CN109347528A - 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method - Google Patents

3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method Download PDF

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CN109347528A
CN109347528A CN201811325576.XA CN201811325576A CN109347528A CN 109347528 A CN109347528 A CN 109347528A CN 201811325576 A CN201811325576 A CN 201811325576A CN 109347528 A CN109347528 A CN 109347528A
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user
channel
diagonal element
index
matrix
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CN109347528B (en
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李潇
孙婷婷
高西奇
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Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission methods, and base station uses uniform planar antenna array, when method includes the following steps: original state, calculate each user both horizontally and vertically beam forming index using statistic channel information；Multi-subscriber dispatching is carried out using minimum similarity degree method, the smallest service user of similarity is selected and calculates precoding vector and carry out precoding transmissions.This method can effectively reduce inter-user interference, and can obtain higher throughput of system with lower computation complexity, can obtain higher and rate, robustness is high, it is easy to accomplish；Due to only needing the statistical information of channel, required channel information amount is small, is suitable for various typical wireless communication systems；Because considering the influence of channel line of sight and Correlation Matrix simultaneously, channel is more general.

Description

3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology fields, are related to the multiuser downstream system of base station configuration uniform planar antenna array User's scheduling and technology for self-adaptively transmitting, more particularly relate to a kind of 3D-MIMO descending multi-user based on similarity Scheduling and adaptive transmission method.
Background technique
Extensive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) as a kind of effective ways that network transmission speed and covering can be improved, One of the key technology of new generation of wireless communication network will be become.It is extensive more compared with traditional single user multiaerial system Input multi output can make full use of space resources, realize multiple-input multiple-output by mutiple antennas, do not increasing frequency spectrum resource and antenna In the case where transmission power, system channel capacity can be increased exponentially, and really realize using the device of low cost, low-power consumption Green communications.
However, in practical applications, extensive multiple-input-multiple-output wireless communication is faced with lot of challenges.Firstly, base station The antenna amount that can be configured is influenced by base station space and carrier frequency.It is three-dimensional by excavating the resource of vertical dimensions MIMO technique causes the extensive concern of international scholars, the i.e. antenna array in base station configuration two-dimensional grid arrangement Column, it overcomes limitation of the limited space to extensive multiple input, multiple output wireless communication system.In addition, in practical communication In, the channel information of base station can be provided by user by the Limited Feedback channel of uplink, but the transmission of feedback information is inevitable There are delay of feedback on ground, thus, it is supposed that realizing user's scheduling and Adaptive Transmission based on ideal communication channel information known to transmitting terminal It is often unpractical.For example, the up-link capacity that feeds back to of channel information causes very big burden, especially for FDD system In the case where number of users and transmitting antenna number be larger and the faster situation of channel state variations.Therefore, using channel statistical information, such as Correlation Matrix is sent, mean information etc. carries out downlink user scheduling and Adaptive Transmission is more appropriate selection.
