CN109342994B - Optical guiding system - Google Patents
Optical guiding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109342994B CN109342994B CN201811520456.5A CN201811520456A CN109342994B CN 109342994 B CN109342994 B CN 109342994B CN 201811520456 A CN201811520456 A CN 201811520456A CN 109342994 B CN109342994 B CN 109342994B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
- G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The invention relates to an optical guiding system comprising: the turntable is used for adjusting the angle of the turntable according to the position of the target; the reference calibration mechanism is used for carrying out reference calibration on the initial state of the turntable; the photoelectric encoder is used for measuring the rotation angle of the turntable from an initial state and outputting the measured value to the terminal; according to the invention, the initial state of the turntable is calibrated and zeroed through the reference calibration mechanism, the observation target and the tracking target are searched and observed through adjusting the angle of the turntable according to the position of the target, the rotating angle of the turntable is measured through the photoelectric encoder, and the measured value is output to the terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical tracking, in particular to an optical guiding system.
Background
The optical guiding device belongs to an optical telescope system and is a semi-automatic auxiliary testing device commonly used for tracking and measuring radars. When the system works, a flying target is found and captured by utilizing the optical imaging of a human eye through the optical telescopic system, then the optical tracking mechanism is manually operated to track the target, the angle change values of the azimuth axis and the pitching axis are sent to the radar system through software, and finally, the servo and the antenna are controlled in real time to track and measure the target.
Conventional optical directory devices generally include optical systems, shaft angle conversion systems, mechanical shafting, and the like. The optical part is usually a military telescope, and the shaft angle conversion is usually realized by adopting a self-angle adjusting machine or a rotary transformer and a shaft angle conversion circuit. With the development of technology and equipment, some problems of the conventional optical guiding device in terms of structure, electrical, interface and the like are gradually exposed. The military telescope is generally heavier, up to 15kg, and the total weight of the military telescope is more than 30kg in combination with matched structural members such as a tripod and a counterweight disc, so that the military telescope is inconvenient in transportation, unfolding, withdrawing, maintenance and the like and has poor maintainability. The self-chamfering machine adopted by the mechanical shafting can communicate with the computer after passing through the SD conversion module, and besides adopting a special SD signal interface, the SD conversion module is also required to be designed at one end of the computer, and buses such as PCI and the like are adopted for communicating with the computer, so that the universality of the interface is poor and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art and provides an optical guiding system for solving at least one of the technical problems.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: an optical guidance system, comprising:
the turntable is used for adjusting the angle of the turntable according to the position of the target;
and the reference calibration mechanism is used for carrying out reference calibration on the initial state of the turntable.
And the photoelectric encoder is used for measuring the rotation angle of the turntable from the initial state and outputting the measured value to the terminal.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention uses a photoelectric encoder to realize shaft angle conversion.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the turntable comprises a base, an azimuth axis and a pitching axis, and the azimuth axis and the pitching axis are respectively connected to the base in a rotating way through photoelectric encoders.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the azimuth axis and the pitching axis are respectively connected to the base through photoelectric encoders in a rotating way, the angle value of rotation between the azimuth axis and the base and the measured value of rotation between the pitching axis and the base are respectively measured through the photoelectric encoders, and the two measured values are respectively output to the terminal through the photoelectric encoders.
Further, the base comprises a first plate and a second plate, the photoelectric encoder comprises an azimuth encoder and a pitching encoder, and the first plate is rotationally connected with the azimuth shaft through the azimuth encoder; the second plate is rotationally connected with the pitching shaft through a pitching encoder; the azimuth axis is perpendicular to the pitch axis.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the azimuth axis and the pitching axis are vertically arranged, so that the rotation of the turntable comprises azimuth rotation and pitching rotation, wherein the rotation adjustment of the pitching direction is realized through the rotation between the pitching axis and the base, pitch angle information is obtained through the pitching encoder, the azimuth adjustment is realized through the rotation between the base and the azimuth axis, azimuth angle information is obtained through the azimuth encoder, and the azimuth angle information and the pitch angle information are output to the terminal, so that the guiding auxiliary function of the invention is realized.
