CN109342460A - A kind of wireless and passive pyrostat and preparation method thereof for Crack Monitoring - Google Patents
A kind of wireless and passive pyrostat and preparation method thereof for Crack Monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to sensor technical fields, propose a kind of Crack Detection and wireless sourceless sensor of monitoring and preparation method thereof, the sensor includes earth plate, dielectric layer and radiation patch, the earth plate and radiation patch are made of conductive metal, the material of the dielectric layer is low-temperature co-fired ceramics, the dielectric layer is located above the earth plate, and the radiation patch is rectangle and is located above the dielectric layer, and forms resonant cavity between the earth plate.The present invention can detect crack presence and the width of energy fracture carries out quantization signifying, can be applied to high temperature, high pressure, height and rotate, under the adverse circumstances of high load, such as airspace engine turbine blade field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensor technical fields, and in particular to a kind of wireless and passive pyrostat for Crack Monitoring
And preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Structure degradation is the main foundation facility problems in many areas in the world, especially in machine-building, metallurgy, wind-force hair
The engineering fields such as electricity, aerospace, railway transportation are particularly acute, and in these fields, metal component will receive different degrees of damage
Wound, and the damage of these metal structures may life to people and property cause serious loss, the damage of these metal structures
Hurt the generation for being largely due to crack and extension causes, therefore the detection in metal structure crack is particularly important.Closely
A little years, some domestic and foreign scholars proposed many methods about Crack Detection, and common detection method can be divided into following three
Class: based on vibration, technology of the sum based on strain based on ultrasound.For the technology based on vibration, by monitoring cracking initiation
Crack Detection is completed in variation with the vibration parameters of growth effect structure.In most cases, crack is to vibration parameters
Usual very little is influenced, therefore, is only able to detect big crack, moreover, being difficult to supervise according to the extension in the variation crack of vibration parameters
It surveys.Phase between the ultrasonic wave and crack of elastic wave or propagation that Crack Detection measurement based on ultrasound is generated by crack propagation
Interaction.Ultrasonic wave can be propagated in the structure of a long range, therefore seldom sensor is only needed to carry out monitor large-area
The presence in crack.But a reference signal is usually required using ultrasound examination crackle, and many professional knowledges is needed
Analyze ultrasonic signal.Crack Detection technology based on strain is by using near distributed strain sensor measurement crack
Strain variation detects crack.As long as strain transducer is placed near crack, these technologies are very sensitive, only Finite Number
The sensor of amount is just able to achieve this technology, especially in the case where crack position is unknown.In the above detection method
Most of is the presence for detecting crack, can not fracture the detection that is quantified of width, and the width in crack be component by
The important indicator of scale evaluation is damaged, the most important is limitation of above some measurement methods by application range.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, technical problem to be solved are as follows: provides a kind of for crack prison
The wireless and passive pyrostat of survey, which can detect crack presence and the width of energy fracture carries out quantization table
Sign.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: wireless nothing for Crack Monitoring
Source pyrostat, including earth plate, dielectric layer and radiation patch, the earth plate and radiation patch are made of conductive metal,
The material of the dielectric layer is low-temperature co-fired ceramics, and the dielectric layer is located above the earth plate, and the radiation patch is square
Shape and it is located above the dielectric layer, and forms resonant cavity between the earth plate.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned wireless and passive pyrostat for Crack Monitoring, packets
Include following steps:
S1, the frequency according to sensor, determine the dimensional parameters of sensor；
The preparation of S2, aluminium oxide ceramic chips: alumina powder, water, dispersing agent are mixed in the ratio of 3:2:1 and carry out one
Secondary ball milling, time are 24 hours, and styrene-acrylic emulsion 2ml is added as binder, 1.5ml glycerol is added as plasticiser, makes them
Carry out second of ball milling mixing after mixing, then be added defrother carry out froth in vacuum, adjust suitable edge height and
Curtain coating speed forms on casting machine, is then dried to blank and demoulding processing obtains aluminium oxide ceramic chips；
S3, slice: by the aluminium oxide ceramic chips made by cutting is sized, it is cut into an equal amount of green of multi-disc
Band；
S4, silk-screen printing: two web plates are made according to the size of earth plate and radiation patch, are existed using the web plate made
Spin coating goes out earth plate and radiation patch respectively on the green band of well cutting；
S5, lamination and lamination: radiation patch is placed on top layer, earth plate is placed on the bottom, intermediate no metal figure
The green band of case is overlapped, and substrate is obtained after the completion of superposition；Then substrate is wrapped up using coating, laminating machine is set
Temperature is 70 DEG C, and static pressure size is 21MPa, and the substrate after package is placed in laminating machine to the equal static pressure lamination for carrying out 20min；
S6, sintering: the sensor structure after lamination is placed in progress heat flow transducer knot in the high temperature furnace of hydrogen shield
The high temperature co-firing of structure finally completed the preparation of sensor.
