CN109333114B - A jig for machining inclined holes - Google Patents
A jig for machining inclined holes Download PDFInfo
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- CN109333114B CN109333114B CN201811489878.0A CN201811489878A CN109333114B CN 109333114 B CN109333114 B CN 109333114B CN 201811489878 A CN201811489878 A CN 201811489878A CN 109333114 B CN109333114 B CN 109333114B
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/061—Work-clamping means adapted for holding a plurality of workpieces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/04—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part adjustable in inclination
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种治具,尤其涉及一种斜孔加工用治具。The invention relates to a jig, in particular to a jig for processing inclined holes.
背景技术Background technique
在工件加工过程中,工件上常规的孔可采用CNC加工中心进行加工。如图1所示,图中提供了一种带有斜孔的工件,工件的顶部呈锥形结构,工件的底部设置有内孔1,工件的顶部开设有热流道专用的斜孔2,斜孔2在工件上间隔180°对称设有两处,且两斜孔2均与内孔1连通;同时,工件的外侧壁上还凸起成型有肩台3,该肩台3靠近工件的底部。During the machining process of the workpiece, the conventional holes on the workpiece can be processed by the CNC machining center. As shown in Figure 1, a workpiece with inclined holes is provided in the figure. The top of the workpiece has a conical structure, the bottom of the workpiece is provided with an inner hole 1, and the top of the workpiece is provided with a special inclined hole 2 for the hot runner. The hole 2 is symmetrically provided with two places on the workpiece at an interval of 180°, and the two inclined holes 2 are both communicated with the inner hole 1; at the same time, a shoulder 3 is also formed on the outer side wall of the workpiece, and the shoulder 3 is close to the bottom of the workpiece. .
在实际加工过程中,工件底部的内孔1借助普通三轴加工中心即可加工完成;但针对工件顶部的两处斜孔2,普通三轴加工中心却难以实现精确加工;并且,在加工过程中,工作人员往往需要对工件进行两次拆装,才能在工件上同时加工出两处斜孔2。由此可见,采用常规技术手段,不仅工件上斜孔2的加工质量难以保证,而且加工效率也相对较低,亟待改进。In the actual machining process, the inner hole 1 at the bottom of the workpiece can be processed with the help of an ordinary three-axis machining center; however, for the two inclined holes 2 at the top of the workpiece, it is difficult for an ordinary three-axis machining center to achieve accurate machining; and, during the machining process In the process, the staff often needs to disassemble and assemble the workpiece twice in order to machine two inclined holes 2 on the workpiece at the same time. It can be seen that, using conventional technical means, not only is it difficult to guarantee the machining quality of the inclined hole 2 on the workpiece, but also the machining efficiency is relatively low, which needs to be improved urgently.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对上述技术问题,本发明的目的是提供一种斜孔加工用治具,利用可调底座及设置于可调底座上的治具主体,保证斜孔加工质量,并提高斜孔加工效率。In view of the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a jig for processing inclined holes, which utilizes an adjustable base and a main body of the jig arranged on the adjustable base to ensure the processing quality of inclined holes and improve the processing efficiency of inclined holes.
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种斜孔加工用治具,包括可调底座及活动设置于可调底座上表面的治具主体;所述可调底座上表面呈倾斜设置,且所述可调底座上还包括用于可拆卸固定治具主体的固定件;当所述固定件固定住工件时,工件上的至少有一待加工斜孔的设计中心线呈竖直状态。A jig for processing an inclined hole, comprising an adjustable base and a jig main body movably arranged on the upper surface of the adjustable base; the upper surface of the adjustable base is inclined and arranged, and the adjustable base further includes a jig for adjustable base. The fixing piece for fixing the main body of the jig is removed; when the fixing piece fixes the workpiece, the design center line of at least one inclined hole to be machined on the workpiece is in a vertical state.
