CN109346790B - Safe and automatic disassembling method for waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery through controllable discharge - Google Patents
Safe and automatic disassembling method for waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery through controllable discharge Download PDFInfo
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- CN109346790B CN109346790B CN201811117627.XA CN201811117627A CN109346790B CN 109346790 B CN109346790 B CN 109346790B CN 201811117627 A CN201811117627 A CN 201811117627A CN 109346790 B CN109346790 B CN 109346790B
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/93—Toxic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery recovery, and particularly relates to a safe and automatic disassembling method for a waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery through controllable discharge, which comprises the following steps: s1, discharging the waste hard shell lithium ion power battery; s2, placing the battery after the point placement in the S1 into automatic battery disassembling equipment for disassembling; s3, classifying and recycling the materials disassembled in the S2; the automatic battery disassembling equipment adopted in the method can realize quick disassembling of the battery, the disassembling efficiency is high, liquid nitrogen cools a cutting part during cutting of the power battery, the situation that spontaneous combustion of the battery is caused due to overhigh temperature during cutting is avoided, the battery is prevented from exploding, the battery cutting is positioned in the box body, personal safety of disassembling personnel is facilitated, and the gas filtering mechanism avoids the situation that waste gas pollutes the environment during disassembling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery recovery, and particularly relates to a safe and automatic disassembling method for a waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery through controllable discharge.
Background
The hard-shell lithium ion power battery is a power supply for providing a power source for tools, and is one of storage batteries for providing power for electric automobiles, electric trains, electric bicycles and golf carts, along with the rapid development of new energy automobiles, the recycling, disassembly and reutilization of waste power lithium ion batteries become a problem that the development process of new energy is not negligible, the waste power lithium ion batteries need to be disassembled after being recycled so as to reduce the pollution of the batteries to the environment, and the electrodes, the shell, the electrolyte and the like of the disassembled lithium ion batteries can still be reused, so that the disassembly of the lithium ion power batteries has important significance.
The manual work of current power battery adoption is mostly disassembled after discharging, at the in-process of disassembling, because the material, residual capacity's reason, probably cause the spontaneous combustion of battery and explosion even, it is slower not only to disassemble speed, spontaneous combustion or explosion cause huge threat to the safety of disassembling personnel and equipment, when disassembling power battery simultaneously, can produce waste gas, waste liquid, pollution such as waste residue, can cause great pollution for the environment, and probably produce toxic gas, be unfavorable for disassembling personnel's healthy, also do not benefit to the collection of electrolyte.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safe and automatic disassembling method for the controllable discharge of waste hard-shell lithium ion power batteries in order to solve the problems, the automatic battery disassembling equipment adopted in the method is provided with a cutting mechanism which can fix the power batteries to be disassembled between a first pressing plate and a second pressing plate, then the first motor and the second motor are started, the second motor drives a screw rod to rotate, a sliding block moves, a cutting knife is further used for cutting the power batteries, the disassembling efficiency is higher, liquid nitrogen cools the cutting position when the power batteries are cut, the spontaneous combustion condition of the batteries caused by overhigh temperature during cutting is avoided, the explosion condition of the batteries is avoided, and the battery cutting is positioned in a box body, thereby being beneficial to the personal safety of disassembling personnel; arranging a gas filtering mechanism, extracting waste gas generated by cutting the power battery by a fan from the box body, and sending the extracted gas into a gas filtering box; the polluted gas in the waste gas is absorbed by the alkaline solution in the gas filter box, then the gas after filtration is discharged by the exhaust pipe, the waste gas causes the condition of pollution to the environment when having avoided disassembling, has avoided disassembling personnel's condition of inhaling toxic gas simultaneously, has protected disassembling personnel's health, and the device contains filter screen and waste liquid receiving flask simultaneously, can clean effectual electrolyte among the collection power battery.