Further, the base is U-shaped and comprises a first plate which is horizontally arranged and two second plates which are vertically arranged, the azimuth shaft is rotationally connected to the center position of the first plate, and the axis of the azimuth shaft is vertical to the first plate; the pitching shaft is rotatably arranged on the two second plates, and the axis of the pitching shaft is parallel to the first plates.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the azimuth shaft is rotationally connected to the center of the first plate, so that the base can be more balanced, inclination is avoided, and measurement accuracy is improved; the two second plates are rotatably mounted through the pitching shaft, the axis of the pitching shaft is parallel to the first plate, accurate fine adjustment can be directly carried out when the angle of the turntable is adjusted, and the base is simple in structure, convenient to mount, dismount, maintain and replace, and the like, and convenient, simple and easy to operate, and the adjustment of the azimuth angle and the pitching angle is achieved.
Further, the reference calibration mechanism comprises an azimuth reference calibration mechanism and a pitching reference calibration mechanism, and the azimuth reference calibration mechanism is connected with the azimuth encoder and is used for carrying out initial calibration on the azimuth encoder; the pitching reference calibration mechanism is connected with the pitching encoder and is used for carrying out initial calibration on the pitching encoder.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the azimuth encoder is initially calibrated through the azimuth reference calibration mechanism, namely the azimuth axis is initially calibrated, the pitching encoder is initially calibrated through the pitching reference calibration mechanism, namely the pitching axis is initially calibrated, the initial calibration zeroing of the system is realized, and the precision and the accuracy are improved.
Further, the azimuth reference calibration mechanism is a compass, and the horizontal reference calibration mechanism is a level meter.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: and a compass and a level gauge are arranged on the turntable and are used for establishing azimuth and pitching references of the optical guiding system. For example, the radar system can calibrate the electric axis of the radar antenna and the optical axis of the optical guiding device in an optical calibration state, so as to realize the zero setting function of the optical guiding system.
Further, an electrical interface is arranged on the turntable, and the universal communication interfaces on the azimuth encoder and the pitching encoder are respectively connected with the electrical interface; the electric interface is connected with a power box through a cable, the power box provides common group voltage for the azimuth encoder and the pitching encoder, and the measured value obtained by the azimuth encoder and the pitching encoder is output.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the electric interface is used for providing working voltage for the azimuth encoder and the pitching encoder, outputting azimuth information and pitching information of the target measured through rotation of the turntable, outputting the azimuth information measured by the azimuth encoder and the pitching information measured by the pitching encoder through the electric interface, sending angle change values of the azimuth axis and the pitching axis to a terminal (a servo mechanism of optical guiding equipment such as an upper computer or a radar system) through software, and finally controlling the servo and the antenna in real time to track and measure the target.
Further, the turntable further comprises a mounting seat for mounting the optical part, and the mounting seat is fixed on the pitching shaft; the optical part is used for finding and tracking the target, and the optical part is adjusted to move according to the position of the target by adjusting the angle of the turntable.
The optical part can be a telescope specifically, the telescope can be detachably connected with the mounting seat, the telescope can be detachably mounted, the telescope can be replaced and detached, and the telescope is convenient to expand, withdraw, transport and the like; the telescope on the pitching shaft is driven to rotate around the axis of the pitching shaft by rotating the pitching shaft; when the base is rotated, the pitching shaft is driven to rotate around the axis of the azimuth shaft, and then the telescope is driven to rotate around the azimuth shaft; when a target is found and tracked, the azimuth and pitching posture of the telescope are adjusted through rotation of a pitching shaft and a base, so that the target is searched and tracked; the telescope is used for searching and observing the target, can adopt a portable general civil telescope, has low cost, small volume, light weight, convenient expansion, retraction, transportation and the like, and has good maintainability and economy.
