CN109344488A - A kind of evidence characterization construction method of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state - Google Patents
A kind of evidence characterization construction method of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state Download PDFInfo
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- CN109344488A CN109344488A CN201811115416.2A CN201811115416A CN109344488A CN 109344488 A CN109344488 A CN 109344488A CN 201811115416 A CN201811115416 A CN 201811115416A CN 109344488 A CN109344488 A CN 109344488A
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Abstract
This application provides a kind of evidences of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state to characterize construction method, which comprises according to the sample of predetermined period acquisition unit load and bleeder heater leaving water temperature；The set of data samples that bleeder heater is in quasi-steady state process is obtained from the sample；Calculate the initial classes heart of each performance state of the set of data samplesAccording to the initial classes heart of each performance state, the typical performance regimes in each performance state are counted；Calculate the class heart of each typical performance regimesWith the class heart of transiting performance stateCalculate the confidence level that data sample is subordinate to each performance state；Construct bleeder heater performance state evidence characterization.This application provides the evidences of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state to characterize construction method, is capable of handling inaccurate, unascertained information, can effectively describe heater performance from a state to the evolution process of other states.
Description
Technical field
This application involves fired power generating unit bleeder heater equipment technical fields more particularly to a kind of fired power generating unit backheat to heat
The evidence of device performance state characterizes construction method.
Background technique
Heater is one of fired power generating unit major pant item equipment, and the superiority and inferiority of state generates unit economy and safety
Great influence.Especially in recent years, the frequency of the fired power generating unit accident due to caused by heater (especially high-pressure heater) abnormal state
Hair, and the deterioration of its state more has an immense impact on to the efficiency of unit.Cause to influence thermoelectricity to avoid heater status abnormal
The use of unit needs to exercise supervision to the state of heater.But its state shortage is effectively supervised at present, main cause is such as
Under: first is that there are inexactnesies and uncertainty with its state associated arguments the problems such as due to testing cost or instrument；Second is that shape
State detection and the method for diagnosis are not perfect.
Summary of the invention
This application provides a kind of evidences of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state to characterize construction method, for constructing
The evidence of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state characterizes, and is capable of handling inaccurate, unascertained information, can effectively describe to add
Hot device performance is from a state to the evolution process of other states.
This application provides a kind of evidences of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state to characterize construction method, the method
Include:
According to the sample of predetermined period acquisition unit load and bleeder heater leaving water temperature；
The set of data samples that bleeder heater is in quasi-steady state process is obtained from the sample；
Calculate the initial classes heart of each performance state of the set of data samples
According to the initial classes heart of each performance state, the typical performance regimes in each performance state are counted；
Calculate the class heart of each typical performance regimesWith the class heart of transiting performance state
Calculate the confidence level that data sample is subordinate to each performance state；
Construct bleeder heater performance state evidence characterization.
Optionally, in the above method, the data sample that bleeder heater is in quasi-steady state process is obtained from the sample
Collection, comprising:
Time step K is set, and as k >=K, bleeder heater is in quasi-steady state process；
Bleeder heater is in the set of data samples X of quasi-steady state processl: Xl={ Xk||xj,k+1-xj,k|≤Δj, j=1,2,
K=1,2,3 ..., Nl, NlFor the data sample acquired during first of quasi-steady state.
Optionally, in the above method, the initial classes heart of each performance state of the set of data samples is calculatedInclude:
Wherein, For XlIn k-th of data sample, Respectively XlMiddle maximum value and minimum value.
Optionally, in the above method, according to the initial classes heart of each performance state, the typical case in each performance state is counted
Performance state, comprising:
Calculate the Euclidean distance of the initial classes heart of each adjacent performance state
Whenε is given constant, then it is assumed that { ωkAnd { ωlIt is same performance state, merge described two
Class data sample；
Xl←Xk∪Xl, Nl←Nl+Nk, L=L-1；Aforesaid operations are repeated until satisfaction can not be found's
Class；Finally obtain mutually different c typical performance regimes { ωl, l=1,2 ..., c.
