CN109352054B - Gear milling cutter with self-cooling lubricating structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a gear milling cutter with a self-cooling and lubricating structure. It includes a tool holder, a gear milling cutter body and a milling cutter blade; there are multiple milling cutter blades, which are respectively installed on the teeth of the gear milling cutter body; it also includes a cooling lubricating fluid main channel and a plurality of cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary channels; The number of cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary channels is the same as the number of the milling cutter blades; the cooling lubricating fluid main channel is arranged in the tool holder along the axial direction; a plurality of cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary channels are evenly arranged in the gear milling cutter body along the circumference, And each cooling lubricating fluid secondary channel inlet is vertically connected with the cooling lubricating fluid primary channel, and each cooling lubricating fluid secondary channel outlet faces the milling cutter blade; the gear milling cutter body, the cooling lubricating fluid primary channel and the cooling lubricating fluid secondary flow Roads are processed by 3D printing. The gear milling cutter can not only make the cooling lubricating fluid act on the machining area uniformly, but also has a remarkable cooling effect and low cooling cost.

Description

A gear milling cutter with self-cooling and lubricating structure

technical field

The invention relates to a machining tool, in particular to a gear milling cutter with a self-cooling and lubricating structure.

Background technique

The cutting process is mainly divided into: turning, drilling, milling, boring and grinding according to the processing type;

Turning refers to the use of the rotary motion of the workpiece and the linear or curvilinear motion of the tool to change the shape and size of the blank; drilling refers to the process of using the tool to machine holes on the workpiece; milling refers to fixing the blank and using rotating The cutting tool moves on the blank to cut the workpiece into the required shape and size; boring is a cutting process in which a tool is used to enlarge a hole or other circular contour; grinding refers to the processing method of removing excess material from the workpiece with abrasives , which belongs to the finishing of mechanical processing;

Gear transmission refers to a device that transmits motion and power by gear pairs. It is the most widely used mechanical transmission method in various modern equipment. It has relatively accurate transmission, high efficiency, compact structure, reliable operation and long service life. As the core component of gear transmission, the manufacturing accuracy of gears seriously affects the efficiency and results of gear transmission. Therefore, the machining accuracy of gears is often required to be high, and the machining quality of gears will also affect the service life of gears.

The main methods of gear processing include: milling, forming, grinding, hobbing, shaving and shaping. The milling teeth are processed by the disc-shaped module milling cutter or the finger milling cutter. Machining is divided into dry machining and wet machining. Dry machining often affects the service life of the tool due to the influence of the machining temperature. The wet machining method uses a large amount of lubricating fluid to be poured into the machining area to realize the difference between the tool and the machined area. Lubrication and cooling to improve machining quality and tool life. However, this kind of lubrication and cooling method will cause various processing areas where the lubricating fluid cannot be uniformly cooled. In addition, a large amount of lubricating fluid will have an impact on the ecological environment and the health of operators, and will lead to increased processing costs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems in the background art, the present invention provides a gear milling cutter with a self-cooling lubricating structure, which can uniformly act on the machining area with cooling lubricating fluid, has remarkable cooling effect and low cooling cost.

The basic principle of the present invention is:

The present invention is based on 3D printing technology. In the process of milling teeth, the main channel of cooling lubricating fluid and a plurality of secondary channels of cooling lubricating fluid are respectively manufactured inside the tool holder and the gear milling cutter body, so as to ensure that the cutting edge can be guaranteed in the cutting edge process. It can be processed at a suitable temperature, and at the same time, the cooling efficiency of the milling cutter during the milling process is greatly improved.

