CN109343130B - Laterally-excited loop source ground well transient electromagnetic detection method and system - Google Patents
Laterally-excited loop source ground well transient electromagnetic detection method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transient electromagnetic detection method and system, belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a laterally-excited loop source ground well transient electromagnetic detection method and system. According to the invention, the abnormal body is excited at the side by the ungrounded loop wire, so that a good coupling effect can be generated on the steep or vertical low-resistance plate-shaped body, a receiving device is used for receiving a secondary field signal in a roadway or a borehole, a strong response signal can be received, the received signal is subjected to inversion processing by the provided data processing method, and an accurate interpretation result can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a transient electromagnetic detection method and system, belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a laterally-excited loop source ground well transient electromagnetic detection method and system.
Background
The geophysical method is earlier applied to underground goaf or low-resistance geologic body detection, has more types and better obtained effect, wherein the method with better water-bearing property detection effect mainly adopts an electromagnetic method, and the electromagnetic method specifically comprises a direct current type electric method represented by high density and an induction type electric method represented by transient electromagnetism. For the transient electromagnetic method, there are various methods such as a ground large fixed source transient electromagnetic method and a well transient electromagnetic method.
The transient electromagnetic method belongs to an important branch in an electromagnetic detection method, and the resistivity difference of underground media is based on the physical property. A primary pulse magnetic field (primary field) is sent to the underground by using a ground non-grounded return wire or a ground wire source, and under the excitation of the primary pulse magnetic field, induced eddy currents excited in an underground geologic body generate an induced electromagnetic field (secondary field) which changes along with time. The transient electromagnetic method is sensitive to low resistance, and is widely applied to finding water resources, metal ore bodies, mine hidden water containing/guiding structures and channel detection at present. However, the method is a difficult problem for detecting the underground steep or vertical plate-shaped body, and because the sectional area in the horizontal direction is generally small, the conventional method is difficult to generate a good excitation effect, and the detection capability of the transient electromagnetic method is seriously influenced.
The transient electromagnetic method of the ground well is an important branch of the transient electromagnetic method, the research is started in the last 70 th century, relevant scholars are mainly concentrated in western countries such as Canada, Australia and the like, and various transient electromagnetic detecting instruments of the ground well are developed. The method has the advantages that the receiving probe is placed in an underground tunnel or a drill hole, three components of an induction secondary field can be received, detection and positioning of the low-resistance geologic body are achieved, the receiving position is closer to the geologic body, the receiving probe is less interfered by a conductive covering layer and external electromagnetic waves in the underground tunnel or the drill hole, abnormal response stronger than the ground can be obtained, deep earth electric structures and the geologic body can be detected to the maximum extent, and particularly when the ground transient electromagnetic method cannot obtain effective abnormality, the method has more prominent advantages.
The invention discloses a transient electromagnetic data differential conductance interpretation technology disclosed in the Chinese patent with the application number of 201610061215.3, which is an interpretation method based on different attenuation characteristics of induced electromotive force in regions with different resistivity.
The Chinese patent with application number 201610398371.9 discloses a transient electromagnetic method ground hole detection method and device, wherein a large transmitting loop fully surrounding a target body stratum is arranged on the ground, three-component data of a secondary field around a hole is directly received in an underground bedding drilling hole, and information such as the position and scale of a hidden disaster-causing body is detected. The projection position of the return line completely surrounds the target stratum to be detected, namely the projection of the borehole on the ground is positioned in the return line. For the detection device, the coupling effect of the magnetic field generated by the ungrounded loop and the plate-shaped body is poor, the plate-shaped body cannot induce a strong secondary field, and even if the probe is received in a nearby drilling hole, strong abnormal response cannot be obtained, so that the method has a weak detection effect on the steep or vertical low-resistance plate-shaped body.
Therefore, it is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently at present to improve the transient electromagnetic detection method and system in the prior art to meet the requirements of different application scenarios.
Disclosure of Invention
The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
In the prior art, a large transmitting loop fully surrounding a target stratum is arranged on the ground, and three-component data of a secondary field around a hole is directly received in an underground bedding borehole. And the loop line projection position completely surrounds the target stratum to be detected. For the detection device, the coupling effect of the magnetic field generated by the ungrounded loop and the steep plate-shaped body is poor, the plate-shaped body cannot induce a strong secondary field, and even if the probe is received in a nearby drilling hole, strong abnormal response cannot be obtained, so that the detection effect of the method on the steep or vertical low-resistance plate-shaped body is poor. According to the characteristic that the shape of a target body is nearly vertical, the magnetic field excited by the emission wire frame is nearly vertically distributed in the frame according to the ampere rule, namely the horizontal component is very small, the magnetic field is gradually inclined outside the frame, and the horizontal component is enlarged. If the steep plate-shaped body is arranged in the frame, effective excitation is difficult to obtain, if the steep plate-shaped body is arranged outside the frame, namely a ground return line source excited by the side is arranged, magnetic force lines can penetrate through the steep or vertical low-resistance plate-shaped body to the maximum extent, the optimal excitation effect is generated in the abnormal body, a strong geologic body abnormal response signal is obtained, and the underground steep or vertical low-resistance plate-shaped body outside the return line is accurately detected.