The existing research for extensive multi-input multi-output system is carried out under the conditions of rayleigh fading channel. Although can effectively simplify performance evaluation using rayleigh fading channel model, the line of sight component for including in actual channel is neglected Slightly.For example, since millimeter wave transmission has high directionality and quasi-optics property, line of sight can account in millimeter-wave communication system Leading position, this, which simply to be modeled as rayleigh fading channel, becomes inaccuracy.In addition, in practical communication, by user's sky Between limit, the influence of antenna configuration and Doppler effect needs to consider the presence of channel Correlation Matrix, but existing research has this Ignored.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of three-dimensional multiple-input and multiple-output downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptively Transmission method configures uniform planar antenna array for base station, and fully considers and consider channel Correlation Matrix, based on channel line of sight and The relevant nature of Correlation Matrix, is picked out and to have selected maximum similarity the smallest user in family to carry out again pre- from candidate user set Coding transmission.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method, base station use uniform planar antenna array, and antenna array exists There are M row, the N number of array element of the every row of horizontal direction in vertical direction, adjacent antenna array element spacing is to carry in the horizontal and vertical directions The half of wave wavelength shares the user of L configuration single received antenna, and base station is at best able to service U user simultaneously；Method packet Include following steps:
Step 1, when original state, calculating each user using statistic channel information, both horizontally and vertically beam forming refers to Number；
The statistic channel information includes: the channel Rice factor of user k Channel level sighting distance componentVertical visibility componentChannel level Correlation MatrixCorrelation Matrix vertical with channelWherein, k=1 ..., L, matrix HkFor the channel matrix between base station and user k, HkM row n-th arrange element [Hk]m,nThe antenna arranged for base station m row n-th Channel coefficients between array element and user k,AndRespectively indicate matrixWith First row,Subscript ()HRepresent conjugate transposition, subscript ()TTransposition is represented, E { } representative is asked Mean value；
The process for calculating each user both horizontally and vertically beam forming index includes following sub-step:
A1 it) to user k, k=1 ..., L, calculates Wherein FMAnd FMThe DFT matrix of respectively M × M and N × N, FMWith FMM row n-th arrange element be respectivelyWithE is the nature truth of a matter, and j ' is imaginary unit, subscript ()*Represent conjugate transposition；
A2 it) is based onAnd channel Rice factor Kk, user k is found out respectively vertically and horizontally Index 1 on direction:With
A3 it) is based onAnd channel Rice factor Kk, user k is found out respectively horizontal and vertical Index 2 on direction:With
A4 index 1 and index 2) are utilized, vertical direction beam forming index is found outHorizontal direction beam forming IndexCriterion are as follows:Wherein,WithRespectively ForWith?WithA diagonal element,WithRespectivelyWith?WithA diagonal element；
Step 2: carrying out multi-subscriber dispatching using minimum similarity degree method, following sub-step is specifically included:
B1) when original state, the service user dispatched out is gatheredIt is initialized as empty setWhereinIndicate empty Collection, unscheduled user's setIt is initialized as whole usersEnable l=0；
B2) set of computationsIn any user k useful signal average energy Dk, find out setMiddle useful signal is flat The maximum user of equal energy, is added into setAnd from setIn leave out, and enable l=l+1；
B3) if l < U andThen enter step b4)；Otherwise, terminate user's scheduling；
B4) to setIn any user k judge whether to meetAndAnd it will be unsatisfactory for The user of condition is from setIn leave out；
B5) if setSet of computationsIn any user k to setThe maximum similarity G of middle userk, look for The wherein the smallest user of maximum similarity out, is added into setAnd from setIn leave out, and l=l+1 is enabled, into step Rapid b3)；
Step 3: to service user's setIn user calculate precoding vectors: the precoding vectors of user k areWherein,For matrix FM?Column,For matrix FN?Column；Utilize calculating Precoding vectors out are to service user's setIn user carry out precoding transmissions.
Further, the step a2) in the index 1 of user k in the vertical and horizontal direction:WithCalculation method Are as follows:
Wherein,WithRespectivelyWithIth and jth diagonal element,WithRespectivelyWithIth and jth diagonal element.
Further, the step a3) in the index 2 of user k in the horizontal and vertical directions:WithCalculation method Are as follows:
Wherein,WithRespectivelyWithIth and jth diagonal element,WithRespectivelyWith Ith and jth diagonal element.
Further, the step b2) in user k useful signal average energy DkCalculation method are as follows:
Wherein,WithRespectively?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element,WithRespectively?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element.
Further, the step b5) in any user k to setThe maximum similarity G of middle userkCalculation method Are as follows:
Wherein,
Wherein,WithRespectively?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element,With Respectively?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and the utility model has the advantages that
1. this method can effectively reduce inter-user interference, and can obtain higher system throughput with lower computation complexity Amount, robustness are high, it is easy to accomplish.
2. this method only needs the statistical information of channel, required channel information amount is small, is suitable for various typical channel radios Letter system.
3. this method considers the influence of channel line of sight and Correlation Matrix simultaneously, channel is more general.
