia), high-Vandal. friction fatigue science [ M ]. Xuzhou: China mining university Press, 2013), the failure probability is an effective parameter reflecting the reliability of the system and judging the fatigue resistance of the friction pair system. In the sliding friction pair system of the cylinder barrel/piston seal, the piston seal is subjected to the comprehensive action of pre-compression stress, working medium pressure and the like and friction force generated in the reciprocating process, wherein the directions of the working medium pressure and the friction force are periodically changed along with the reciprocating motion, and the piston seal belongs to alternating load. Therefore, the fatigue failure of the cylinder/piston seal load friction pair system is a composite damage generated gradually due to the interaction of machinery and friction, and the problem of the wear-fatigue damage can be solved by a reliability-related theory of the friction pair system.
The research on the fatigue performance of the sealing element at the present stage is more focused on the research on the fatigue performance of the rubber material. The service life of the rubber material is predicted by using Miner's linear cumulative damage rule. The method comprises the steps that a variable amplitude load signal is applied to a dumbbell test column by a small adult on a fatigue testing machine to obtain the fatigue life of the test column, then the fatigue life of the dumbbell test column is predicted through a Miner linear criterion, and the result shows that the coincidence degree of the predicted life and the actually-measured life is higher within a double dispersion line (reference document: research on high-temperature fatigue test and modeling method of a rubber vibration isolator under variable amplitude load [ D ]. university of south China's rational engineering, 2016.). The fatigue life result obtained by prediction can find that the fatigue life result has a certain difference with the actual life, which shows that the Miner linear rule is unreliable for accurately predicting the fatigue life; meanwhile, the test is completed under the condition of loading a specific load, the fatigue failure process of the sealing element is often influenced by factors such as temperature, oil and the like, so the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under the actual working condition cannot be faithfully reflected, and the only reasonable and alternative scheme is to obtain the test result through a service-simulated fatigue test (the reference document: Abbe Sihaiwei (Netherlands), Wu schren, and other translations, the fatigue of the structure and the material [ M ]. Beijing: aviation industry publisher, 2014).
The device fixes a piston of a hydraulic cylinder, and uses an electro-hydraulic directional valve to change the hydraulic pressure force at two sides of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder to simulate the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic cylinder under the load action, so as to further obtain the fatigue life of the hydraulic cylinder (reference documents: Neoni forest, Liu Xiang Yang, Zhang Zhen Hua, Yi Shuai and Zhang Xiaojun). However, the test device does not consider the influence of the conditions such as the oil temperature and the reciprocating speed of the hydraulic cylinder in the actual movement process; a multifunctional hydraulic reciprocating seal fatigue life tester is designed for the people (reference document: xi is the people. multifunctional hydraulic reciprocating seal fatigue life tester [ P ]. Zhejiang: CN201974340U, 2011-09-14.), and can record various test parameters such as oil pressure, operation speed, oil temperature and the like of the hydraulic reciprocating seal in the operation process at one time, so as to provide accurate test data for seal experimenters. However, the testing device cannot accurately predict the fatigue failure of the hydraulic reciprocating seal in the operation process, and cannot obtain the fatigue life data of the seal through tests.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the testing method and the testing device for the service fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element are provided, the contact stress of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is measured by using a fiber grating sensor, the fatigue state of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is monitored by processing and analyzing data, and the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under a specific service condition is obtained through testing.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the invention provides a service fatigue performance testing device of a hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, which comprises a fiber grating strain sensor, a counter, a tension and pressure sensor, a ball screw, a servo motor, a servo driver, a data acquisition card, a PLC and a computer, wherein: the counter is fixed on the bracket by a screw and is connected with the data acquisition card by a data line; two ends of the tension pressure sensor are respectively connected with the ball screw sliding block and the piston rod; the servo motor is connected with the servo driver through a cable, and the output end of the servo driver is connected with the ball screw through a bolt; the input end of the servo driver is connected with the PLC; the data acquisition card is connected with the computer through a data line.