Optionally, in the above method, the class heart of each typical performance regimes is calculatedWith the class heart of transiting performance stateInclude:
The class heart of typical performance regimesThe class heart of transiting performance state
The evidence of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state provided by the present application characterizes construction method, for constructing thermoelectricity
The evidence of unit bleeder heater performance state characterizes, and the specific method for describing heater performance state using evidence can be located
Reason is inaccurate, unascertained information, can effectively describe heater performance from a state to other states (including transition state)
Evolution process.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of the application, letter will be made to attached drawing needed in the embodiment below
Singly introduce, it should be apparent that, for those of ordinary skills, without any creative labor,
It is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the evidence of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state provided by the embodiments of the present application characterizes construction method
Structure flow chart；
Fig. 2 is that steady-state process provided by the embodiments of the present application judges instance graph；
Fig. 3 is the class heart exemplary diagram of typical performance regimes provided by the embodiments of the present application and transition state；
Fig. 4 is that evidence provided by the embodiments of the present application constructs result instance graph.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Fired power generating unit bleeder heater equipment utilization steam turbine regenerative steam by the heat transfer types such as condensation heat heat to
Water (in high-pressure heater) or condensate (in low-pressure heater) are to realize that improving carbonated drink working medium is averaged the mesh of endothermic temperature
Mark.
For each high pressure (or low pressure) heater, the leaving water temperature that each heater is improved under given operating condition is to measure it
The important indicator of working performance.
(1) heater basic principle:
Main heat transfer mode due to influencing fired power generating unit bleeder heater is that steam side condensation heat and water supply are (or solidifying
Water) side convection current heat absorption, thus, leaving water temperature is determined by following relationship.
Twj=tsj-dtj (1)
In formula (1), twj is the leaving water temperature of j-th stage heater, and unit is DEG C.
In formula (1), tsj is the corresponding saturation temperature of j-th stage heater steam lateral pressure, and unit is DEG C.
In formula (1), dtj is the terminal temperature difference of j-th stage, related with the factors such as heat transfer area and cold and hot Working fluid flow mode
Constant, general value be -2~3, unit is DEG C.
Tsj=f1 (pnj) (2)
In formula (2), pnj is heater steam lateral pressure, and unit is MPa.
In formula (2), f1 is water and steam property relationship (IAPWS-IF97) between pressure and its saturation temperature.
Pnj=pj*dpj (3)
In formula (3), pj is j-th stage extraction pressure, and unit is MPa.
In formula (3), dpj is j-th stage extraction line pressure drop rate, with the factors such as duct length, bend pipe and reducer pipe quantity
Related constant, general value are 3-6, and unit is %.
Pj=f2 (Pel) (4)
In formula (4), Pel is unit load, and unit is MW.
In formula (4), f2 is the relationship between pressure of extracted steam from turbine and load, general satisfaction Fei Lvgeer relational expression.
In conclusion leaving water temperature twj is the main performance index of bleeder heater, major influence factors include operation
Parameter Pel and depend on device structure (such as duct length, bend pipe and reducer pipe quantity, heating surface area, cold and hot Working fluid flow side
Formula) dpj, dtj etc., for the given unit of structure determination, dpj and dtj are equally the parameters of random groups load variations, also
That is, the leaving water temperature of heater is the parameter with load variations.
Therefore, can join unit load Pel and leaving water temperature twj as the process of reflection bleeder heater performance state
Amount, is defined as follows:
X:=(x1,x2) ' :=(Pel, twj) ' (5)
In formula (5), " ' " it is vector transposition.
In formula (5), X is process variable (column) vector for reflecting bleeder heater, x1=Pel, x2=twj.
(2) data mining of heater typical performance regimes
Data mining analysis is carried out to bleeder heater, obtains data sample Xi=(x1i,x2i) ', i=1,2 ..., and
Reside in the typical performance regimes { ω in these data samplesl, l=1,2 ..., the method is as follows:
Judge whether heater reaches or in quasi-steady state process according to (6) formula:
|xj,k+1-xj,k|≤Δj, j=1,2, k=1,2,3 ... (6)
In formula (6), ΔjFor j-th of process variable x of heaterjChange threshold, be typically set to greater than standard deviation one
A constant.