The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:

The invention provides a gear milling cutter with a self-cooling and lubricating structure, comprising a tool handle, a gear milling cutter body and a milling cutter blade; the milling cutter blades are multiple, and are respectively installed on the tooth parts of the gear milling cutter body;

The improvements are:

It also includes the main flow channel of cooling lubricating liquid and a plurality of auxiliary flow channels of cooling lubricating liquid; the number of auxiliary flow channels of cooling lubricating liquid is consistent with the number of the milling cutter blades;

The main channel of cooling lubricating fluid is axially arranged in the tool holder and the gear milling cutter body;

A plurality of secondary cooling and lubricating fluid channels are evenly arranged in the gear milling cutter body along the circumference, and the inlet of each secondary cooling and lubricating fluid channel is vertically connected with the primary channel of cooling and lubricating fluid, and the outlet of each secondary cooling and lubricating fluid channel faces toward milling cutter blade;

The tool holder, the gear milling cutter body, the main flow channel of the cooling lubricating liquid and the auxiliary flow channel of the cooling lubricating liquid are all integrally formed by 3D printing.

In order to improve the uniformity of the cooling lubricating liquid flowing out from each secondary cooling lubricating liquid channel, the gear milling cutter is also provided with a temporary storage area for the cooling lubricating liquid; The base body is provided with a plurality of pores connecting from its center to the entire outer surface, and the plurality of pores connect the cooling lubricating liquid main channel and the cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channels; the base body is formed by 3D printing, and the material of the base body is Consistent with the material of the gear milling cutter body or shank.

Further, due to the influence of 3D printing technology, in order to satisfy the smooth lubrication flow channel, the diameter of the cooling and lubrication main flow channel is 1mm-1.2mm, the diameter of the cooling and lubrication auxiliary flow channel is 0.5mm to 0.75mm, and the diameter of the pores is smaller than the cooling and lubrication auxiliary flow channel. track diameter.

Further, in order to further improve the cooling effect at the tool handle, the shape of the cooling lubricating fluid main channel is helical.

Further, the milling cutter blade includes an outer blade and an inner blade, the outer blade is installed at the tooth tip position close to the tooth portion, and the inner blade is installed at the tooth root position close to the tooth portion; The number is the same as the number of the milling cutter blades, and the outlet of each cooling lubricating fluid sub-flow channel is facing the milling cutter blade. Correspondingly, under this structure of the inner and outer milling blades, there are multiple cooling and lubricating fluid sub-flow channels. It is divided into an outer blade cooling lubricating fluid sub-channel for cooling the outer blade, and an inner blade cooling lubricating fluid sub-channel for cooling the inner blade.

Further, the milling cutter blade is fixedly mounted on the tooth portion by means of screw connection or welding.

At the same time, according to the above gear milling cutter, the present invention also provides a numerical control milling machine, comprising a tool holder clamping part with an inner cooling flow channel, the above-mentioned gear milling cutter is installed on the tool holder clamping part, and the cooling lubrication in the gear milling cutter The liquid main flow channel is communicated with the inner cooling flow channel on the clamping part of the tool shank.

In addition, the present invention also provides a split structure of a tool handle and a gear milling cutter body. The specific structure includes a tool handle, a gear milling cutter body and a milling cutter blade; there are multiple milling cutter blades, which are respectively installed on the gear milling cutter. The tooth part of the main body; the gear milling cutter body is provided with a stepped through hole along the central axis, the tool shank is inserted into the small diameter hole of the stepped through hole, and a screw passes through the large diameter hole of the stepped through hole and is connected with the stepped through hole. The vibration damping tool holder is threaded to form a closed chamber between the tool holder, the large diameter hole of the gear milling cutter body and the screw;

The main channel of cooling lubricating fluid is arranged inside the tool handle and arranged along the axial direction; the tool handle is also provided with a plurality of first intermediate cooling lubricating fluid channels connecting the main channel of cooling lubricating fluid and the chamber;

The gear milling cutter body is provided with a second intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow channel, a plurality of cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channels, and a cooling lubricating liquid disposed between the second intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow channel and the plurality of cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channels storage cache;

The second intermediate cooling lubricating fluid flow channel is at least one and communicates with the chamber;

The number of cooling lubricating fluid sub-flow channels is the same as the number of milling cutter blades, and the inlet of each cooling and lubricating fluid sub-flow channel is connected to the cooling and lubricating fluid temporary storage area, and the outlet of each cooling and lubricating fluid sub-flow channel is facing the milling cutter blade;

The cooling lubricating liquid temporary storage area includes a base body arranged in the gear milling cutter body, and the base body is provided with a plurality of pores connected from the center to the entire outer surface;

The gear milling cutter body, the cooling lubricating fluid main channel, the first intermediate cooling lubricating fluid channel, the second intermediate cooling lubricating fluid channel, the base body, and the cooling lubricating fluid secondary channel are all processed and formed by 3D printing.

