CN109346277B - Method for automatically controlling temperature of transformer room - Google Patents

Method for automatically controlling temperature of transformer room Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109346277B
CN109346277B CN201811291604.0A CN201811291604A CN109346277B CN 109346277 B CN109346277 B CN 109346277B CN 201811291604 A CN201811291604 A CN 201811291604A CN 109346277 B CN109346277 B CN 109346277B
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temperature
module
fan
trigger
control
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CN109346277A (en
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周鸣
韩浩江
柴俊
崔若涵
沈贤杰
王备
吴昊
孙铮
张海清
杨杰
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State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/085—Cooling by ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/0003—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
    • H02P2207/01—Asynchronous machines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

A method for automatically controlling the temperature of a transformer room belongs to the field of indoor temperature control. A fan control module is formed by adopting an RS trigger module, a selection module and a motor control module; the RS trigger module is used for starting the fan when the temperature is increased to 40 ℃, and closing the control strategy of the fan when the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃ so as to avoid the excessively frequent start-stop loss of the fan; the selection module outputs a set temperature of 35 ℃ and a real-time room temperature, parameters in the module are determined by debugging a PI module on site to meet the requirement of rapid cooling, and the calculated temperature difference is input into the PI module to obtain the angular speed omega required by the motor; a motor control module adopts a control strategy that id is 0, d-q axis current of a system is independently controlled through a PI regulator, and a PWM frequency converter is output and controlled through a three-phase SVPWM regulator, so that the rotating speed of a three-phase asynchronous motor of the centrifugal fan is controlled. The loss of the fan which is started and stopped too frequently can be avoided, and the stepless speed regulation can be carried out on the operation of the centrifugal fan to the maximum extent.