Further, the device also comprises a bracket, wherein the azimuth shaft is fixed on the bracket through a screw; the height of the bracket can be adjusted; the turntable also comprises an operation handle which is arranged at two sides of the pitching shaft and used for adjusting the angle of the turntable.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the azimuth shaft is fixedly arranged on the bracket through the screw, a fixed foundation is provided for the whole turntable, and the azimuth shaft is fixed when the base and the pitching shaft are rotated, so that the measurement accuracy is ensured; the height of the bracket is adjusted so that a person can conveniently operate the turntable and adjust the level of the turntable; the pitching shaft is rotated through the operating handle, and meanwhile, the pitching shaft can be driven through the operating handle so as to drive the base to rotate around the azimuth shaft.
Further, the rotation range between the azimuth axis and the base is 0-360 degrees; the rotation range between the pitching axis and the base is-10 degrees to +87 degrees.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the azimuth rotation range between the azimuth axis and the base is 0-360 degrees, and when the azimuth axis is fixed, the base can rotate around the azimuth axis at 360 degrees at will, so that the target can be tracked in an omnibearing way; on the one hand, in the pitching direction, the range of pitch angle rotation between the pitching axis and the base is-10 degrees to +87 degrees, and the requirement on target tracking is met, so that the tracking of the flying target can be met by the invention, the tracking of all ultra-low flying targets can be met by the invention with the plane surface of-10 degrees, and the limit setting of +87 degrees above the plane surface is used for preventing the optical part from falling vertically.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an optical navigation device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a turntable in an optical navigation device according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1-optics part, 2-turntable, 21-base, 211-first plate, 212-second plate, 22-azimuth axis, 23-elevation axis, 24-reference calibration mechanism, 241-compass, 242-level, 25-electrical interface, 26-operating handle, 3-mount, 4-photoelectric encoder, 41-azimuth encoder, 42-elevation encoder, 5-power box, 6-bracket, 7-screw.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings,
an optical guidance system, comprising:
a turntable 2 for adjusting the angle of the turntable 2 itself according to the position of the target;
and a reference calibration mechanism 24 for performing reference calibration on the initial state of the turntable 2.
And a photoelectric encoder 4 for measuring an angle at which the turntable 2 starts to rotate from an initial state and outputting the measured value to the terminal.
The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: the initial state of the turntable 2 is calibrated and zeroed through the reference calibration mechanism 24, the observation target and the tracking target are searched and observed through adjusting the angle of the turntable 2 according to the position of the target, the rotating angle of the turntable is measured through the photoelectric encoder 4, and the measured value is output to the terminal.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-4, an optical guidance system, comprising:
a turntable 2 for adjusting the angle of the turntable 2 itself according to the position of the target;
and a reference calibration mechanism 24 for performing reference calibration on the initial state of the turntable 2.
And a photoelectric encoder 4 for measuring an angle at which the turntable 2 starts to rotate from an initial state and outputting the measured value to the terminal.
The initial state of the turntable 2 is calibrated and zeroed through the reference calibration mechanism 24, the observation target and the tracking target are searched and observed through adjusting the angle of the turntable 2 according to the position of the target, the rotating angle of the turntable 2 is measured through the photoelectric encoder 4, and the measured value is output to the terminal.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the turntable 2 includes a base 21, an azimuth axis 22, and a pitch axis 23, and the azimuth axis 22 and the pitch axis 23 are rotatably connected to the base 21 through the photoelectric encoder 4, respectively. The turntable 2 further comprises a mounting base 3 for mounting the optical portion 1, the mounting base 3 being fixed on the pitch axis 23; the optical section 1 is used for finding and tracking a target, and the optical section 1 is adjusted to move according to the position of the target by adjusting the angle of the turntable 2 itself.
Specifically, the optical portion 1 is a telescope.