The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme, and provides a safe and automatic disassembly method for the controllable discharge of a waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery, which comprises the following steps:
s1, discharging the waste hard shell lithium ion power battery;
s2, placing the battery discharged in the S1 into automatic battery disassembling equipment for disassembling;
s3, classifying and recycling the materials disassembled in the S2;
the automatic battery disassembling equipment adopted in the method comprises a box body, an air cylinder, a second pressing plate, a storage plate, a supporting column, a second pressing plate, a transverse plate, a nitrogen tank, a second air pipe, a waste gas filtering mechanism and a cutting mechanism, wherein supporting legs are fixedly connected at four corners of the bottom surface of a bottom plate of the box body, the storage plate is horizontally and fixedly connected at the middle positions of the supporting legs, a waste liquid collecting bottle is placed at the top surface of the storage plate, the top end of the air cylinder is fixedly connected at the bottom surface of a top plate of the box body, the second pressing plate is horizontally and fixedly connected at the bottom end of the air cylinder, the supporting column is fixedly connected at the top surface of the bottom plate of the box body, the second pressing plate is horizontally and fixedly connected at the top surface of the supporting column, the second pressing plate and the second pressing plate are symmetrical in position, the second pressing plate is positioned right above the second pressing plate, the cutting mechanism, the filter screen is horizontally installed in the hollow groove, a funnel is fixedly connected to the periphery of the hollow groove on the bottom surface of the box body bottom plate, the bottom end of the funnel is positioned in a bottle opening of a waste liquid collecting bottle, the second air pipe is installed on one side surface of the box body, one end of the second air pipe extends into the box body, the horizontal and fixedly connected transverse plate is connected to one side surface of the box body, a nitrogen tank is placed on the top surface of the transverse plate, the output end of the nitrogen tank is hermetically connected with one end of the second air pipe, an electromagnetic valve is installed at the output end of the nitrogen tank, a hose is installed at one end of the second air pipe far away from the nitrogen tank, the waste gas filtering mechanism is installed at the top of the box body, a box door is hinged to one side surface of the box body, the cutting mechanism comprises an installation plate, a sliding block, a first motor, a guide rail, two groups of guide rail mounting plates and a group of lead screw mounting plates are mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate, the two groups of guide rail mounting plates are symmetrical with each other about the lead screw mounting plates, guide rails are fixedly connected on the two groups of guide rail mounting plates, the lead screw is mounted on the lead screw mounting plates through a bearing, a threaded hole matched with the lead screw is formed in one side surface of the slider, two through holes matched with the guide rails are formed in the surface of the threaded hole, the lead screw is in threaded mounting in the threaded hole of the slider, the two guide rails penetrate through the two through holes of the slider, a second motor mounting plate is fixedly connected on the top surface of the mounting plate, a second motor is mounted on one side surface of the second motor mounting plate, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected with one end of the lead screw, a first motor is mounted on the top surface, a first air pipe is horizontally arranged on the air pipe fixing plate, one end of the first air pipe is connected with one end of the hose, and a nozzle is arranged at the bottom of one end of the first air pipe far away from the hose; the waste gas filtering mechanism comprises a waste gas filtering box, a fan and an exhaust pipe, wherein the exhaust pipe is installed on a top plate of the box body, one end of the exhaust pipe extends to the inside of the box body, the top surface of the top plate of the box body is installed on the waste gas filtering box and the fan, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are installed on one side surface and the top surface of the waste gas filtering box respectively, one ends of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe extend into the waste gas filtering box, the input end of the fan is connected with one end of the exhaust pipe, the output end of the fan is connected with one end of the air inlet pipe, and a one-way.
Specifically, a liquid level observation window and a liquid filling opening are respectively arranged on one side surface and the top surface of the waste gas filtering box.
Specifically, two baffles are installed on the top surface of the box bottom plate, and the two baffles are respectively located on two sides of the hollow groove of the box bottom plate.
Specifically, the sealing strip is installed at the contact position of the box door and the box body, and the box door is provided with an observation window.
Specifically, the bottom surface of the top plate of the waste gas filtering box and the top end of the air outlet pipe are provided with activated carbon layers.
Specifically, corrosion-resistant rubber pads are attached to the top surface of the first pressing plate and the bottom surface of the second pressing plate.
Specifically, the sound insulation board is attached to the inner wall of the box door.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the automatic battery disassembling equipment adopted in the method is characterized in that a cutting mechanism is arranged to fix a power battery to be disassembled between a first pressing plate and a second pressing plate, then the first motor and the second motor are started, the second motor drives a screw rod to rotate, a sliding block is made to move, a cutting knife is further made to cut the power battery, the disassembling efficiency is high, liquid nitrogen cools a cutting position when the power battery is cut, the situation that battery spontaneous combustion is caused due to overhigh temperature during cutting is avoided, the battery explosion is avoided, the battery cutting is located in a box body, and the personal safety of disassembling personnel is facilitated.