The service fatigue performance test device further comprises: the servo motor system provides variable load for the hydraulic cylinder; the two-position two-way proportional reversing valve and the displacement sensor realize closed-loop control of the reciprocating speed of the hydraulic cylinder; the three-position four-way proportional reversing valve and the displacement sensor realize closed-loop control of the reciprocating position of the hydraulic cylinder.
The servo motor system is used for loading an actually measured load spectrum, providing variable load for the hydraulic cylinder and accurately simulating the load state of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in the actual service process.
The hydraulic cylinder is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is divided into a left part and a right part, and a piston guide sleeve is divided into a front part and a rear part after being improved.
The ball screw converts the circumferential motion of the servo motor into the reciprocating motion of the sliding block.
The invention provides a service fatigue performance testing method of a hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, which comprises the following steps: and carrying out reciprocating motion control, reciprocating speed control, position control and temperature control according to set parameters, simulating specific service conditions of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element through experimental parameters, researching the fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, and obtaining the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under the specific service conditions through testing.
The method comprises the steps of monitoring the contact stress change of the bottom surface of a piston seal in real time by using a fiber bragg grating strain sensor laid on the inner side of a piston guide sleeve, transmitting data to a computer through a data acquisition card, calculating the fatigue failure probability of a hydraulic cylinder/piston seal load friction pair system through the computer, and comparing the calculation result with a set failure probability threshold value so as to judge the fatigue failure state of a hydraulic reciprocating sealing element; and recording the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in the service process by using a counter.
The method mainly utilizes a fiber bragg grating strain sensor laid on the inner side of a piston guide sleeve to monitor the contact stress change of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing piece in real time; counting the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element by using a counter; measuring load pressure in real time by using a pull pressure sensor; sensing data acquisition is carried out by using a data acquisition card; the PLC is used for controlling the servo motor to generate alternating load, variable load is provided for the hydraulic cylinder, and the load born by the hydraulic cylinder in the actual operation process is simulated; and recording and storing data by using a computer, calculating the fatigue failure probability of the hydraulic cylinder/piston seal load friction pair in the reciprocating motion process, and judging the fatigue failure state of the hydraulic reciprocating seal.
According to the method, the fiber bragg grating sensor laid at the bottom of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element measures the contact pressure data of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in real time, the computer processes and calculates the acquired data, the fatigue condition of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is monitored in real time, and the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is obtained accurately.
The invention relates to a service fatigue performance test device, wherein a fiber grating sensor consists of two fiber grating strain sensors and a fiber grating temperature sensor, the two fiber grating sensors are strain fiber grating sensors which are circumferentially laid along grooves positioned on the inner sides of a front guide sleeve and a rear guide sleeve; the temperature sensor is a fiber grating temperature sensor, is axially arranged in a groove on the inner side of the guide sleeve and is finally led out through a fiber leading inclined hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following main advantages:
the test device for testing the fatigue life is designed, can simulate the service conditions of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under different working conditions, tests the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under the specific service process condition, and is used for fatigue performance analysis and reliability design of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element.
The test device can provide variable load for the hydraulic cylinder through the servo motor according to a load spectrum under an actual service condition, and the ball screw is utilized to convert the circumferential motion of the servo motor into the linear motion of the sliding block, so that stable reciprocating speed is provided for the hydraulic cylinder. The opening size of the two-position two-way proportional reversing valve is adjusted by using a closed-loop control system consisting of the two-position two-way reversing valve, the displacement sensor and the PLC, so that the reciprocating speed of the movement of the hydraulic cylinder is controlled.
The test data is processed and analyzed using a computer programmed data processing program.