The base 21 includes a first plate 211 and a second plate 212, the photoelectric encoder 4 includes an azimuth encoder 41 and a pitch encoder 42, and the first plate 211 is rotatably connected to the azimuth shaft 22 through the azimuth encoder 41; the second plate 212 is rotatably connected with the pitch shaft 23 through the pitch encoder 42; the azimuth axis 22 is arranged perpendicular to the pitch axis 23.
Preferably, the base is U-shaped and comprises a first plate 211 arranged horizontally and two second plates 212 arranged vertically, the azimuth shaft 22 is rotatably connected to the center of the first plate 211, and the axis of the azimuth shaft 22 is perpendicular to the first plate 211; the pitch shaft 23 is rotatably mounted on two second plates 212, and the axis of the pitch shaft 23 is parallel to the first plates 211.
Specifically, the rotor of the azimuth encoder 41 is fixed to the azimuth shaft 22, and the stator of the azimuth encoder 41 is fixed to the base 21; the azimuth encoder 41 is used to measure the angle of rotation of the base 21 relative to the azimuth axis 22;
the rotor of the pitching encoder 42 is fixed on the pitching axis 23, the stator of the pitching encoder 42 is fixed on the base 21, and the pitching encoder 42 is used for measuring the rotation angle of the pitching axis 23 relative to the base 21;
preferably, the universal communication interface is an RS485 communication interface, the azimuth encoder 41 and the pitching encoder 42 both select a single-circle absolute photoelectric encoder 4, the conversion from angle information to digital quantity is directly realized, the precision is 14 bits, the RS485 communication interface, the baud rate 38400, the data update rate 500Hz, and the output format is Gray code. The joint of the azimuth axis 22 and the base 21 and the joint of the pitch axis 23 and the base 21 of the optical guiding system are respectively provided with an encoder, each encoder is provided with an RS485 interface, and absolute position information of the encoders is directly output through the RS485 interface and is interconnected with the RS485 interface of the computer. The RS485 interface supports equipment cascading, equipment addresses are used for identification, twisted pair shielding wires are used for transmission, and the transmission distance can reach 1km.
The azimuth axis 22 and the azimuth encoder 41 constitute an azimuth measuring mechanism, a rotor of the azimuth encoder 41 is fixed on the azimuth axis 22, and a stator is fixed on the base for measuring the angle of rotation of the base 21 relative to the azimuth axis 22; the pitching shaft 23 and the pitching encoder 42 form a pitching measuring mechanism, a rotor of the pitching encoder 42 is fixed on the pitching shaft 23, and a stator is fixed on the base for measuring the rotation angle of the pitching shaft 23 relative to the base 21; the azimuth encoder 41 and the pitch encoder 42 directly realize conversion of angle information into digital quantities; the azimuth encoder 41 and the elevation encoder 42 each have a common communication interface, and absolute position information thereof is directly output through the common communication interface.
The telescope 1 can be detachably installed, so that the telescope 1 can be replaced and disassembled, and the telescope is convenient to expand, retract, transport and the like; the telescope 1 on the pitching shaft 23 is driven to rotate around the axis of the pitching shaft 23 by rotating the pitching shaft 23; since the pitch axis 23 and the azimuth axis 22 are arranged perpendicular to each other, the azimuth plane in which the base 21 rotates is perpendicular to the pitch plane in which the optical portion 1 rotates in pitch; when the base 21 is rotated, the pitching axis 23 is driven to rotate around the axis of the azimuth axis 22, and then the telescope 1 is driven to rotate around the azimuth axis 22, and when a target is found and tracked, the posture adjustment of azimuth and pitching of the telescope 1 is realized through the rotation of the pitching axis 23 and the base 21, and then the searching and tracking of the target are realized.
The azimuth axis 22 and the elevation axis 23 are respectively connected to the base by the photoelectric encoder 4 in a rotating manner, the angle value of rotation between the azimuth axis 22 and the base 21 and the measurement value of rotation between the elevation axis 23 and the base 21 are respectively measured by the photoelectric encoder 4, and the two measurement values are respectively output to the terminal by the photoelectric encoder 4.