通过采用上述技术方案,实际工作中,工件固定在治具主体上;当治具主体被放上可调底座后,固定件可有效固定住治具主体,从而间接保证工件在加工过程中的稳定性。此时,工件上至少有一待加工斜孔的设计中心线呈竖直状态,也即意味着普通三轴加工中心即可沿该斜孔的设计中心线在工件上加工成型出该斜孔。当其中一斜孔加工完成后,固定件松开治具主体,工作人员可将治具主体在可调底座上直接旋转180度,使得工件上另一待加工斜孔的设计中心线变为竖直状态,满足普通三轴加工中心进行精确孔加工的条件。通过这种方式,省去了工作人员反复拆装工件的操作,并降低斜孔加工的难度,从而不仅大大提高工件上斜孔加工质量,而且还极大提高工件上斜孔加工效率。By adopting the above technical solutions, in actual work, the workpiece is fixed on the main body of the fixture; when the main body of the fixture is placed on the adjustable base, the fixture can effectively fix the main body of the fixture, thereby indirectly ensuring the stability of the workpiece during processing sex. At this time, the design center line of at least one inclined hole to be machined on the workpiece is vertical, which means that the inclined hole can be formed on the workpiece along the design center line of the inclined hole by a common three-axis machining center. When the machining of one of the inclined holes is completed, the fixing part releases the main body of the fixture, and the staff can directly rotate the main body of the fixture on the adjustable base by 180 degrees, so that the design center line of the other inclined hole to be machined on the workpiece becomes vertical. Straight state, to meet the conditions of ordinary three-axis machining center for accurate hole machining. In this way, the operation of repeatedly disassembling and assembling the workpiece is saved, and the difficulty of machining the inclined hole is reduced, thereby not only greatly improving the machining quality of the inclined hole on the workpiece, but also greatly improving the machining efficiency of the inclined hole in the workpiece.
本发明进一步设置为:所述可调底座包括呈水平设置的基座;所述固定件为用于承接治具主体的永磁吸盘,所述永磁吸盘倾斜设置于基座上。The present invention is further provided that: the adjustable base includes a base that is arranged horizontally; the fixing member is a permanent magnet suction cup for receiving the main body of the fixture, and the permanent magnetic suction cup is obliquely arranged on the base.
通过采用上述技术方案,当治具主体被放置在可调底座上后,永磁吸盘在充磁后可将治具主体有效固定在可调底座上;此时,治具主体倾斜,并保持稳定。By adopting the above technical solution, when the fixture body is placed on the adjustable base, the permanent magnet chuck can effectively fix the fixture body on the adjustable base after magnetization; at this time, the fixture body is tilted and kept stable .
本发明进一步设置为:所述永磁吸盘底部一侧边缘与基座上侧呈转动设置;所述可调底座上还设有用于可拆卸固定永磁吸盘的锁止组件。The present invention is further provided that: one side edge of the bottom of the permanent magnet suction cup and the upper side of the base are arranged in rotation; the adjustable base is also provided with a locking assembly for detachably fixing the permanent magnet suction cup.
通过采用上述技术方案,永磁吸盘与基座转动连接,当锁止组件被松开后,工作人员可以转动永磁吸盘以调节永磁吸盘的倾斜角度。通过这种方式,不仅能够确保工件上待加工斜孔的设计中心线能够精确保持竖直状态,而且能够适应不同工件的加工需求,有助于扩大该治具的适用范围,增强其实用性和通用性。By adopting the above technical solution, the permanent magnet suction cup is rotatably connected to the base, and when the locking assembly is released, the worker can rotate the permanent magnet suction cup to adjust the inclination angle of the permanent magnet suction cup. In this way, it can not only ensure that the design center line of the inclined hole to be machined on the workpiece can be accurately maintained in a vertical state, but also can adapt to the processing requirements of different workpieces, which helps to expand the scope of application of the fixture and enhance its practicality and efficiency. Universality.
本发明进一步设置为:所述锁止组件包括连接杆,所述连接杆一端与基座铰接,所述连接杆另一侧贯穿开设有弧形槽;所述弧形槽中穿设有锁止螺钉,所述锁止螺钉的端部螺纹连接在永磁吸盘中。The present invention further provides that: the locking assembly includes a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the base, and the other side of the connecting rod is provided with an arc-shaped groove; the arc-shaped groove is provided with a locking The end of the locking screw is screwed into the permanent magnet suction cup.
