Background
After disasters such as earthquake collapse debris flow and the like occur, how to quickly search and position rescue survivors is a problem which needs to be solved urgently, and the allocation and rescue training of search and rescue equipment and equipment are comprehensively enhanced in various places at present. In the rescue search process, a radar life detector is generally used at present, and is a vital sign target search device integrating radar technology and biomedical engineering technology, and can penetrate through nonmetallic media (brick walls, ruins and the like) to detect human vital signs (such as breathing, heartbeat, body movement and the like) in a non-contact manner and remotely, and the radar life detector has no any restriction on a measured object, can penetrate through certain media (such as brick walls, ruins and the like) at a certain distance to identify and detect human targets with vital signs in a non-contact manner, and therefore, the radar life detector is widely used in the fields of disaster buried personnel search and rescue, partition wall monitoring in anti-terrorism warfare, battlefield reconnaissance and the like. However, the operation and use of the radar life detection instrument need to have certain professional knowledge, so that daily simulation training is an essential link for ensuring that the radar life detection instrument can effectively play a role in the rescue process.
At present, rescue training is usually performed by directly using real people as trapped people, and the defects of low efficiency, simple scene, single training, poor safety and the like exist. Although a radar life detection instrument equipment manufacturer has product delivery inspection equipment, the equipment is large in size, has the problems of inconvenience in use of search and rescue training, single signal source type (generally adopting a mechanical type), low universality, low environmental tolerance, unreliable service life and the like, and cannot meet the requirements of rescue simulation training.
Some devices capable of realizing vital sign simulation exist in the prior art, but the devices are generally applied to the medical field, namely, simulation signals are provided for various medical rescue devices, the types and forms of the signals are obviously different from those of signals required by life detection instruments for rescue, and the medical vital sign simulation devices are generally large in size, are not suitable for being stored in ruins, can not simulate the changes of different ages, sexes and vital signs along with the time, and can not meet the requirements of simulation training of rescue teams.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the vital sign simulation device which has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost, small weight and volume, high simulation precision and is suitable for rescue training of radar vital detector equipment to realize vital sign simulation, and the simulation method which has the advantages of simple realization method and capability of accurately simulating vital signs of different types of human bodies.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a vital sign analogue means for rescue training includes the casing and is used for simulating radar scattering cross section simulation piece of radar scattering cross section size that corresponds when radar surveys human target, radar scattering cross section simulation piece fixed arrangement is in the casing, by radar scattering cross section simulation piece swings according to appointed range, frequency in order to simulate human vital sign state.
As a further improvement of the device of the invention: the radar scattering cross section simulation piece is fixed on the central axis of the shell through a fixed shaft and swings around the central axis of the shell.
As a further improvement of the device of the invention: the central axis of the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet is superposed with the central axis of the shell, namely, the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet is symmetrically arranged on the central axis of the shell.
As a further improvement of the device of the invention: the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet is a metal sheet in any one of a rectangle, a circle and a square.
As a further improvement of the device of the invention: the shell is cylindrical.
As a further improvement of the device of the invention: more than one handle is arranged on the shell.
The invention further provides a simulation method using the vital sign simulation device for rescue training, which comprises the following steps:
s1, predetermining the area, the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet corresponding to different types of human body targets;
s2, arranging a radar scattering cross section simulation sheet with a target area in the shell to form the vital sign simulation device, arranging the vital sign simulation device at a specified position during rescue training, and enabling the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet to swing according to target swing amplitude and target swing frequency to realize simulation of a human body target of a required type;
and S3, detecting the vital sign simulation device by using a radar.
As a further improvement of the method of the present invention, the step of step S1 includes:
s11, measuring different types of human body targets by using radars in a specified environment, acquiring and counting measurement signals corresponding to the different types of human body targets, calculating statistical characteristic values of the measurement signals corresponding to the different types of human body targets, and taking the statistical characteristic values as standard characteristic values corresponding to the different types of human body targets;
s12, arranging radar cross section simulation pieces with different areas, different swing amplitudes and different swing frequencies in the current environment, measuring by using a radar, determining the area, the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the radar cross section simulation pieces to simulate the target type human body target when the obtained measurement signal reaches the standard characteristic value corresponding to the target type human body target, and obtaining the area, the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the corresponding radar cross section simulation pieces when the various types of human body targets are simulated.
