CN109355545B - Multi-principal-element alloy coating for cutting tool and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-principal-element alloy coating for cutting tool and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109355545B CN109355545B CN201811372664.5A CN201811372664A CN109355545B CN 109355545 B CN109355545 B CN 109355545B CN 201811372664 A CN201811372664 A CN 201811372664A CN 109355545 B CN109355545 B CN 109355545B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/06—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-principal-element alloy coating for a cutting tool and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of metal materials and preparation thereofxCoCuMnyNiZnzWherein x is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; y is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; z is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; 0.02 ≤ x/(x + y + z +3)<0.30；0.02≤y/(x+y+z+3)<0.30；0.02≤z/(x+y+z+3)<0.30. The components of the multi-principal-element high-entropy alloy material prepared by the method are consistent with the proportioning components of the raw materials; the alloy can be effectively combined with various base materials, and the requirements of different cutter performance changes can be met by finely adjusting the components and the structure of the multi-principal-element alloy according to the specific use condition of a workpiece; simple equipment, high production efficiency and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal materials and preparation thereof, in particular to a multi-principal-element alloy coating for a cutting tool and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The machine manufacturing industry is the material basis of national economy and social development and is an important mark for measuring the comprehensive strength of a country. Machining is an important component of the machine manufacturing industry. The high-speed cutting has the characteristics of high production efficiency, high machining precision, good surface quality and the like, is the development direction of cutting technology, and can be widely applied to the fields of automobiles, molds, machine tools and the like. However, for a long time, enterprises in China mainly purchase equipment, neglect the research and accumulation of basic theories and processing technologies, and influence the popularization and application of the high-speed cutting processing technology in China. Compared with the conventional cutting, the high-speed cutting has worse working condition, so the requirement standard of the cutter material is stricter, especially the requirements on high hardness, high wear resistance, tempering softening resistance, corrosion resistance and the like are stricter, and a novel high-performance alloy material is urgently needed to be searched or designed to meet the requirement of the cutter on the material performance under the high-speed cutting working condition.
The coating can be used as a chemical and thermal barrier between the cutter and a processed workpiece, so that chemical reaction and heat transfer are effectively reduced, and the cutter abrasion is greatly reduced. In addition, the coated tool substrate is subjected to less stress than an uncoated tool substrate, and micro-chipping of the cutting edge and accelerated wear rate are likely to occur. Meanwhile, the working temperature of the coated cutter is higher, the oxidation rate is reduced, the abrasion loss is correspondingly lower, and the maximum working temperature of the intermittent machining is higher than that of the continuous machining.
The multi-principal-element alloy breaks through the traditional alloy design concept, prepares a novel alloy material with a simple structure by using the multi-principal-element alloy with a nearly equal molar ratio, has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, high wear resistance, tempering resistance, and the like, and has unique advantages which are not possessed by the traditional alloy material. The novel multi-principal-element high-entropy alloy coating for the cutting tool is designed and prepared, and has important significance and wide market prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-principal-element alloy coating for a cutting tool and a preparation method thereof, which can achieve metallurgical bonding with various base materials by a plasma cladding method, and can meet the requirements of different tool performance changes by finely adjusting the components and the structure of the multi-principal-element alloy according to the specific use condition of a workpiece.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows: a multi-principal-element alloy coating for cutting tool, the chemical formula of the multi-principal-element alloy is AlxCoCuMnyNiZnzWherein x is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; y is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; z is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; 0.02 ≤ x/(x + y + z +3)<0.30；0.02≤y/(x+y+z+3)<0.30；0.02≤z/(x+y+z+3)<0.30。
The preparation method of the multi-principal-element alloy coating for the cutting tool comprises the following steps:
(1) according to AlxCoCuMnyNiZnzWeighing required pure metal powder according to a stoichiometric ratio, placing the metal powder into a ball milling tank, adding a stainless steel ball, and sealing the ball milling tank in a protective gas environment;
(2) placing the ball milling tank sealed in the step (1) on a planetary ball mill for mixing;
(3) taking the powder mixed in the step (2) as a reference, adding 97wt% of turpentine methanol and 3wt% of ethyl cellulose into the mixed powder to prepare paste, coating the paste mixed material on a substrate, and drying at 80-120 ℃;
(4) and (4) carrying out plasma cladding on the substrate coated with the mixed material in the step (3), and finishing cladding to obtain the multi-principal-element alloy coating.
