CN109345135A - The method of critical process is determined in cross construction progress monitoring - Google Patents
The method of critical process is determined in cross construction progress monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN109345135A CN109345135A CN201811230035.9A CN201811230035A CN109345135A CN 109345135 A CN109345135 A CN 109345135A CN 201811230035 A CN201811230035 A CN 201811230035A CN 109345135 A CN109345135 A CN 109345135A
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods that critical process is determined in cross construction progress monitoring, belong to engineering project progress control technical field.This method distinguishes forward and reverse first and calculates earliest start time, earliest finish time and the Late Start of each construction cell, the latest end time in engineering project, obtains positive potential control point and reversed potential control point；It determines the positive potential control point being overlapped and reversed potential control point is control point；Control path is determined according to control point；The type of control process is determined according to control path；According to the type for controlling process in control path, determine whether process is critical process.The determination of control path is detached from the constraint of figure by the present invention, improve the accuracy for control path of identifying project in cross construction progress monitoring, realize the clearly classification of control process type, and the critical process of project can be accurately distinguished, foundation is provided for item construction management, be conducive to shorten project construction period, improve construction efficiency and quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to project management technical fields, and in particular to determines in a kind of cross construction progress monitoring crucial
The method of process.
Background technique
Cross construction is a kind of science organization's method of project construction.Cross construction organizational form is applying project under construction
Work resolves into several work progress, that is, is divided into the identical branch of several job specification, subdivisional work or process；Together
When project under construction is divided into the roughly equal construction section of several amounts of labour in the plane；Several are vertically divided into apply
Work layer establishes corresponding professional work team according to work progress respectively；Each professional work team puts into according to certain sequence of construction
Construction, it is constant in the number of professional work team, the equipment that uses and material after completing the construction task on first construction section
In the case of, in turn, the construction of continuously put into second, third ... a to the last construction section, in the defined time
It is interior, complete same construction task；Different professional work teams at work between on to the maximum extent, reasonably overlap joint get up；
After the corresponding construction task on first each construction section of construction layer is fully completed, professional work team in turn, is continuously thrown
Enter to second, third ... ... construction layer, the construction overall process for guaranteeing project under construction in time, spatially, have rhythm, it is continuous,
It balancedly goes on, until completing whole construction tasks.
Cross construction organizational form has the following characteristics that working face is scientifically utilized in (1), has striven for time, duration ratio
Relatively rationally.(2) work team and its worker realize specialized construction, and the operating technology of worker can be made skilled, better ensure that work
Cheng Zhiliang raises labour productivity.(3) professional work team and its worker can work continuously, make adjacent professional work team it
Between realize reasonable overlap joint to greatest extent.(4) stock number of unit time investment construction is more balanced, is conducive to resource confession
The organization work answered.(5) scientific management for civilized construction and progress scene creates advantage.
Project management can be divided into four-stage: project definition and decision phase；Project design and planning phase；The project implementation
With the control stage；Project completion and the delivery stage.The initial schedule of project is carried out in Project design and planning phase, work out,
Establishment and one project of revision or the target of project stage, task, Method of Working Plan, resource provisioning plan, cost are pre-
It calculates, plan the work such as emergency measure, and in the project implementation and control stage, then it to carry out tissue and coordinate resource and work, supervise
It superintends and directs the actual conditions to work with measure the item, analysis difference and problem, take the work such as satisfactory after correcting.
Characteristic long in time limit in view of engineering construction intermediate item, investment is big, management difficulty is big, extension risk is high, project management
The researcher in field corrects project scheduling and operation plan in real time and conducts extensive research.And cause construction delay
A part the reason is that manager the characteristic of control path and concerned process steps in engineering construction project is lacked it is correctly theoretical
Understanding.Existing research is both for the process characteristic during plan and the project scheduling of design phase, without to practice of construction
Process characteristic in the process conducts further research, and analyzes it and is delayed the influence to entire project.
In repeated project, connects longest route in start node and end node route and be known as controlling route, only
There is the later project of all process steps completion on control route that can just end, the length for controlling route directly determines the total of project
Duration.After control path is identified, the sub- process in control path is known as controlling sub- process, contains the sub- process of control
Process be known as controlling process, process not in control path is non-controlling process.Process in project is according to its workflow
Direction can be divided into uplink process and downlink process, uplink process refers to the upward process in workflow direction, steel in skyscraper
The construction of muscle beam is typical uplink process, and the repetition that downlink process is the downward in-process progress unit in workflow direction is applied
Work, such as painting exterior wall is exactly a typical downlink process.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of time parameter calculation methods by means of in CPM network will entirely control road
The constraint for determining disengaging figure of diameter, the method for the control path that can accurately identify project, control process type and critical process,
To solve technical problem present in above-mentioned background technique.
To achieve the goals above, this invention takes following technical solutions:
The method of critical process is determined in a kind of cross construction progress monitoring provided by the invention, wherein it is easy to calculate,
Each process is responsible for construction working by a work team, and this method includes following process step:
Step S110: the Construction control path of engineering project is determined；
Step S120: according to the control path, the process type of the engineering project is determined；
Step S130: according to the process type, determine whether process is critical process.