As a further improvement of the method of the present invention, the statistical characteristic value of the measurement signal is specifically a signal-to-noise ratio statistical value of the measurement signal.
As a further improvement of the method of the present invention, when the radar cross section simulation piece swings according to the target swing amplitude and the target swing frequency in step S2, the method further includes the step of changing the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the radar cross section simulation piece according to a preset linear function to simulate human body targets with different burial pressure durations;
the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet are changed according to the following linear functions:
A=A0*(1-t/t0);
F=F0*(1-t/t0);
wherein A is real-time swing amplitude, A0 is initial swing amplitude, t is real-time duration, and t0 is total test simulation duration; f is the real-time wobble frequency and F0 is the initial wobble frequency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the whole set of vital sign simulation device is small in size and weight and can be conveniently applied to rescue training environments of various complex radar life detection devices.
2. The radar scattering cross section simulation piece is fixed on the central axis of the shell and swings around the central axis of the shell, so that the whole vital sign simulation device has the all-directional property based on the installation and swing mode, the all-directional detection can be realized, and the radar life detection instrument can detect the life detection instrument regardless of the arrangement of the radar scattering cross section simulation piece, so that the simulation requirements of various complex rescue scenes can be met, and when the radar scattering cross section simulation piece is symmetrically arranged on the central axis of the simulation device, the whole simulation device can have the symmetry within the range of 360 degrees.
3. The invention further simulates radar scattering cross sections corresponding to different types of human targets by the radar scattering cross section simulation sheets with different areas, and simulates the respiration, heartbeat frequency and intensity of the different types of human targets by the different swing amplitudes and swing frequencies of the radar scattering cross section simulation sheets, so that the different types of human targets can be accurately simulated, the simulated vital signs and the state of the tested target have consistency, and the accuracy of the test data is effectively improved.
4. The invention further measures and counts the statistical characteristic values of different types of human targets, measures by using radar scattering cross section simulation sheets in different states, determines the area and swing state of the radar scattering cross section simulation sheets to simulate the corresponding type of human target when the standard characteristic values are reached, and can determine the corresponding relation between the human target and the radar scattering cross section simulation sheets based on a statistical mode, thereby ensuring the real simulation of the different types of human targets.
5. The invention further enables the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet to be changed according to a preset linear function so as to simulate human body targets with different burial pressing time lengths, so that the simulation of human body vital signs with different burial pressing time lengths can be realized.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific preferred embodiments of the description, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment is used for life sign analogue means of rescue training, including casing 1 and be used for simulating radar scattering cross section simulation piece 2 of radar scattering cross section size that corresponds when the radar surveys human target, radar scattering cross section simulation piece 2 fixed arrangement is in casing 1, swings in order to simulate human life sign state of target according to appointed range, frequency by radar scattering cross section simulation piece 2.
When the radar life detector detects, the vital sign state is judged by detecting the strength and frequency information of the reflected echo, regular contraction and expansion of chest and lung of a human target are realized during respiration and heartbeat, the radar scattering cross section sizes and frequencies obtained by different types of human targets are different, the working characteristics of the radar are utilized, a set of vital sign simulation device is formed by the shell 1 and the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet 2, the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet 2 simulates the radar scattering cross section size corresponding to the radar when detecting the human target, the swinging of the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet 2 simulates the vital characteristics of respiration and heartbeat of the human body, the simulation of the vital sign of the human body is realized, and the human targets with different types and different states can be conveniently simulated by adjusting the area and the swinging state of the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet 2, and the whole set of vital sign simulation device is small in size and weight, and can be conveniently applied to rescue training environments of various complex radar life detection devices.
In this embodiment, radar cross section simulation piece 2 is fixed on the axis of casing 1 through a fixed axle 3, and radar cross section simulation piece 2 swings around the axis of casing 1, and concrete radar cross section simulation piece 2 rotates with the frequency of setting for around the axis to reach the wobbling effect of radar cross section simulation piece 2. The environment where the human body object for rescue search is located is very complicated, such as the human body object is usually in a gap under the ruins, the shape structures of the gaps under the ruins are different, and when the simulation device is placed under the ruins, the placement position and the orientation of the simulation device need to be determined according to the shape structures of the gaps under the ruins, namely, the postures and the orientations of the simulation devices at different positions can be different. The radar life detection instrument is used for penetrating downwards in the ruin surface layer during working, the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet 2 is fixed on the central axis of the shell 1, the radar scattering cross section simulation sheet 2 swings around the central axis of the shell 1, and the whole life sign simulation device has the omni-directional property based on the installation and swinging mode, can be matched with the radar life detection instrument to realize the omni-directional detection, namely can detect the radar life detection instrument regardless of the arrangement, and can meet the simulation requirements of various complex rescue scenes.