The purity of the pure metal powder in the step (1) is higher than 99.5%.
And (2) the protective gas in the step (1) is argon or nitrogen.
The mixing speed of the ball mill in the step (2) is 30-100rpm, and the time is 0.5-6 h.
And (3) the matrix is one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, nickel and nickel alloy.
The plasma cladding current in the step (4) is 120-137A, the cladding voltage is 34V, and the plasma arc moving speed is 120-180 mm/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the components of the multi-principal-element high-entropy alloy material prepared by the method are consistent with the components of the raw materials in proportion, and the formed alloy has a simple structure; the alloy can be effectively combined with various base materials, and the requirements of different cutter performance changes can be met by finely adjusting the components and the structure of the multi-principal-element alloy according to the specific use condition of a workpiece; meanwhile, the preparation process and the production equipment are simple, the production efficiency is high, the cost is low, and the application range is wide.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of the multi-host alloy coating prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a multi-principal-element alloy coating for a cutting tool comprises the following steps:
according to the chemical formula AlCoCuMnNiZn0.1Respectively weighing 0.40mol of aluminum powder, cobalt powder, copper powder, manganese powder and nickel powder and 0.04mol of zinc powder, wherein the purity of each pure metal powder is higher than 99.5%; placing the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank, adding a proper amount of stainless steel balls, and sealing the ball milling tank with the raw materials in a nitrogen environment; placing the sealed ball milling tank on a planetary ball mill for mixing materials, wherein the mixing rotating speed is 50rpm, and the mixing time is 2 hours; adding 97wt% of turpentine methanol and 3wt% of ethyl cellulose into the uniformly mixed powder to prepare paste, prefabricating the paste on a substrate, and drying the paste at 90 ℃; carrying out plasma cladding on a base material prefabricated with raw materials, wherein the cladding current is 130A, the cladding voltage is 34V, the moving speed of a plasma arc is 160mm/min, and the required multi-principal-element alloy coating is prepared on the base after cladding is finished.
Example 2
A preparation method of a multi-principal-element alloy coating for a cutting tool comprises the following steps:
according to the chemical formula AlCoCuMn0.1NiZn, respectively weighing 0.40mol of aluminum powder, cobalt powder, copper powder, nickel powder and zinc powder and 0.04mol of manganese powder, wherein the purity of each pure metal powder is higher than 99.5%; placing the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank, adding a proper amount of stainless steel balls, and sealing the ball milling tank with the raw materials in a nitrogen environment; placing the sealed ball milling tank on a planetary ball mill for mixing materials, wherein the mixing rotating speed is 40rpm, and the mixing time is 4 hours; adding 97wt% of turpentine methanol and 3wt% of ethyl cellulose into the uniformly mixed powder to prepare paste, prefabricating the paste on a substrate, and drying the paste at 100 ℃; carrying out plasma cladding on a base material prefabricated with raw materials, wherein the cladding current is 125A, the cladding voltage is 34V, the moving speed of a plasma arc is 140mm/min, and the required multi-principal-element alloy coating is prepared on the base after cladding is finished.
Example 3
A preparation method of a multi-principal-element alloy coating for a cutting tool comprises the following steps:
according to the chemical formula Al0.10.04mol of aluminum powder and 0.40mol of cobalt powder, copper powder, manganese powder, nickel powder and zinc powder are respectively weighed by CoCuMnNiZn, and the purity of each pure metal powder is higher than 99.5%; placing the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank, adding a proper amount of stainless steel balls, and sealing the ball milling tank with the raw materials in a nitrogen environment; placing the sealed ball milling tank on a planetary ball mill for mixing materials, wherein the mixing rotating speed is 30rpm, and the mixing time is 6 hours; adding 97wt% of turpentine methanol and 3wt% of ethyl cellulose into the uniformly mixed powder to prepare paste, prefabricating the paste on a substrate, and drying the paste at 120 ℃; carrying out plasma cladding on a base material prefabricated with raw materials, wherein the cladding current is 120A, the cladding voltage is 34V, the moving speed of a plasma arc is 120mm/min, and the required multi-principal-element alloy coating is prepared on the base after cladding is finished.