In the step S1, determine the dimensional parameters of sensor the following steps are included:
S201, the dimensional parameters for primarily determining sensor；The dimensional parameters of the sensor include the width w of radiation patch
With the length L of radiation patch；The width W and length L of radiation patch should meet respectively:
Wherein, εrIndicate the dielectric constant of dielectric layer；C indicates that the light velocity, f indicate the working frequency of sensor, εeIndicate effective
Dielectric constant, Δ L indicate equivalent radiated power gap length；
S202, the obtained dimensional parameters of step S201 are optimized by electromagnetic simulation software HFSS, finally determines and passes
The size of sensor.
The effective dielectric constant εeIt is respectively as follows: with the calculating formula of equivalent radiated power gap length Δ L
Wherein, h indicates the height of dielectric layer.
In the step S1, when the resonance frequency of sensor is 2.1GHz, the dimensional parameters of sensor are as follows: dielectric layer is high
For 1mm, a length of 30.21mm of radiation patch, radiation patch width is 22.78mm, and the dielectric constant of dielectric layer is 9.8.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention proposes a kind of wireless sourceless sensor and
Preparation method, which can detect crack presence and the width of energy fracture carries out quantization signifying, can be with wireless
Mode is inquired, and is not needed local power supply and be powered, and the feature of this sensor maximum is to be widely used, and can be applied
To high temperature, high pressure, high rotation, high load adverse circumstances under, such as airspace engine turbo blade, while sensor has Gao Ling
Quick, low profile, light-weight, manufacturing cost is low, can effectively detect the advantages that crack quickly, in real time.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the wireless and passive pyrostat for Crack Monitoring proposed by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of wireless and passive pyrostat for Crack Monitoring proposed by the present invention under different fracture widths
S (1,1) curve；In figure with spike be reference, the fracture width being from left to right corresponding in turn to be 3.5mm, 3mm, 2.5mm,
2mm, 1.5mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.
Fig. 3 is the resonance frequency of wireless sourceless sensor proposed by the present invention and the linear fit schematic diagram of fracture width.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, without
It is whole embodiments；Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not before making creative work
Every other embodiment obtained is put, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, proposed by the present invention a kind of for detecting and monitoring the wireless sourceless sensor in crack, including ground connection
Plate 1, dielectric layer 2 and radiation patch 3, the earth plate 1 and radiation patch 3 are made of conductive metal, the material of the dielectric layer 2
For low-temperature co-fired ceramics, the dielectric layer 2 is located at 1 top of earth plate, and the radiation patch 3 is for rectangle and positioned at giving an account of
2 top of matter layer, and resonant cavity is formed between the earth plate 1.Resonant cavity resonance frequency and is returned there are two important parameter
Wave loss.Since the radiation patch of sensor is rectangle, resonant cavity can be with a kind of basic radiation mode radiation, field parallel
The resonance frequency of the geometrical length of patch, this mode is indicated with f.Since the antenna linked with network analysis can be to sensor spoke
Radio magnetic wave, electromagnetic wave can form resonance in sensor internal, therefore the radiation patch of sensor and earth plate have electric current.It is logical
Often big size leads to lesser resonance frequency, and resonance frequency additionally depends on the characteristic of earth plate, such as when wide along earth plate
It spends direction and increases the path of electric current along its length there are electric current along its length, the appearance in crack when crackle, can be disturbed,
Length equivalent to increase patch.Since the resonance frequency of resonance frequency and the length direction of patch is inversely proportional, so resonance
Frequency can reduce with the increase resonance frequency of fracture width.It therefore, can be with counterincision by the resonance frequency of measurement sensor
Slit width degree is detected and is monitored.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of for detecting and monitoring the preparation method of the wireless sourceless sensor in crack,
The following steps are included:
S1, the frequency according to sensor, determine the dimensional parameters of sensor.