In the prior art, the method for explaining the attenuation characteristics of induced electromotive force obtained based on a transient electromagnetic exploration method in regions with different resistivity is different, and although the method greatly enriches a large loop source transient electromagnetic explanation method, the method is still not ideal in detection effect on underground steep or vertical plate-shaped bodies as a conventional ground transient electromagnetic method. The invention arranges a survey line in an underground drill hole or a roadway to receive a three-component transient electromagnetic field, a receiving device is close to an abnormal body, and space position information of a steep or vertical low-resistance plate body is obtained by processing the three-component magnetic field value based on a current loop inversion algorithm.
In order to solve the problems, the scheme of the invention is as follows:
arranging an ungrounded loop on the ground, and connecting the ungrounded loop with transmitting equipment to form a transmitting system, wherein the ungrounded loop is positioned beside the ground projection position of an underground target body;
arranging a receiving measuring line in the underground roadway or the drill hole, wherein the receiving measuring line is positioned outside the projection of the ungrounded return line;
a receiving probe is placed at a measuring point of the receiving measuring line, and the receiving probe is connected with receiving equipment to form a receiving system;
the transmitting system is located on the ground, the receiving system is located in the underground space, and the transmitting system and the receiving system can be connected through a synchronous cable or synchronously separated through a quartz clock.
The receiving survey lines arranged in the underground roadway or the drill hole are approximately horizontally arranged.
The size of the ground ungrounded wire return source is more than 0.5 time of the burial depth of the target body, the size of the wire return source is the side length of the wire return source, the burial depth of the target body to be detected is the burial depth of the target body, the size of the wire return source is more than 0.5 time of the burial depth, the primary magnetic field intensity of the target body can be guaranteed to be larger, and an abnormal body can be fully excited to generate a secondary magnetic field.
The ground non-grounding wire return source is arranged according to the principle that magnetic lines of a static magnetic field generate larger sectional areas at a target body, and according to the characteristic that the shape of the target body is approximately vertical, the magnetic field excited by the emission wire frame is approximately vertically distributed in the frame according to the ampere rule, namely the horizontal component is small, the magnetic field is gradually inclined outside the frame, and the horizontal component is enlarged. If the steep plate-shaped body is arranged in the frame, effective excitation is difficult to obtain, if the steep plate-shaped body is arranged outside the frame, namely a ground return line source excited by the side is arranged, magnetic force lines can penetrate through the steep or vertical low-resistance plate-shaped body to the maximum extent, the optimal excitation effect is generated in the abnormal body, a strong geologic body abnormal response signal is obtained, and the underground steep or vertical low-resistance plate-shaped body outside the return line is accurately detected.
By supplying direct current to the ungrounded loop wire, a stable artificial magnetic field is established in a target area, and current in the ungrounded loop wire is cut off, so that induced current is respectively generated in the stratum and the target body according to a Faraday electromagnetic induction phenomenon, and an induced magnetic field is further formed; arranging a receiving probe at a measuring point in the underground roadway or the borehole, and acquiring a three-component magnetic field signal to obtain data of the measuring point; and moving the probe to the next measuring point, acquiring the three-component magnetic field signal, and repeating the process, wherein data needs to be encrypted and acquired near the abnormal body or in a place with severe data change, so as to obtain the whole data of the measuring line.
And performing multi-channel mapping, current loop inversion and other algorithm calculations on the acquired three-component data to obtain the size and the spatial position of an induced current loop in the target body, so as to realize the detection of the target body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the abnormal body is excited at the side by the ungrounded loop wire, so that a good coupling effect can be generated on the steep or vertical low-resistance plate-shaped body, a receiving device is used for receiving a secondary field signal in a roadway or a borehole, a strong response signal can be received, the received signal is subjected to inversion processing by the provided data processing method, and an accurate interpretation result can be obtained.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and to enable a person skilled in the pertinent art to make and use the disclosure.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a detection apparatus in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic layout of a wire measuring and transmitting frame in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a multi-trace plot in an embodiment of the present invention;
4(a) - (b) illustrate a current loop inversion fit and inversion model schematic in an embodiment of the invention;
embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
Examples
The embodiment provides a laterally excited transient electromagnetic detection method for a ground well with a return line source.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a detection apparatus in an embodiment of the invention; fig. 1 is only described by way of example of advance detection of geological anomalies along a coal seam, but it should be noted that this description is merely exemplary and that the present invention is not limited to advance detection of geological anomalies along a coal seam.
