CN109347539B - High-precision absolute time delay calibration method for USB measurement and control responder - Google Patents
High-precision absolute time delay calibration method for USB measurement and control responder Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision absolute time delay calibration method for a USB measurement and control transponder, which comprises the following steps: s1, measuring group delay tau of broadband mixer1(ii) a S2, constructing ginsengTesting a closed loop test system; s3, measuring the distance calibration value rho of the reference closed loop test system1(ii) a S4, constructing a closed-loop test system of the tested piece; s5, measuring the distance calibration value rho of the closed loop test system of the tested piece2(ii) a S6, calculating the absolute time delay tau of the USB measurement and control responder2. According to the technical scheme, the reference closed-loop test system and the tested piece closed-loop test system keep the maximum consistency, the transmission processing time delay is eliminated, the absolute time delay calibration precision of the USB measurement and control transponder is improved, and therefore the distance measurement error of the USB measurement and control system in the flight test process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of satellite measurement and control, and particularly relates to a high-precision absolute time delay calibration method for a USB measurement and control transponder.
Background
The S-band unified carrier system (USB) is applied to most international satellite measurement and control tasks, can provide a communication channel for a satellite and a ground and complete satellite orbit determination, wherein the distance is a key measurement parameter. The USB measurement and control system adopts multi-sidetone ranging, and calculates the radial distance between the measuring station and the satellite through receiving and transmitting sidetone phase delay measurement. The USB measurement and control transponder is signal transmitting equipment installed on a satellite, and completes distance measurement through side tone receiving and transmitting matched with a measuring station. Before a flight test, the USB measurement and control system needs to carry out zero value calibration on the distance measurement, and in the flight test process, the real radial distance can be obtained by deducting the calibration value.
The traditional method is that the calibration value of the system is obtained by carrying out a combined calibration test on a ground measurement and control system and a measurement and control transponder, and the method needs the participation of the ground measurement and control system, wastes a large amount of ground measurement and control system resources and has high test cost. The time delay calibration of the responder is carried out by using a pulse modulation signal and adopting an oscilloscope, or the time delay calibration of the responder is carried out by adopting special test equipment and a calibration frequency converter and constructing a closed loop system. The oscilloscope time domain measurement method is gradually eliminated due to large measurement error. The traditional closed-loop calibration method ignores the time delay difference of the calibration frequency converter at different frequencies, and in addition, the external local oscillator frequency source cannot realize coherent processing with special test equipment, and the time delay calibration precision of the responder is also influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides a high-precision calibration method for absolute time delay of a USB measurement and control transponder, which solves the problem of calibration errors caused by non-coherent processing and calibration frequency converters in the traditional closed-loop calibration method and improves the calibration precision of the absolute time delay of the USB measurement and control transponder.
A high-precision calibration method for absolute time delay of a USB measurement and control transponder comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring group delay tau of broadband mixer1；
S2, constructing a reference closed loop test system;
s3, measuring the distance calibration value rho of the reference closed loop test system1；
S4, constructing a closed-loop test system of the tested piece;
s5, measuring the distance calibration value rho of the closed loop test system of the tested piece2；
S6, calculating the absolute time delay tau of the USB measurement and control responder2。
Further, step S1 is specifically to measure the group delay measurement in the operating frequency band of the USB measurement and control transponder using a vector network analyzer with a reference local oscillator and a broadband mixer, where the broadband mixer receives the RF signal and the LO signal sent by the vector network analyzer, outputs an IF signal after mixing, and reads the group delay τ at the nominal frequency point from the vector network analyzer 11。
Further, the reference closed-loop test system in step S2 includes a broadband mixer, a band-pass filter, and a dedicated test device, which are connected to each other through a high-frequency cable, wherein two output ports of the dedicated test device are connected to two input ports of the broadband mixer, an output port of the broadband mixer is connected to an input port of the band-pass filter, and an output port of the band-pass filter is connected to an input port of the dedicated test device.
Further, the frequency of the transmission signal of the special test equipment is 221f0Frequency of receptionRate of 240f0Said dedicated test equipment also providing a frequency of 19f0And the local oscillator signal is transmitted to a broadband mixer.
Further, the transmitting signal and the local oscillator signal are generated by frequency multiplication of the same clock reference source.
Further, the step S3 is to modulate the distance measuring tone to the frequency 221f by the special testing equipment0Is sent to a broadband mixer, receives the signal with the center frequency of 240f after being mixed by the broadband mixer0Demodulating the side tone signal to complete phase tracking, subtracting the phase of the output signal from the phase of the transmitting signal to obtain the phase shift of the transmitting and receiving signal, and performing deblurring processing on the phase shifts of the side tones to obtain a distance calibration value rho of the reference closed-loop test system without distance ambiguity1。
Furthermore, the closed-loop test system for the tested piece in the S4 specifically includes a USB test and control transponder, a band-pass filter, and a special test device, which are connected to each other through a high-frequency cable, wherein an output port of the special test device is connected to an input port of the USB test and control transponder, an output port of the USB test and control transponder is connected to an input port of the band-pass filter, and an output port of the band-pass filter is connected to an input port of the special test device.