The frequency of sensor is determined first, then according to the frequency of sensor, the dimensional parameters of sensor is carried out preliminary
It determines.Wherein, the width of radiation patch is that W should meet following formula:
In formula, c is the light velocity, εrIndicate the dielectric constant of dielectric layer, the working frequency of f sensor.
The length L of radiation patch is generally taken as λe/ 2, λ hereeRefer to the guide wavelength in medium, expression formula are as follows:
After shortening effect in view of edge, the length L of actual radiation patch should meet following formula:
In formula (3), εeIt is effective dielectric constant, Δ L is equivalent radiated power gap length.They can be respectively with following formula meter
It calculates:
In formula (4), h indicates that dielectric layer is high, and W indicates the width of radiation patch, since media size is hardly to sensor
Parameter impact, generally the length of medium and width are determined are as follows: L1=L+L/10, W1=W+W/10, due to the high h of dielectric layer
It is smaller on sensor influence, it can be according to the actual situation generally 0.8mm~3mm by its value.
By formula (1) and formula (3), and the dielectric constant of medium selected, the size of sensor can be gone out with preresearch estimates
Parameter can be by Frequency Simulation Software HFSS (High Frequency in order to keep the performance parameter of sensor more excellent
Structure Simulator) sensor structure parameter is optimized, with sensor frequency f0For=2.1GHz,
Finally determine that the parameter of sensor and basic size are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
The preparation of S2, aluminium oxide ceramic chips.
In order to allow sensor to work under high temperature, high pressure, high oxidation environment, dupomt company 951PT can be selected
Type low-temperature co-fired ceramics Green Tape), LTCC material is a kind of excellent ceramic material, mainly by ceramic particle, glass at
Point and organic matter etc. at being grouped as, there are the characteristics such as good integration, high temperature resistant, anticorrosive.In addition it is also possible to by alumina powder
End, water, dispersing agent are mixed in the ratio of 3:2:1 and are carried out a ball milling, and the time is 24 hours, and styrene-acrylic emulsion 2ml conduct is added
Binder is added 1.5ml glycerol as plasticiser, them is made to carry out second of ball milling mixing after mixing, is then added and removes
Infusion carries out froth in vacuum, adjusts suitable edge height and curtain coating speed forms on casting machine, then do to blank
The processing of dry and demoulding obtains aluminium oxide ceramic chips.
S3, slice.
The aluminium oxide ceramic chips made are cut by the size of determining dielectric layer, are cut into 15 equally
The green band of size.
S4, silk-screen printing.
Two web plates are made according to the size of earth plate 1 and radiation patch 3, using the web plate made respectively in well cutting
Two green bands on spin coating go out earth plate 1 and radiation patch 3.
S5, lamination and lamination.
Radiation patch is placed on top layer, earth plate is placed on the bottom, and the green band of intermediate not metal pattern carries out
Superposition obtains substrate after the completion of superposition.
Then substrate is wrapped up using coating, the temperature that laminating machine is arranged is 70 DEG C, and static pressure size is 21MPa, will
Substrate after package, which is placed in laminating machine, to carry out the equal static pressure of 20min and is laminated.
S6, sintering.
Sensor structure after lamination is placed in the high temperature furnace of hydrogen shield to the high temperature for carrying out heat flow transducer structure
Cofiring, temperature rise to 300 DEG C from room temperature, the time 3 hours, finally completed the preparation of sensor.