Further, due to the influence of 3D printing technology, in order to satisfy the smooth lubrication flow channel, the diameter of the cooling and lubrication main flow channel is 1mm-1.2mm, the diameter of the cooling and lubrication auxiliary flow channel is 0.5mm to 0.75mm, and the diameter of the pores is smaller than the cooling and lubrication auxiliary flow channel. track diameter.

Further, in order to further improve the cooling effect at the tool handle, the shape of the cooling lubricating fluid main channel is helical.

Further, the milling cutter blade includes an outer blade and an inner blade, the outer blade is installed at the tooth tip position close to the tooth portion, and the inner blade is installed at the tooth root position close to the tooth portion; The number is the same as the number of the milling cutter blades, and the outlet of each cooling lubricating fluid sub-flow channel is facing the milling cutter blade. Correspondingly, under this structure of the inner and outer milling blades, there are multiple cooling and lubricating fluid sub-flow channels. It is divided into an outer blade cooling lubricating fluid sub-channel for cooling the outer blade, and an inner blade cooling lubricating fluid sub-channel for cooling the inner blade.

Further, the milling cutter blade is fixedly mounted on the tooth portion by means of screw connection or welding.

At the same time, according to the above gear milling cutter, the present invention also provides a numerical control milling machine, comprising a tool holder clamping part with an inner cooling flow channel, the above-mentioned gear milling cutter is installed on the tool holder clamping part, and the cooling lubrication in the gear milling cutter The liquid main flow channel is communicated with the inner cooling flow channel on the clamping part of the tool shank.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention uses 3D printing technology to manufacture a one-piece gear milling cutter, and is provided with a cooling and lubricating mechanism for the main channel of cooling lubricating fluid and a plurality of secondary channels of cooling lubricating fluid, which not only reduces the machining process of gear milling The cooling and lubricating cost is reduced, and the cooling and lubricating mechanism cools evenly, the cooling effect is remarkable, and the environmental pollution during the cooling and lubricating process is also reduced.

2. A temporary storage area for cooling lubricating fluid is set in the integrated gear milling cutter of the present invention, so that the cooling lubricating fluid can be temporarily stored at this position before the tool is ready to be processed. Under the action of centrifugal force, it can evenly flow out through the cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary flow channel, so that the cooling lubricant flow out of each cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary flow channel is consistent, further improving the cooling uniformity and ensuring the cooling effect.

3. The split gear milling cutter of the present invention can meet some scenarios of gear milling requirements of different modules, and the temporary storage area for cooling lubricating liquid is directly set in the body of the gear milling cutter, which not only makes the cooling lubricating liquid flowing out of the auxiliary flow channel of cooling lubricating liquid The liquid is more uniform, and it also ensures that the overall strength of the gear milling cutter body remains unchanged, reducing the mass of the gear milling cutter body.

4. In the present invention, the main channel of the cooling lubricating fluid is designed in a spiral shape. Since the cooling area at the tool handle is increased, the heat generated by processing has little influence on the tool handle and its matching parts, ensuring that the tool and its matching parts are ensured. service life.

5. When the milling cutter blade of the present invention is provided with the structure of the combination of the outer blade and the inner blade, the cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channel can be set as the outer blade cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channel and the inner blade cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channel. Targeted direct action on the outer blade and inner blade, the cooling effect is better.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated gear milling cutter without a temporary storage area for cooling lubricating fluid in Embodiment 1. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated gear milling cutter with a temporary storage area for cooling and lubricating fluid in Embodiment 1. FIG.

Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of a plurality of cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary circulations in embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a split gear milling cutter in Embodiment 2. FIG.