In this embodiment, the axis of radar cross section simulation piece 2 coincides with the axis of casing 1, be about to arrange on analogue means's axis of radar cross section simulation piece 2 symmetry, combine information such as frequency, intensity of the rotatory mode simulation human vital sign of radar cross section simulation piece 2 around the axis, whole set of analogue means all has the symmetry at 360 within ranges, can ensure analogue means's omnidirectionality, realize 360 scope omnidirectional detection.
In this embodiment, the radar cross section simulation piece 2 is specifically a rectangular metal piece, and may correspond to a radar life detector suitable for linear polarization, the area of the rectangular metal piece simulates a human body target to generate a corresponding radar cross section, the swing state of the rectangular metal piece simulates respiration and heartbeat characteristics of the human body target, and the area S0 of the rectangular metal piece is predetermined according to the human body target to be simulated. The shape of radar cross section simulation piece 2 can be adjusted according to the polarization mode of radar life detection instrument, if the radar is circular polarization, then can adopt circular or square sheetmetal, also can adopt the simulation piece structure of other shapes according to the actual demand even, the required area of reduction simulation piece that the form of adopting the sheetmetal can be very big, be convenient for realize whole set of analogue means's miniaturization, the area of radar cross section simulation piece 2, swing state can be confirmed by the human target of required simulation.
Considering that the simulation device needs to be placed in gaps under ruins of various different shapes, the housing 1 in this embodiment is specifically cylindrical, and based on the cylindrical structure, the requirement for 360-degree omni-directional placement can be ensured, and the requirement for omni-directional detection can be further met.
In consideration of the structure of the ruins and the like, the present embodiment further provides more than one handle 4 on the housing 1, which can be held by hand, and can facilitate the operation of taking out and arranging the simulation device by means of the handles 4, and particularly provides an elliptical ring-shaped handle at each of the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical housing, which facilitates the placement of the simulation device in the architectural ruins and the like.
As shown in fig. 2, the simulation method using the vital sign simulation apparatus for rescue training of the present embodiment includes the steps of:
s1, predetermining the area, the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of a corresponding radar scattering cross section simulation sheet 2 when different types of human body targets are simulated;
s2, arranging a radar scattering cross section simulation piece 2 with a target area in a shell 1 to form a vital sign simulation device, arranging the vital sign simulation device at a specified position during rescue training, and enabling the radar scattering cross section simulation piece 2 to swing according to target swing amplitude and target swing frequency to realize simulation of a human body target of a required type;
and S3, detecting the vital sign simulation device by using a radar.
According to the method, the radar cross section simulation sheets 2 with different areas simulate the radar cross sections RCS corresponding to different types of human targets, and the different swing amplitudes A and swing frequencies F of the radar cross section simulation sheets 2 simulate the breathing, heartbeat frequency and strength of the different types of human targets, so that the different types of human targets can be accurately simulated, the simulated vital signs and the measured target state have consistency, and the accuracy of test data is effectively improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the step S1 in this embodiment includes:
s11, measuring different types of human body targets by using radars in a specified environment, acquiring and counting measurement signals corresponding to the different types of human body targets, calculating statistical characteristic values of the measurement signals corresponding to the different types of human body targets, and taking the statistical characteristic values as standard characteristic values corresponding to the different types of human body targets;
s12, arranging radar cross section simulation pieces 2 with different areas, different swing amplitudes and different swing frequencies in the current environment, measuring by using a radar, and determining the areas, the swing amplitudes and the swing frequencies of the radar cross section simulation pieces 2 to simulate the target type human body target when the obtained measurement signals reach the standard characteristic value corresponding to the target type human body target until the areas, the swing amplitudes and the swing frequencies of the corresponding radar cross section simulation pieces 2 when various types of human body targets are simulated are obtained.