A time step K is given, as k >=K, then it is assumed that heater reaches quasi-steady state process.Once heater reaches
Quasi-steady state then can get the set of data samples X of the quasi-steady state processl:
Xl={ Xk||xj,k+1-xj,k|≤Δj, j=1,2, k=1,2,3 ..., Nl} (7)
In formula (7), NlFor the data sample amount acquired during first of quasi-steady state.
After obtaining c mutually different quasi-steady state processes, that is, obtain c heater typical performance regimes { ωl},l
=1,2 ..., c.The data sample of these quasi-steady state processes constitutes the set of data samples of heater:
In formula (8), symbol ∪ is union of sets operation.
In formula (8), N is the sample size of the set of data samples X obtained.
(3) the evidence characterization and definition of heater performance state
Evidence theory be it is a kind of inaccurate, unascertained information effective tool is effectively treated, wherein evidence characterization and fixed
Justice is the basis of evidence theory.Given heater typical performance regimes collection Ω={ ω1,ω2,…,ωc, it is set then describing heating power
Any evidence m of standby current performance can be defined as follows:
In formula (9), 2ΩFor the power set of set omega.
In formula (9), A is the random subset of Ω.
In formula (9), m (A) is the confidence level that heater current performance state is under the jurisdiction of state set A.
Set A describes the inexactness of heater current state value, and m (A) then describes current performance state person in servitude
The confidence level for belonging to state set A is i.e. uncertain.As an example it is assumed that bleeder heater performance may be defined as three typicalness
Ω={ ω1,ω2,ω3, then evidence mi:mi({ω1)=0.3, mi({ω1,ω2)=0.7 describe heater performance
Just from state { ω1To transition state { ω1,ω2Development, wherein 0.3 and 0.7 characterizes heater respectively is under the jurisdiction of difference
The uncertainty of performance state, A={ ω1,ω2Describe the inexactness of heater performance state.
(4) building of heater performance state evidence mi
Firstly, original variable is standardized according to formula (10) in order to eliminate the influence of different variable dimensions
In formula (10),For XlIn k-th of data sample,Respectively XlMiddle maximum value and minimum value.
Calculate each typical performance regimes { ωlAnd transition state { ωl,ωl+1, l=1,2 ..., the class heart of c-1:
Conversely, the class heart corresponded in original variable space can be obtained by formula (13):
In formula (13), A ∈ F, F:={ { ω1},{ω1,ω2},{ω2},{ω2,ω3}…,{ωc-1},{ωc-1,ωc},
{ωcBe heater typical performance regimes collection.
Secondly, calculating degree a possibility that each data sample is under the jurisdiction of each performance state (/ uncertainty):
In formula (14),ForWith the Euclidean distance between performance state A.
In formula (14), F:={ { ω1},{ω1,ω2},{ω2},{ω2,ω3}…,{ωc-1},{ωc-1,ωc},
{ωcBe heater typical performance regimes collection.
When not considering transition state { ωl,ωl+1, when l=1,2 ..., c-1, an evidence mi(A) degenerate is a probability
Distribution or a fuzzy number.
(5) evidence of heater performance state characterizes (collection)
Based on above description, on the basis of available heater process parametric data sample X, can construct for reflecting back
The evidence characterization (collection) of hot heater performance state is as follows:
{(Xi,mi) | i=1,2 ..., N } (15)
In formula (15), XiFor i-th of data sample of X.
In formula (15), miCorrespond to X for what is defined by formula (13)iBleeder heater performance state evidence.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, the evidence of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state provided by the embodiments of the present application
Characterize construction method, comprising:
S1O1: according to the sample of predetermined period acquisition unit load and bleeder heater leaving water temperature.
When thermal motor operates normally, data sample (unit load x1=Pel, leaving water temperature x2=twj) sampling period
It is 1 second.Typically for original second grade data sample, the data screening window in 60 sampling periods is established, with 1 minute average value
As representative data sample.
S1O2: the set of data samples that bleeder heater is in quasi-steady state process is obtained from the sample.