Fig. 5 is the structural diagram of a plurality of cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary circulations in embodiment 2;

The reference numbers are as follows:

1- Cooling lubricant main channel, 2- Cooling lubricant secondary channel, 21- Outer blade cooling lubricant secondary channel, 22-Inner blade cooling lubricant secondary channel, 3- Cooling lubricant temporary storage area, 31- Matrix, 4-chamber

01-tool holder, 02-gear milling cutter body, 03-milling cutter blade, 031-outer blade, 032-inner blade.

Detailed ways

The gear milling cutter provided by the present invention will be further introduced below by using two embodiments and accompanying drawings.

Example 1 (integrated structure)

As shown in Figures 1-3, a gear milling cutter with a self-cooling and lubricating structure includes a tool holder 01, a gear milling cutter body 02 and a milling cutter blade 03; there are multiple milling cutter blades 03, which are respectively installed in the gear milling cutter The tooth portion of the cutter body 02; also includes a cooling lubricant main channel 1 and a plurality of cooling lubricant auxiliary channels 2; the number of cooling lubricant auxiliary channels 2 is consistent with the number of the milling cutter blades 03; the cooling lubricant main channel 1 It is arranged in the tool shank 01 in the axial direction; a plurality of cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary flow channels 2 are evenly arranged in the gear milling cutter body 02 along the circumference, and the inlet of each cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channel 2 is connected with the cooling lubricating liquid main channel. 1 Vertically connected, the outlet of each cooling lubricating fluid sub-flow channel 2 faces the milling cutter blade 03; the gear milling cutter body 02, the cooling and lubricating fluid main channel 1 and the cooling and lubricating fluid sub-flow channel 2 are all processed and formed by 3D printing.

When working, the cooling lubricating liquid enters through the main cooling lubricating liquid channel, and flows to the milling cutter blade from the multiple cooling lubrication liquid sub-flow channels, so as to realize the cooling and lubrication of the milling cutter blade.

This embodiment has a further optimized design:

1. The gear milling cutter is also provided with a temporary storage area 3 for cooling lubricating liquid; A plurality of pores are connected to the entire outer surface, and the plurality of pores connect the main channel 1 of cooling lubricating liquid with a plurality of auxiliary channels 2 of cooling lubricating liquid; the base body is formed by 3D printing, and the material of the base body is the same as that of the gear milling cutter body Or the material of the handle is the same. The cooling lubricant flows to the temporary storage area of the cooling lubricant through the main channel of the cooling lubricant, so that the cooling lubricant can be temporarily stored at this location before the tool is ready to mill teeth. Under the action of pressure and centrifugal force, it can flow to the milling cutter blade through a plurality of auxiliary cooling lubricating fluid passages to achieve cooling and lubrication. The purpose of this design is: 1. Make the flow of cooling lubricating fluid flowing out of multiple secondary cooling lubricating fluid passages more uniform and improve the cooling effect. 2. Reduce the quality of the tool.

2. In addition, due to the limitation of 3D printing manufacturing technology, the diameter of the cooling and lubricating auxiliary flow channel 2 is 0.5mm to 0.75mm. In addition, due to the influence of the diameter of the cooling flow channel in the clamping part of the conventional tool holder, in order to ensure the cooling lubricant The outlet pressure ensures that the cooling lubricant can act on the processing area, and the diameter of the main channel of the cooling lubricant should be controlled within 1.2mm. The specific size is determined by the difference in the amount of processing under different diameters and the heat generated during processing.

3. In order to further avoid that the heat of the tool head is transferred to the tool shank or other parts connected with the tool shank during processing, resulting in damage to the tool or other parts, the cooling lubricating fluid main channel 1 is set in a spiral shape to prevent Increase the cooling area and improve the cooling efficiency.

4. The milling cutter blade 03 of the gear milling cutter can also be designed as a combination of an outer blade 031 and an inner blade 032. The outer blade 031 is installed at the top of the tooth near the tooth, and the inner blade 032 is installed at the root of the tooth. ; Because the number of cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary flow channels 2 is consistent with the number of milling cutter blades 03, and the outlet of each cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channel 2 is toward the milling cutter blade 03; Correspondingly, the structure of the inner and outer milling blades Next, the cooling of the outer blade 031 relies on the outer blade to cool the secondary lubricating fluid channel 21 , and the cooling of the inner blade 032 relies on the inner blade to cool the secondary lubricating fluid channel 22 .