Further, the step S110 is specifically included:
Step S111: forward direction calculate in the engineering project earliest start time of each construction cell and earliest at the end of
Between, obtain positive potential control point；
Step S112: in engineering project described in retrospectively calculate the Late Start of each construction cell and the latest at the end of
Between, obtain reversed potential control point；
Step S113: the forward direction potential control point and the reversed potential control point, when the potential control of forward direction
When system point and the reversed potential control point are overlapped, the potential control point of coincidence is determined as control point；
Step S114: the control path is determined according to the control point.
Further, in the step S111, each construction cell in each process in the positive calculating engineering project
Earliest start time and earliest finish time specifically include:
In first process, start the earliest start time of first unit of construction at first are as follows:
Earliest finish time are as follows: EFi,j=ESi,j+di,j；
In addition to first process, the earliest start time of each unit of each process are as follows:
Late Start are as follows: EFi,j=ESi,j+di,j；
In the last one process, the total construction period of project are as follows:
Wherein, I indicates the total number of process, and J indicates the number of repetitive unit in each process, di,jIndicate i-th of process
In j-th of unit duration, lag indicates the dominance relation between process, and there are four types of dominance relations altogether between process: starting-opens
Beginning, beginning-end, end-beginning, finish to finish relationship, herein to indicate easy, dominance relation is between assuming process without exception
End-beginning.K indicates the set of uplink process, and W indicates the set of downlink process, ESi,jIndicate j-th of list in i-th of process
The earliest start time of member, EFi,jIndicate the earliest finish time of j-th of unit in i-th of process, i ∈ I, j ∈ J, D indicate institute
State the total construction period of engineering project.
Further, in the step S111, the positive potential control point of the acquisition is specifically included:
The earliest start time for starting unit at first of first process is denoted as first positive potential control point
pCP1,j:
When meeting EF between processi,j=ESi+1,j-lagi,i+1When,
The positive potential control point of process i+1 is directed toward by process i on process i are as follows:
pCPi,j(i → i+1)=EFi,j,
The positive potential control point of process i+1 is directed toward by process i on process i+1 are as follows:
pCPi+1,j(i → i+1)=ESi+1,j,
The positive potential control point of the last one of the last one process is denoted as pCPI,j:
Further, in the step S112, each construction cell in each process in engineering project described in the retrospectively calculate
Late Start and the end time specifically includes the latest:
In the last one process, the end time the latest of the unit finally completed is equal to its earliest start time:
Except the last one process, the end time the latest of each unit of each process are as follows:
Late Start are as follows: LSi,j=LFi,j-di,j
In first process, LF1,J=Min { LS1,J-1,LS2,J-lag1,2, LF1,1=LS2,1-lag1,2；
Wherein, LFi,jIndicate the end time the latest of j-th of unit in i-th of process, LSi,jIt indicates in i-th of process
The Late Start of j unit.
Further, it in the step S112, obtains reversed potential control point and specifically includes:
The end time the latest of the last end unit of the last one process is denoted as first reversed potential control point
PcpI,j:
When meeting LF between processi,j=LSi+1,j-lagi,i+1When,
The reversed potential control point of process i is directed toward on process i+1 by process i+1 are as follows:
Pcpi+1,j(i+1 → i)=LSi+1,j,
The reversed potential control point of process i is directed toward on process i by process i+1 are as follows:
Pcpi,j(i+1 → i)=LFi,j。
The reversed potential control point of the last one of first process is denoted as Pcp1,j:
Further, the step S113 is specifically included:
By comparing positive potential control point and reversed potential control point, when potential control point is overlapped, coincidence it is potential
Control point is confirmed to be control point, is denoted asmiRefer to that control point is in the unit of process i；
In first process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
In intermediate process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
In the last one process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
Wherein, ai,jIndicate that j-th of unit of i-th of process, U indicate the set of the unit Jing Guo control path.
Further, in the step S114, the process in engineering project can be divided into according to the direction of its workflow
Row process and downlink process, uplink process refers to the upward process of workflow direction i.e. construction direction, and downlink process is work
It flows the direction repetition that i.e. the downward in-process of construction direction carries out unit downwards to construct, the direction of control path is directed toward by control point
Control point, line composed by the unit in the set U is the control path.
Further, the step S120 is specifically included:
Whether the construction direction for judging the process in the control path is consistent with the direction of the control path；If one
It causes, then judges the process for positive control process；Otherwise, judge the process for Adverse control process；Wherein,
When only first unit is in the control path in a certain process, then the process is to start to control process；
When a certain process only has the last one unit in the control path, then the process is finishing control process.