Time step K is set, and as k >=K, bleeder heater is in quasi-steady state process；
Bleeder heater is in the set of data samples X of quasi-steady state processl: Xl={ Xk||xj,k+1-xj,k|≤Δj, j=1,2,
K=1,2,3 ..., Nl, NlFor the data sample acquired during first of quasi-steady state.
Specifically, 1. initial set l=1, if Nl> K then obtains first of typical performance regimes { ωlAnd its correspondence
Set of data samples Xl；2. l=l+1, repetitive operation 1., until complete to it is all it is original operate normally data samples traversals search
Rope calculates；3. obtaining l=L performance state set.
S1O3: the initial classes heart of each performance state of the set of data samples is calculated
The initial classes heart of each performance state is calculated according to (11) formulaSpecifically,
Wherein, For XlIn k-th of data sample, Respectively XlMiddle maximum value and minimum value.
S1O4: according to the initial classes heart of each performance state, the typical performance regimes in each performance state are counted.
Calculate each typical performance regimes { ωlEuclidean distance between the class heartIf two inhomogeneities
The distance between it is relatively close, it may be assumed that(ε is given constant, it is determined that can make final typicalness class calculation
Mesh is between 2-10), then it is assumed that { ωkAnd { ωlIt is same performance state, merge these two types of data samples；Xl←Xk∪Xl, Nl
←Nl+Nk, L=L-1；Aforesaid operations are repeated until satisfaction can not be foundClass；It finally obtains mutually different
C typical performance regimes { ωl, l=1,2 ..., c.
S1O5: the class heart of each typical performance regimes is calculatedWith the class heart of transiting performance state
Each typical performance regimes { ω is calculated separately according to formula (11), (12) and (13)lAnd transiting performance state { ωl,
ωl+1, l=1,2 ..., the class heart of c-1With
S1O6: the confidence level that data sample is subordinate to each performance state is calculated.
The confidence level (/ uncertainty) that each data sample is under the jurisdiction of each performance state is calculated according to (14) formula
S1O7: building bleeder heater performance state evidence characterization.
Heater performance state evidence characterization (collection) is constructed according to (15) formula.
Below with reference to specific example to the evidence of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state provided by the embodiments of the present application
Construction method is characterized, is described in detail:
By taking a supercritical unit #1 high-pressure heater in somewhere as an example.
Step 1: original normal sample (unit load x1=Pel, leaving water temperature x2=twj) pretreatment.When this example samples
About 4000 minutes long, raw operational data is 1 second grade data sample, and the arithmetic average in 60 periods is taken to represent as one
Property data sample, finally choose 4055 samples.
Step 2: for the unit load x of selection1=Pel, leaving water temperature x2=twj, the change threshold Δ of given parameters1
=4, Δ2=5, judge whether heater is in quasi-steady state process according to (6) formula.It is embodied as follows: 1. initial set l=1,
If Nl> K=20 then obtains first of performance state { ωlAnd its corresponding set of data samples Xl；2. l=l+1 repeats to grasp
Make 1., until completing to calculate all original traversal searches for operating normally data sample；3. obtaining l=24 performance state set
It closes.This example steady-state process judges that schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 2.
Step 3: calculating each performance state { ω according to formula (11)l, l=1,2 ..., the 24 class heart(subscript " 0 " herein
Indicate the initial classes heart), and the class heart in original variable space is gone out by formula (13) inverseWherein, The class heart presses load up sequence, is as a result respectively as follows:
Step 4: calculating each typical performance regimes { ωlEuclidean distance between the class heartIfThen think { ωkAnd { ωlIt is same performance state, merge these two types of data samples；Xl←Xk∪Xl,
Nl←Nl+Nk, L=L-1；Aforesaid operations are repeated until satisfaction can not be foundClass；It finally obtains mutually not
Identical 5 typical performance regimes { ωl, l=1,2 ..., 5.
Step 5: each typical performance regimes { ω is calculated separately according to formula (11), (12) and (13)lAnd transiting performance shape
State { ωl,ωl+1, l=1,2 ..., the 4 class heartWith
Typical performance regimes and the transition state class heart are shown in Fig. 3.