According to the theory related to the reliability of the metal/polymer load friction pair system in the friction fatigue science, the periodic strain borne by the metal piece is far smaller than the fatigue limit of the metal material, and the system failure is mainly concentrated on the polymer. In a hydraulic cylinder/reciprocating seal load friction pair system, a reciprocating seal can cause fatigue damage due to periodic tangential friction stress in the actual service process, so that the failure probability of the reciprocating seal is increased. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
τw: polymer contact stress (tangential friction);
CS: determining the shape of the mating part and the coefficient of the contact interaction mode of the mating part and the metal part in the friction process;
τtf (1): single thermal fluctuating stress, the stress that occurs in a polymer when the temperature changes by 1K;
τdlimit of polymer damage in friction load;
msparameter of mechanical non-uniformity (degree of defect) of the polymer;
Δ T: the temperature of the polymer changes.
The testing device provided by the invention can be used for monitoring the fatigue state of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in real time and accurately obtaining the service fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element. The contact stress signal of the tested hydraulic reciprocating sealing element can be acquired in real time by using the fiber bragg grating sensor laid on the inner side of the piston guide sleeve, the contact stress signal is transmitted to a computer by using a data acquisition card, the fatigue failure probability of the cylinder/piston sealing friction pair system is calculated, and the fatigue failure state of the tested hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is analyzed and judged according to the failure probability. When the fatigue failure probability value obtained by calculation reaches a set threshold value, a PLC sends out an instruction to stop the system from running, and the fatigue life of the tested hydraulic reciprocating sealing element can be obtained through a counter.
The fatigue state of the tested hydraulic reciprocating sealing element can be monitored in real time by using the fiber bragg grating sensor, and the fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under different material types, different structures and different working conditions is analyzed and researched.
The service fatigue performance testing device of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element can provide variable load for a hydraulic cylinder through the servo motor according to a load spectrum under actual service conditions, simulate the service conditions of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under different working conditions by controlling the change of the load, test the fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under specific service process conditions through tests, can be used for fatigue performance analysis and reliability design of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, and can solve the problem that the existing testing device and method cannot accurately predict and evaluate the fatigue failure of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in the service process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fatigue testing apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a reciprocating speed control closed loop.
FIG. 3 is a reciprocating position control closed loop.
FIG. 4 is a closed loop oil temperature control.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the piston structure.
In the figure: 1. the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, 2 parts of a filter, 3 parts of a hydraulic pump, 4 parts of a proportional overflow valve, 5 parts of a one-way valve, 6 parts of a two-position two-way proportional directional valve, 7 parts of a three-position four-way proportional directional valve, 8 parts of an oil pressure sensor, 9-1 parts of a fiber bragg grating strain sensor, 9-2 parts of a fiber bragg grating strain sensor, 9-3 parts of a fiber bragg grating temperature sensor, 10 parts of a hydraulic cylinder, 11 parts of a piston rod, 12 parts of a displacement sensor, 13 parts of a counter, 14 parts of a pull pressure sensor, 15 parts of a ball screw, 16 parts of a servo motor, 17 parts of a servo driver, 18 parts of a data acquisition card, 19 parts of a PLC, 20 parts of a computer, 21 parts of a temperature sensor, 22 parts of a cooler, 23 parts of a heater, 24 parts of a piston ring, 25 parts of an O-type sealing element, 27 parts of a Y-type sealing element, 28 parts of a guide ring, 29 parts of a rear guide sleeve, 30 parts of a key, 31 parts of a front guide sleeve, 32. and a hexagon socket screw 33. a lead.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention provides a service fatigue performance testing method of a hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, which comprises the following steps: the contact stress change of the bottom of the piston seal is monitored in real time by using an optical fiber grating strain sensor laid on the inner side of the piston guide sleeve, data is transmitted to a computer 20 through a data acquisition card 18, and the computer is used for calculating the fatigue failure probability of a hydraulic cylinder barrel/piston seal load friction pair system, so that the fatigue failure state of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is judged; and recording the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in the service process by using a counter.
The service environment of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is simulated by changing experimental parameters, and then the fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is researched by tests. In the test, the service environment of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is simulated mainly through reciprocating speed control, reciprocating motion control, load control and oil temperature control.