Further, the step S130 is specifically included:
For controlling process, determining that it is critical process includes:
For positive control process B, process A represents the preceding after control process of process B, and process C represents the subsequent control of process B
Process, process B are positive control processes；SA,i、SB,i、SC,iAt the beginning of i-th of unit for respectively referring to process A, B, C, FA,i、
FB,i、FC,iRespectively refer to the end time of i-th of unit of process A, B, C, lagA,B、lagB,CRespectively refer to process A and process B it
Between, the lag time between process B and process C；
Positive control process B and the preceding dominance relation F after control process AA,i+LagA,B≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) first
Equal sign is set up at a unit, the dominance relation F with subsequent control process CB,i+LagB,C≤SC,i(i=1 ..., 9) at last
Equal sign is set up at a unit；If the duration of any one of positive control process unit involves a delay and necessarily will cause total construction period and prolong
The resource continuity of subsequent handling is missed or influences, then entire positive control process is critical process；
For first unit of Adverse control process, determining that it is critical process includes:
Adverse control process B and the preceding dominance relation F after control process AA,i+LagA,B≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) last
Equal sign is set up at one unit, the dominance relation F with subsequent control process CB,i+LagB,C≤SC,i(i=1 ..., 9) first
Equal sign is set up at a unit；If first unit of Adverse control process involves a delay, it will lead to Project duration delay, remove first
Other units other than a unit involve a delay, and will not influence Project duration, then the first of the Adverse control process unit is
Critical process；
For starting first unit of control process, determining that it is critical process includes:
Start to control process B and the preceding dominance relation F after control process AA,i+LagA,B≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) and after
After the dominance relation F of control process CB,i+LagB,C≤SC,iThe equal sign of (i=1 ..., 9) all at first unit equal sign at
It is vertical；If first unit for starting to control process involves a delay, Project duration delay will lead to, in addition to first unit
Other units involve a delay, and will not influence Project duration, then first unit for starting to control process is critical process；
For finishing control process, determining that it is critical process includes:
Finishing control process B and the preceding dominance relation F after control process AA,i≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) at the last one
Equal sign is set up at unit, the dominance relation F with subsequent control process CB,i+LagB,C≤SC,i(i=1 ..., 9) also at last
Equal sign is set up at a unit；If the duration of any one of finishing control process unit, which involves a delay, necessarily will cause total construction period
Delay or the resource continuity for influencing subsequent handling, then entire finishing control process is critical process.
For non-controlling process, critical process determination is as follows:
Non-controlling process does not directly affect the process in control path, passes through the adjustment to non-controlling process stock number
The resource distribution during project can be made more excellent, it is non-as long as not destroying the logical constraint and precedence constraint between non-controlling process
Total construction period of the end time without departing from project of process is controlled, it is key with regard to not having, it is not critical process.
In cross construction progress monitoring, control path refers to longest path in cross construction progress chart, and determines
The path of cross construction Project duration.Control process refers to the process on control route, and the variation of control process duration can be led
Cause the variation of Project duration.Critical process proposed by the present invention refers to: in the project implementation stage, if a certain process is delayed,
It will lead to Project duration delay or its subsequent handling work continuity be interrupted, then the process is critical process.
Therefore, according to the above technical scheme, the present invention realizes following the utility model has the advantages that by means of the time in CPM network
The constraint for determining disengaging figure of entire control path is improved and determines item in cross construction progress monitoring by calculation method of parameters
The accuracy of purpose control path, realizes the clearly classification of control process, and can accurately distinguish the critical process of project, is
Item construction management provides foundation, is conducive to the duration for shortening engineering project, improves construction efficiency and quality.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, these will become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings others
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that critical process is determined in cross construction progress monitoring described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram in the Construction control path of determination engineering project described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the determination schematic illustration that entire positive control process is critical process described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that first unit of Adverse control process described in the embodiment of the present invention is the determination principle signal of critical process
Figure.
Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the present invention described in start control process first unit be critical process determination principle signal
Figure.
Fig. 6 is the determination schematic illustration that entire finishing control process is critical process described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that critical process is identified in the management of construction project scheduling described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning
Same or similar element or module with the same or similar functions are indicated to same or similar label eventually.Below by ginseng
The embodiment for examining attached drawing description is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, singular " one " used herein, " one
It is a ", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that being arranged used in specification of the invention
Diction " comprising " refer to that there are the feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or modules, but it is not excluded that in the presence of or addition
Other one or more features, integer, step, operation, element, module and/or their group.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology art
Language and scientific term) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Should also
Understand, those terms such as defined in the general dictionary, which should be understood that, to be had and the meaning in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of justice, and unless defined as here, it will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning.
In order to facilitate understanding of embodiments of the present invention, further by taking specific embodiment as an example below in conjunction with attached drawing to be solved
Explanation is released, and embodiment does not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art are it should be understood that attached drawing is the schematic diagram of one embodiment, the portion in attached drawing
Part or device are not necessarily implemented necessary to the present invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides the side that critical process is determined in a kind of cross construction progress monitoring
Method, this method include following process step:
Step S110: the Construction control path of engineering project is determined；
Step S120: according to the control path, the process type of the engineering project is determined；
Step S130: according to the process type, determine whether the process is critical process.
As shown in Fig. 2, the step S110 is specifically included in specific embodiments of the present invention one:
Step S111: forward direction calculate in the engineering project earliest start time of each construction cell and earliest at the end of
Between, obtain positive potential control point；
Step S112: in engineering project described in retrospectively calculate the Late Start of each construction cell and the latest at the end of
Between, obtain reversed potential control point；
Step S113: the forward direction potential control point and the reversed potential control point, when the potential control of forward direction
When system point and the reversed potential control point are overlapped, the potential control point of coincidence is determined as control point；
Step S114: the control path is determined according to the control point.