Example 4
A preparation method of a multi-principal-element alloy coating for a cutting tool comprises the following steps:
according to the chemical formula Al1。30.52mol of aluminum powder and 0.40mol of cobalt powder, copper powder, manganese powder, nickel powder and zinc powder are respectively weighed by CoCuMnNiZn, and the purity of each pure metal powder is highAt 99.5%; placing the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank, adding a proper amount of stainless steel balls, and sealing the ball milling tank with the raw materials in a nitrogen environment; placing the sealed ball milling tank on a planetary ball mill for mixing materials, wherein the mixing rotating speed is 100rpm, and the mixing time is 0.5 h; adding 97wt% of turpentine methanol and 3wt% of ethyl cellulose into the uniformly mixed powder to prepare paste, prefabricating the paste on a substrate, and drying the paste at 80 ℃; carrying out plasma cladding on a base material prefabricated with raw materials, wherein the cladding current is 137A, the cladding voltage is 34V, the moving speed of a plasma arc is 180mm/min, and the required multi-principal-element alloy coating is prepared on the base after cladding is finished.
Example 5
A preparation method of a multi-principal-element alloy coating for a cutting tool comprises the following steps:
according to the chemical formula AlCoCuMn1。3Respectively weighing 0.40mol of aluminum powder, cobalt powder, copper powder, nickel powder and zinc powder and 0.52mol of manganese powder by NiZn, wherein the purity of each pure metal powder is higher than 99.5%; placing the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank, adding a proper amount of stainless steel balls, and sealing the ball milling tank with the raw materials in a nitrogen environment; placing the sealed ball milling tank on a planetary ball mill for mixing materials, wherein the mixing rotating speed is 50rpm, and the mixing time is 2 hours; adding 97wt% of turpentine methanol and 3wt% of ethyl cellulose into the uniformly mixed powder to prepare paste, prefabricating the paste on a substrate, and drying the paste at 100 ℃; carrying out plasma cladding on a base material prefabricated with raw materials, wherein the cladding current is 125A, the cladding voltage is 34V, the moving speed of a plasma arc is 120mm/min, and the required multi-principal-element alloy coating is prepared on the base after cladding is finished.
Example 6
A preparation method of a multi-principal-element alloy coating for a cutting tool comprises the following steps:
according to the chemical formula AlCoCuMnNiZn1。3Respectively weighing 0.40mol of aluminum powder, cobalt powder, copper powder, manganese powder and nickel powder and 0.52mol of zinc powder, wherein the purity of each pure metal powder is higher than 99.5%; placing the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank, adding a proper amount of stainless steel balls, and then placing the raw materials into the ball milling tank under an argon environmentSealing the ball milling tank containing the raw materials; placing the sealed ball milling tank on a planetary ball mill for mixing materials, wherein the mixing rotating speed is 60rpm, and the mixing time is 1 h; adding 97wt% of turpentine methanol and 3wt% of ethyl cellulose into the uniformly mixed powder to prepare paste, prefabricating the paste on a substrate, and drying the paste at 80 ℃; carrying out plasma cladding on a base material prefabricated with raw materials, wherein the cladding current is 130A, the cladding voltage is 34V, the moving speed of a plasma arc is 160mm/min, and the required multi-principal-element alloy coating is prepared on the base after cladding is finished.
