CN109344432A - A kind of hydrological model bearing calibration based on remote sensing water surface river width - Google Patents
A kind of hydrological model bearing calibration based on remote sensing water surface river width Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of hydrological model bearing calibration based on remote sensing water surface river width, comprising: establishes the run-off Q and river cross-section river width We in river, mean flow rate V, the relationship between mean depth D these three hydraulic elements: Q=A × V=We × D × V；Wherein, river cross-section river width We, mean flow rate V, respective relationship between mean depth D these three hydraulic elements are as follows: We=aQb；D=cQf；V=kQm；Wherein, α, c, k, b, f, m are coefficient；Remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is obtained using remotely-sensed data, the coefficient of hydrological model is corrected by the relationship between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of data processing, more particularly, to a kind of hydrological model school based on remote sensing water surface river width
Correction method.
Background technique
With the development of society, more and more fields all begin to use data analysis and data processing technique.Using sea
The many fields for measuring data are all handled data so that computer can be according to these data of processing.
Hydrographic data is an extremely important data of river basins, is the basis that early warning is carried out to disaster.Often at present
Most of hydrological model is precipitation-runoff hydrological model, and the input of system is precipitation, and the output of system is diameter
Flow；And the parameter correction of hydrological model is carried out by measuring runoff data.Due to being directed to actual measurement correction, deposit
In correction low efficiency and the problem of be easy to produce human error.
Summary of the invention
Cause to correct low efficiency by measuring runoff data for the parameter correction of current hydrological model and is also easy to produce people
The problem of for error, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of hydrological model bearing calibration based on remote sensing water surface river width, Neng Goutong
Remote sensing water surface river is crossed to be corrected Hydro-Model Parameter Calibration Technology.
To achieve the goals above, the hydrological model correction based on remote sensing water surface river width that the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of
Method, comprising:
Establish the run-off Q and river cross-section river width We in river, mean flow rate V, mean depth D these three hydraulic elements it
Between relationship:
Q=A × V=We × D × V (1)
Wherein, Q is run-off；A is river cross-section area；V is mean flow rate；We is river cross-section river width；D is average water
It is deep；
Wherein, river cross-section river width We, mean flow rate V, respective relationship between mean depth D these three hydraulic elements
Are as follows:
We=aQb (2)
D=cQf (3)
V=kQm (4)
Wherein, α, c, k, b, f, m are coefficient；
Remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is obtained using remotely-sensed data, by between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We
Relationship is corrected the parameter of hydrological model.
Further, remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is obtained using remotely-sensed data, passes through run-off Q and river cross-section river
Relationship between wide We is corrected the parameter of hydrological model, specifically includes:
Run-off is determined using hydrological model；
Run-off Q is input to the hydraulic formula of formula (1), using between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We
Relationship determines river cross-section river width We；
Remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is determined using remotely-sensed data, and utilizes the run-off Q and river cross-section of formula (2)
Relationship between river width We is corrected remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' to the parameter of hydrological model and repairs to hydrological model
Just.
Further, described to obtain remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' using remotely-sensed data, it is disconnected by run-off Q and river
Relationship between the river width We of face is corrected the parameter of hydrological model, specifically includes:
Step 21, using rainfall-runoff amount hydrological model, determine run-off Q；
Step 22 utilizes the corresponding relationship between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We: We=aQb, determine corresponding river
Road section river width We；
Step 23 determines remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' according to remotely-sensed data, judges river cross-section river width We and remote sensing river
The correlation of road section river width We '；If correlation is greater than preset value, which is exported；If
Correlation is less than preset value, then after being modified to parameter alpha and b, return step 22.
Further, a basin is considered as the collection that the unlimited separate unit for being that is independent of each other forms by the hydrological model
It closes, each unit is all based on runoff yield under saturated storage mechanism, it then follows following water-holding capacity curve equation:
Wherein, CmaxFor soil water storage maximum value；BexpFor soil water storage ability spatial variations index；F (C) is soil water storage
The cumulative percentage of ability；C is soils remediation technolgy；
Then We=aQ in formula (2)bA and b be river width-runoff water mechanical relationship coefficient.
Further, the method also includes:
The measured data of remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is obtained, stochastical sampling obtains the parameter combination of N group a and b, with flat
The inverse of equal error is as plausible goals function:
Wherein, θiFor the i-th group model parameter combination；W is the corresponding θ of the parameter combinationiValue；L(θi| W) it is i-th group
The inverse of the corresponding mean error of parameter combination；Wm,jFor the measured value at jth moment；Wsim,jFor the analogue value at jth moment；Likelihood
The threshold value of objective function is set as 0.2, and likelihood value is greater than 0.2 corresponding parameter combination and combines as actual parameter.
Further, wherein N >=50,000.