It is each in the positive calculating engineering project in the step S111 in specific embodiments of the present invention one
The earliest start time and earliest finish time of each construction cell specifically include in process:
In first process, start the earliest start time of first unit of construction at first are as follows:
Earliest finish time are as follows: EFi,j=ESi,j+di,j；
In addition to first process, the earliest start time of each unit of each process are as follows:
Late Start are as follows: EFi,j=ESi,j+di,j
In the last one process, the total construction period of project are as follows:
All formula are on the basis completed in each process by a work team is assumed in text.Wherein, I is indicated
The total number of process, J indicate the number of repetitive unit in each process, di,jIndicate the duration of j-th of unit in i-th of process,
Lag indicates the dominance relation between process, and there are four types of dominance relations altogether between process: beginning-beginning, beginning-end, end-
Start, finish to finish relationship, herein to indicate easy, dominance relation is end-beginning between assuming process without exception.K indicates uplink
The set of process, W indicate the set of downlink process, ESi,jIndicate the earliest start time of j-th of unit in i-th of process,
EFi,jIndicate the earliest finish time of j-th of unit in i-th of process, i ∈ I, j ∈ J, D indicate the chief engineer of the engineering project
Phase.
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, in the step S111, the positive potential control point of the acquisition is specifically wrapped
It includes:
The earliest start time for starting unit at first of first process is denoted as first positive potential control point
pCP1,j:
When meeting EF between processi,j=ESi+1,j-lagi,i+1When,
The positive potential control point of process i+1 is directed toward by process i on process i are as follows:
pCPi,j(i → i+1)=EFi,j,
The positive potential control point of process i+1 is directed toward by process i on process i+1 are as follows:
pCPi+1,j(i → i+1)=ESi+1,j,
The positive potential control point of the last one of the last one process is denoted as pCPI,j:
It is each in engineering project described in the retrospectively calculate in the step S112 in specific embodiments of the present invention one
The Late Start of each construction cell and end time specifically includes the latest in process:
In the last one process, the end time the latest of the unit finally completed is equal to its earliest start time:
Late Start are as follows: LSi,j=LFi,j-di,j
Except the last one process, the end time the latest of each unit of each process is,
Late Start are as follows: LSi,j=LFi,j-di,j
In first process, LF1,J=Min { LS1,J-1,LS2,J-lag1,2, LF1,1=LS2,1-lag1,2；
Wherein, LFi,jIndicate the end time the latest of j-th of unit in i-th of process, LSi,jIt indicates in i-th of process
The Late Start of j unit.
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, in the step S112, obtains reversed potential control point and specifically includes:
The end time the latest of the last end unit of the last one process is denoted as first reversed potential control point
PcpI,j:
When meeting LF between processi,j=LSi+1,j-lagi,i+1When,
The reversed potential control point of process i is directed toward on process i+1 by process i+1 are as follows:
Pcpi+1,j(i+1 → i)=LSi+1,j,
The reversed potential control point of process i is directed toward on process i by process i+1 are as follows:
Pcpi,j(i+1 → i)=LFi,j。
The reversed potential control point of the last one of first process is denoted as Pcp1,j:
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, the step S113 is specifically included:
By comparing positive potential control point and reversed potential control point, when potential control point is overlapped, coincidence it is potential
Control point is confirmed to be control point, is denoted asmiRefer to that control point is in the unit of process i.
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, the step S114 is specifically included:
The unit that control point is passed through is connected, as the control path of project.
In first process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
In intermediate process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
In the last one process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
Wherein, ai,jIndicate that j-th of unit of i-th of process, U indicate the set of the unit Jing Guo control path.Engineering item
Process in mesh can be divided into uplink process and downlink process according to the direction of its workflow, and uplink process refers to workflow direction i.e.
The upward process of construction direction, and downlink process is that the i.e. downward in-process of construction direction carries out unit downwards in workflow direction
It repeats to construct.The direction of control path control point is directed toward by control point.Line composed by unit in the set U is institute
State control path.
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, the step S120 is specifically included:
Whether the construction direction for judging the process in the control path is consistent with the direction of the control path；If one
It causes, then judges the process for positive control process；Otherwise, judge the process for Adverse control process；Wherein,
When only first unit is in the control path in a certain process, then the process is to start to control process；
When a certain process only has the last one unit in the control path, then the process is finishing control process.
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, the step S130 is specifically included:
For control process, critical process determination is as follows:
Since the type of process in project includes uplink process and downlink process, in specific embodiments of the present invention two,
According to the whether identical type to define control process in the direction of control path and process construction direction.It is specific as follows:
(1) positive control process
When the construction direction for controlling process is identical as control path direction, then positive control process is defined as.Planning
With the design phase, by stock number adjustment come extend the duration of positive control process will lead to Project duration extend, positive control
The duration of process shortens then Project duration and can shorten.