4. this method can obtain higher and rate.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiment, it should be understood that following specific Embodiment is only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Consider a multi-user downlink, base station uses uniform planar antenna array, and antenna array has M in vertical direction Row, the N number of array element of the every row of horizontal direction, adjacent antenna array element spacing is the half of carrier wavelength in the horizontal and vertical directions, The user of shared L configuration single received antenna, base station is at best able to service U user simultaneously.The statistics of base station known users k Channel information, wherein k=1 ..., L, statistic channel information include: the channel Rice factor of user kChannel level sighting distance componentVertical visibility component Channel level Correlation MatrixCorrelation Matrix vertical with channelWherein, Matrix HkFor the channel matrix between base station and user k, HkM row n-th arrange element [Hk]m,nIt is arranged for base station m row n-th Channel coefficients between bay and user k,AndRespectively indicate matrixWithFirst row,Subscript ()HRepresent conjugate transposition, subscript ()TTransposition is represented, E { } is represented It averages；
Base station carries out user's scheduling and Adaptive Transmission as follows:
Step 1: calculating each user both horizontally and vertically beam forming index using statistic channel information.
Wherein both horizontally and vertically beam forming index carries out user as follows:
A1 it) to user k, k=1 ..., L, calculates AndWherein FMAnd FMThe DFT matrix of respectively M × M and N × N, FMAnd FMThe element point that m row n-th arranges It is notWithE is the nature truth of a matter, and j ' is void Number unit, subscript ()*Represent conjugate transposition；
A2 it) is based onAnd channel Rice factor Kk, user k is found out respectively vertically and horizontally Index 1 on direction:WithIts calculation method is:
Wherein,WithRespectivelyWithIth and jth diagonal element,WithRespectivelyWithIth and jth diagonal element.
A3 it) is based onAnd channel Rice factor Kk, user k is found out respectively horizontal and vertical Index 2 on direction:WithIts calculation method are as follows:
Wherein,WithRespectivelyWithIth and jth diagonal element,WithRespectivelyWithIth and jth diagonal element.
A4 index 1 and index 2) are utilized, vertical direction beam forming index is found outHorizontal direction beam forming IndexCriterion are as follows:Wherein,WithRespectively ForWith?WithA diagonal element,WithRespectivelyWith?WithIt is a diagonal Member；
Step 2: carrying out multi-subscriber dispatching using minimum similarity degree method.
The minimum similarity degree method carries out as follows:
B1) when original state, the service user dispatched out is gatheredIt is initialized as empty setWhereinIndicate empty Collection, unscheduled user's setIt is initialized as whole usersEnable l=0；
B2) set of computationsIn each user useful signal average energy, wherein the useful signal of user k is averaged energy Measure DkCalculation method be:
Wherein,WithRespectively?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element,WithRespectively?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element；Find out setMiddle useful signal average energy Maximum user is added into setAnd from setIn leave out, and enable l=l+1；
B3) if l < U andThen enter step b4)；Otherwise, terminate user's scheduling；
B4) to setIn any user k judge whether to meetAndAnd it will be unsatisfactory for The user of condition is from setIn leave out；
B5) if setSet of computationsIn any user k to setThe maximum similarity of middle userWherein,
WithRespectively?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element,WithRespectively?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element finds out the smallest user of wherein maximum similarity, is added into collection It closesAnd from setIn leave out, and enable l=l+1, enter step b3)；
Step 3: to service user's setIn user calculate precoding vectors: the precoding vectors of user k areWherein,For matrix FM?Column,For matrix FN?Column；Utilize calculating Precoding vectors out are to service user's setIn user carry out precoding transmissions.