通过采用上述技术方案,在锁止螺钉被松开后,永磁吸盘在基座上转动;在永磁吸盘转动过程中,锁止螺钉可沿弧形槽滑移。在永磁吸盘角度调节完成后,拧紧锁止螺钉,锁止螺钉将抵紧连接杆,从而铰接固定永磁吸盘。By adopting the above technical solution, after the locking screw is loosened, the permanent magnet chuck rotates on the base; during the rotation of the permanent magnet chuck, the locking screw can slide along the arc groove. After the angle adjustment of the permanent magnet suction cup is completed, tighten the locking screw, and the locking screw will press against the connecting rod, thereby hingedly fixing the permanent magnet suction cup.
本发明进一步设置为:所述可调底座上侧还固定有限位块,所述限位块至少在可调底座其中两相邻侧壁上各设置一块;当所述治具主体处于固定状态时,所述治具主体上至少有两相邻侧壁分别抵接一限位块。The present invention is further provided as follows: the upper side of the adjustable base is also fixed with a limit block, and the limit block is provided at least one on each of two adjacent side walls of the adjustable base; when the fixture body is in a fixed state and at least two adjacent side walls of the fixture body are respectively abutted against a limiting block.
通过采用上述技术方案,当治具主体被放置在可调底座上后,治具主体上至少有两相邻侧壁分别抵接以限位块,从而实现治具主体在可调底座上的有效定位,间接提高工件定位的精确性,进而提高工件的加工质量。By adopting the above technical solution, when the fixture body is placed on the adjustable base, at least two adjacent side walls of the fixture body are respectively abutted with limit blocks, so that the effective operation of the fixture body on the adjustable base is realized. Positioning, indirectly improve the accuracy of workpiece positioning, thereby improving the processing quality of the workpiece.
本发明进一步设置为:所述可调底座顶部还均匀成型有防滑纹。The present invention further provides that: the top of the adjustable base is evenly formed with anti-skid lines.
通过采用上述技术方案,防滑纹可有效防止治具主体在可调底座上滑动,保证治具主体上工件的稳定性。By adopting the above technical solution, the anti-skid pattern can effectively prevent the main body of the fixture from sliding on the adjustable base, and ensure the stability of the workpiece on the main body of the fixture.
本发明进一步设置为:所述治具主体包括用于抵接可调底座上表面的底板,所述底板背离可调底座的一面设置有用于嵌设工件底部的装嵌槽;所述治具主体还包括可拆卸固定于底板背离可调底座一侧的压板,所述压板靠近底板一侧设置有用于穿设工件的穿接孔;当所述压板与底板固定时,所述压板下侧与工件上的肩台抵接并使得工件底部抵紧装嵌槽的底部。The present invention is further provided as follows: the jig main body includes a bottom plate for abutting the upper surface of the adjustable base, and the side of the bottom plate facing away from the adjustable base is provided with an embedding groove for embedding the bottom of the workpiece; the jig main body It also includes a pressure plate detachably fixed on the side of the bottom plate away from the adjustable base, and a side of the pressure plate close to the bottom plate is provided with a through hole for passing the workpiece; when the pressure plate and the bottom plate are fixed, the lower side of the pressure plate is connected to the workpiece. The shoulder on the top abuts and makes the bottom of the workpiece abut against the bottom of the mounting groove.
通过采用上述技术方案,工作中,工件嵌设在装嵌槽中;当压板盖在底板上时,工件上侧穿设穿接孔,压板下侧抵紧工件上的肩台,进而将工件抵紧在装嵌槽的底部,实现工件的固定。By adopting the above technical solution, during operation, the workpiece is embedded in the fitting groove; when the pressure plate is covered on the bottom plate, the upper side of the workpiece is pierced with a penetration hole, and the lower side of the pressure plate is pressed against the shoulder on the workpiece, thereby pressing the workpiece against the workpiece. It is tightly attached to the bottom of the mounting groove to realize the fixation of the workpiece.
本发明进一步设置为:所述底板上用于抵接可调底座的一侧设置有排屑孔,所述排屑孔与装嵌槽呈连通设置。The present invention is further provided that: a side of the bottom plate for abutting against the adjustable base is provided with a chip removal hole, and the chip removal hole is communicated with the assembling groove.
通过采用上述技术方案,斜孔加工过程中所产生的铁屑可通过内孔及排屑孔排出,保证刀具的正常工作。By adopting the above technical solution, the iron chips generated during the machining of the inclined hole can be discharged through the inner hole and the chip discharge hole, so as to ensure the normal operation of the tool.