(2) Adverse control process
When the construction direction of process is identical as the direction of control path, then Adverse control process is defined as.Plan with
Design phase extends the duration of Adverse control process by the adjustment of stock number, and Project duration can shorten instead, otherwise project is total
Duration can then extend.
(3) start to control process
If control process only has first unit by control path, it is defined as starting to control process.Planning
With the design phase, the stock number that adjustment starts to control process will not influence Project duration, can achieve the target of resources balance.
(4) finishing control process
If control process only has the last one unit by control path, it is defined as finishing control process.It is counting
It draws and design phase, the stock number that adjustment starts to control process will not influence Project duration, can achieve the mesh of resources balance
Mark.
For non-controlling process, critical process determination is as follows:
Non-controlling process does not directly affect the process in control path, passes through the adjustment to non-controlling process stock number
The resource distribution during project can be made more excellent, it is non-as long as not destroying the logical constraint and precedence constraint between non-controlling process
Total construction period of the end time without departing from project of process is controlled, it is key with regard to not having, it is not critical process.
In the embodiment of the present invention one, the algorithm using control path determining in above-mentioned cross construction progress monitoring is as follows:
Embodiment two
A kind of cross construction provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention into control in determine the method for critical process, in project
Process can be divided into uplink process and downlink process according to the direction of its workflow, and uplink process refers to the upward work in workflow direction
Sequence, the construction of reinforcing bar beam is typical uplink process in skyscraper, and downlink process is the downward in-process in workflow direction
The repetition construction of unit is carried out, such as painting exterior wall is exactly a typical downlink process.It is easy to calculate, present invention assumes that often
A process is responsible for construction working by a work team.
First, it is assumed that a project has I process, each process has J duplicate units, the unit duration of a process
For di,j, wherein i ∈ I, j ∈ J.There are four types of dominance relations altogether between process: beginning-beginning, beginning-end, end-beginning, knot
Beam-ending a relatiohship, herein to indicate easy, dominance relation is end-beginning between assuming process without exception.Meet knot between process
The logical relation of beam-beginning (Finish-Start) is Lagi,i+1, Project duration D.Each process is by a work team
It completes, form of construction work uses cross construction.Since there are uplink processes and downlink process in project, so carrying out time parameter
The case where uplink process and downlink process are considered when calculating.Uplink process set K, downlink process are indicated with set W.ESi,j
Indicate the earliest start time of j-th of unit in i-th of process, EFi,jIndicate that j-th of the earliest of unit terminates in i-th of process
Time.
(1) positive to calculate the early start and earliest finish time for seeking each process each unit, obtain positive potential control
Point.
In first process, start the earliest start time of first unit of construction at first are as follows:
Earliest finish time are as follows: EFi,j=ESi,j+di,j；
In addition to first process, the earliest start time of each unit of each process are as follows:
Late Start are as follows: EFi,j=ESi,j+di,j
In the last one process, the total construction period of project are as follows:
Wherein, I indicates the total number of process, and J indicates the number of repetitive unit in each process, di,jIndicate repetitive unit
Duration, lag indicate process between end-beginning dominance relation, K indicate uplink process set, W indicate downlink process
Set, ESi,jIndicate the earliest start time of j-th of unit in i-th of process, EFi,jIndicate j-th of list in i-th of process
The earliest finish time of member, i Laos I, jJ, D indicate the total construction period of the engineering project.
Positive potential control point is obtained to specifically include:
The earliest start time for starting unit at first of first process is denoted as first positive potential control point
pCP1,j:
When meeting EF between processi,j=ESi+1,j-lagi,i+1When,
The positive potential control point of process i+1 is directed toward by process i on process i are as follows:
pCPi,j(i → i+1)=EFi,j,
The positive potential control point of process i+1 is directed toward by process i on process i+1 are as follows:
pCPi+1,j(i → i+1)=ESi+1,j,
The positive potential control point of the last one of the last one process is denoted as pCPI,j:
(2) retrospectively calculate ask each process each unit start the latest and end time the latest, and obtain reversed potential control
Point processed.
In the last one process, the end time the latest of the unit finally completed is equal to its earliest start time:
Late Start are as follows: LSi,j=LFi,j-di,j
Except the last one process, the end time the latest of each unit of each process is,
Late Start are as follows: LSi,j=LFi,j-di,j
In first process, LF1,J=Min { LS1,J-1,LS2,J-lag1,2, LF1,1=LS2,1-lag1,2；
Wherein, LFi,jIndicate the end time the latest of j-th of unit in i-th of process, LSi,jIt indicates in i-th of process
The Late Start of j unit.
Reversed potential control point is obtained to specifically include:
The end time the latest of the last end unit of the last one process is denoted as first reversed potential control point
PcpI,j:
When meeting LF between processi,j=LSi+1,j-lagi,i+1When,
The reversed potential control point of process i is directed toward on process i+1 by process i+1 are as follows:
Pcpi+1,j(i+1 → i)=LSi+1,j,
The reversed potential control point of process i is directed toward on process i by process i+1 are as follows:
Pcpi,j(i+1 → i)=LFi,j。
The reversed potential control point of the last one of first process is denoted as Pcp1,j:
(3) potential control point of more positive determination and reversely determining potential control point, when potential control point is overlapped,
The potential control point of coincidence is confirmed as control point, is denoted asmiRefer to that control point is in the unit of process i.