1. Controlling the reciprocating speed:
first, a reciprocating speed curve, a cycle time, and an initial pressure value of the relief valve are set in "test parameter setting" of the computer 20. The reciprocating motion of the piston rod 11 is realized by the PLC19, the starting hydraulic pump 3 and the oil passing through the one-way valve 5, the two-position two-way proportional reversing valve 6 and the three-position four-way reversing valve 7. The pull rope type displacement sensor 12 transmits a measured displacement signal to the data acquisition card 18, time derivation is carried out by the computer to obtain the movement speed of the piston rod 11, the computer compares the movement speed with a set speed to obtain a deviation signal, the signal is fed back to the two-position two-way proportional reversing valve 6 through the PLC, and the flow of the reversing valve is automatically adjusted to accurately control the speed. The computer, the displacement sensor and the proportional reversing valve form a closed-loop control system (figure 2) to ensure the constant reciprocating speed.
2. And (3) reciprocating motion control:
firstly, an oil liquid reversing period and a piston displacement curve are set in the experimental parameter setting of the computer 20, and the reversing of the three-position four-way reversing valve 7 is controlled by the PLC 19. The displacement sensor 12 transmits the measured displacement signal to the computer 20, the computer compares the measured displacement signal with the set piston displacement value to obtain a deviation signal, the deviation signal is fed back to the three-position four-way reversing valve 7 through the PLC, and the position of the piston is accurately controlled by adjusting the flow of the proportional reversing valve. The computer, the displacement sensor and the three-position four-way reversing valve form a closed-loop control system to ensure the position of the piston, and a closed-loop control loop of the closed-loop control system is shown in figure 3.
3. And (3) load control:
the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder needs to be controlled in order to simulate the service environment of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, but the oil pressure cannot be directly controlled in the actual test process. According to the theory related to the hydraulic system, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is determined by the external load, so that the change of the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder can be realized by controlling the change of the load.
First, the load pressure amplitude and the cycle time are set in the "experimental parameter setting" of the computer 20, and the servo driver 17 controls the torque of the servo motor 16 through the PLC 19. The tension and pressure sensor 14 transmits the measured signal to the computer 20 through the data acquisition card 18, and the stress state of the piston rod is monitored in real time through time images. Through the data acquisition card 18, the oil pressure sensor 8 laid in the hydraulic cylinder 10 transmits a pressure signal to the computer 20, and displays the change of the oil pressure in the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder in the operation process.
4. Controlling the temperature of oil liquid:
before the test is started, the temperature of the oil liquid needs to be quickly raised to a set temperature, at the moment, the PLC19 controls the heater 23 to work, the temperature sensor 21 monitors the temperature of the oil liquid in the oil tank in real time and displays the temperature on the computer 20, and when the temperature reaches the set lowest temperature value, the heater stops heating, and the system starts to work; along with the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic cylinder, the temperature of oil in the oil tank gradually rises, and when the temperature reaches the set maximum temperature value, the PLC controls the cooler 22 to radiate the heat of the system until the temperature is reduced to the set maximum temperature. The computer, the temperature sensor, the cooler and the heater form a temperature closed-loop control system, and a closed-loop control loop of the temperature closed-loop control system is shown in figure 4.
The invention provides a testing device for service fatigue performance of a hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, which is structurally shown in figure 1: the device comprises a computer 20, and an oil liquid pressure sensor 8, an optical fiber grating sensor 9, a pull rope type displacement sensor 12, a pull pressure sensor 14, a data acquisition card 18 and an oil liquid temperature sensor 21 which are connected with the computer by data lines, wherein the data acquisition card 18 transmits acquired data information to the computer 20, and the computer can calculate, display, analyze and control the data.
There is also provided a servo-motor system for providing a variable load to the hydraulic cylinder 10, comprising: the device comprises a tension and pressure sensor 14 arranged on a piston rod 11, a ball screw 15 arranged at the right end of the piston rod 11, a servo motor 16 connected with the ball screw 15, and a servo driver 17 respectively connected with the servo motor 16 and a PLC19 through data lines. The tension and pressure sensor 14 is used for monitoring the stability of the load in real time, and the PLC19 controls the operation of the servo motor 16.