Example 7
A preparation method of a multi-principal-element alloy coating for a cutting tool comprises the following steps:
respectively weighing 0.40mol of aluminum powder, cobalt powder, copper powder, manganese powder, nickel powder and zinc powder according to a chemical formula of AlCoCuMnNiZn, wherein the purity of each pure metal powder is higher than 99.5%; placing the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank, adding a proper amount of stainless steel balls, and sealing the ball milling tank with the raw materials in an argon environment; placing the sealed ball milling tank on a planetary ball mill for mixing materials, wherein the mixing rotating speed is 50rpm, and the mixing time is 2 hours; adding 97wt% of turpentine methanol and 3wt% of ethyl cellulose into the uniformly mixed powder to prepare paste, prefabricating the paste on a substrate, and drying the paste at 100 ℃; carrying out plasma cladding on a base material prefabricated with raw materials, wherein the cladding current is 125A, the cladding voltage is 34V, the moving speed of a plasma arc is 120mm/min, and the required multi-principal-element alloy coating is prepared on the base after cladding is finished.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-principal element alloy coating for a cutting tool, characterized in that: the chemical formula of the multi-principal element alloy is AlxCoCuMnyNiZnzWherein x is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; y is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; z is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; 0.02 ≤ x/(x + y + z +3)<0.30；0.02≤y/(x+y+z+3)<0.30；0.02≤z/(x+y+z+3)<0.30；
The preparation method of the multi-principal-element alloy coating for the cutting tool comprises the following steps:
(1) according to AlxCoCuMnyNiZnzWeighing required pure metal powder according to a stoichiometric ratio, placing the metal powder into a ball milling tank, adding a stainless steel ball, and sealing the ball milling tank in a protective gas environment;
(2) placing the ball milling tank sealed in the step (1) on a planetary ball mill for mixing;
(3) taking the powder mixed in the step (2) as a reference, adding 97wt% of turpentine methanol and 3wt% of ethyl cellulose into the mixed powder to prepare paste, coating the paste mixed material on a substrate, and drying at 80-120 ℃;
(4) and (4) carrying out plasma cladding on the substrate coated with the mixed material in the step (3), and finishing cladding to obtain the multi-principal-element alloy coating.
2. The multi-element alloy coating for cutting tools of claim 1, wherein: the purity of the pure metal powder is higher than 99.5%.
3. The multi-element alloy coating for cutting tools of claim 1, wherein: and (2) the protective gas in the step (1) is argon or nitrogen.
4. The multi-element alloy coating for cutting tools of claim 1, wherein: the mixing speed of the ball mill in the step (2) is 30-100rpm, and the time is 0.5-6 h.
5. The multi-element alloy coating for cutting tools of claim 1, wherein: and (3) the matrix is one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, nickel and nickel alloy.
6. The multi-element alloy coating for cutting tools of claim 1, wherein: the plasma cladding current in the step (4) is 120-137A, the cladding voltage is 34V, and the plasma arc moving speed is 120-180 mm/min.
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| CN102766797A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Multi-principal-element alloy |
| CN106893923A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-27 | 中原工学院 | A kind of cutter multi-principal elements alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106893920A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-27 | 中原工学院 | A kind of high-wearing feature multi-principal elements alloy cutter and preparation method thereof |
| CN108559993A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-09-21 | 中原工学院 | A kind of multi-principal elements alloy coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN108690982A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-23 | 中原工学院 | A kind of multi-principal elements alloy cutting tool coating and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CS151299B1 (en) * | 1971-07-08 | 1973-09-17 | ||
| US9169538B2 (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2015-10-27 | National Tsing Hua University | Alloy material with constant electrical resistivity, applications and method for producing the same |
| TWI595098B (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2017-08-11 | 國立清華大學 | High-entropy superalloy |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102766797A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Multi-principal-element alloy |
| CN106893923A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-27 | 中原工学院 | A kind of cutter multi-principal elements alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106893920A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-27 | 中原工学院 | A kind of high-wearing feature multi-principal elements alloy cutter and preparation method thereof |
| CN108559993A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-09-21 | 中原工学院 | A kind of multi-principal elements alloy coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN108690982A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-23 | 中原工学院 | A kind of multi-principal elements alloy cutting tool coating and preparation method thereof |
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