(4) control path is determined.
The unit that control point is passed through is connected, as the control path of project.
In first process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
In intermediate process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
In the last one process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
Wherein, ai,jIndicate that j-th of unit of i-th of process, U indicate the set of the unit Jing Guo control path.Engineering item
Process in mesh can be divided into uplink process and downlink process according to the direction of its workflow, and uplink process refers to workflow direction i.e.
The upward process of construction direction, and downlink process is that the i.e. downward in-process of construction direction carries out unit downwards in workflow direction
It repeats to construct.The direction of control path control point is directed toward by control point.Line composed by unit in the set U is institute
State control path.
In Project design and planning phase, need to carry out the initial schedule of project, the control road that will be identified project first
Diameter.After control path is identified, the sub- process in control path is known as controlling sub- process, contains the sub- process of control
Process is known as controlling process, and the process not in control path is non-controlling process.
In specific embodiments of the present invention two, referring to the definition of critical path and critical process in CPM, it is contemplated that flowing water
To the successional embodiment of resource in construction progress control, critical process can be defined in terms of following two: (1) process work
The delay of phase will affect total construction period；(2) delay of process duration will affect the continuity of subsequent handling.Cross construction progress science
According to control path process is divided into control process and non-controlling process, control process can be divided into positive control process again, inverse control
Process processed starts to control process and finishing control process.Therefore process is carried out respectively to control process and non-controlling process respectively
Critical analysis defines the type of critical process.For the control process of the project implementation and control stage, critical process
Determination is as follows:
(1) positive control process is confirmed as critical process:
As shown in figure 3, process A represents the preceding after control process of process B, process C represents the subsequent control process of process B,
Process B is positive control process, the black line and arrow explanation of control path overstriking.SA,i、SB,i、SC,iRespectively refer to process A, B, C
At the beginning of i-th of unit, FA,i、FB,i、FC,iRespectively refer to the end time of i-th of unit of process A, B, C, lagA,B、
lagB,CRespectively refer to the lag time between process A and process B, between process B and process C.One feature of positive control process B
It is itself and the preceding dominance relation F after control process AA,i+LagA,B≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) at first unit equal sign at
Vertical, with subsequent control process C dominance relation FB,i+LagB,C≤SC,i(i=1 ..., 9) at the last one unit equal sign at
It is vertical.If the duration of any one of positive control process unit, which involves a delay, necessarily will cause one of following two consequence: total construction period hair
Raw delay or the resource continuity for influencing subsequent handling.Therefore entire positive control process is confirmed to be critical process, critical process
It is especially indicated with shade；
(2) first unit of Adverse control process is confirmed as critical process:
As shown in figure 4, process A represents the preceding after control process of process B, process C represents the subsequent control process of process B,
Process B is Adverse control process, the black line and arrow explanation of control path overstriking.One feature of Adverse control process be it with it is preceding
After the dominance relation F of control process AA,i+LagA,B≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) equal sign at the last one unit is set up, and rear
After the dominance relation F of control process CB,i+LagB,C≤SC,i(i=1 ..., 9) equal sign is set up at first unit.If inverse control
First unit of process processed involves a delay, and will lead to Project duration delay.Other units hair in addition to first unit
Raw delay, will not influence Project duration.Therefore first unit of Adverse control process is confirmed as critical process, and critical process is used
Shade is especially indicated；
(3) first unit for starting to control process is confirmed as critical process:
As shown in figure 5, process A represents the preceding after control process of process B, process C represents the subsequent control process of process B,
Process B is to start to control process, the black line and arrow explanation of control path overstriking.Start to control process with preceding after control process
The dominance relation F of AA,i+LagA,B≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) and the subsequent dominance relation F for controlling process CB,i+LagB,C≤SC,i
The equal sign of (i=1 ..., 9) equal sign all at first unit is set up.If first unit for starting to control process prolongs
Accidentally, it will lead to Project duration delay.Other units in addition to first unit involve a delay, and will not influence project chief engineer
Phase.Therefore first unit for starting to control process is confirmed as critical process, and critical process is especially indicated with shade；
(4) finishing control process is confirmed as critical process:
As shown in fig. 6, process A represents the preceding after control process of process B, process C represents the subsequent control process of process B,
Process B is finishing control process, the black line and arrow explanation of control path overstriking.Finishing control process B is with preceding after control work
The dominance relation F of sequence AA,i≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) equal sign at the last one unit is set up, excellent with subsequent control process C
First relationship FB,i+LagB,C≤SC,i(i=1 ..., 9) also equal sign is set up at the last one unit.If finishing control process is any
The duration of one unit, which involves a delay, necessarily will cause one of following two consequence: total construction period involves a delay or influences subsequent handling
Resource continuity.Therefore entire finishing control process is confirmed as critical process, and critical process is especially indicated with shade.
