CN109352180A - A kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization - Google Patents
A kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization Download PDFInfo
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- CN109352180A CN109352180A CN201811489184.7A CN201811489184A CN109352180A CN 109352180 A CN109352180 A CN 109352180A CN 201811489184 A CN201811489184 A CN 201811489184A CN 109352180 A CN109352180 A CN 109352180A
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- gas
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- argon gas
- edge joint
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
Abstract
A kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization; it is related to process engineering field; the present invention for thin-walled fuel tank edge joint wide arc gap position be easy to appear collapse, weld leak the defects of and root of weld at transition not may cause cracking gently the problems such as; the present invention uses laser-arc hybrid welding in industry method; argon gas or argon gas/carbon dioxide mix gas are passed through to fuel tank internal before welding; start to weld after forming protective atmosphere; continue to be passed through protection gas in the welding process, determines protection air-flow amount according to the clearance conditions that fuel tank assembles.In the process, since there are certain pressures for back-protective gas, upward molten bath, cooperation optimizes laser-arc hybrid welding in industry technological parameter, weld seam bottom is made to generate upward recess, until larger part postwelding transition in gap is more gentle.The present invention is applied to oil tank of vehicle production field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound sealing methods of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization, belong to material processing work
Journey field.
Background technique
The thin-walled pressure vessels class product such as sump, diesel fuel tanks in weapons industry vehicle, structural member is mainly by 1.5mm-2mm's
Thin-walled low carbon steel plate welding equipment forms, and edge joint is the majority of splice form of its welding.The currently used welding side of thin-walled fuel tank
Method mainly has manual electric arc welding, argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG), CO2Gas shielded arc welding, gas metal-arc welding (MIG/MAG) etc..
But using traditional welding method to be easy to cause, welding deformation is big, unstable quality, welding stress control difficulty are big, weldquality
The problems such as being difficult to ensure with appearance consistency, and will appear welding seam leakage phenomenon once in a while in product use process.In recent years
Gradually develop the welding that connector is terminated using the methods of Laser Welding and Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding, gives full play to laser welding
The advantages of big fusion penetration, high speed, small deformation.
But laser welding is very high to the requirement of structural member assembly precision, for thin plate edge joint, it usually needs ensures laser
The stability of plate fitted closely with welding process in welding process.Patent CN201510990030.6 discloses a kind of thin plate end
Connector synchronizes the method for laser welding rolled, for compressing base material in real time in the welding process, reaches good welding effect.
However, since there are larger gaps at thin-walled fuel tank splicing position, especially in positions (such as Fig. 1 such as multiple component stitching portions, turnings
It is shown), and since structure and rigidity limit, merely using rolling wheel not can avoid corresponding site collapse, weld leak etc. it is scarce
It falls into.Even if the position is formed between weld seam bottom and base material since gap is larger using the method for laser-arc hybrid welding in industry
Sharp concave corners (as shown in Figure 2), base material stress in two sides expands outward during military service, is easy to form crackle and then edge at this
Melt run cracking.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for thin-walled fuel tank edge joint wide arc gap position be easy to appear collapse, weld leak the defects of and root of weld
The problems such as place's transition not may cause cracking gently, proposes a kind of compound soldering and sealing of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization
Method.
The present invention is directed to weld thin-walled fuel tank edge joint, using laser-arc hybrid welding in industry method, before welding to oil
It is passed through argon gas or argon gas/carbon dioxide mix gas inside case, starts to weld after forming protective atmosphere, continues to lead in the welding process
Enter to protect gas, determines protection air-flow amount according to the clearance conditions that fuel tank assembles.In the process, since there are one for back-protective gas
Constant-pressure, upward molten bath, cooperation optimization laser-arc hybrid welding in industry technological parameter make weld seam bottom generate upwards recessed
It falls into (as shown in Figure 3), until larger part postwelding transition in gap is more gentle.
A kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization of the invention, the preparation method be according to
What following steps carried out:
Step 1: being processed into required precision for the position to be welded of workpiece as needed, and to work pieces process after
Both side surface is polished or is cleaned；
Step 2: the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on welding tool setup；
Step 3: it is continually fed into argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas to inside workpiece before welding, is made inside it
Form protective atmosphere, wherein shield gas flow rate is 10L/min~50L/min；
Step 4: setting technological parameter, laser power are 500W~3kW, and defocusing amount is+5~+15mm, and arc current is
50A~100A, the protection gas of welding gun using argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate be 10L/min~
40L/min；Speed of welding is 0.8~3.5m/min；Above-mentioned parameter, once it is determined that, it is remained unchanged in welding process；
Step 5: during actual welding, welding condition is controlled using robot integrated system, while controlling electricity
The arc starting the arc and laser issue laser, then control robot and laser work head and welding gun associated movement is made to complete to weld
Journey；Be continually fed into argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas to area to be welded before welding in step 3, refer to by it is multiple to
After welding workpiece overlap joint, body structure is formed, argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas are continually fed into body structure.