(2) The automatic battery disassembling equipment adopted in the method is provided with the gas filtering mechanism, waste gas generated by cutting the power battery is extracted from the box body by the fan, the extracted gas is sent into the gas filtering box, polluted gas in the waste gas is absorbed by alkaline solution in the gas filtering box, and then the filtered gas is discharged by the exhaust pipe, so that the condition that the waste gas pollutes the environment during disassembling is avoided, meanwhile, the condition that disassembling personnel inhale toxic gas is avoided, the health of the disassembling personnel is protected, and meanwhile, the device comprises the filter screen and the waste liquid collecting bottle, and can cleanly and effectively collect electrolyte in the power battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic battery disassembling device used in the method;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the slider and mounting plate connection of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. waste gas filter box, 2, air inlet pipe, 3, check valve, 4, cylinder, 5, fan, 6, outlet duct, 7, exhaust tube, 8, first trachea, 9, box, 10, trachea fixed plate, 11, hose, 12, second trachea, 13, solenoid valve, 14, first motor, 15, slider, 16, nitrogen tank, 17, diaphragm, 18, mounting panel, 19, funnel, 20, object placing plate, 21, stabilizer blade, 22, waste liquid collecting bottle, 23, filter screen, 24, support column, 25, first clamp plate, 26, second clamp plate, 27, box door, 28, second motor mounting panel, 29, second motor, 30, guide rail mounting panel, 31, guide rail, 32, lead screw, 33, cutting knife, 34, lead screw mounting panel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a method for safely and automatically disassembling a waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery by controlled discharge includes the following steps:
s1, discharging the waste hard shell lithium ion power battery;
s2, placing the battery discharged in the S1 into automatic battery disassembling equipment for disassembling;
s3, classifying and recycling the materials disassembled in the S2;
the automatic battery disassembling equipment adopted in the method comprises a box body 9, a cylinder 4, a second pressing plate 26, an object placing plate 20, a supporting column 24, a first pressing plate 25, a transverse plate 17, a nitrogen tank 16, a second air pipe 12, a waste gas filtering mechanism and a cutting mechanism, wherein supporting legs 21 are fixedly connected at four corners of the bottom surface of the bottom plate of the box body 9, the object placing plate 20 is horizontally and fixedly connected at the middle positions of the supporting legs 21 to facilitate the placement of a waste liquid collecting bottle 22, the waste liquid collecting bottle 22 is placed on the top surface of the object placing plate 20 to facilitate the collection of electrolyte, the top end of the cylinder 4 is fixedly connected at the bottom surface of the top plate of the box body 9 to facilitate the fixation of waste batteries, the bottom end of the cylinder 4 is horizontally and fixedly connected with the second pressing plate 26, the supporting column 24 is fixedly connected at the top surface of the bottom plate of the box body 9, the first pressing plate 25 is horizontally and fixedly connected with the top, the second pressing plate 26 is positioned right above the first pressing plate 25, the cutting mechanism is installed on the top surface of the bottom plate of the box body 9, a hollow groove is formed in the bottom plate of the box body 9, electrolyte is convenient to collect, the hollow groove is positioned between the supporting column 24 and the cutting mechanism, a filter screen 23 is horizontally installed in the hollow groove, waste residues during cutting are convenient to filter, the purity of electrolyte collection is improved, a funnel 19 is fixedly connected to the periphery of the hollow groove in the bottom surface of the bottom plate of the box body 9, electrolyte is convenient to introduce into the waste liquid collecting bottle 22, the bottom end of the funnel 19 is positioned in the bottle opening of the waste liquid collecting bottle 22, the second air pipe 12 is installed on one side surface of the box body 9, one end of the second air pipe 12 extends into the box body 9, the transverse plate 17 is horizontally and fixedly connected to one side surface of the box body 9, the nitrogen tank 16 is placed on the top surface of the transverse plate 17, the output end, the output end of the nitrogen tank 16 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 13, so that the nitrogen tank 16 can be conveniently opened and closed, one end of a second air pipe 12 far away from the nitrogen tank 16 is provided with a hose 11, the hose 11 is long enough, the waste gas filtering mechanism is arranged at the top of the box body 9, and one side surface of the box body 9 is hinged with a box door 27, so that the sealing performance of the device can be conveniently improved, and the gas leakage can be avoided;