本发明进一步设置为:所述底板上设置有若干下销孔,所述压板上设置有若干上销孔,所述上销孔与下销孔呈一一对应设置;各所述下销孔中均可拆卸固定有用于与各上销孔插接配合的定位销。The present invention is further provided as follows: the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of lower pin holes, the pressure plate is provided with a plurality of upper pin holes, and the upper pin holes and the lower pin holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; Each of them can be detachably fixed with a positioning pin for inserting and matching with each upper pin hole.
通过采用上述技术方案,定位销与上销孔插接配合,从而对底板与压板实现精确定位,确保压板能够精确对齐底板,保证工件的定位精度。By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning pins are inserted and matched with the upper pin holes, so as to achieve precise positioning of the bottom plate and the pressing plate, so as to ensure that the pressing plate can be accurately aligned with the bottom plate and the positioning accuracy of the workpiece.
本发明进一步设置为:各所述下销孔分别设置于底板相对的两侧,各所述上销孔分别设置于压板相对的两侧;所述底板上相对的两边角处以及压板上相对的两边角处均设置有定位倒角。The present invention is further provided as follows: each of the lower pin holes are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the bottom plate, and each of the upper pin holes are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the pressure plate; the opposite two corners of the bottom plate and the opposite sides of the pressure plate are respectively arranged. Positioning chamfers are provided at both corners.
通过采用上述技术方案,各下销孔及各上销孔均设置于治具主体相对的两侧,当压板相对底板转过90度时,底板上的定位销将无法对准上销孔;同时,当压板相对底板的盖合角度不对时,压板与底板上的定位倒角不能对齐,也即意味着压板的盖合角度出错。通过这种方式,确保工作人员能够正确在底板上盖合压板,不仅能够提高工作人员操作的便捷性,还能间接提高工件的定位精度。By adopting the above technical solution, each lower pin hole and each upper pin hole are arranged on opposite sides of the fixture body. When the pressing plate turns 90 degrees relative to the bottom plate, the positioning pins on the bottom plate will not be able to align with the upper pin holes; , when the cover angle of the pressure plate relative to the bottom plate is wrong, the positioning chamfer on the pressure plate and the bottom plate cannot be aligned, which means that the cover angle of the pressure plate is wrong. In this way, it is ensured that the worker can correctly cover the pressing plate on the base plate, which can not only improve the convenience of the worker's operation, but also indirectly improve the positioning accuracy of the workpiece.
综上所述,本发明具有以下有益效果:To sum up, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、借助可调底座上的治具主体固定工件,并将可调底座上表面倾斜设置,使得工件上至少有一待加工斜孔的设计中心线处于竖直状态,满足普通三轴加工中心的加工要求,降低工件上斜孔加工难度,间接提高工件上斜孔加工质量,并极大提高斜孔加工效率;1. Fix the workpiece by means of the main body of the jig on the adjustable base, and set the upper surface of the adjustable base to incline, so that the design center line of at least one inclined hole to be machined on the workpiece is in a vertical state, which meets the processing requirements of ordinary three-axis machining centers. requirements, reduce the difficulty of machining the inclined hole on the workpiece, indirectly improve the machining quality of the inclined hole on the workpiece, and greatly improve the machining efficiency of the inclined hole;
2、利用永磁吸盘固定治具主体,配合各限位块对治具主体实现有效限位,在保证工件定位精度的同时,还大大提高操作的便捷性;2. The main body of the jig is fixed by the permanent magnet chuck, and the main body of the jig is effectively limited with each limit block, which not only ensures the positioning accuracy of the workpiece, but also greatly improves the convenience of operation;
3、通过将永磁吸盘转动设置在基座上,配合锁止组件可拆卸固定永磁吸盘,在保证工件稳定性的同时,可间接实现治具主体倾斜角度的调节,从而不仅能够进一步提高工件的定位精度,还能有效扩大该斜孔加工用治具的适用范围,并增强其实用性和通用性。3. By rotating the permanent magnet suction cup on the base, and cooperating with the locking assembly, the permanent magnet suction cup can be detached and fixed, while ensuring the stability of the workpiece, the adjustment of the inclination angle of the fixture body can be indirectly realized, which can not only further improve the workpiece It can also effectively expand the scope of application of the jig for slanted hole processing, and enhance its practicability and versatility.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是背景技术中一种带有斜孔的工件的剖面结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a kind of workpiece with inclined hole in the background technology;