The present invention mainly has following advantage compared to other edge joint welding modes:
1, compared to single laser welding, heat effect due to electric arc at rear can reduce weld seam inner air vent rate, welding wire
Weld seam is melted and filled, gap adaptability is improved, can be further improved speed of welding.Weld-fusion line extends and direction changes
Become, is conducive to prevent crack propagation.
2, compared to the method for laser welding rolled is synchronized, rolling wheel is overcome in the Reachability question at turning, stitching portion
(after the present invention is by being spliced into fuel tank body for workpiece, gas is passed through into cabinet, since cabinet has the position in gap, gas can
To produce by boasting from back of weld, and then solve the problems, such as this), effect same can produce for the welding at other positions, therefore optimize
Rear fuel tank integral solder can not use rolling wheel, and internal pressurising is implemented simple in contrast.
3, compared to the electric arc combined welding of common laser-, morphologic change at root of weld, transition is more gentle, in stress condition
Under can prevent welding toe stress from concentrating, so that crackle germinate from this, cracked, be also possible to prevent at root of weld generation heavy corrosion.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is fuel tank splicing construction schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is edge joint metallograph；
Fig. 3 is weld seam metamorphosis photo.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: a kind of compound soldering and sealing side of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization of present embodiment
Method, the preparation method follow the steps below:
Step 1: being processed into required precision for the position to be welded of workpiece as needed, and to work pieces process after
Both side surface is polished or is cleaned；
Step 2: the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on welding tool setup；
Step 3: it is continually fed into argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas to inside workpiece before welding, is made inside it
Form protective atmosphere, wherein shield gas flow rate is 10L/min~50L/min；
Step 4: setting technological parameter, laser power are 500W~3kW, and defocusing amount is+5~+15mm, and arc current is
50A~100A, the protection gas of welding gun using argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate be 10L/min~
40L/min；Speed of welding is 0.8~3.5m/min；Above-mentioned parameter, once it is determined that, it is remained unchanged in welding process；
Step 5: during actual welding, welding condition is controlled using robot integrated system, while controlling electricity
The arc starting the arc and laser issue laser, then control robot and laser work head and welding gun associated movement is made to complete to weld
Journey；
It is continually fed into argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas to area to be welded before welding in step 3, referring to will be more
After a welded workpiece overlap joint, body structure is formed, argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix are continually fed into body structure
Gas.
The compound soldering and sealing of present embodiment edge joint laser-electric arc, laser can use CO2Gas laser, YAG are solid
Body laser, semiconductor laser, wherein with using optical fiber transmission YAG solid state laser it is best because its more efficiently and
Environmental protection；Welding machine can use the TPS4000MIG/MAG welding machine of Fu Nisi company, current regulation scope 3-400A, and voltage is adjusted
Range is 14.2-34V；Pulse welding can be achieved according to demand.Other equipment include 1 KUKA robot, in welding process
The adjustment of technological parameter is realized by KUKA robotic programming.
Specific embodiment 2: illustrating present embodiment, present embodiment and one difference of specific embodiment in conjunction with figure
It is: laser CO2Gas laser, YAG solid state laser or semiconductor laser.
It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 3: present embodiment is with one difference of specific embodiment: welding machine uses
TPS4000MIG/MAG welding machine, current regulation scope 3-400A, voltage regulation limits 14.2-34V.
It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 4: present embodiment is with one difference of specific embodiment: the workpiece is 2mm thick
Stainless steel plate.
It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 5: present embodiment is with one difference of specific embodiment: the technological parameter of step 4:
Laser power is 1000W~2kW, and defocusing amount is+8~+10mm, and arc current is 70A~100A, and protection gas uses argon gas or argon
Gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate are 25L/min~40L/min；Speed of welding is 1.2~3.5m/min.