the cutting mechanism comprises a mounting plate 18, a slider 15, a first motor 14, a guide rail 31, a lead screw 32, a guide rail mounting plate 30, a second motor 29 and a lead screw mounting plate 34, the mounting plate 18 is mounted on the top surface of the bottom plate of the box body 9 through bolts, two sets of guide rail mounting plates 30 and a set of lead screw mounting plate 34 are mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate 18, the guide rail mounting plates 30 are symmetrical to each other about the lead screw mounting plate 34, and are two sets of guide rail mounting plates 30 are fixedly connected with the guide rail 31, so that the slider 15 can move conveniently, the lead screw 32 is mounted on the lead screw mounting plate 34 through a bearing, a side surface of the slider 15 is provided with a threaded hole matched with the lead screw 32, and the surface of the threaded hole is provided with two through holes matched with the guide rail 31, the lead screw 32 is threadedly, the two guide rails 31 penetrate through the two through holes of the sliding block 15, the top surface of the mounting plate 18 is fixedly connected with a second motor mounting plate 28, a second motor 29 is arranged on one side surface of the second motor mounting plate 28, the output end of the second motor 29 is fixedly connected with one end of a screw rod 32, so that the screw rod 32 is driven to rotate, the top surface of the sliding block 15 is provided with a first motor 14, the output end of the first motor 14 is provided with a cutting knife 33, which is convenient for cutting the power battery, the top of the first motor 14 is provided with an air pipe fixing plate 10, a first air pipe 8 is horizontally arranged on the air pipe fixing plate 10, one end of the first air pipe 8 is connected with one end of the hose, and a nozzle is arranged at the bottom of one end of the first air pipe 8 far away from the hose 11, so that nitrogen can be conveniently sprayed to the cutting position when the power battery is cut, and the conditions of cooling and combustion prevention are achieved;
the waste gas filtering mechanism comprises a waste gas filtering box 1, a fan 5 and an air exhaust pipe 7, the air exhaust pipe 7 is arranged on the top plate of a box body 9, one end of the exhaust pipe 7 extends to the inside of the box body 9, so that exhaust gas can be conveniently extracted, the exhaust gas filter box 1 and the fan 5 are both arranged on the top surface of the top plate of the box body 9, an air inlet pipe 2 and an air outlet pipe 6 are respectively arranged on one side surface and the top surface of the waste gas filtering box 1, one end of the air inlet pipe 2 and one end of the air outlet pipe 6 both extend into the waste gas filtering box 1, the input end of the fan 5 is connected with one end of the air exhaust pipe 7, the output of fan 5 is connected with the one end of intake pipe 2, install check valve 3 on the output of fan 5, avoid in 1 interior alkaline solution of exhaust gas filter case flows into fan 5, add in 1 of exhaust gas filter case and have alkaline solution, the absorption of the waste gas of being convenient for is filtered.
A liquid level observation window and a liquid adding port are respectively arranged on one side surface and the top surface of the waste gas filtering box 1, so that the addition of an alkaline solution and the observation of the liquid level are facilitated; the two baffles are arranged on the top surface of the bottom plate of the box body 9 and are respectively positioned on two sides of the hollow groove of the bottom plate of the box body 9, so that the electrolyte of the power battery can conveniently flow into the waste liquid collecting bottle 22, and the electrolyte is prevented from flowing randomly; the contact part of the box door 27 and the box body 9 is provided with a sealing strip, so that the sealing performance of the device is improved conveniently, the filtering of waste gas is facilitated, and the box door 27 is provided with an observation window, so that the cutting process of the power battery is convenient to observe; the bottom surface of the top plate of the waste gas filtering box 1 and the top end of the gas outlet pipe 6 are provided with activated carbon layers, so that the absorption of gas taste is facilitated; corrosion-resistant rubber pads are attached to the top surface of the first pressing plate 25 and the bottom surface of the second pressing plate 26, so that the power battery can be fixed conveniently; the sound insulation board is attached to the inner wall of the box door 27, so that noise is absorbed when the power battery is cut conveniently.