The servo motor system can load the actually measured load spectrum, provide a variable load spectrum for the system, provide a variable load for the hydraulic cylinder 10 and accurately simulate the load state of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in the actual service process.
The hydraulic system is also provided for providing reciprocating motion for the piston, in the system, oil passes through an oil tank 1, a filter 2, a hydraulic pump 3, an overflow valve 4 for controlling oil pressure, a one-way valve 5, a two-position and four-way reversing valve 6 and a three-position and four-way reversing valve 7, and the change of the oil pressure of two cavities of the hydraulic cylinder is controlled; and an oil pressure sensor 8 arranged on the hydraulic cylinder 10 is used for monitoring the oil pressure of two cavities of the hydraulic cylinder in real time, and a pull rope type displacement sensor 12 connected with the left end of the piston rod 11 is used for monitoring the reciprocating motion of the piston. The other end of the pull-cord type displacement sensor 12 is connected with a fixed bracket installed on the bottom plate. The fixed support is provided with a counter 13 for recording the number of reciprocations of the piston. The counter 13 is provided with a data transmission line connected with the data acquisition card 18.
The fiber grating strain sensor 9 consists of fiber grating strain sensors 9-1 and 9-2 and a temperature sensor 9-3. The two fiber grating sensors 9-1 and 9-2 are strain type fiber grating sensors which are arranged along the inner side of the guide sleeve in the circumferential direction. The temperature sensor 9-3 adopts a fiber bragg grating temperature sensor, is axially arranged on the inner side of the guide sleeve and is finally led out through the fiber leading inclined hole.
The two-position two-way proportional reversing valve 6 and the pull rope type displacement sensor 12 are used for realizing closed-loop control of the reciprocating speed of the hydraulic cylinder.
The three-position four-way proportional reversing valve 7 and the pull rope type displacement sensor 12 are used for realizing closed-loop control of the reciprocating position of the hydraulic cylinder.
And a temperature sensor 21, a heater 23 and a cooler 22 which are arranged in the oil tank 1 and are used for realizing the temperature control of the oil.
The hydraulic cylinder 10 adopts a double-acting piston rod, wherein the piston rod 11 is divided into a left part and a right part, and a cylinder barrel is fixedly arranged on a bracket by a fastening bolt. The piston guide sleeve is divided into a front guide sleeve and a rear guide sleeve after being improved, the front guide sleeve 31 and the rear guide sleeve 29 are assembled in a back direction and are tightly connected together through a hexagon socket head cap screw 32, and synchronous reciprocating motion is realized through a key 30 and the piston rod 11. The front and rear guide sleeve grooves are provided with Y-shaped sealing elements 27 and guide rings 28. The fiber grating sensor lead 33 is led out through the piston rod 11 with the hole and is connected with the data acquisition card 18.
In the process of realizing the closed-loop control of the reciprocating speed of the hydraulic cylinder, the two-position two-way proportional directional valve adopts an electromagnetic proportional directional valve with internal feedback, is arranged between the hydraulic pump and the three-position four-way proportional directional valve and is fixed on a bottom plate by bolts. The displacement sensor adopts a pull rope type displacement sensor, is fixedly arranged on the bracket by an inner hexagon screw 32, and is connected with the left piston rod.
In the process of realizing the closed-loop control of the reciprocating of the hydraulic cylinder, the three-position four-way proportional directional valve adopts an electromagnetic proportional directional valve with internal feedback, is arranged between the hydraulic cylinder and the two-position two-way proportional directional valve, and is fixed on the bottom plate by screws. The displacement sensor adopts a pull rope type displacement sensor, the sensor is fixedly arranged on the bracket by a screw, and the pull rope is connected with the left piston rod.