Description

Method for automatically controlling temperature of transformer room
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of indoor temperature control, and particularly relates to a method for automatically controlling the temperature of a transformer room.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of residents and the continuous increase of electricity consumption in life and production in summer, the load born by the transformer of the transformer substation is high in innovation. According to statistics of 35KV transformer substations in the jurisdiction range of a central station in a certain area in recent 2 years, during the peak-meeting summer period, nearly 30 main transformers are in an overload operation state every day every year; wherein the oil temperature of the upper layer of 16 main transformer bodies exceeds 80 ℃ and is signaled. The insulation aging can be accelerated by overhigh temperature of the main transformer, the internal loss is increased, and the transformer can be burnt down in severe cases.
At present, the traditional cooling method of a main transformer chamber comprises the following steps:
forming air convection natural cooling through shutters around a main transformer chamber;
secondly, high-power fans are arranged around the main transformer body to accelerate air circulation around the main transformer;
and thirdly, a fan is arranged below the main transformer radiating fins to accelerate the heat evaporation of the radiating fins.
The traditional cooling method has the disadvantages that the cooling requirement of a main transformer with a rapidly increased load can not be met:
the first method has a disadvantage in that the effective area of the ventilation window of the transformer room is insufficient due to the limitation of the civil structure of the transformer room. The size of a transformer room in a newly-built transformer station is limited by the column distance of the whole building, the depth of some transformer rooms is too deep, and the transformer is far away from the positions of the air inlet and outlet louvers, so that the ventilation effect around the transformer is weakened. Meanwhile, as the shutter on the upper part of the transformer chamber is easy to accumulate dust to block the air circulation, but is limited by the difficulty in cleaning the safety distance between an operator and the transformer bus bar, the air flow efficiency in the main transformer chamber is greatly reduced.
The second method has the disadvantages that the placement of the fan and the starting and stopping of the fan need to be manually controlled, and more manpower needs to be used every day during the peak-meeting summer crossing. Because the function of the fan is limited to driving the indoor hot air to circulate, cold and hot air flow exchange cannot be formed. And four high-power fans are started simultaneously, and the heat emitted by the running of the motor is not small, so that the method for placing the high-power fans consumes manpower and cannot realize high heat dissipation efficiency.
The third method has disadvantages in that the fan installed under the heat sink requires a secondary circuit for voltage transformation for maintenance and repair, which is very inconvenient. Meanwhile, the method can not form hot and cold air convection, the cooling efficiency is not high, and the cost performance is low compared with the maintenance cost.
In addition, the existing temperature control system can only set an upper temperature control threshold and a lower temperature control threshold generally, and does not have a stepless variable frequency speed regulation function, so that on one hand, the running efficiency of the fan is influenced, and on the other hand, unnecessary running cost and electricity charge cost are also increased for the transformer substation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for automatically controlling the temperature of a transformer chamber. An RS trigger module is adopted to generate upper and lower limit temperature control threshold values, a control strategy of starting the fan when the temperature rises to 40 ℃ and closing the fan when the temperature falls to 35 ℃ is adopted, and excessively frequent start and stop loss of the fan is avoided; the d-q axis current of the system is independently controlled through the PI regulator, and then is output through the three-phase SVPWM regulator to control the PWM frequency converter through PWM waves, so that the rotating speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor of the centrifugal fan is controlled, the stepless speed regulation can be performed on the operation of the centrifugal fan to the maximum extent, and the output power of the fan driving motor is automatically regulated.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for automatically controlling the temperature of the transformer room comprises the steps that a temperature detection element is adopted to detect the temperature in the transformer room, a fan control module controls the centrifugal fan to start/stop according to the indoor temperature, outdoor cold air is pumped into the transformer room, and indoor hot air is discharged out of the room through the centrifugal fan; the method is characterized in that:
the fan control module consists of an RS trigger module, a selection module and a motor control module;
the RS trigger module is used for starting the fan when the temperature is increased to 40 ℃, and closing the control strategy of the fan when the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃ so as to avoid the excessively frequent start-stop loss of the fan;
the selection module outputs a set temperature of 35 ℃ and a real-time room temperature, parameters in the module are determined by debugging the PI module on site to meet the requirement of rapid cooling, and the calculated temperature difference is input into the PI module to obtain the angular speed omega required by the motor;