When the invention is used, electrical elements appearing in the application are externally connected with a power supply and a control switch when in use, a proper amount of alkaline solution is added into the waste gas filter box 1 through a liquid adding port of the waste gas filter box 1, the box door 27 is opened, the discharged waste hard shell lithium ion power battery is placed on the top surface of the first pressing plate 25, the end part to be cut and the cutting knife 33 are positioned on the same vertical line, then the cylinder 4 is controlled to move through the control switch, the second pressing plate 26 is pressed against the power battery to be disassembled, the first pressing plate 25 and the second pressing plate 26 can simultaneously fix a plurality of power batteries to be cut in the same specification, after the fixation is finished, the box door 27 is closed, the first motor 14, the fan 5, the electromagnetic valve 13 and the second motor 29 of the control switch starting device are controlled, at the moment, the second motor 29 moves to drive the screw rod 32 to rotate, and the slide block 15 is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the slide block 15 is limited by the two guide rails 31 in the direction, at the moment, the slide block 15 is enabled to displace on the screw rod 32, the first motor 14 on the slide block 15 works, the cutting knife 33 is enabled to rotate rapidly, the first motor 14 is fixedly arranged on the slide block 15, at the moment, the first motor 14 moves along with the slide block 15, the hard shell of the fixed power battery is cut, when the cutting knife 33 cuts the power battery, the electromagnetic valve 13 is opened, nitrogen in the nitrogen tank 16 reaches the hose 11 through the second air pipe 12, and is finally sprayed to a cutting position through a nozzle at the bottom of the first air pipe 8, due to the low temperature of liquid nitrogen, the situation that the power battery burns due to overhigh temperature during cutting is avoided, after the power battery is cut and cut, polluted gas and electrolyte can be generated, at the moment, the fan 5 extracts the polluted gas in the gas extraction pipe 7 and then sends the polluted gas into the waste gas filtering box 1, because what add in waste gas rose box 1 is alkaline solution, can absorb waste gas and filter, then the gas after filtering is discharged by the outlet duct 6 at waste gas rose box 1 top, the production of waste gas when having avoided disassembling power battery, be favorable to disassembling personnel's health, power battery's electrolyte flows into funnel 19 by the fretwork groove, then flow into waste liquid collecting bottle 22 by funnel 19, can carry out the recycle of electrolyte, filter screen 23 can filter the waste residue when cutting power battery, be favorable to the recovery of electrolyte.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A safe and automatic disassembling method for waste hard-shell lithium ion power batteries through controllable discharge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, discharging the waste hard shell lithium ion power battery;
s2, placing the discharged battery in the S1 into automatic battery disassembling equipment for disassembling;
s3, classifying and recycling the materials disassembled in the S2;
the automatic battery disassembling equipment adopted in the method comprises a box body (9), a cylinder (4), a second pressing plate (26), an object placing plate (20), supporting columns (24), a first pressing plate (25), a transverse plate (17), a nitrogen tank (16), a second air pipe (12), a waste gas filtering mechanism and a cutting mechanism, wherein supporting legs (21) are fixedly connected at four corners of the bottom plate of the box body (9), the object placing plate (20) is horizontally and fixedly connected at the middle positions of the supporting legs (21), a waste liquid collecting bottle (22) is placed on the top surface of the object placing plate (20), the top end of the cylinder (4) is fixedly connected at the bottom surface of the top plate of the box body (9), the bottom end of the cylinder (4) is horizontally and fixedly connected with the second pressing plate (26), the supporting column (24) is fixedly connected at the top surface of the bottom plate of the box body (9), the top surface of the supporting, the second pressing plate (26) and the first pressing plate (25) are symmetrical in position, the second pressing plate (26) is located right above the first pressing plate (25), the cutting mechanism is installed on the top surface of a bottom plate of the box body (9), a hollowed-out groove is formed in the bottom plate of the box body (9), the hollowed-out groove is located between the supporting column (24) and the cutting mechanism, a filter screen (23) is horizontally installed in the hollowed-out groove, a funnel (19) is fixedly connected to the periphery of the hollowed-out groove in the bottom surface of the bottom plate of the box body (9), the bottom end of the funnel (19) is located in a bottle opening of a waste liquid collecting bottle (22), the second air pipe (12) is installed on one side surface of the box body (9), one end of the second air pipe (12) extends into the box body (9), the transverse plate (17) is horizontally and fixedly connected to one side surface of the box body (9), and a tank (16) is placed on, the output end of the nitrogen tank (16) is hermetically connected with one end of a second air pipe (12), the output end of the nitrogen tank (16) is provided with an electromagnetic valve (13), one end of the second air pipe (12) far away from the nitrogen tank (16) is provided with a hose (11), the waste gas filtering mechanism is arranged at the top of the box body (9), and one side surface of the box body (9) is hinged with a box door (27);