In the process of realizing the reciprocating control of the hydraulic cylinder, the three-position four-way proportional reversing valve adopts an internal feedback electromagnetic proportional reversing valve, is arranged between the hydraulic cylinder and the two-position two-way proportional reversing valve, and is fixed on the bottom plate by a bolt. The displacement sensor adopts a pull rope type displacement sensor, the sensor is fixedly arranged on the bracket by a screw, and the pull rope is connected with the left piston rod.
The servo motor 16 is connected to the ball screw 15, and converts the circumferential motion of the servo motor into the reciprocating motion of the slider.
The oil tank 1 is used for providing hydraulic oil for a hydraulic system and is fixedly arranged on the rack through bolts.
The filter 2 is used for filtering oil liquid, ensures the purity of the oil liquid, is arranged between the oil tank and the hydraulic pump and is connected by an oil pipe.
The proportional overflow valve 4 is used for controlling and regulating the oil pressure of the system, is arranged between the oil tank and the hydraulic pump, and is fixed on the bottom plate by bolts.
The service fatigue performance testing device for the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is used for testing the service fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element.
After the fiber bragg grating strain sensor 9 is laid, a service fatigue performance test is carried out. In the test process, the signal acquisition card 18 transmits the fiber bragg grating strain signal to a computer program, the computer program converts the contact strain signal into a friction strain signal, calculates the current failure probability P by using a failure probability formula (1), reflects the calculation result on a computer screen, and when the computer program detects that the current probability value P is larger than the preset failure probability value P0And judging the fatigue failure of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, and stopping the system. The number of reciprocations of the hydraulic reciprocating seal is recorded by the counter 13 as a fatigue life value of the hydraulic reciprocating seal.
Through the embodiment, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the invention provides a service fatigue performance testing device of a hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, which mainly comprises the following structural components: the device comprises a fiber grating sensor 9, a counter 13, a tension and pressure sensor 14, a ball screw 15, a servo motor 16, a servo driver 17, a data acquisition card 18, a PLC19 and a computer 20. Wherein, the counter 13 is fixed on the bracket by a screw and is connected with the data acquisition card 18 by a data line; two ends of the tension pressure sensor 14 are respectively connected with the ball screw slide block and the piston rod 11; the servo motor 16 is connected with a servo driver 17 through a cable, and the output end of the servo motor is connected with the ball screw 15 through a bolt; the input end of the servo driver 17 is connected with the PLC 19; the data acquisition card 18 and the computer 20 are connected by a data line.
2. The invention provides a service fatigue performance test method of a hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, which can evaluate the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under a specific service condition. The method is characterized in that reciprocating motion control, reciprocating speed control, position control and temperature control are carried out according to set parameters, and the fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is researched by simulating the specific service conditions of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element through experimental parameters. The method mainly utilizes an optical fiber grating strain sensor 9 laid at the bottom of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element to monitor the contact stress change of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in real time; counting the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element by using a counter 13; measuring load pressure in real time by using the pull pressure sensor 14; sensing data acquisition is performed by using a data acquisition card 18; the PLC19 is used for controlling the servo motor 16 to generate alternating load, variable load is provided for the hydraulic cylinder, and the load born by the hydraulic cylinder in the actual operation process is simulated; and recording and storing data by using the computer 20, calculating the fatigue failure probability of the tested hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, and judging the fatigue failure state of the tested hydraulic reciprocating sealing element.