Further, the USB measurement and control responder works in an S frequency band, and the receiving frequency is 221f0The forwarding frequency is 240f0。
Further, the step S5 is to modulate the distance measuring tone to the frequency 221f by the special testing equipment0The transmitting signal is sent to a USB test and control transponder, and the center frequency of the received signal forwarded by the USB test and control transponder is 240f0Demodulating the side-tone signal to complete phase tracking, subtracting the phase of the output signal from the phase of the transmitting signal to obtain the phase shift of the transmitting and receiving signal, and performing ambiguity resolution on the phase shifts of the side tones to obtain a distance calibration value rho of the tested piece closed-loop test system without distance ambiguity2。
Further, the step S6 is specifically performed according to a calculation formula
Calculating absolute time delay tau of USB measurement and control responder2Where c is the speed of light in vacuum.
The invention keeps the maximum consistency by the reference closed-loop test system and the tested piece closed-loop test system, thereby eliminating the transmission processing time delay comprising a test cable, a band-pass filter and special test equipment; a reference closed loop test system forms coherent processing by providing a local oscillation signal of the same source through special test equipment, and main error items existing in the absolute test measurement process of the USB measurement and control transponder are eliminated by singly carrying out group delay calibration on broadband frequency mixing. The invention obviously improves the calibration precision of the absolute time delay of the USB measurement and control transponder, thereby reducing the distance measurement error of the USB measurement and control system in the flight test process.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a calibration method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a testing method for testing a broadband mixer group according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reference closed loop test system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop test system for a tested device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The flowchart of the calibration method of the present invention as shown in fig. 1 includes the steps of:
s1, measuring group delay tau of broadband mixer1。
As shown in FIG. 2, a vector network analyzer 1 with a reference local oscillator and a broadband mixer 2 are used for measuring the group delay measurement in the working frequency band of the USB observing and controlling transponder, wherein the broadband mixer 2 receives the vector network componentMixing RF signal and LO signal sent by analyzer 1 to output IF signal, reading group delay tau at nominal frequency point from vector network analyzer 11。
And S2, constructing a reference closed loop test system.
Referring to the closed loop test system as shown in fig. 3, the closed loop test system comprises a broadband mixer 1, a band pass filter 3 and a dedicated test device 4, which are connected with each other through a high frequency cable, wherein two output ports of the dedicated test device 4 are connected with two input ports of the broadband mixer, an output port of the broadband mixer 1 is connected with an input port of the band pass filter 3, and an output port of the band pass filter 3 is connected with an input port of the dedicated test device 4.
The special test equipment 4 is special equipment for ground detection of the test control transponder, the transmitting carrier frequency and the receiving carrier frequency are different in frequency, the transmitting-receiving frequency ratio is 240/221, namely the transmitting signal frequency is 221f0Reception frequency of 240f0Said dedicated test equipment 4 also providing a frequency of 19f0To the broadband mixer 1. And the transmitting signal and the local oscillator signal are generated by frequency multiplication of the same clock reference source.
Broadband mixer 1 using 19f0As local oscillator signal sum 221f0Mixing to obtain 240f frequency0Of the signal of (1). The band-pass filter 1 filters the leaked local oscillator signal and other intermodulation signal, and the reserved frequency is 240f0For reception by the dedicated test equipment 4.
S3, measuring the distance calibration value rho of the reference closed loop test system1。
The dedicated test equipment modulates the ranging tone to a frequency of 221f0Is sent to a broadband mixer, receives the signal with the center frequency of 240f after being mixed by the broadband mixer0Demodulating the side tone signal to complete phase tracking, subtracting the phase of the output signal from the phase of the transmitting signal to obtain the phase shift of the transmitting and receiving signal, and performing deblurring processing on the phase shifts of the side tones to obtain a distance calibration value rho of the reference closed-loop test system without distance ambiguity1。
And S4, constructing a closed-loop test system of the tested piece.
The closed-loop test system of the tested piece specifically comprises a USB test and control transponder, a band-pass filter and special test equipment which are connected through a high-frequency cable, wherein an output port of the special test equipment is connected with an input port of the USB test and control transponder, an output port of the USB test and control transponder is connected with an input port of the band-pass filter, and an output port of the band-pass filter is connected with an input port of the special test equipment.
The USB measurement and control responder works in an S frequency band with the receiving frequency of 221f0The forwarding frequency is 240f0. The USB measurement and control transponder completes radial distance measurement by matching distance measurement sound forwarding with a ground measurement and control system.
The connection relation of the band-pass filter and the high-frequency cable in the closed-loop test system of the tested piece is kept consistent with that of the reference closed-loop test system, and test error items are eliminated conveniently.