The gear milling cutter of the present invention adopts 3D printing technology during manufacture, which mainly includes the following steps:

【1】Using 3D modeling software to carry out 3D modeling design of tool holder and gear milling cutter body;

[2] Use fluid simulation software to design and optimize the parameters of the main cooling fluid channel and multiple secondary cooling fluid channels; ensure that the lubrication cooling fluid flow meets the overall cooling requirements of the tool during the tool machining process. Able to smoothly transport lubricating coolant to the processing area;

[3] Use slicing processing software to slice and dice the model of the tool holder and the gear milling cutter body, and add support to the temporary storage area of the cooling lubricant to ensure the overall rigidity of the rotating base, and the lubricant can smoothly enter and flow out. The temporary storage area is then imported into the 3D printing equipment, and the rotating matrix is manufactured by 3D printing technology.

[4] Install the milling cutter blade to each tooth portion of the gear milling cutter body by screwing or welding.

Example 2 (split structure)

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, a gear milling cutter with a self-cooling and lubricating structure includes a tool holder 01, a gear milling cutter body 02 and a milling cutter blade 03; the milling cutter blades 03 are multiple, and are respectively installed in the gear milling cutter The tooth part of the cutter body 02; the gear milling cutter body 02 is provided with a stepped through hole 04 along the central axis, the tool handle 01 is inserted into the small diameter hole of the stepped through hole 04, and a screw 05 is inserted from the stepped through hole 04. The large diameter hole passes through and is threadedly connected with the tool handle 01, thereby forming a closed cavity 4 between the tool handle 01, the large diameter hole of the gear milling cutter body 02 and the screw 05;

The tool handle 01 is provided with a cooling lubricating fluid main channel 1 and arranged along the axial direction; the tool handle 01 is also provided with a plurality of first intermediate cooling lubricating fluid channels connecting the cooling lubricating fluid main channel 1 and the chamber 4 5;

The gear milling cutter body 02 includes a second intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow channel 6, a plurality of cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channels 5, and a plurality of cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channels 2 arranged between the second intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow channel 6 and the plurality of cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channels 2 Temporary storage area 3 for cooling lubricant;

There is at least one second intermediate cooling lubricating fluid flow channel 6 (four in the figure), and communicates with the chamber 5;

The number of cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary flow channels 6 is consistent with the number of milling cutter blades 03, and the inlet of each cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channel 6 is connected to the cooling lubricant temporary storage area 3, and the outlet of each cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channel 6 faces toward milling cutter blade 3;

The cooling lubricating liquid temporary storage area 3 includes a base body 31 arranged in the gear milling cutter body 02, and the base body 31 is provided with a plurality of pores connecting from the center to the entire outer surface;

Gear milling cutter body 02, cooling lubricating fluid main channel 1, first intermediate cooling lubricating fluid channel 5, second intermediate cooling lubricating fluid channel 6, base 31, cooling lubricating fluid secondary channel 2 are all processed by 3D printing forming.

During operation, the cooling lubricating fluid enters through the main cooling lubricating fluid channel, and flows to the milling cutter blade through the first intermediate cooling lubricating fluid channel, the chamber, the second intermediate cooling lubricating fluid channel, the substrate, and a plurality of secondary cooling lubricating fluid channels. The cooling and lubrication of the milling cutter blade is realized.

This embodiment has a further optimized design:

1. In addition, due to the limitation of 3D printing manufacturing technology, the diameter of the cooling and lubricating auxiliary flow channel 2 is 0.5mm to 0.75mm. In addition, due to the influence of the diameter of the cooling flow channel in the clamping part of the conventional tool holder, in order to ensure the cooling lubricant The outlet pressure ensures that the cooling lubricant can act on the processing area, and the diameter of the main channel of the cooling lubricant should be controlled within 1.2mm. The specific size is determined by the difference in the amount of processing under different diameters and the heat generated during processing.