It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 6: present embodiment is with one difference of specific embodiment: the technological parameter of step 4:
Laser power is 500W~2kW, and defocusing amount is+5~+10mm, and arc current is 50A~100A, and protection gas uses argon gas or argon
Gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate are 25L/min~40L/min；Speed of welding is 1.2~3.5m/min.
It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 7: present embodiment is with one difference of specific embodiment: the technological parameter of step 4:
Laser power is 1000W~2kW, and defocusing amount is+5~+10mm, and arc current is 50A~100A, and protection gas uses argon gas or argon
Gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate are 30L/min~40L/min；Speed of welding is 1.5~3.5m/min.
It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 8: present embodiment is with one difference of specific embodiment: the technological parameter of step 4:
Laser power is 5000W~2kW, and defocusing amount is+8~+15mm, and arc current is 70A~100A, and protection gas uses argon gas or argon
Gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate are 30L/min~40L/min；Speed of welding is 1.5~3.5m/min.
It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 9: present embodiment is with one difference of specific embodiment: the technological parameter of step 4:
Laser power is 1kW~2W, and defocusing amount is+10~+15mm, and arc current is 50A~100A, and protection gas uses argon gas or argon gas
With carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate is 10L/min~25L/min；Speed of welding is 2.0~3.5m/min.
It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 10: present embodiment is with one difference of specific embodiment: the technological parameter of step 4:
Laser power is 1.5kW~2W, and defocusing amount is+10~+15mm, and arc current is 50A~100A, and protection gas uses argon gas or argon
Gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate are 10L/min~25L/min；Speed of welding is 1.0~3.5m/min.
It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
The content of present invention is not limited only to the content of the respective embodiments described above, the group of one of them or several specific embodiments
The purpose of invention also may be implemented in contract sample.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by following embodiment:
It is utilized respectively the electric arc combined welding of single Laser Welding, conventional laser-and the method for the present invention welding 2mm thickness edge joint
Compare experiment.
Embodiment 1
The stainless steel plate edge joint of 2mm thickness is welded using method of the invention, specific experimental method is as follows:
Step 1: being processed into required precision for the position to be welded of workpiece as needed, and to work pieces process after
Both side surface is polished or is cleaned；
Step 2: the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on welding tool setup；
Step 3: argon gas or argon gas/carbon dioxide mix gas one are passed through to fuel tank internal to larger pressure before welding
Fix time, make its it is internal form protective atmosphere, be continually fed into the protective gas of smaller flow after ready, gas flow according to
Fit-up gap is adjusted to 20L/min.
Step 4: setting technological parameter, laser power 2kW, defocusing amount are+10mm, arc current 50A, protect gas
Using argon gas, shield gas flow rate 25L/min；Speed of welding is 1.2m/min；Above-mentioned parameter, once it is determined that, welding process
In remain unchanged；
Step 5: during actual welding, welding condition is controlled using robot integrated system, while controlling electricity
The arc starting the arc and laser issue laser, then control robot and laser work head and welding gun associated movement is made to complete to weld
Journey.
Embodiment 2
The edge joint of 2mm thickness is welded using single Laser Welding, specific experimental method is as follows:
Step 1: being processed into required precision for the position to be welded of workpiece as needed, and to work pieces process after
Both side surface is polished or is cleaned；
Step 2: the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on welding tool setup；
Step 3: setting technological parameter, according to the thickness of material to be processed, laser power is generally 2500W, and defocusing amount is
+10mm；Gas is protected to use argon gas, shield gas flow rate 25L/min；Speed of welding is 1.2m/min；Above-mentioned parameter, once really
It is fixed, it is remained unchanged in welding process；
Step 4: opening laser power supply, starts laser welding control system, implements welding；
Embodiment 3
The edge joint of 2mm thickness is welded using the electric arc combined weldering of conventional laser-, specific experimental method is as follows:
Step 1: being processed into required precision for the position to be welded of workpiece as needed, and to work pieces process after
Both side surface is polished or is cleaned；
Step 2: the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on welding tool setup；
Step 3: setting technological parameter, laser power 2kW, defocusing amount are+10mm, arc current 50A, protect gas
Using argon gas, shield gas flow rate 25L/min；Speed of welding is 1.2m/min；Above-mentioned parameter, once it is determined that, welding process
In remain unchanged；
Step 4: during actual welding, welding condition is controlled using robot integrated system, while controlling electricity
The arc starting the arc and laser issue laser, then control robot and laser work head and welding gun associated movement is made to complete to weld
Journey.