For non-controlling process, critical process determination is as follows:
Non-controlling process does not directly affect the process in control path, passes through the adjustment to non-controlling process stock number
The resource distribution during project can be made more excellent, as long as not destroying the dominance relation between non-controlling process, non-controlling process
End time without departing from the total construction period of project, is not belonging to critical process.
In practical applications, critical process is to be directed in the project implementation and control defined in the process in stage, for
Each critical process in work progress is paid close attention to, and is modified as early as possible when it involves a delay to schedule, is reduced
Delay negatively affects entire project bring.As shown in fig. 7, being that project management field is frequent when carrying out project scheduling research
The example used, wherein process A, D, G is positive control process, and process C, E is Adverse control process, and process B is finishing control process,
Process F is to start to control process, the black line and arrow explanation of control path overstriking.It is any for positive control process A, D
The duration of one unit, which involves a delay, necessarily will cause one of following two consequence: total construction period involves a delay or influences subsequent handling
Resource continuity, therefore the entire process of process A, D meets definition of this explanation to critical process, is critical process.For just
It controls for process G, the duration of any one unit, which involves a delay, necessarily will cause total construction period and involve a delay, therefore process G is whole
A process meets definition of this explanation to critical process, is critical process.For Adverse control process C, E, if first list
Member involves a delay, and will lead to Project duration delay.Other units in addition to first unit involve a delay, and will not influence item
Mesh total construction period, therefore first unit of process C, E meets definition of this explanation to critical process, is critical process.For opening
Begin, if first unit involves a delay, to will lead to Project duration delay for control process F.In addition to first unit
Other units involve a delay, and will not influence Project duration, therefore first unit of process F meets this explanation to critical process
Definition, be critical process.For finishing control process B, the duration of any one unit, which involves a delay, necessarily leads to it
The delay of the last one unit, to will cause one of following two consequence: total construction period involves a delay or influences subsequent handling
Resource continuity, therefore process B meets definition of this explanation to critical process, is critical process.Critical process is in Fig. 7 with yin
It indicates shadow part.
In conclusion the method that critical process is determined in cross construction progress monitoring described in the embodiment of the present invention, by
The constraint for determining disengaging figure of entire control path is improved flowing water and applied by the time parameter calculation method in CPM network
The accuracy for control path of identifying project in work progress monitoring, realizes the clearly classification of process type, and control has accurately been determined
Process processed it is key, specify critical process, provide foundation for item construction management, be conducive to shorten engineering project work
Phase improves construction efficiency and quality.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the present invention can
It realizes by means of software and necessary general hardware platform.Based on this understanding, technical solution of the present invention essence
On in other words the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products, the computer software product
It can store in storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD, including some instructions are used so that a computer equipment
(can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes the certain of each embodiment or embodiment of the invention
Method described in part.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of protection of the claims
Subject to.
Claims (10)
1. determining the method for critical process in a kind of cross construction progress monitoring, which is characterized in that including following process step:
Step S110: the Construction control path of engineering project is determined；
Step S120: according to the control path, the process type of the engineering project is determined；
Step S130: according to the process type, determine whether process is critical process.
2. determining the method for critical process in cross construction progress monitoring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Step S110 is specifically included:
Step S111: forward direction calculates the earliest start time and earliest finish time of each construction cell in the engineering project, obtains
Take positive potential control point；
Step S112: it the Late Start of each construction cell and end time the latest in engineering project described in retrospectively calculate, obtains
It negates to potential control point；
Step S113: the forward direction potential control point and the reversed potential control point, when the positive potential control point
When being overlapped with the reversed potential control point, the potential control point of coincidence is determined as control point；
Step S114: the control path is determined according to the control point.
3. determining the method for critical process in cross construction progress monitoring according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
In step S111, the earliest start time of each construction cell is tied with earliest in each process in the positive calculating engineering project
The beam time specifically includes:
In first process, start the earliest start time of first unit of construction at first are as follows:
Earliest finish time are as follows: EFi,j=ESi,j+di,j；
In addition to first process, the earliest start time of each unit of each process are as follows:
Late Start are as follows: EFi,j=ESi,j+di,j；
In the last one process, the total construction period of project are as follows:
Wherein, I indicates the total number of process, and J indicates the number of repetitive unit in each process, di,jIt indicates in i-th of process
The duration of j unit, lag indicate beginning-end dominance relation between process, and K indicates the set of uplink process, under W expression
The set of row process, ESi,jIndicate the earliest start time of j-th of unit in i-th of process, EFi,jIt indicates in i-th of process
The earliest finish time of j unit, i ∈ I, j ∈ J, D indicate the total construction period of the engineering project.