2. In order to further avoid that the heat of the tool head is transferred to the tool shank or other parts connected with the tool shank during the machining process, resulting in damage to the tool or other parts, the cooling lubricating fluid main channel 1 is set in a spiral shape to Increase the cooling area and improve the cooling efficiency.

3. The milling cutter blade 03 of the gear milling cutter can also be designed as a combination of an outer blade 031 and an inner blade 032. The outer blade 031 is installed at the top of the tooth near the tooth, and the inner blade 032 is installed at the root of the tooth. ; Because the number of cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary flow channels 2 is consistent with the number of milling cutter blades 03, and the outlet of each cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channel 2 is toward the milling cutter blade 03; Correspondingly, the structure of the inner and outer milling blades Next, the cooling of the outer blade 031 relies on the outer blade to cool the secondary lubricating fluid channel 21 , and the cooling of the inner blade 032 relies on the inner blade to cool the secondary lubricating fluid channel 22 .

The manufacture of the gear milling cutter of this embodiment mainly includes the following steps:

[1] The main flow channel of cooling lubricating liquid and the first intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow channel are set in the tool holder by stamping method;

【2】Using 3D modeling software to carry out 3D modeling design of gear milling cutter body;

[3] Use fluid simulation software to design and optimize the parameters of the second intermediate cooling lubricating fluid channel and the cooling lubricating fluid auxiliary channel; ensure that the lubricating and cooling fluid flow of the lubricating cooling channel meets the overall cooling requirements of the tool during the tool machining process. , which can smoothly transport the lubricating coolant to the cutting area of the tool;

[4] Use slicing processing software to perform layered slicing processing on the face milling cutter body model, and add support to the temporary storage area of the cooling lubricant to ensure the overall rigidity of the gear milling cutter body, while the lubricating coolant can smoothly enter and flow out of the temporary storage area. The storage area is then imported into the 3D printing equipment, and the gear milling cutter body is manufactured using 3D printing technology.

【5】Fix the shank and the gear milling cutter body with screws.

Claims (12)

1. A gear milling cutter with a self-cooling lubricating structure comprises a cutter handle, a gear milling cutter body and a milling cutter blade; the milling cutter blades are multiple and are respectively arranged on the tooth parts of the gear milling cutter body;

the method is characterized in that:

the cooling and lubricating liquid main channel and the plurality of cooling and lubricating liquid auxiliary channels are also included; the number of the cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow passages is consistent with that of the milling cutter blades;

the cooling and lubricating liquid main flow channel is axially arranged in the cutter handle and the gear milling cutter body;

the plurality of secondary cooling and lubricating liquid channels are uniformly arranged in the gear milling cutter body along the circumference, the inlet of each secondary cooling and lubricating liquid channel is communicated with the main cooling and lubricating liquid channel, and the outlet of each secondary cooling and lubricating liquid channel faces the milling cutter blade;

the cutter handle, the gear milling cutter body, the cooling lubricating liquid main runner and the cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary runner are integrally formed in a 3D printing mode;

the gear milling cutter also comprises a cooling lubricating liquid temporary storage area; the cooling lubricating liquid temporary storage area comprises a base body arranged in the gear milling cutter body, a plurality of holes are formed in the base body and communicated with the whole outer surface from the center of the base body, a main cooling lubricating liquid flow channel and a plurality of secondary cooling lubricating liquid flow channels are communicated through the plurality of holes, and the diameter of each hole is smaller than that of each secondary cooling lubricating liquid flow channel; the base body is formed in a 3D printing mode, and the material of the base body is consistent with that of the gear milling cutter body or the cutter handle.

2. The gear milling cutter with the self-cooling lubricating structure according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the main cooling and lubricating flow passage is 1mm-1.2mm, and the diameter of the secondary cooling and lubricating flow passage is 0.5 mm-0.75 mm.

3. The gear milling cutter with the self-cooling lubricating structure according to claim 2, wherein: the cooling and lubricating liquid main flow channel is spiral in shape.