the motor control module adopts a control strategy that id is 0, d-q axis current of the system is independently controlled through a PI regulator, and a PWM wave is output through a three-phase SVPWM regulator to control a PWM frequency converter, so that the rotating speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor of the centrifugal fan is controlled.
Specifically, the RS flip-flop is formed by cross-coupling two nand gates, and can reliably enter any one of two stable states under the drive of an input signal.
Specifically, the RS trigger module sets a first temperature threshold of 35 ℃ and a second temperature threshold of 40 ℃;
in the temperature rise process, when the indoor temperature reaches 35 ℃, the pulse generator 2 sends out a pulse, and the trigger Q is set to be 0;
when the temperature continues to rise, S is 0R is 0, and the trigger keeps the original state;
when the temperature continues to rise to 40 ℃, the pulse generator 1 sends out a pulse, the trigger Q is set to be 1, and the output of the trigger keeps the original state along with the rise of the temperature;
during the cooling process, when the indoor temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, the RS trigger still keeps the state of Q-1 until the indoor temperature is reduced to 35 ℃, the output Q of the trigger is 0 and the trigger is kept in the state.
Specifically, the input of the selection module is the output voltage of the RS flip-flop, and the middle value of the selection module is set to 2.5V;
when the Q output of the RS trigger is 1, outputting a high level 5V;
when the selection module inputs 5V, the set temperature of 35 ℃ and the real-time room temperature are respectively output if the judgment voltage is greater than 2.5V.
Furthermore, the motor control module adopts a control strategy that id is 0, a direct-axis current reference value id is given as 0, and a quadrature-axis reference current signal iq is obtained through a rotating speed closed loop; the d-q axis current of the system is independently controlled through the PI regulator, and then is output through the three-phase SVPWM regulator to control the PWM frequency converter through PWM waves, so that the rotating speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor of the centrifugal fan is controlled.
Furthermore, the fan control module consists of an RS trigger module, a selection module and a vector control module;
the temperature sensor module is responsible for detecting the ambient temperature above the transformer chamber and feeding the ambient temperature back to the control loop in real time;
the RS trigger module can realize that the control module starts the fan when the ambient temperature rises to 40 ℃; when the ambient temperature is reduced to 35 ℃, the control module closes the fan;
the vector control module can automatically adjust the output power of the fan driving motor according to the temperature of the site.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. an RS trigger module is adopted to generate upper and lower limit temperature control threshold values, a control strategy of starting the fan when the temperature rises to 40 ℃ and closing the fan when the temperature falls to 35 ℃ is adopted, and excessively frequent start and stop loss of the fan can be avoided;
2. the vector control module is adopted to automatically adjust the output power of the fan driving motor according to the temperature of the field, and the electric energy loss of the centrifugal fan and the operation cost of a transformer substation are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an RS flip-flop circuit;
FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the RS flip-flop module based on logic selection according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a control block diagram of the motor control module of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a method for automatically controlling the temperature of a transformer room, which comprises the steps of detecting the temperature in the transformer room by adopting a temperature detection element, controlling the starting/stopping of a centrifugal fan by a fan control module according to the indoor temperature, pumping outdoor cold air into the transformer room, and discharging indoor hot air out of the room by the centrifugal fan; the invention is characterized in that:
the fan control module consists of an RS trigger module, a selection module and a motor control module;
the RS trigger module is used for starting the fan when the temperature is increased to 40 ℃, and closing the control strategy of the fan when the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃ so as to avoid the excessively frequent start-stop loss of the fan;
the selection module outputs a set temperature of 35 ℃ and a real-time room temperature, parameters in the module are determined by debugging the PI module on site to meet the requirement of rapid cooling, and the calculated temperature difference is input into the PI module to obtain the angular speed omega required by the motor;
the motor control module adopts a control strategy that id is 0, d-q axis current of the system is independently controlled through a PI regulator, and a PWM wave is output through a three-phase SVPWM regulator to control a PWM frequency converter, so that the rotating speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor of the centrifugal fan is controlled.
Specifically, the RS flip-flop is formed by cross-coupling two nand gates, and can reliably enter any one of two stable states under the drive of an input signal.
Specifically, the RS trigger module sets a first temperature threshold of 35 ℃ and a second temperature threshold of 40 ℃;
in the temperature rise process, when the indoor temperature reaches 35 ℃, the pulse generator 2 sends out a pulse, and the trigger Q is set to be 0;
when the temperature continues to rise, S is 0R is 0, and the trigger keeps the original state;