S5, measuring the distance calibration value rho of the closed loop test system of the tested piece2。
Modulating the ranging tone to a frequency of 221f for dedicated test equipment0The transmitting signal is sent to a USB test and control transponder, and the center frequency of the received signal forwarded by the USB test and control transponder is 240f0Demodulating the side-tone signal to complete phase tracking, subtracting the phase of the output signal from the phase of the transmitting signal to obtain the phase shift of the transmitting and receiving signal, and performing ambiguity resolution on the phase shifts of the side tones to obtain a distance calibration value rho of the tested piece closed-loop test system without distance ambiguity2。
S6, calculating the absolute time delay tau of the USB measurement and control responder2。
According to a calculation formula
Calculating absolute time delay tau of USB measurement and control responder2Where c is the speed of light in vacuum.
The invention keeps the maximum consistency by the reference closed-loop test system and the tested piece closed-loop test system, thereby eliminating the transmission processing time delay comprising a test cable, a band-pass filter and special test equipment; a reference closed loop test system forms coherent processing by providing a local oscillation signal of the same source through special test equipment, and main error items existing in the absolute test measurement process of the USB measurement and control transponder are eliminated by singly carrying out group delay calibration on broadband frequency mixing. The invention obviously improves the calibration precision of the absolute time delay of the USB measurement and control transponder, thereby reducing the distance measurement error of the USB measurement and control system in the flight test process.
It is to be understood that the above examples are illustrative only for the purpose of clarity of description and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-precision calibration method for absolute time delay of a USB measurement and control transponder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, measuring group delay tau of broadband mixer1；
S2, constructing a reference closed loop test system;
s3, measuring the distance calibration value rho of the reference closed loop test system1；
S4, constructing a closed-loop test system of the tested piece;
s5, measuring the distance calibration value rho of the closed loop test system of the tested piece2；
S6, calculating the absolute time delay tau of the USB measurement and control responder2(ii) a Wherein,
the step S6 is specifically based on a calculation formula
Calculating absolute time delay tau of USB measurement and control responder2Where c is the speed of light in vacuum.
2. The calibration method according to claim 1, wherein step S1 is to use a vector with a reference local oscillatorMeasuring the group delay measurement in the working frequency band of the USB measurement and control transponder by a quantity network analyzer and a broadband mixer, wherein the broadband mixer receives an RF signal and an LO signal sent by the vector network analyzer, outputs an IF signal after mixing, and reads the group delay tau at a nominal frequency point from the vector network analyzer1。
3. The calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the reference closed loop test system in step S2 comprises a broadband mixer, a band pass filter and a dedicated test device connected to each other by a high frequency cable, wherein two output ports of the dedicated test device are connected to two input ports of the broadband mixer, an output port of the broadband mixer is connected to an input port of the band pass filter, and an output port of the band pass filter is connected to an input port of the dedicated test device.
4. A calibration method according to claim 3, characterized in that the transmission signal frequency of the dedicated test equipment is 221f0Reception frequency of 240f0Said dedicated test equipment also providing a frequency of 19f0And the local oscillator signal is transmitted to a broadband mixer.
5. The calibration method of claim 4, wherein the transmit signal and the local oscillator signal are generated by multiplying a frequency of a same clock reference source.
6. Calibration method according to claim 1, characterized in that step S3 is carried out by modulating a distance measuring tone to a frequency of 221f, in particular by a dedicated test device0Is sent to a broadband mixer, receives the signal with the center frequency of 240f after being mixed by the broadband mixer0Demodulating the side tone signal to complete phase tracking, subtracting the phase of the output signal from the phase of the transmitting signal to obtain the phase shift of the transmitting and receiving signal, and performing deblurring processing on the phase shifts of the side tones to obtain a distance calibration value rho of the reference closed-loop test system without distance ambiguity1。
7. The calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the closed-loop test system of the tested object in S4 specifically includes a USB test control transponder, a band pass filter, and a dedicated test device, which are connected to each other through a high frequency cable, wherein an output port of the dedicated test device is connected to an input port of the USB test control transponder, an output port of the USB test control transponder is connected to an input port of the band pass filter, and an output port of the band pass filter is connected to an input port of the dedicated test device.
8. The calibration method according to claim 7, wherein the USB measurement and control transponder operates in the S-band with a receiving frequency of 221f0The forwarding frequency is 240f0。
9. Calibration method according to claim 1, characterized in that step S5 is carried out by modulating a distance measuring tone to a frequency of 221f, in particular by a dedicated test device0The transmitting signal is sent to a USB test and control transponder, and the center frequency of the received signal forwarded by the USB test and control transponder is 240f0Demodulating the side-tone signal to complete phase tracking, subtracting the phase of the output signal from the phase of the transmitting signal to obtain the phase shift of the transmitting and receiving signal, and performing ambiguity resolution on the phase shifts of the side tones to obtain a distance calibration value rho of the tested piece closed-loop test system without distance ambiguity2。
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