4. The gear milling cutter with the self-cooling lubricating structure according to claim 3, wherein: the milling cutter blade comprises an outer blade and an inner blade, wherein the outer blade is arranged close to the tooth crest position of the tooth part, the inner blade is arranged close to the tooth root position of the tooth part, and correspondingly, a plurality of cooling and lubricating liquid auxiliary channels are divided into outer blade cooling and lubricating liquid auxiliary channels for cooling the outer blade and inner blade cooling and lubricating liquid auxiliary channels for cooling the inner blade.

5. The gear milling cutter with the self-cooling lubricating structure according to claim 4, wherein: the milling cutter blade is fixedly mounted on the tooth part in a screw connection or welding mode.

6. A numerically controlled milling machine comprising a shank holding portion having an internal cooling flow passage, the shank holding portion having mounted thereon a gear milling cutter according to claim 5, the main flow passage of cooling lubricant in the gear milling cutter communicating with the internal cooling flow passage in the shank holding portion.

7. A gear milling cutter with a self-cooling lubricating structure comprises a cutter handle, a gear milling cutter body and a milling cutter blade; the milling cutter blades are multiple and are respectively arranged on the tooth parts of the gear milling cutter body;

the method is characterized in that:

the gear milling cutter body is provided with a step through hole along the central axis, the cutter handle is inserted in the small diameter hole of the step through hole, and a screw penetrates through the large diameter hole of the step through hole and is in threaded connection with the vibration reduction cutter handle, so that a closed cavity is formed among the cutter handle, the large diameter hole of the gear milling cutter body and the screw;

a main cooling and lubricating liquid flow passage is arranged in the tool shank and is axially arranged; a plurality of first intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow channels for communicating the cooling lubricating liquid main flow channel with the cavity are also arranged in the tool shank;

the gear milling cutter body is internally provided with a second intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow passage, a plurality of cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow passages and a cooling lubricating liquid temporary storage area arranged between the second intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow passage and the plurality of cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow passages;

at least one second intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow passage is communicated with the cavity;

the number of the cooling and lubricating liquid auxiliary channels is consistent with that of the milling cutter blades, the inlet of each cooling and lubricating liquid auxiliary channel is communicated with the cooling and lubricating liquid temporary storage area, and the outlet of each cooling and lubricating liquid auxiliary channel faces the milling cutter blades;

the cooling and lubricating liquid temporary storage area comprises a base body arranged in the gear milling cutter body, a plurality of pores are arranged on the base body and communicated from the center of the base body to the whole outer surface of the base body, and the diameter of each pore is smaller than that of the cooling and lubricating secondary flow passage;

the gear milling cutter body, the cooling lubricating liquid main flow channel, the first intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow channel, the second intermediate cooling lubricating liquid flow channel, the base body and the cooling lubricating liquid auxiliary flow channel are all formed in a 3D printing mode in a machining mode.

8. The gear milling cutter with the self-cooling lubricating structure according to claim 7, wherein: the diameter of the main cooling and lubricating flow passage is 1mm-1.2mm, and the diameter of the secondary cooling and lubricating flow passage is 0.5 mm-0.75 mm.

9. The gear milling cutter with the self-cooling lubricating structure according to claim 8, wherein: the cooling and lubricating liquid main flow channel is spiral in shape.

10. The gear milling cutter with the self-cooling lubricating structure according to claim 9, wherein: the milling cutter blade comprises an outer blade and an inner blade, wherein the outer blade is arranged close to the tooth crest position of the tooth part, the inner blade is arranged close to the tooth root position of the tooth part, and correspondingly, a plurality of cooling and lubricating liquid auxiliary channels are divided into outer blade cooling and lubricating liquid auxiliary channels for cooling the outer blade and inner blade cooling and lubricating liquid auxiliary channels for cooling the inner blade.

11. The gear milling cutter with the self-cooling lubricating structure according to claim 10, wherein: the milling cutter blade is fixedly mounted on the tooth part in a screw connection or welding mode.

12. A numerically controlled milling machine comprising a shank holding portion having an internal cooling flow passage, the shank holding portion having mounted thereon a gear milling cutter according to claim 11, the main flow passage of cooling lubricant in the gear milling cutter communicating with the internal cooling flow passage in the shank holding portion.

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