After the completion of sensor preparation, loads it on the crack of different in width, test its radiation parameter, i.e. echo information
The curve of S (1,1), obtained result are as shown in Figure 2.By resonance frequency to different fracture width lower sensors with it is corresponding
Linear fit is carried out between fracture width, obtained result is as shown in figure 3, from figure 3, it can be seen that sensing prepared by the present invention
The linearity of device be it is ideal, the sensitivity of sensor is 0.68MHz/mm, and the minimum fracture width that can be measured is
0.5mm, the fracture width that maximum can be surveyed are 3.5mm.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of wireless and passive pyrostat for Crack Monitoring, which is characterized in that including earth plate (1), dielectric layer (2)
With radiation patch (3), the earth plate (1) and radiation patch (3) are made of conductive metal, and the material of the dielectric layer (2) is
Low-temperature co-fired ceramics, the dielectric layer (2) are located above the earth plate (1), and the radiation patch (3) is rectangle and is located at institute
It states above dielectric layer (2), and forms resonant cavity between the earth plate (1).
2. a kind of preparation method of wireless and passive pyrostat for Crack Monitoring according to claim 1, special
Sign is, comprising the following steps:
S1, the frequency according to sensor, determine the dimensional parameters of sensor；
The preparation of S2, aluminium oxide ceramic chips: alumina powder, water, dispersing agent are mixed in the ratio of 3:2:1 and carry out a ball
Mill, time are 24 hours, and styrene-acrylic emulsion 2ml is added as binder, 1.5ml glycerol is added as plasticiser, mixes them
Second of ball milling mixing is carried out after uniformly, and defrother is then added and carries out froth in vacuum, adjusts suitable edge height and curtain coating
Speed forms on casting machine, is then dried to blank and demoulding processing obtains aluminium oxide ceramic chips；
S3, slice: by the aluminium oxide ceramic chips made by cutting is sized, it is cut into an equal amount of green band of multi-disc；
S4, silk-screen printing: two web plates are made according to the size of earth plate (1) and radiation patch (3), utilize the web plate made
Spin coating goes out earth plate (1) and radiation patch (3) respectively on the green band of well cutting；
S5, lamination and lamination: radiation patch is placed on top layer, earth plate is placed on the bottom, centre not metal pattern
Green band is overlapped, and substrate is obtained after the completion of superposition；Then substrate is wrapped up using coating, the temperature of laminating machine is set
It is 70 DEG C, static pressure size is 21MPa, and the substrate after package is placed in laminating machine to the equal static pressure lamination for carrying out 20min；
S6, sintering: the sensor structure after lamination is placed in the high temperature furnace of hydrogen shield and carries out heat flow transducer structure
High temperature co-firing finally completed the preparation of sensor.
3. a kind of preparation method of wireless and passive pyrostat for Crack Monitoring according to claim 2, special
Sign is, in the step S1, determine the dimensional parameters of sensor the following steps are included:
S201, the dimensional parameters for primarily determining sensor；The dimensional parameters of the sensor include the width w and spoke of radiation patch
Penetrate the length L of patch；The width W and length L of radiation patch should meet respectively:
Wherein, εrIndicate the dielectric constant of dielectric layer；C indicates that the light velocity, f indicate the working frequency of sensor, εeIndicate effective dielectric
Constant, Δ L indicate equivalent radiated power gap length；
S202, the obtained dimensional parameters of step S201 are optimized by electromagnetic simulation software HFSS, finally determines sensor
Size.
4. a kind of preparation method of wireless and passive pyrostat for Crack Monitoring according to claim 3, special
Sign is, the effective dielectric constant εeIt is respectively as follows: with the calculating formula of equivalent radiated power gap length Δ L
Wherein, h indicates the height of dielectric layer.
5. a kind of preparation method of wireless and passive pyrostat for Crack Monitoring according to claim 2, special
Sign is, in the step S1, when the resonance frequency of sensor is 2.1GHz, and the dimensional parameters of sensor are as follows: dielectric layer is high
For 1mm, a length of 30.21mm of radiation patch, radiation patch width is 22.78mm, and the dielectric constant of dielectric layer is 9.8.
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| CN112254760A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Strain crack decoupling measurement sensor based on multilayer microstrip antenna |
| CN112736429A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 广东工业大学 | High-sensitivity sensing antenna based on medium loading and design method |
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