when the temperature continues to rise to 40 ℃, the pulse generator 1 sends out a pulse, the trigger Q is set to be 1, and the output of the trigger keeps the original state along with the rise of the temperature;
during the cooling process, when the indoor temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, the RS trigger still keeps the state of Q-1 until the indoor temperature is reduced to 35 ℃, the output Q of the trigger is 0 and the trigger is kept in the state.
Specifically, the input of the selection module is the output voltage of the RS flip-flop, and the middle value of the selection module is set to 2.5V;
when the Q output of the RS trigger is 1, outputting a high level 5V;
when the selection module inputs 5V, the set temperature of 35 ℃ and the real-time room temperature are respectively output if the judgment voltage is greater than 2.5V.
Furthermore, the motor control module adopts a control strategy that id is 0, a direct-axis current reference value id is given as 0, and a quadrature-axis reference current signal iq is obtained through a rotating speed closed loop; the d-q axis current of the system is independently controlled through the PI regulator, and then is output through the three-phase SVPWM regulator to control the PWM frequency converter through PWM waves, so that the rotating speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor of the centrifugal fan is controlled.
Furthermore, the fan control module consists of an RS trigger module, a selection module and a vector control module;
the temperature sensor module is responsible for detecting the ambient temperature above the transformer chamber and feeding the ambient temperature back to the control loop in real time;
the RS trigger module can realize that the control module starts the fan when the ambient temperature rises to 40 ℃; when the ambient temperature is reduced to 35 ℃, the control module closes the fan;
the vector control module can automatically adjust the output power of the fan driving motor according to the temperature of the site.
In fig. 1, the RS flip-flop is configured by cross-coupling two nand gates, and can reliably enter any one of two stable states when driven by an input signal.
In fig. 2, two temperature thresholds 35 ℃ and 40 ℃ are set in the present embodiment, when the room temperature reaches 35 ℃, the pulse generator 2 sends out a pulse, the R port in the RS flip-flop is set to 1, and at this time, the input of the flip-flop is S-0R-1, and the flip-flop Q is set to 0. When the temperature continues to rise, S is 0R is 0, and the trigger keeps the original state. When the temperature continues to rise to 40, the pulse generator 1 sends out a pulse, the port S of the RS trigger is set to 1, the output of the trigger is S-1R-0, the trigger Q is set to 1, and the output of the trigger keeps the original state along with the rise of the temperature. During the cooling process, the RS flip-flop still keeps the state of Q ═ 1 when the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, until the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃, the input of the flip-flop is S ═ 0R ═ 1, at this time, the output Q ═ 0 is kept in the state. The RS trigger can start the fan when the temperature rises to 40 ℃, and close the control strategy of the fan when the temperature drops to 35 ℃, so that the excessively frequent start and stop loss of the fan is avoided.
The input of the selection module in the technical scheme is the output voltage of the RS trigger, the output high level is 5V, and the output low level is 0V.
The intermediate value of 2.5V is set in the selection module.
When the output of the RS flip-flop Q is 1, a high level 5V is output. When the selection module inputs 5V, if the judgment voltage is greater than 2.5V, the set temperature of 35 ℃ and the real-time room temperature are respectively output.
And selecting the worst environment condition, and debugging the PI module on site to determine the parameters in the module so as to meet the requirement of rapid cooling. And inputting the calculated temperature difference into a PI module to obtain the angular speed omega required by the motor.
In fig. 3, the motor control module in the present technical solution adopts a control strategy of id ═ 0, a direct axis current reference value id ═ 0 is given, and a quadrature axis reference current signal iq is obtained by a rotating speed closed loop; the d-q axis current of the system is independently controlled through the PI regulator, and then is output through the three-phase SVPWM regulator to control the PWM frequency converter through the PWM wave, so that the rotating speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor is controlled.
The indoor temperature of the transformer room is compared on a day that the air temperature, the load current and the transformer temperature of a certain transformer station are close in two years, and the indoor temperature of the transformer room is obviously reduced after the technical scheme is used, so that the expected technical effect is achieved.
Date Temperature of the day Load current Temperature of transformer Indoor temperature
2016 (8 months) and 22 days 32℃ 963A 78℃ 56℃
8 and 16 months in 2017 32℃ 958A 68℃ 41℃
According to the technical scheme, the RS trigger module is adopted to generate the upper and lower limit temperature control threshold values, the control strategy of starting the fan when the temperature rises to 40 ℃ and closing the fan when the temperature falls to 35 ℃ is adopted, and the excessively frequent start and stop loss of the fan can be avoided; the vector control module is adopted to automatically adjust the output power of the fan driving motor according to the temperature of the field, and the electric energy loss of the centrifugal fan and the operation cost of a transformer substation are reduced.
The invention can be widely applied to the field of design and manufacture of temperature control systems of various transformer chambers.