The azimuth axis 22 and the pitch axis 23 are vertically arranged so that the rotation of the turntable 2 itself includes azimuth rotation and pitch rotation, wherein rotation adjustment of the pitch direction is achieved by rotation between the pitch axis 23 to the base 21, pitch angle information is obtained by the pitch encoder 42, azimuth adjustment is achieved by rotation between the base 21 and the azimuth axis 22, azimuth angle information is obtained by the azimuth encoder 41, and azimuth angle and pitch angle information is output to the terminal, thereby realizing the guiding assistance function of the present invention.
The azimuth shaft 22 is rotatably connected to the center of the first plate, so that the base 21 can be more balanced, inclination is avoided, and measurement accuracy is improved; the two second plates 212 are rotatably mounted through the pitching shaft 23, and the axis of the pitching shaft 23 is parallel to the first plates 211, so that accurate fine adjustment can be directly performed when the angle of the turntable 2 is adjusted, the small angle can not be rotated in the adjustment process due to the position deviation, but the larger angle rotation occurs when the angle is transmitted to the telescope, the base 21 is simple in structure, convenient to mount, dismount, maintain and replace, and the like, and the adjustment of the azimuth angle and the pitching angle is convenient, simple and easy to operate.
As shown in fig. 1-4, an optical guidance system, the reference calibration mechanism 24 includes an azimuth reference calibration mechanism and a pitch reference calibration mechanism, the azimuth reference calibration mechanism being connected to the azimuth encoder 41 for initial calibration of the azimuth encoder 41; a pitch reference calibration mechanism is coupled to pitch encoder 42 for initially calibrating pitch encoder 42.
The azimuth encoder 41 is initially calibrated by the azimuth reference calibration mechanism, namely the azimuth axis 22 is initially calibrated, the pitch encoder 42 is initially calibrated by the pitch reference calibration mechanism, namely the pitch axis 23 is initially calibrated, the initial calibration zeroing of the system is realized, and the precision and the accuracy are improved.
Specifically, the azimuth reference calibration mechanism and the pitch reference calibration mechanism are both mounted on the first plate 211 which is horizontally arranged, specifically, the azimuth reference calibration mechanism is a compass 241, and the horizontal reference calibration mechanism is a level 242.
A compass 241 and a level 242 are provided on the first plate 211 for establishing the azimuth and elevation references of the optical guide system itself. For example, the radar system can calibrate the electric axis of the radar antenna and the optical axis of the optical guiding device in an optical calibration state, so as to realize the zero setting function of the optical guiding system.
As shown in fig. 1-4, an optical guiding system is provided with an electrical interface 25, specifically, an electrical interface 25 is provided on a second plate 212 of the base 21, and universal communication interfaces on the azimuth encoder 41 and the pitch encoder 42 are respectively connected with the electrical interface 25; the electrical interface 25 is connected to a power supply box 5 through a cable, and the power supply box 5 supplies a common set of voltages to the azimuth encoder 41 and the elevation encoder 42 and outputs measured values obtained by the azimuth encoder 41 and the elevation encoder 42.
In this embodiment, the power supply box is integrated with computer software, or the electrical interface of the power supply box is directly connected with the computer interface, the electrical interface 25 is used for providing working voltages for the azimuth encoder 41 and the elevation encoder 42, and outputting azimuth and elevation information of the target measured by rotation of the turntable 2, the azimuth information measured by the azimuth encoder 41 and the elevation information measured by the elevation encoder 42 are output to the power supply box through the electrical interface 25, then angle variation values of the azimuth and elevation axes are sent to a terminal (a servo mechanism of an optical guiding device such as an upper computer or a radar system) through the computer software, and finally the servo and the antenna are controlled in real time, so that tracking and measurement are performed on the target.