Step 6: according to (14) formula calculate each data sample be under the jurisdiction of the confidence level (/ uncertainty) of each performance state with
Certain state XiFor={ 690.1MW, 274.3 DEG C }, the confidence level of each performance state of calculating are as follows:
mi({ω1)=0.007898；mi({ω1,ω2)=0.01353；mi({ω2)=0.02831；mi({ω2,
ω3)=0.8446；
mi({ω3)=0.07040；mi({ω3,ω4)=0.01931；mi({ω4)=0.008863；mi({ω4,
ω5)=0.004417；
mi({ω5)=0.002637.
X from the results of viewiω should belong to in={ 690.1MW, 274.3 DEG C }2With ω3Transition class.
Step 7: heater performance state evidence characterization (collection) is constructed according to (15) formula.{(Xi,mi) i=1,2 ..., N, Xi
For i-th of data sample of X.miCorrespond to X for what is obtained by step 6 calculatingiBleeder heater performance state evidence.With
For certain section of real time data, the results are shown in attached figure 4 for evidence building, this section of first part belongs to { ω2, then pass through transition class
{ω2,ω3, transition is { ω3, and pass through transition class { ω2,ω3, it is transitioned into { ω again2, by 4 visible example structures of attached drawing
The evidence built can describe the above process.
It should be noted that all the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment it
Between same and similar part may refer to each other, each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments,
The relevent part can refer to the partial explaination of embodiments of method.Those skilled in the art are considering the hair of specification and practice here
After bright, other embodiments of the present invention will readily occur to.This application is intended to cover any modification of the invention, purposes or fit
Answering property changes, these variations, uses, or adaptations follow general principle of the invention and do not invent including the present invention
Common knowledge or conventional techniques in the art.The description and examples are only to be considered as illustrative, the present invention
True scope and spirit be indicated by the following claims.
It should be understood that the application is not limited to the precise structure that has been described above and shown in the drawings, and
And various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof.Scope of the present application is only limited by the accompanying claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of evidence of fired power generating unit bleeder heater performance state characterizes construction method, which is characterized in that the method packet
It includes:
According to the sample of predetermined period acquisition unit load and bleeder heater leaving water temperature；
The set of data samples that bleeder heater is in quasi-steady state process is obtained from the sample；
Calculate the initial classes heart of each performance state of the set of data samples
According to the initial classes heart of each performance state, the typical performance regimes in each performance state are counted；
Calculate the class heart of each typical performance regimesWith the class heart of transiting performance state
Calculate the confidence level that data sample is subordinate to each performance state；
Construct bleeder heater performance state evidence characterization.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining bleeder heater from the sample is in quasi-steady state
The set of data samples of process, comprising:
Time step K is set, and as k >=K, bleeder heater is in quasi-steady state process；
Bleeder heater is in the set of data samples X of quasi-steady state processl: Xl={ Xk||xj,k+1-xj,k|≤Δj, j=1,2, k=
1,2,3,…,Nl, NlFor the data sample acquired during first of quasi-steady state.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, calculating the initial of each performance state of the set of data samples
The class heartInclude:
Wherein, For XlIn k-th of data sample, Respectively XlMiddle maximum value and minimum value.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, statistics is each according to the initial classes heart of each performance state
Typical performance regimes in performance state, comprising:
Calculate the Euclidean distance of the initial classes heart of each adjacent performance state
Whenε is given constant, then it is assumed that { ωkAnd { ωlIt is same performance state, merge the two classes number
According to sample；
Xl←Xk∪Xl, Nl←Nl+Nk, L=L-1；Aforesaid operations are repeated until satisfaction can not be foundClass；Most
After obtain mutually different c typical performance regimes { ωl, l=1,2 ..., c.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, calculating the class heart of each typical performance regimesAnd transitionality
The class heart of energy stateInclude:
The class heart of typical performance regimesThe class heart of transiting performance state
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| US5619433A (en) * | 1991-09-17 | 1997-04-08 | General Physics International Engineering Simulation Inc. | Real-time analysis of power plant thermohydraulic phenomena |
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