According to the embodiment, the statistical characteristic values of different types of human targets are measured and counted firstly, the radar cross section simulation piece 2 in different states is used for measurement, the area and the swing state of the radar cross section simulation piece 2 are determined to be obtained when the standard characteristic values are reached, so that the corresponding relation between the human targets and the radar cross section simulation piece 2 can be determined based on a statistical mode, and therefore the real simulation of the different types of human targets is guaranteed.
In this embodiment, the statistical characteristic value of the measurement signal is specifically a signal-to-noise ratio statistical value of the measurement signal, that is, the value consistency of the signal-to-noise ratio SNR is used as a criterion for determining the state of the radar scattering cross section simulation piece 2 in step S12, and when the obtained measurement signal reaches the standard signal-to-noise ratio value required by the target type of human body, the area, the swing amplitude, and the swing frequency of the radar scattering cross section simulation piece 2 corresponding to the target type of human body are obtained correspondingly. The signal-to-noise ratio statistic may specifically be a signal-to-noise ratio mean value, that is, a mean value of signal-to-noise ratios of a plurality of human targets, and of course, other statistic values of the signal-to-noise ratios, such as a maximum value, a variance, and a covariance, may also be adopted according to actual requirements.
Considering the physical signs of people of different ages and different sexes, in step S11, the standard characteristic values corresponding to the human bodies of different ages and different sexes are obtained by measuring the human targets of different ages and different sexes, and step S12 determines that the areas, swing amplitudes and swing frequencies of the radar cross-section simulation slices 2 corresponding to the simulation of the different ages and different sexes are obtained, and the areas, swing amplitudes and swing frequencies of the different radar cross-section simulation slices 2 represent the vital signs of heartbeat and respiration of the human bodies of different ages and different sexes, so that the simulation of the vital characteristics of the human targets of different ages and different sexes can be realized.
The human body breathes, heartbeat etc. can be the trend of change that reduces gradually at the pressure of burying in-process, makes radar scattering cross section simulation piece 2 when swinging according to target swing amplitude, target swing frequency in this embodiment step S2, still includes the human target step that makes the swing amplitude, the swing frequency of radar scattering cross section simulation piece 2 change in order to simulate different pressure of burying duration according to predetermined linear function for can realize the simulation of the long human vital signs of different pressure of burying.
In this embodiment, the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the radar scattering cross section simulation piece 2 are specifically changed according to the following linear functions:
A=A0*(1-t/t0) (1)
F=F0*(1-t/t0) (2)
wherein A is real-time swing amplitude, A0 is initial swing amplitude, t is real-time duration, and t0 is total test simulation duration; f is the real-time wobble frequency, F0 is the initial wobble frequency, and A0, F0 and t0 can be set according to specific requirements.
In a specific application embodiment, the flow of determining the area, the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the thermal section simulation piece 2 corresponding to the simulation of different age groups and different sexes based on a statistical method is as follows:
1) sample selection: selecting a sample size of 100 persons, including 68 adult male persons and 32 adult female persons, with the age interval between 20 and 48 years of age;
2) measurement based on statistical means
Firstly, measurement is carried out in a microwave darkroom, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of data processing is taken as a judgment basis, the mean value of the signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) obtained by all adult males is tested and taken as the standard SNR1 value of the adult males, the mean value of the signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) obtained by all adult females is tested and taken as the standard SNR2 value of the adult females, and then the standard SNR value SNR0 of the adult is calculated to be (SNR1+ SNR 2)/2;
measuring the analog sheet by taking the SNR0 value as a standard reference, determining the area S0, the swing amplitude A0 and the swing frequency F0 of the analog sheet when the corresponding SNR value is reached, and taking the parameters S0, A0 and F0 as standard parameters of the analog sheet for simulating adults;
measuring the analog sheet by taking the SNR1 value as the standard reference of the adult male, determining the swing amplitude A1 and the swing frequency F1 of the analog sheet when the corresponding SNR value is reached, and taking the parameters S0, A1 and F1 as the standard parameters of the analog sheet when the adult male is simulated, and similarly determining the standard parameters S0, A2 and F2 of the analog sheet for simulating the adult female;
and fourthly, by adopting the same principles, the standard vital sign parameters of the children and the old corresponding to the same sheet metal area S0, different swing amplitudes and swing frequencies can be further obtained, so that the vital sign simulation of the adults, the females, the old and the children can be realized.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.