The specific implementation mode of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) if no hole is drilled in the target stratum needing to be detected underground, the hole needs to be drilled firstly, a hole is drilled in the coal seam 5 along the tunneling direction in front of the head 11 of the roadway 10, and the drilling depth is determined according to the depth of the water-containing geological abnormal body 6 or the detection depth.
(2) According to the basic information of the target body, the ground return line source 2 excited laterally is arranged according to the calculation result of indoor data in a targeted and reasonable mode, and the arrangement principle is that magnetic lines of force penetrate through the water-containing anomalous body as much as possible, so that the optimal coupling state is generated between the emission return line and the water-containing geological anomalous body.
(3) And the transmitting loop 2 is connected with ground transmitting equipment to form a transmitting system. And supplying current 3 carrying direct-current square waves to the ground transmitting loop, and sending a primary field 7 to the underground, wherein the size of the ground loop is more than 0.5 times of the buried depth of the target body.
(4) Under the action of the primary field 7, the underground water-containing geological abnormal body 6 can generate induced current inside, also called vortex 8, and a new magnetic field is generated around the vortex under the action of time change of the vortex, called as a secondary field 9.
(5) The receiving probe is placed in the borehole 12 and connected with a receiving device to form a receiving system. The receiving probe receives the three-component data in the drill hole, moves to the next measuring point after receiving the three-component data, completes data acquisition of the whole measuring line, and adopts a method of encrypted measuring point acquisition when the data change is large or the position near an abnormal body is large.
(6) And performing algorithm calculation such as multi-channel mapping, current loop inversion and the like on the acquired three-component data to realize the spatial positioning of the geologic body.
The data processing process in the step (6) comprises the following steps:
the steps of processing the transient electromagnetic data of the ground well are different from the conventional transient electromagnetic data, the result display form is also different, the exploration result is generally given out in a mode of not adopting an apparent resistivity section or a plane isoline, but in a form of a multi-channel map, and the position and the general shape of a local abnormal body are directly given out by combining with inversion software. The method mainly comprises the following steps of data processing of transient electromagnetism of the ground well:
firstly, determining an effective data segment according to a single-point curve;
determining the response time period of the abnormal body according to the types, the buried depths, the stratums and other conditions of the abnormal body in the exploration area;
analyzing the change rule of the three-component single-point attenuation curve, and delineating an abnormal attenuation curve;
fourthly, comprehensively analyzing the actually measured three-component multi-trace curve according to the lithological interface response characteristics of the theoretical model and by combining the logging curve and the comprehensive histogram to determine the stratum interface response;
according to the three-component multi-trace curve form of the theoretical background stratum, the response characteristics of local abnormal bodies are circled on the multi-trace curve, and the abnormal single-point curve in the step 3 is combined for analysis and confirmation;
dividing the depth range of the appearance of local abnormal bodies;
carrying out current loop inversion on typical transient electromagnetic anomalies of the well, and extracting the anomalies for inversion if necessary;
and finally, performing geological interpretation on the inverted abnormal body.
The embodiment provides a laterally excited loop source ground well transient electromagnetic detection system. As shown in fig. 1, includes:
the return wire source is arranged on the ground and coupled with the water-containing geological abnormal body, and is used for generating a primary field under the excitation of the transmitting device;
and the receiving device is arranged in the target stratum drill hole and used for receiving the secondary field data.
In this embodiment, the receiving device is preferably configured to receive the secondary field data point by point in the target formation borehole according to a predetermined trajectory.
In this embodiment, the size of the loop source is preferably 0.5 times or more the buried depth of the target.
Fig. 2-4 illustrate specific applications of embodiments of the present invention. In fig. 2-4, the experimental verification work is carried out in the field, and an underground water storage tank is selected as a detection target, the buried depth of the center point of the target is 7.5m, and the size is length x width x height: 4 m.times.1 m.times.5 m. The side length of an emission loop is 100m multiplied by 50m, the emission fundamental frequency is 5Hz, the emission current is 13A, the current is in the anticlockwise direction, the side excitation is carried out, and the distance between the ground projection center point of the water storage tank and the line measuring frame is 5 m. A survey line is arranged in an underground deep pit of the simulated roadway, the horizontal distance between the survey line 1 and a frame is 4.5m, the horizontal distance between the survey line 2 and the frame is 7.5m, the origin of coordinates is selected from the starting point (leftmost end) of the survey line 2, and the central coordinates of a target body are (35,12.5, -7.5). The test site wire layout is shown in fig. 2.