Test specimen middle section is cut into the tensile sample of width 10mm by postwelding, and each test specimen samples 3, using Shimadzu electricity
Sub- universal testing machine AGX-plus 20kN/5kN carries out tension test to sample, its tensile strength average value is calculated, such as 1 institute of table
Show.10.2% is improved compared to single Laser Welding using tensile strength after laser-arc hybrid welding in industry, and after using this method optimization
It can further improve 6.8%.
1 distinct methods welding point tensile strength of table
Claims (10)
1. a kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization, it is characterised in that the preparation method be according to
What following steps carried out:
Step 1: the position to be welded of workpiece is processed into required precision as needed, and to the two sides after work pieces process
Surface is polished or is cleaned；
Step 2: the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on welding tool setup；
Step 3: being continually fed into argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas to area to be welded before welding, forms protective atmosphere,
Wherein, shield gas flow rate is 10L/min~50L/min；
Step 4: setting technological parameter, laser power be 500W~3kW, defocusing amount be+5~+15mm, arc current be 50A~
100A, for the protection gas of welding gun using argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate is 10L/min~40L/
min；Speed of welding is 0.8~3.5m/min；Above-mentioned parameter, once it is determined that, it is remained unchanged in welding process；
Step 5: during actual welding, welding condition is controlled using robot integrated system, while controlling electric arc and rising
Arc and laser issue laser, then control robot and laser work head and welding gun associated movement is made to complete welding process；
Be continually fed into argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas to area to be welded before welding in step 3, refer to by it is multiple to
After welding workpiece overlap joint, body structure is formed, argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas are continually fed into body structure.
2. a kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization according to claim 1, feature exist
In laser be CO2Gas laser, YAG solid state laser or semiconductor laser.
3. a kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization according to claim 1, feature exist
TPS4000MIG/MAG welding machine, current regulation scope 3-400A, voltage regulation limits 14.2-34V are used in welding machine.
4. a kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization according to claim 1, feature exist
In the workpiece be 2mm thickness stainless steel plate.
5. a kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization according to claim 1, feature exist
In the technological parameter of step 4: laser power be 1000W~2kW, defocusing amount be+8~+10mm, arc current be 70A~
100A, for protection gas using argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate is 25L/min~40L/min；Welding
Speed is 1.2~3.5m/min.
6. a kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization according to claim 1, feature exist
In the technological parameter of step 4: laser power is 500W~2kW, and defocusing amount is+5~+10mm, and arc current is 50A~100A,
Protect gas using argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate is 25L/min~40L/min；Speed of welding
For 1.2~3.5m/min.
7. a kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization according to claim 1, feature exist
In the technological parameter of step 4: laser power be 1000W~2kW, defocusing amount be+5~+10mm, arc current be 50A~
100A, for protection gas using argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate is 30L/min~40L/min；Welding
Speed is 1.5~3.5m/min.
8. a kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization according to claim 1, feature exist
In the technological parameter of step 4: laser power be 5000W~2kW, defocusing amount be+8~+15mm, arc current be 70A~
100A, for protection gas using argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate is 30L/min~40L/min；Welding
Speed is 1.5~3.5m/min.
9. a kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization according to claim 1, feature exist
In the technological parameter of step 4: laser power is 1kW~2W, and defocusing amount is+10~+15mm, and arc current is 50A~100A,
Protect gas using argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate is 10L/min~25L/min；Speed of welding
For 2.0~3.5m/min.
10. a kind of compound sealing method of edge joint laser-electric arc of internal pressurization according to claim 1, feature
Be the technological parameter of step 4: laser power is 1.5kW~2W, and defocusing amount is+10~+15mm, arc current be 50A~
100A, for protection gas using argon gas or argon gas and carbon dioxide mix gas, shield gas flow rate is 10L/min~25L/min；Welding
Speed is 1.0~3.5m/min.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111014952A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Welding method of cold-rolled 25# steel solid laser welding machine |
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| CN106513997A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-03-22 | 机械科学研究总院青岛分院 | Megawatt-grade high-speed rail accumulator box laser-arc composite welding method |
| CN107999962A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of method for laser welding of double CMT/ mariages CMT auxiliary |
| CN108015421A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-11 | 上海思客琦自动化工程有限公司 | A kind of welding procedure of electrical switchgear aluminium alloy box |
Cited By (1)
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| CN111014952A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Welding method of cold-rolled 25# steel solid laser welding machine |
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