图2是本实用新型一个实施例整体结构的轴测示意图;FIG. 2 is a schematic axonometric view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本实用新型一个实施例中可调底座的轴测示意图;Fig. 3 is the axonometric schematic diagram of the adjustable base in one embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本实用新型一个实施例中治具主体的爆炸结构示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a fixture body in an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本实用新型一个实施例中治具主体的剖面示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fixture body in an embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记:1、内孔;2、斜孔;3、肩台;4、可调底座;41、基座;42、永磁吸盘;421、防滑纹;5、治具主体;51、底板;511、装嵌槽;512、下销孔;513、排屑孔;52、压板;521、穿接孔;522、上销孔;523、沉头螺栓孔;6、转轴;7、锁止组件;71、连接杆;711、弧形槽;72、锁止螺钉;8、限位块;9、定位销;10、定位倒角。Reference signs: 1, inner hole; 2, inclined hole; 3, shoulder; 4, adjustable base; 41, base; 42, permanent magnet suction cup; 421, anti-skid pattern; ;511, mounting groove; 512, lower pin hole; 513, chip removal hole; 52, pressure plate; 521, through hole; 522, upper pin hole; 523, countersunk head bolt hole; Components; 71, connecting rod; 711, arc groove; 72, locking screw; 8, limit block; 9, locating pin; 10, locating chamfer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
参见附图2,一种斜孔加工用治具,包括可调底座4及设置于可调底座4上的治具主体5。实际工作中,可调底座4固定在加工中心的工作台上,待加工的工件固定在治具主体5中。Referring to FIG. 2 , a jig for processing inclined holes includes an adjustable base 4 and a jig main body 5 arranged on the adjustable base 4 . In actual work, the adjustable base 4 is fixed on the worktable of the machining center, and the workpiece to be processed is fixed in the fixture body 5 .
参见附图2-3,可调底座4包括基座41,基座41可水平固定在加工中心的工作台上。基座41上侧设有永磁吸盘42,永磁吸盘42整体呈方形块状结构,且上表面均匀成型有防滑纹421;为安装永磁吸盘42,基座41上表面一侧边缘处转动设置有转轴6,且基座41通过转轴6与永磁吸盘42底部一侧边缘形成转动连接,从而使得永磁吸盘42可绕转轴6上下翻转,实现永磁吸盘42倾斜角度的调节。永磁吸盘42底部远离转轴6的一侧还固定有支撑轴,支撑轴与转轴6呈平行设置;当永磁吸盘42翻转至水平状态时,支撑轴可有效支撑永磁吸盘42远离转轴6的一侧,保证永磁吸盘42的稳定性。同时,可调底座4上还设有用于可拆卸固定永磁吸盘42的锁止组件7。实际工作中,当永磁吸盘42处于固定状态时,治具主体5可放置在永磁吸盘42上;当永磁吸盘42充磁后,永磁吸盘42可充分固定治具主体5,从而有效保证工件的稳定性;故永磁吸盘42构成本实施例中用于可拆卸固定治具主体5的固定件。Referring to Figures 2-3, the adjustable base 4 includes a base 41, and the base 41 can be horizontally fixed on the worktable of the machining center. The upper side of the base 41 is provided with a permanent magnet suction cup 42, and the permanent magnet suction cup 42 has a square block structure as a whole, and the upper surface is uniformly formed with anti-skid lines 421; in order to install the permanent magnetic suction cup 42, the edge of the upper surface of the base 41 is rotated at one side A rotating shaft 6 is provided, and the base 41 forms a rotational connection with the bottom side edge of the permanent magnet chuck 42 through the rotating shaft 6, so that the permanent magnet chuck 42 can be turned up and down around the rotating shaft 6 to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle of the permanent magnet chuck 42. The side of the bottom of the permanent magnet suction cup 42 away from the rotating shaft 6 is also fixed with a support shaft, and the support shaft and the rotating shaft 6 are arranged in parallel; when the permanent magnet suction cup 42 is turned to a horizontal state, the support shaft can effectively support the permanent magnet suction cup 42 away from the rotating shaft 6. On one side, the stability of the permanent magnet chuck 42 is ensured. At the same time, the adjustable base 4 is also provided with a locking assembly 7 for detachably fixing the permanent magnet suction cup 42 . In actual work, when the permanent magnet chuck 42 is in a fixed state, the fixture body 5 can be placed on the permanent magnet chuck 42; when the permanent magnet chuck 42 is magnetized, the permanent magnet chuck 42 can fully fix the fixture body 5, so as to effectively The stability of the workpiece is ensured; therefore, the permanent magnet chuck 42 constitutes a fixing piece for detachably fixing the fixture body 5 in this embodiment.