Technical solution of the present invention has the advantage that
Above scheme proposes a kind of hydrological model bearing calibration based on remote sensing water surface river width, can utilize hydrological model
Obtain run-off Q；Then with the relationship We=aQ between run-off Q and river cross-section river width WebRiver cross-section river width We is calculated,
Remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is being obtained by remotely-sensed data, by being related to it between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We
In river width-runoff water mechanical relationship coefficient a and b be modified, to correct hydrological model.
Detailed description of the invention
By with reference to the accompanying drawing to a preferred embodiment of the present invention carry out description, technical solution of the present invention and
Its technical effect will become clearer, and more easily understand.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the parameter correction in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to appended attached drawing.
Currently used major part hydrological model is precipitation-runoff hydrological model, and the input of system is precipitation,
The output of system is run-off；And the parameter correction of hydrological model is carried out by measuring runoff data, leads to parameter in this way
The efficiency and accuracy of correction not can guarantee.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of hydrological model bearing calibration based on remote sensing river width, purport
Parameter correction is being carried out using remote sensing basin outlet river water surface width watershed hydrological model, thus by after parameter correction
Hydrological model calculates long-time diameter flow data.
It is as shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of hydrological model bearing calibration based on remote sensing water surface river width,
Include:
Establish the run-off Q and river cross-section river width We in river, mean flow rate V, mean depth D these three hydraulic elements it
Between relationship:
Q=A × V=We × D × V (1)
Wherein, Q is run-off；A is river cross-section area；V is mean flow rate；We is river cross-section river width；D is average water
It is deep；
Wherein, river cross-section river width We, mean flow rate V, respective relationship between mean depth D these three hydraulic elements
Are as follows:
We=aQb (2)
D=cQf (3)
V=kQm (4)
Wherein, α, c, k, b, f, m are coefficient；
Remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is obtained using remotely-sensed data, by between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We
Relationship is corrected the parameter of hydrological model.
Further, remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is obtained using remotely-sensed data, passes through run-off Q and river cross-section river
Relationship between wide We is corrected the parameter of hydrological model, specifically includes:
Sharp hydrological model determines run-off；
Run-off Q is input to the hydraulic formula of formula (1), using between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We
Relationship determines river cross-section river width We；
Remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is determined using remotely-sensed data, and utilizes the run-off Q and river cross-section of formula (2)
Relationship between river width We is corrected remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' to the parameter of hydrological model and repairs to hydrological model
Just.
Further, described to obtain remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' using remotely-sensed data, it is disconnected by run-off Q and river
Relationship between the river width We of face is corrected the parameter of hydrological model, specifically includes:
Step 21, using rainfall-runoff amount hydrological model, determine run-off Q；
Step 22 utilizes the corresponding relationship between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We: We=aQb, determine corresponding river
Road section river width We；
Step 23 determines remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' according to remotely-sensed data, judges river cross-section river width We and remote sensing river
The correlation of road section river width We '；If correlation is greater than preset value, which is exported；If
Correlation is less than preset value, then after being modified to parameter alpha and b, return step 22.
Further, a basin is considered as the collection that the unlimited separate unit for being that is independent of each other forms by the hydrological model
It closes, each unit is all based on runoff yield under saturated storage mechanism, it then follows following water-holding capacity curve equation:
Wherein, CmaxFor soil water storage maximum value；BexpFor soil water storage ability spatial variations index；F (C) is soil water storage
The cumulative percentage of ability；C is soils remediation technolgy；
Then We=aQ in formula (2)bA and b be river width-runoff water mechanical relationship coefficient.
Further, the method also includes:
The measured data of remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is obtained, stochastical sampling obtains the parameter combination of N group a and b, with flat
The inverse of equal error is as plausible goals function:
Wherein, θiFor the i-th group model parameter combination；W is the corresponding θ of the parameter combinationiValue；L(θi| W) it is i-th group
The inverse of the corresponding mean error of parameter combination；Wm,jFor the measured value at jth moment；Wsim,jFor the analogue value at jth moment；Likelihood
The threshold value of objective function is set as 0.2, and likelihood value is greater than 0.2 corresponding parameter combination and combines as actual parameter.
Further, wherein N >=50,000.
Specifically:
The embodiment of the present invention carries out structure of modification to hydrological model first, by existing hydrological model and hydraulics module into
Row combines, and establishes output-run-off of hydrological model and the hydraulics relationship of both river water surface width；It is with water surface width
The output of model as a whole, so as to carry out the parameter correction of model using remote sensing river water surface width data.
The run-off in river and the hydraulics relationship of river water surface width can inquire into according to hydraulics geometric theory.River
Run-off be exactly that can be indicated with following formula by the volume of the water of river cross-section in the unit time:
Q=A × V=We × D × V (1)
Wherein, Q is run-off (unit m3/s)；A is river cross-section area (unit m2)；V is mean flow rate (unit
For m/s)；We is river cross-section river width (unit m)；D is mean depth (unit m).