the cutting mechanism comprises a mounting plate (18), a sliding block (15), a first motor (14), a guide rail (31), a lead screw (32), a guide rail mounting plate (30), a second motor (29) and a lead screw mounting plate (34), wherein the mounting plate (18) is mounted on the top surface of a bottom plate of a box body (9) through bolts, two sets of guide rail mounting plates (30) and one set of lead screw mounting plate (34) are mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate (18), the two sets of guide rail mounting plates (30) are mutually symmetrical about the lead screw mounting plate (34), the guide rail (31) are fixedly connected on the two sets of guide rail mounting plates (30), the lead screw (32) is mounted on the lead screw mounting plate (34) through a bearing, a side surface of the sliding block (15) is provided with a threaded hole matched with the lead screw (32), the surface where the threaded hole is provided with two through holes matched with the guide rail (31), the two guide rails (31) penetrate through two through holes of the sliding block (15), a second motor mounting plate (28) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting plate (18), a second motor (29) is mounted on one side surface of the second motor mounting plate (28), the output end of the second motor (29) is fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod (32), a first motor (14) is mounted on the top surface of the sliding block (15), a cutting knife (33) is mounted at the output end of the first motor (14), an air pipe fixing plate (10) is mounted at the top of the first motor (14), a first air pipe (8) is horizontally mounted on the air pipe fixing plate (10), one end of the first air pipe (8) is connected with one end of the hose, and a nozzle is mounted at the bottom of one end of the first air pipe (8) far away from the hose (11);
waste gas filtering mechanism includes waste gas rose box (1), fan (5) and exhaust tube (7), exhaust tube (7) are installed on the roof of box (9), and the one end of exhaust tube (7) extends to the inside of box (9), the top surface at box (9) roof is all installed in waste gas rose box (1) and fan (5), intake pipe (2) and outlet duct (6) are installed respectively to the side and the top surface of waste gas rose box (1), the one end of intake pipe (2) and outlet duct (6) all extends to in waste gas rose box (1), the input of fan (5) is connected with the one end of exhaust tube (7), the output of fan (5) is connected with the one end of intake pipe (2), install check valve (3) on the output of fan (5).
2. The method for safely and automatically disassembling the waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery in a controlled discharge manner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and a liquid level observation window and a liquid filling port are respectively arranged on one side surface and the top surface of the waste gas filtering box (1).
3. The method for safely and automatically disassembling the waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery in a controlled discharge manner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two baffles are arranged on the top surface of the bottom plate of the box body (9), and the two baffles are respectively positioned on two sides of the hollow-out groove of the bottom plate of the box body (9).
4. The method for safely and automatically disassembling the waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery in a controlled discharge manner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: sealing strips are arranged at the contact positions of the box door (27) and the box body (9), and an observation window is arranged on the box door (27).
5. The method for safely and automatically disassembling the waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery in a controlled discharge manner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and the bottom surface of the top plate of the waste gas filtering box (1) and the top end of the air outlet pipe (6) are provided with activated carbon layers.
6. The method for safely and automatically disassembling the waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery in a controlled discharge manner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and corrosion-resistant rubber pads are attached to the top surface of the first pressing plate (25) and the bottom surface of the second pressing plate (26).
7. The method for safely and automatically disassembling the waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery in a controlled discharge manner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and the inner wall of the box door (27) is attached with a sound insulation board.
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| CN110624942B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-07-10 | 常州市第一人民医院 | Dry powder jar centralized processing breaks and tears flowing back sorter open |
| CN110756558B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-09-28 | 南京工业职业技术学院 | New forms of energy power battery recovery plant |
| CN111162338B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-04-09 | 深圳市换换优品科技有限公司 | Waste lithium battery pack disassembling and recycling equipment |
| CN111299302B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-05-11 | 张聪芒 | Battery treatment equipment |
| CN114798674B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-06-16 | 杭州氢源科技有限公司 | Disassembling and recycling device of metal hydride hydrogen storage device and using method |
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| CA2199096C (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 2001-01-23 | Soichiro Kawakami | Process and apparatus for recovering components of sealed type battery |
| CN105811041B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-05-08 | 株洲鼎端装备股份有限公司 | A kind of applying waste lithium ionic power battery recovery and processing system |
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| CN106816664B (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2023-01-24 | 天津赛德美新能源科技有限公司 | Safe and automatic disassembling device for controllable discharge of waste hard-shell lithium ion power battery |
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