如附图3所示,锁止组件7可在可调底座4相对的两侧各设置一组。锁止组件7包括连接杆71,连接杆71的一端与基座41铰接,连接杆71远离其与基座41铰接点的一侧还水平贯穿设置有弧形槽711;弧形槽711中水平穿设有锁止螺钉72,锁止螺钉72的端部螺纹连接在永磁吸盘42中。当锁止螺钉72被拧紧时,锁止螺钉72的头部抵紧连接杆71,从而间接实现永磁吸盘42在基座41上的固定。As shown in FIG. 3 , one set of locking assemblies 7 may be provided on opposite sides of the adjustable base 4 . The locking assembly 7 includes a connecting rod 71, one end of the connecting rod 71 is hinged with the base 41, and the side of the connecting rod 71 away from the hinge point of the connecting rod 71 and the base 41 is also horizontally provided with an arc-shaped groove 711; A locking screw 72 is provided therethrough, and the end of the locking screw 72 is screwed into the permanent magnet suction cup 42 . When the locking screw 72 is tightened, the head of the locking screw 72 presses against the connecting rod 71 , thereby indirectly realizing the fixing of the permanent magnet suction cup 42 on the base 41 .
参见附图3,上述治具主体5整体可呈矩形块状结构;为保证治具主体5在可调底座4上的定位精度,可调底座4上侧还设置有限位块8;限位块8可通过螺栓固定在永磁吸盘42的侧壁上,且限位块8可在永磁吸盘42其中两相邻侧壁上各设置两块;并且,位于永磁吸盘42同一侧壁上两个限位块8可沿该侧壁的长度方向对称设置。各限位块8的上侧部分伸出永磁吸盘42的上表面;当治具主体5被放置在永磁吸盘42上后,在永磁吸盘42充磁前,工作人员可移动治具主体5,使得治具主体5其中两相邻侧壁分别抵紧各组限位块8,即可实现治具主体5在可调底座4上的精确定位。Referring to FIG. 3 , the above-mentioned fixture body 5 may have a rectangular block structure as a whole; in order to ensure the positioning accuracy of the fixture body 5 on the adjustable base 4 , a limit block 8 is also provided on the upper side of the adjustable base 4 ; the limit block 8 can be fixed on the side wall of the permanent magnet chuck 42 by bolts, and the limit block 8 can be provided with two blocks on each of the two adjacent side walls of the permanent magnet chuck 42; The limiting blocks 8 can be symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the side wall. The upper part of each limit block 8 protrudes from the upper surface of the permanent magnet chuck 42; after the fixture body 5 is placed on the permanent magnet chuck 42, before the permanent magnet chuck 42 is magnetized, the staff can move the fixture body 5. The two adjacent side walls of the jig main body 5 are respectively pressed against the respective sets of limit blocks 8, so that the precise positioning of the jig main body 5 on the adjustable base 4 can be realized.