FIG. 3 illustrates a multi-trace plot in an embodiment of the present invention; in the figure, (a), (b) and (c) are actually measured three-component multi-trace curves of a measuring line 1, and (d) (e) and (f) are actually measured three-component multi-trace curves of a measuring line 2.
4(a) - (b) illustrate a current loop inversion fit and inversion model schematic in an embodiment of the invention; in the graph (a), a three-component single-time channel fitting graph is shown, and the data curve fitting degree is good. And (b) is a diagram illustrating inversion results.
For more obvious analysis of inversion accuracy, the inversion result parameters are shown as follows:
from the processing results in the table above, the current loop inversion can successfully invert the position and size parameters of the water storage tank, wherein the inversion effect of the measuring line 1 is better than that of the measuring line 2, which shows that the closer the receiving distance to the target body is, the more accurate the detection is.
In this embodiment, while, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the methodologies are shown and described as a series of acts, it is to be understood and appreciated that the methodologies are not limited by the order of acts, as some acts may, in accordance with one or more embodiments, occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts from that shown and described herein or not shown and described herein, as may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It is noted that references in the specification to "one embodiment," "an example embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A laterally excited transient electromagnetic detection method for a ground well with a loop source is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging an ungrounded return wire on the ground and connecting the ungrounded return wire with transmitting equipment to form a transmitting system, wherein the ungrounded return wire is positioned beside the ground projection position of an underground target body;
arranging a receiving measuring line in the underground roadway or the drill hole, wherein the receiving measuring line is positioned at the inner side of the projection of the ungrounded return line;
a receiving probe is placed at a measuring point of the receiving measuring line, and the receiving probe is connected with receiving equipment to form a receiving system;
establishing a stable artificial magnetic field in a target area by supplying direct current to the ungrounded return wire;
cutting off the current in the ungrounded loop, and acquiring a three-component magnetic field signal of a measuring point by using a receiving probe to obtain data of the measuring point; and moving the probe to the next measuring point, continuously acquiring the three-component magnetic field signals, and repeating the steps until the acquisition of all the measuring points is finished.
2. A method of electromagnetic detection of a transient in a well according to claim 1,
the transmitting system and the receiving system are connected through a synchronous cable or are synchronously separated through a quartz clock.
3. A method of electromagnetic detection of a transient in a well according to claim 1, characterized in that said receiving profile arranged in an underground roadway or borehole is arranged along a roadway floor or borehole.
4. The method for detecting the transient electromagnetism of the ground well according to the claim 1, characterized in that the size of the ground ungrounded wire return source is more than 0.5 times of the burial depth of the target body, the size of the wire return source is the side length of the wire return source, the burial depth of the target body to be detected is the burial depth of the target body to be detected, and the size of the wire return source is more than 0.5 times of the burial depth.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein data is collected in an encrypted manner near an anomaly or where data changes are severe, resulting in a survey of the entire data.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the size and spatial position of the induced current loop in the target body are obtained by performing multi-channel mapping and current loop inversion algorithm calculation on the collected three-component magnetic field signal data.
7. A laterally excited loop source earth-well transient electromagnetic detection system, comprising:
the system comprises an ungrounded return wire arranged on the ground, a transmitting system and a control system, wherein the ungrounded return wire is connected with transmitting equipment to form the transmitting system, and is positioned beside the ground projection position of an underground target body;
a receiving survey line arranged in the underground roadway or the borehole, wherein the receiving survey line is positioned at the inner side of the projection of the ungrounded return line;
and the receiving probe is placed at a measuring point of the receiving measuring line and is connected with receiving equipment to form a receiving system.
8. A borehole transient electromagnetic detection system according to claim 7,
the transmitting system and the receiving system are connected through a synchronous cable or are synchronously separated through a quartz clock.
9. A system according to claim 7, wherein the receiving profile arranged in an underground roadway or borehole is arranged along a roadway floor or borehole.
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| CN112433254A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-02 | 长江大学 | Method for exploring water disaster position of coal mine working face |
| CN113064207B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-09-09 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Multi-source earth well transient electromagnetic detection method and device |
| CN113063845B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-04-19 | 西南石油大学 | Buried pipeline buried depth rapid detection method based on self-leakage magnetic field and artificial neural network |
| CN114035237B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-09-15 | 中国矿业大学 | Ground drilling transient electromagnetic method for monitoring coal mining separation layer water formation process |
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