The technical means disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited only to technological means disclosed in above embodiment, further includes Technical solution consisting of any combination of the above technical features.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art For, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also considered as Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1.3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling and adaptive transmission method, which is characterized in that base station uses uniform planar antenna Battle array, antenna array have M row in vertical direction, and the N number of array element of the every row of horizontal direction, adjacent antenna array element spacing is in horizontal and vertical side Upwards it is the half of carrier wavelength, shares the user of L configuration single received antenna, base station is at best able to service U simultaneously User；Method includes the following steps:
Step 1 when original state, calculates each user both horizontally and vertically beam forming index using statistic channel information；
The statistic channel information includes: the channel Rice factor of user kChannel Horizontal sight distance componentVertical visibility componentChannel level Correlation MatrixCorrelation Matrix vertical with channelWherein, k=1 ..., L, matrix HkFor the channel matrix between base station and user k, HkM row n-th arrange element [Hk]m,nThe antenna arranged for base station m row n-th Channel coefficients between array element and user k, AndRespectively indicate matrixWith's First row,Subscript ()HRepresent conjugate transposition, subscript ()TTransposition is represented, E { } representative asks equal Value；
The process for calculating each user both horizontally and vertically beam forming index includes following sub-step:
A1 it) to user k, k=1 ..., L, calculates AndWherein FMAnd FMThe DFT matrix of respectively M × M and N × N, FMWith FMM row n-th arrange element be respectivelyWithE is the nature truth of a matter, and j ' is imaginary unit, subscript ()*Represent conjugate transposition；
A2 it) is based onAnd channel Rice factor Kk, user k is found out respectively vertically and horizontally On index 1:With
A3 it) is based onAnd channel Rice factor Kk, user k is found out respectively both horizontally and vertically On index 2:With
A4 index 1 and index 2) are utilized, vertical direction beam forming index is found outHorizontal direction beam forming indexCriterion are as follows:Wherein,WithRespectivelyWith?WithA diagonal element,WithRespectivelyWith?WithA diagonal element；
Step 2: carrying out multi-subscriber dispatching using minimum similarity degree method, following sub-step is specifically included:
B1) when original state, the service user dispatched out is gatheredIt is initialized as empty setWhereinIndicate empty set, not Dispatch user's setIt is initialized as whole usersEnable l=0；
B2) set of computationsIn any user k useful signal average energy Dk, find out setMiddle useful signal is averaged energy Maximum user is measured, set is added intoAnd from setIn leave out, and enable l=l+1；
B3) if l < U andThen enter step b4)；Otherwise, terminate user's scheduling；
B4) to setIn any user k judge whether to meetAndAnd condition will be unsatisfactory for User from setIn leave out；
B5) if setSet of computationsIn any user k to setThe maximum similarity G of middle userk, find out it The middle the smallest user of maximum similarity, is added into setAnd from setIn leave out, and enable l=l+1, enter step b3)；
Step 3: to service user's setIn user calculate precoding vectors: the precoding vectors of user k areWherein,For matrix FM?Column,For matrix FN?Column；Utilize calculating Precoding vectors out are to service user's setIn user carry out precoding transmissions.
2. 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling according to claim 1 and adaptive transmission method, which is characterized in that institute State step a2) in the index 1 of user k in the vertical and horizontal direction:WithCalculation method are as follows:
Wherein,WithRespectivelyWithIth and jth diagonal element,WithRespectivelyWith's Ith and jth diagonal element.
3. 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling according to claim 1 and adaptive transmission method, which is characterized in that institute State step a3) in the index 2 of user k in the horizontal and vertical directions:WithCalculation method are as follows:
Wherein,WithRespectivelyWithIth and jth diagonal element,WithRespectivelyWith's Ith and jth diagonal element.
4. 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling according to claim 1 and adaptive transmission method, which is characterized in that institute State step b2) in user k useful signal average energy DkCalculation method are as follows:
Wherein,WithRespectively?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element,WithPoint It is not?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element.
5. 3D-MIMO downlink multi-user scheduling according to claim 1 and adaptive transmission method, which is characterized in that institute State step b5) in any user k to setThe maximum similarity G of middle userkCalculation method are as follows:
Wherein,
Wherein,WithRespectively?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element,WithRespectively For?A diagonal element and?A diagonal element.
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Cited By (1)

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