Claims (6)
1. The service fatigue performance test device of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is characterized by comprising a hydraulic cylinder, a fiber bragg grating strain sensor, a counter (13), a servo motor system, a data acquisition card (18), a PLC (19) and a computer (20), wherein the hydraulic cylinder comprises a piston rod and a piston guide sleeve connected with the piston rod; wherein: the counter (13) is fixed on the bracket by a screw and is connected with the data acquisition card (18) by a data line; two ends of the tension and pressure sensor (14) are respectively connected with the ball screw sliding block and the piston rod (11); the servo motor (16) is connected with the servo driver (17) through a cable, and the output end of the servo driver (17) is connected with the ball screw (15) through a bolt; the input end of the servo driver (17) is connected with the PLC (19); the data acquisition card (18) is connected with the computer (20) through a data line;
the servo motor system is used for loading a load spectrum which is actually measured, providing variable load for the hydraulic cylinder and accurately simulating the load state of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in the actual working process, and comprises a tension pressure sensor (14), a ball screw (15), a servo motor (16), a servo driver (17), a two-position two-way proportional reversing valve and a displacement sensor to realize closed-loop control of the reciprocating speed of the hydraulic cylinder, and a three-position four-way proportional reversing valve and the displacement sensor to realize closed-loop control of the reciprocating position of the hydraulic cylinder; the tension and pressure sensor (14) is used for monitoring the stability of the load in real time, and the PLC (19) controls the operation of the servo motor (16);
the ball screw (15) converts the circumferential motion of the servo motor into the reciprocating motion of the sliding block;
the contact stress change of the bottom surface of the piston seal is monitored in real time by using a fiber bragg grating strain sensor (9) laid on the inner side of the piston guide sleeve, data are transmitted to a computer (20) through a data acquisition card (18), the fatigue failure probability of a hydraulic cylinder/piston seal load friction pair system is calculated through the computer, and the calculation result is compared with a set failure probability threshold value, so that the fatigue failure state of the hydraulic reciprocating seal is judged; and recording the fatigue life of the sealing element in the service process by using a counter.
2. The service fatigue performance testing device of claim 1, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is divided into a left part and a right part, and the piston guide sleeve is divided into a front part and a rear part after being modified.
3. The service fatigue performance testing device of claim 2, further comprising a fiber grating temperature sensor (9-3) axially arranged in a groove inside the piston guide sleeve and finally led out through the fiber leading inclined hole; the fiber grating strain sensors are arranged along the circumferential direction of grooves on the inner sides of the front guide sleeve (31) and the rear guide sleeve (29).
4. The service fatigue performance test method of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device of claim 1 is adopted to simulate the service environment of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element by changing experimental parameters, then simulate the specific service condition of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element by the experimental parameters, study the fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element, and obtain the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element under the specific service condition through testing; in the test, the service environment of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element is simulated mainly through reciprocating speed control, reciprocating motion control, load control and oil temperature control;
the contact stress change of the bottom surface of the piston seal is monitored in real time by using a fiber bragg grating strain sensor (9) laid on the inner side of the piston guide sleeve, data are transmitted to a computer (20) through a data acquisition card (18), the fatigue failure probability of a hydraulic cylinder/piston seal load friction pair system is calculated through the computer, and the calculation result is compared with a set failure probability threshold value, so that the fatigue failure state of the hydraulic reciprocating seal is judged; and recording the fatigue life of the sealing element in the service process by using a counter.
5. The method for testing the service fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating seal according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method mainly utilizes a fiber bragg grating strain sensor (9) laid on the inner side of a piston guide sleeve to monitor the contact stress change of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element in real time; counting the fatigue life of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element by using a counter (13); measuring load pressure in real time by using a pull pressure sensor (14); sensing data acquisition is carried out by using a data acquisition card (18); the PLC (19) is used for controlling the servo motor (16) to generate alternating load, variable load is provided for the hydraulic cylinder, and the load born by the hydraulic cylinder in the actual operation process is simulated; and a computer (20) is used for recording and storing data, calculating the fatigue failure probability of the hydraulic cylinder/piston sealing load friction pair in the reciprocating motion process, and judging the fatigue failure state of the sealing element.
6. The method for testing the service fatigue performance of the hydraulic reciprocating seal according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fiber grating sensor laid at the bottom of the hydraulic reciprocating sealing element measures the contact pressure data of the sealing element in real time, and the computer (20) processes and calculates the acquired data, so that the fatigue condition of the sealing element is monitored in real time, and the fatigue life of the sealing element is obtained more accurately.
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