4. determining the method for critical process in cross construction progress monitoring according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described
In step S111, the positive potential control point of the acquisition is specifically included:
The earliest start time for starting unit at first of first process is denoted as pCP as first positive potential control point1,j:
When meeting EF between processi,j=ESi+1,j-lagi,i+1When,
The positive potential control point of process i+1 is directed toward by process i on process i are as follows:
pCPi,j(i → i+1)=EFi,j,
The positive potential control point of process i+1 is directed toward by process i on process i+1 are as follows:
pCPi+1,j(i → i+1)=ESi+1,j；
The positive potential control point of the last one of the last one process is denoted as pCPI,j:
5. determining the method for critical process in cross construction progress monitoring according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
In step S112, the Late Start of each construction cell and tied the latest in each process in engineering project described in the retrospectively calculate
The beam time specifically includes:
In the last one process, the end time the latest of the unit finally completed is equal to its earliest start time:
Except the last one process, the end time the latest of each unit of each process are as follows:
Late Start are as follows: LSi,j=LFi,j-di,j
In first process, LF1,J=Min { LS1,J-1,LS2,J-lag1,2, LF1,1=LS2,1-lag1,2；
Wherein, LFi,jIndicate the end time the latest of j-th of unit in i-th of process, LSi,jIt indicates in i-th of process j-th
The Late Start of unit.
6. determining the method for critical process in cross construction progress monitoring according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
In step S112, obtains reversed potential control point and specifically includes:
The end time the latest of the last end unit of the last one process is denoted as first reversed potential control point
PcpI,j:
When meeting LF between processi,j=LSi+1,j-lagi,i+1When,
The reversed potential control point of process i is directed toward on process i+1 by process i+1 are as follows:
Pcpi+1,j(i+1 → i)=LSi+1,j,
The reversed potential control point of process i is directed toward on process i by process i+1 are as follows:
Pcpi,j(i+1 → i)=LFi,j；
The reversed potential control point of the last one of first process is denoted as Pcp1,j:
7. determining the method for critical process in cross construction progress monitoring according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described
Step S113 is specifically included:
By comparing positive potential control point and reversed potential control point, when potential control point is overlapped, the potential control of coincidence
Point is confirmed to be control point, is denoted asmiRefer to that control point is in the unit of process i.
8. determining the method for critical process in cross construction progress monitoring according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described
Step S114 is specifically included: control point is directed toward by control point in the direction of control path, connects composed by the unit in the set U
Line is the control path；
In first process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
In intermediate process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
In the last one process, by the unit of control path are as follows:
Wherein, ai,jIndicate that j-th of unit of i-th of process, U indicate the set of the unit Jing Guo control path.
9. determining the method for critical process in cross construction progress monitoring according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described
Step S120 is specifically included:
Whether the construction direction for judging the process in the control path is consistent with the direction of the control path；If consistent,
Judge the process for positive control process；Otherwise, judge the process for Adverse control process；Wherein,
When only first unit is in the control path in a certain process, then the process is to start to control process；
When a certain process only has the last one unit in the control path, then the process is finishing control process；
When a certain process is not in the control path, then the process is non-controlling process.
10. determining the method for critical process in cross construction progress monitoring according to claim 9, which is characterized in that institute
Step S130 is stated to specifically include:
For controlling process, determining that it is critical process includes:
For positive control process B, process A represents the preceding after control process of process B, and process C represents the subsequent control work of process B
Sequence, process B are positive control processes；SA,i、SB,i、SC,iAt the beginning of i-th of unit for respectively referring to process A, B, C, FA,i、FB,i、
FC,iRespectively refer to the end time of i-th of unit of process A, B, C, lagA,B、lagB,CIt respectively refers between process A and process B, work
Lag time between sequence B and process C；
Positive control process B and the preceding dominance relation F after control process AA,i+LagA,B≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) in first list
Equal sign is set up at member, the dominance relation F with subsequent control process CB,i+LagB,C≤SC,i(i=1 ..., 9) in the last one list
Equal sign is set up at member；If the duration of any one of positive control process unit involve a delay necessarily will cause total construction period involve a delay or
The resource continuity of subsequent handling is influenced, then entire positive control process is critical process；
For first unit of Adverse control process, determining that it is critical process includes:
Adverse control process B and the preceding dominance relation F after control process AA,i+LagA,B≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) at the last one
Equal sign is set up at unit, the dominance relation F with subsequent control process CB,i+LagB,C≤SC,i(i=1 ..., 9) in first list
Equal sign is set up at member；If first unit of Adverse control process involves a delay, it will lead to Project duration delay, remove first list
Other units other than member involve a delay, and will not influence Project duration, then the first of the Adverse control process unit is key
Process；
For starting first unit of control process, determining that it is critical process includes:
Start to control process B and the preceding dominance relation F after control process AA,i+LagA,B≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) and subsequent control
The dominance relation F of process C processedB,i+LagB,C≤SC,iThe equal sign of (i=1 ..., 9) equal sign all at first unit is set up；If
First unit for starting to control process involves a delay, and will lead to Project duration delay, other in addition to first unit
Unit involves a delay, and will not influence Project duration, then first unit for starting to control process is critical process；
For finishing control process, determining that it is critical process includes:
Finishing control process B and the preceding dominance relation F after control process AA,i≤SB,i(i=1 ..., 9) in the last one unit
Locate equal sign to set up, the dominance relation F with subsequent control process CB,i+LagB,C≤SC,i(i=1 ..., 9) also in the last one list
Equal sign is set up at member；If the duration of any one of finishing control process unit involves a delay and necessarily will cause total construction period and involve a delay
Or influencing the resource continuity of subsequent handling, then entire finishing control process is critical process.
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