As shown in fig. 1-4, an optical guiding system further comprises a bracket 6, and an azimuth axis 22 is fixed on the bracket 6 by a screw 7; the height of the bracket 6 is adjustable; and further comprises an operating handle 26, wherein the operating handle 26 is arranged at two sides of the pitching shaft 23 and is used for adjusting the angle of the turntable 2.
Preferably, the damping devices can be respectively arranged on the azimuth shaft 22 and the elevation shaft 23, so that the operation of the operation handle 26 is ensured to be more convenient, and how to arrange the damping devices to ensure the operation of rotating the elevation shaft 23 and the base 21 is a conventional means for those skilled in the art, which will not be described in detail herein, the damping devices can select the existing selective dampers, and the elevation shaft 23 can be rotated by the operation handle 26, and meanwhile, the elevation shaft 23 can be driven by the operation handle 26 to further drive the base 21 to rotate around the azimuth shaft 22.
The azimuth shaft 22 is fixedly arranged on the bracket through the screw 7, a fixed foundation is provided for the whole turntable 2, and the azimuth shaft 22 is fixed when the base 21 and the pitching shaft 23 are rotated, so that the accuracy of measurement is ensured; the height of the support 6 is adjusted to facilitate a person to operate the turntable 2 and adjust the level of the turntable 2; the pitching shaft 23 is rotated by operating the handle 26, and the pitching shaft 23 and thus the base 21 are rotated around the azimuth shaft 22 by operating the handle 26.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an optical guiding system has a rotation range between the azimuth axis 22 and the base 21 of 0 ° to 360 °; the rotation range between the pitch axis 23 and the base 21 is-10 ° to +87° with respect to the horizontal plane.
Specifically, a limiting device can be arranged on the pitching shaft 23 and the base 21, the limiting device can be a limiting protrusion and is arranged at a limited angle position, so that a conventional technical means is adopted for a person skilled in the art how to arrange the limiting protrusion to limit the rotation range, the limiting device is not described in detail herein, the limiting device does not limit one of the limiting protrusions, any limitation for limiting the rotation angle range of the pitching shaft 23 and the base 21 is applicable to the invention, the azimuth rotation range between the azimuth shaft 22 and the base 21 is 0-360 degrees, when the azimuth shaft is fixed on the bracket, the azimuth shaft is vertically arranged, the base can randomly rotate around the azimuth shaft by 360 degrees, and the target can be tracked in all directions; the pitch angle rotation range between the pitch axis 23 and the base 21 is-10 degrees to +87 degrees, the head-up direction of the telescope is parallel to the first plate and is used as a pitch angle reference 0 degrees, on one hand, in the pitch direction, the range meets the requirement on target tracking, the invention tracks the flying target, the tracking of all ultra-low flying targets can be met by-10 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the limit setting of +87 degrees above the horizontal plane is used for preventing the optical part 1 from falling vertically.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the telescope is a common commercial 9×33 binoculars, and is mounted on the turntable 2 through the telescope mount 3, and the angle of view is: 7 DEG x 7 DEG, action distance: 0-20 km (when the visibility is more than or equal to 20km, a middle type airplane) is provided with a level meter 242 and a compass 241, and the level meter 242 and the compass 241 are used for establishing azimuth and pitching references of the optical guiding system; the telescope is used for searching and observing the target, can adopt a portable general civil telescope, has low cost, small volume, light weight, convenient expansion, retraction, transportation and the like, and has good maintainability and economy.
The invention mainly achieves the following performance indexes:
the beneficial effects of this embodiment are: the invention adopts commercial binoculars, designs a turntable 2 and an axial angle conversion system based on a single-circle absolute photoelectric encoder 4, and realizes the function of optical guiding equipment. The invention has complete functions, the performance index reaches the design requirement, and the use requirement of a radar system can be met. In addition, the invention adopts a general product, realizes a general interface and a data format, has small volume and light weight, is convenient to expand, withdraw, transport and the like, and has good maintainability. The system has low cost, good economy and certain practical value.