Claims (5)

1. A method for automatically controlling the temperature of a transformer room comprises the steps that a temperature detection element is adopted to detect the temperature in the transformer room, a fan control module controls the starting/stopping of a centrifugal fan according to the indoor temperature, outdoor cold air is pumped into the transformer room, and indoor hot air is discharged out of the room through the centrifugal fan; the fan control module consists of an RS trigger module, a selection module and a motor control module; the method is characterized in that:
the RS trigger module is used for starting the fan when the temperature is increased to 40 ℃, and closing the control strategy of the fan when the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃ so as to avoid the excessively frequent start-stop loss of the fan;
the selection module outputs a set temperature of 35 ℃ and a real-time room temperature, parameters in the module are determined by debugging the PI module on site to meet the requirement of rapid cooling, and the calculated temperature difference is input into the PI module to obtain the angular speed omega required by the motor;
the motor control module adopts a control strategy that id is 0, d-q axis current of the system is independently controlled through a PI regulator, and a PWM wave is output through a three-phase SVPWM regulator to control a PWM frequency converter, so that the rotating speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor of the centrifugal fan is controlled;
the input of the selection module is the output voltage of the RS trigger, and an intermediate value of 2.5V is set in the selection module; when the Q output of the RS trigger is 1, outputting a high level 5V; when the selection module inputs 5V, if the judgment voltage is greater than 2.5V, respectively outputting the set temperature of 35 ℃ and the real-time room temperature;
according to the method for automatically controlling the temperature of the transformer room, d-q axis current of a system is independently controlled through the PI regulator, and PWM waves are output through the three-phase SVPWM regulator to control the PWM frequency converter, so that the rotating speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor of the centrifugal fan is controlled, stepless speed regulation can be performed on the operation of the centrifugal fan to the maximum extent, and the output power of a fan driving motor is automatically adjusted.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the RS flip-flop is cross-coupled with two nand gates, and is capable of reliably entering any one of two stable states driven by the input signal.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the RS trigger module sets a first temperature threshold of 35 ℃ and a second temperature threshold of 40 ℃;
in the temperature rise process, when the indoor temperature reaches 35 ℃, the pulse generator 2 sends out a pulse, and the trigger Q is set to be 0;
when the temperature continues to rise, S is 0, R is 0, and the trigger keeps the original state;
when the temperature continues to rise to 40 ℃, the pulse generator 1 sends out a pulse, the trigger Q is set to be 1, and the output of the trigger keeps the original state along with the rise of the temperature;
during the cooling process, when the indoor temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, the RS trigger still keeps the state of Q-1 until the indoor temperature is reduced to 35 ℃, the output Q of the trigger is 0 and the trigger is kept in the state.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the motor control module employs a control strategy of id-0, giving a direct-axis current reference value id-0, and obtaining a quadrature-axis reference current signal iq from a rotational speed closed loop; the d-q axis current of the system is independently controlled through the PI regulator, and then is output through the three-phase SVPWM regulator to control the PWM frequency converter through PWM waves, so that the rotating speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor of the centrifugal fan is controlled.
5. The method for automatically controlling the temperature of a transformer room according to claim 1, wherein the fan control module is composed of an RS trigger module, a selection module and a vector control module;
the temperature sensor module is responsible for detecting the ambient temperature above the transformer chamber and feeding the ambient temperature back to the control loop in real time;
the RS trigger module can realize that the control module starts the fan when the ambient temperature rises to 40 ℃; when the ambient temperature is reduced to 35 ℃, the control module closes the fan;
the vector control module can automatically adjust the output power of the fan driving motor according to the temperature of the site.
CN201811291604.0A 2018-10-31 2018-10-31 Method for automatically controlling temperature of transformer room Active CN109346277B (en)

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CN109885111B (en) * 2019-04-24 2021-03-19 宁波三星智能电气有限公司 Heat dissipation control method and device and charging pile
CN110133319B (en) * 2019-05-10 2022-01-28 国网上海市电力公司 Quick earthing switch main shaft angular velocity detection device among GIS equipment

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CN2378813Y (en) * 1999-05-17 2000-05-17 沈阳变压器有限责任公司 Controller of cooler for transformer
CN2428364Y (en) * 2000-05-25 2001-05-02 夏冬新 Temp. control device of water-tank of automobile engine
CN2452102Y (en) * 2000-11-23 2001-10-03 庞启东 Transverse flow multistage regulating air cooling apparatus for dry type transformer
CN1325851C (en) * 2005-11-17 2007-07-11 上海交通大学 Industrial factory building safety energy-saving mixed ventilating control system
JP2010003715A (en) * 2008-06-18 2010-01-07 Meidensha Corp Air-cooled transformer
CN202633799U (en) * 2012-07-06 2012-12-26 江西伊发变压器有限公司 Box-type transformer substation with temperature protection device
CN202995429U (en) * 2012-12-19 2013-06-12 宁夏电力公司中卫供电局 Frequency conversion air-cooling control device of transformer
CN206272129U (en) * 2016-10-31 2017-06-20 宿迁中电电气有限公司 A kind of Prefabricated high-low voltage transformer substation

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