From formula (1) it is found that the run-off of a cross section of river can be calculated by three above hydraulic elements: river is disconnected
Face river width We, mean depth D, mean flow rate V.
According to the principle of river morphology, river cross-section area A, cross-sectional flow Q, river cross-section river width We are by runoff
Amount and determine.The waterpower geometric theory and many research achievements that Leopold, Maddock et al. are proposed show for one
Cross section of river, there is waterpower relationships between run-off each independently for these hydraulic elements, and can use following pass
System indicates:
We=aQb (2)
D=cQf (3)
V=kQm (4)
Wherein, α, c, k, b, f, m are coefficient；
The parameter of hydrological model is corrected using parameter alpha and b.
Wherein, the parameter of hydrological model is corrected using parameter alpha and b, is specifically included:
The structure and model correcting process of overall model (hydrological model+hydraulics module) after hydrological model structure of modification
As shown in Figure 2.Hydrological model is operated first, using the run-off of hydrological model output as the input of hydraulics module, utilizes diameter
The hydraulics geometrical relationship of flow and river width exports river width data.In overall model structure, the rainfall-diameter of hydrological model itself
Flowing water text system structure haves no need to change, and hydraulics module calculation process is added after hydrological model calculation process, by run-off
As intermediate variable, output of the river width as last overall model.The model parameter group of overall model is the parameter of hydrological model
The set of group and hydraulics module parameter group carries out parameter correction using the river width data that remote sensing obtains, and acquisition is best suitable for reality
The overall model the most optimized parameter group in basin.Finally, running the hydrology with the parameter group part of hydrological model in the most optimized parameter group
Model extrapolates run-off.
In view of applying hydrological model in data deficiency area, and model school is carried out with discontinuous remote sensing river width data
Just, selected model needs to have better simply model structure and less model-driven data requirements.And model needs to have
Standby certain space distributivity mechanism is to adapt to biggish drainage area.According to requirements above, the embodiment of the present invention can be any
Kind hydrological model.One basin is interpreted as by the unlimited separate unit for being that is independent of each other by the hydrological model of the embodiment of the present invention
The set of composition, each unit are all based on runoff yield under saturated storage mechanism, it then follows following water-holding capacity curve equation.
Wherein, CmaxFor soil water storage maximum value (unit: mm)；BexpFor soil water storage ability spatial variations index；F(C)
For the cumulative percentage of soil water storage ability；C is soils remediation technolgy (unit: mm).
1 Hydro-Model Parameter Calibration Technology explanation of table
Precipitation is generated in basin, if precipitation is more than soil maximum water-storage (Cmax), soil maximum water-storage, which removes, to be steamed
The remainder of hair amount then forms runoff, flows as producing.The flow of generation is according to the distribution factor Alpha of two kinds of water tank processes points
Flow to high flow rate water tank process and low-flow radiator process.High flow rate water tank process passes through three continuous water tanks with very fast flow velocity
Model indicates rainwash；Low-flow radiator process is, by a tank model, to indicate groundwater flow compared with slug flow speed.Two
A process has procedure parameter, and as the runoff decline coefficient (Kq, Ks) for passing through tank model, runoff decline coefficient is according to division
Each basin change with a distance from the general export of basin, can be considered the geographical space running parameter of model.Pass through two processes
Run-off converge to form the yielding flow in basin.All model parameters and its meaning of the model are shown in Table 2.
Hydrological model parameter of rear hydrology hydrological integrated model in conjunction with hydraulics module is hydrological model and hydraulics mould
The set of block parameter, design parameter are described as follows shown in table.
Hydro-Model Parameter Calibration Technology explanation of the table 2 based on remote sensing river width
Effective river width that the embodiment of the present invention is obtained using remote sensing carries out the parameter correction of model as measured data.By
There is the return period in remote sensing satellite, and remote sensing image is influenced by weather image (especially cloud layer covering), passes through remote sensing
Effective river width data of image capturing are not continuous time series data.Based on the above circumstances, this research using GLUE method into
Row corrected model parameter and parameter uncertainty analysis.According to the Research Literature of the previous hydrological model and application experience and right
The investigation for studying area's physical condition, has chosen the initial value range of each model parameter, and the initial distribution of each parameter is assumed
To be uniformly distributed, with Monte Carlo method stochastical sampling, 50,000 group of parameter combination is obtained, is made with the inverse of mean error
It is as follows for plausible goals function:
In formula: θiFor the i-th group model parameter combination；W is the corresponding θ of the parameter combinationiValue；L(θi| W) it is i-th group
The inverse of the corresponding mean error of parameter combination；Wm,jFor the measured value at jth moment；Wsim,jFor the analogue value at jth moment.Likelihood
The threshold value of objective function is set as 0.2, and likelihood value is greater than 0.2 corresponding parameter combination and combines as actual parameter.