The working procedure of this embodiment is: establishing azimuth and pitching references of the system through a compass 241 and a level 242 of the system, and calibrating an azimuth axis 22 and a pitching axis 23 of the guiding device; secondly, respectively obtaining an azimuth angle and a pitch angle of an observation target through azimuth and pitch encoders; and finally, transmitting the azimuth angle and the pitch angle to an upper computer (or a radar) through a 485 bus, and further obtaining azimuth and pitch information of a target or guiding the movement of the radar.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "embodiment one", "embodiment two", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc., means that a specific method, apparatus, or feature described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, methods, apparatus, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. An optical guidance system for tracking a measurement radar, comprising:
the turntable (2) is used for adjusting the angle of the turntable (2) according to the position of the target;
a reference calibration mechanism (24) for performing reference calibration on an initial state of the turntable (2);
a photoelectric encoder (4) for measuring an angle at which the turntable (2) starts to rotate from an initial state and outputting the measured value to a terminal;
the turntable (2) comprises a base (21), an azimuth axis (22) and a pitching axis (23), wherein the azimuth axis (22) and the pitching axis (23) are respectively connected to the base (21) through the photoelectric encoder (4) in a rotating way;
the base (21) comprises a first plate (211) and a second plate (212), the photoelectric encoder (4) comprises an azimuth encoder (41) and a pitch encoder (42), and the first plate (211) is rotationally connected with the azimuth shaft (22) through the azimuth encoder (41); the second plate (212) is rotatably connected with the pitching shaft (23) through the pitching encoder (42); the azimuth axis (22) is perpendicular to the pitching axis (23);
the base (21) is U-shaped and comprises a first plate (211) which is horizontally arranged and two second plates (212) which are vertically arranged, the azimuth shaft (22) is rotationally connected to the center of the first plate (211), and the axis of the azimuth shaft (22) is vertical to the first plate (211); the pitching shafts (23) are rotatably arranged on the two second plates (212), and the axes of the pitching shafts (23) are parallel to the first plates (211);
the reference calibration mechanism (24) comprises an azimuth reference calibration mechanism and a pitching reference calibration mechanism, and the azimuth reference calibration mechanism is connected with the azimuth encoder (41) and is used for carrying out initial calibration on the azimuth encoder (41); the pitching reference calibration mechanism is connected with the pitching encoder (42) and is used for carrying out initial calibration on the pitching encoder (42);
the azimuth reference calibration mechanism is a compass (241), and the elevation reference calibration mechanism is a level meter (242).
2. An optical guidance system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said turntable is further provided with an electrical interface (25), said universal communication interfaces on said azimuth encoder (41) and said pitch encoder (42) being connected to said electrical interface (25), respectively; the electric interface (25) is connected with a power box (5) through a cable, the power box (5) provides a common group voltage for the azimuth encoder (41) and the pitching encoder (42), and the measured values obtained by the azimuth encoder (41) and the pitching encoder (42) are output to a terminal.
3. An optical guidance system according to claim 1, characterized in that the turntable (2) further comprises a mount (3) for mounting an optical part (1), the mount (3) being fixed on the pitch axis (23); the optical part (1) is used for finding and tracking a target.
4. An optical guidance system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a bracket (6), said azimuth axis (22) being fixed to said bracket (6) by means of screws (7); the height of the bracket (6) is adjustable;
the turntable also comprises an operating handle (26), wherein the operating handle (26) is arranged on two sides of the pitching shaft (23) and is used for adjusting the angle of the turntable (2) itself.
5. An optical guiding system according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation range of the azimuth axis (22) and the base (21) is 0 ° -360 °; the rotation range of the pitching shaft (23) and the base (21) is-10 degrees to +87 degrees.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811520456.5A CN109342994B (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2018-12-12 | Optical guiding system |
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| CN201811520456.5A CN109342994B (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2018-12-12 | Optical guiding system |
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| CN109342994A CN109342994A (en) | 2019-02-15 |
| CN109342994B true CN109342994B (en) | 2023-05-26 |
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