For person of ordinary skill in the field, with the development of technology, present inventive concept can be in different ways
It realizes.Embodiments of the present invention are not limited in embodiments described above, and can carry out within the scope of the claims
Variation.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of hydrological model bearing calibration based on remote sensing water surface river width characterized by comprising
Establish the run-off Q and river cross-section river width We in river, mean flow rate V, between mean depth D these three hydraulic elements
Relationship:
Q=A × V=We × D × V (1)
Wherein, Q is run-off；A is river cross-section area；V is mean flow rate；We is river cross-section river width；D is mean depth；
Wherein, river cross-section river width We, mean flow rate V, respective relationship between mean depth D these three hydraulic elements are as follows:
We=aQb (2)
D=cQf (3)
V=kQm (4)
Wherein, α, c, k, b, f, m are coefficient；
Remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is obtained using remotely-sensed data, passes through the relationship between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We
The parameter of hydrological model is corrected.
2. the hydrological model bearing calibration according to claim 1 based on remote sensing water surface river width, which is characterized in that utilize distant
Data acquisition remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is felt, by the relationship between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We to hydrological model
Parameter be corrected, specifically include:
Sharp hydrological model determines run-off；
Run-off Q is input to the hydraulic formula of formula (1), utilizes the relationship between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We
Determine river cross-section river width We；
Remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is determined using remotely-sensed data, and utilizes the run-off Q and river cross-section river width of formula (2)
Relationship between We is corrected remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' to the parameter of hydrological model and is modified to hydrological model.
3. the hydrological model bearing calibration according to claim 2 based on remote sensing water surface river width, which is characterized in that the benefit
Remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is obtained with remotely-sensed data, by the relationship between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We to the hydrology
The parameter of model is corrected, and is specifically included:
Step 21, using rainfall-runoff amount hydrological model, determine run-off Q；
Step 22 utilizes the corresponding relationship between run-off Q and river cross-section river width We: We=aQb, determine that corresponding river is disconnected
Face river width We；
Step 23 determines remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' according to remotely-sensed data, judges that river cross-section river width We and remote sensing river are disconnected
The correlation of face river width We '；If correlation is greater than preset value, which is exported；If related
Property be less than preset value, then after being modified to parameter alpha and b, return step 22.
4. the hydrological model bearing calibration according to claim 1 based on remote sensing water surface river width, which is characterized in that the water
One basin is considered as the set that the unlimited separate unit for being that is independent of each other forms by literary model, and each unit is all based on storage and produces at full capacity
Stream mechanism, it then follows following water-holding capacity curve equation:
Wherein, CmaxFor soil water storage maximum value；BexpFor soil water storage ability spatial variations index；F (C) is soil water storage ability
Cumulative percentage；C is soils remediation technolgy；
Then We=aQ in formula (2)bA and b be river width-runoff water mechanical relationship coefficient.
5. the hydrological model bearing calibration according to claim 1-4 based on remote sensing water surface river width, feature exist
In, the method also includes:
The measured data of remote sensing river cross-section river width We ' is obtained, stochastical sampling obtains the parameter combination of N group a and b, with average mistake
The inverse of difference is as plausible goals function:
Wherein, θiFor the i-th group model parameter combination；W is the corresponding θ of the parameter combinationiValue；L(θi| W) it is i-th group of parameter
Combine the inverse of corresponding mean error；Wm,jFor the measured value at jth moment；Wsim,jFor the analogue value at jth moment；Plausible goals
The threshold value of function is set as 0.2, and likelihood value is greater than 0.2 corresponding parameter combination and combines as actual parameter.
6. the hydrological model bearing calibration according to claim 5 based on remote sensing water surface river width, which is characterized in that wherein N
≥50,000。
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| CN112836449A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-05-25 | 北京师范大学 | Method for calibrating hydrological model |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111400973A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for constructing flow-water surface width relation curve based on hydrologic monitoring data |
| CN111401529A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | River ecological flow supervision method based on remote sensing technology |
| CN111401529B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-02-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | River ecological flow supervision method based on remote sensing technology |
| CN112836449A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-05-25 | 北京师范大学 | Method for calibrating hydrological model |
| CN112836449B (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2023-09-05 | 北京师范大学 | Method for calibrating hydrologic model |
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Address after: 100875, 19, Xinjie street, Haidian District, Beijing Co-patentee after: Shandong Institute of ecological environment planning Patentee after: BEIJING NORMAL University Address before: 100875, 19, Xinjie street, Haidian District, Beijing Co-patentee before: SHANDONG ACADEMY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING Patentee before: BEIJING NORMAL University |