参见附图4-5,治具主体5包括用于抵接永磁吸盘42上表面的底板51,底板51背离永磁吸盘42的一侧设有装嵌槽511,该装嵌槽511主要用于嵌设待加工的工件;为提高加工效率,装嵌槽511可在底板51上均匀设置若干个;同时,该装嵌槽511可设置为不同大小规格,以适应不同规格工件的加工需求。底板51上还垂直贯穿开设有下销孔512,该下销孔512可在底板51上相对的两侧各设置两个或三个或更多个;各下销孔512中一一对应插设固定有定位销9。底板51上用于抵接永磁吸盘42的一侧还设置有排屑孔513,排屑孔513与装嵌槽511呈一一对应设置,且各排屑孔513分别连通对应装嵌槽511。并且,底板51上其中两相对边角处均成型有定位倒角10。Referring to Figures 4-5, the fixture body 5 includes a bottom plate 51 for abutting the upper surface of the permanent magnet chuck 42. The side of the bottom plate 51 facing away from the permanent magnet chuck 42 is provided with a mounting groove 511. The mounting groove 511 is mainly used for The workpieces to be processed are embedded; in order to improve the processing efficiency, several mounting grooves 511 can be evenly arranged on the bottom plate 51; meanwhile, the mounting grooves 511 can be set to different sizes to meet the processing requirements of workpieces of different specifications. The bottom plate 51 is also vertically provided with lower pin holes 512, two or three or more of the lower pin holes 512 can be provided on opposite sides of the bottom plate 51; A positioning pin 9 is fixed. The side of the bottom plate 51 for abutting against the permanent magnet chuck 42 is also provided with a chip removal hole 513 . The chip removal hole 513 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the mounting groove 511 , and each chip removal hole 513 is connected to the corresponding mounting groove 511 respectively. . Moreover, positioning chamfers 10 are formed at two opposite corners of the bottom plate 51 .
治具主体5还包括盖合于底板51背离永磁吸盘42一侧的压板52,压板52上垂直贯穿开设有穿接孔521,穿接孔521与上述装嵌槽511呈一一对应设置。压板52上还垂直贯穿开设有上销孔522,上销孔522与底板51上的下销孔512呈一一对应设置;当压板52抵紧底板51时,各上销孔522可分别正对对应下销孔512。同时,压板52上还均匀设置有若干沉头螺栓孔523;当压板52盖合在底板51上时,各沉头螺栓孔523中一一对应设置有紧固螺钉;借助各紧固螺钉可将压板52充分固定在底板51上。压板52上相对的两边角处同样成型有定位倒角10;当压板52正确盖合在底板51上时,底板51和压板52上的定位倒角10恰好对齐。The fixture body 5 also includes a pressing plate 52 covering the bottom plate 51 on the side away from the permanent magnet chuck 42 . The pressing plate 52 is vertically pierced with through holes 521 . The upper pin holes 522 are also vertically penetrated on the pressing plate 52, and the upper pin holes 522 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the lower pin holes 512 on the bottom plate 51; when the pressing plate 52 is pressed against the bottom plate 51, the upper pin holes 522 can be respectively facing Corresponding to the lower pin hole 512 . At the same time, a number of countersunk head bolt holes 523 are evenly arranged on the pressure plate 52; when the pressure plate 52 is covered on the bottom plate 51, each countersunk head bolt hole 523 is provided with fastening screws one by one; The pressing plate 52 is sufficiently fixed on the bottom plate 51 . Positioning chamfers 10 are also formed on the opposite two corners of the pressing plate 52 ; when the pressing plate 52 is properly covered on the bottom plate 51 , the positioning chamfers 10 on the bottom plate 51 and the pressing plate 52 are just aligned.
实际工作中,工件的底部嵌设于装嵌槽511中;当压板52盖合在底板51上时,压板52的下侧与工件外侧壁上的肩台3抵接,并将工件抵紧在装嵌槽511中,从而实现工件的固定。在此过程中,底板51上的各个定位销9分别插设在压板52上的各个上销孔522中;下销孔512、定位销9及上销孔522共同配合,可对底板51及压板52实现有效定位。In actual work, the bottom of the workpiece is embedded in the fitting groove 511; when the pressing plate 52 is covered on the bottom plate 51, the lower side of the pressing plate 52 is in contact with the shoulder 3 on the outer side wall of the workpiece, and the workpiece is abutted on the bottom plate 51. Fitting into the groove 511, thereby realizing the fixation of the workpiece. During this process, each positioning pin 9 on the bottom plate 51 is inserted into each upper pin hole 522 on the pressing plate 52; 52 to achieve effective positioning.
本实施例的工作原理是:实际工作中,工作人员将各个工件嵌设在底板51上的各个装嵌槽511中,然后调整好压板52,使得压板52上的定位倒角10对齐底板51上的定位倒角10;随后,将压板52盖合在底板51上,底板51上的各个定位销9分别插设在对应上销孔522中;紧接着,利用紧固螺钉将压板52与底板51固定;此时,压板52会将各工件分别抵紧在对应装嵌槽511中,实现各工件的有效固定。随后,将固定有工件的治具主体5放置在永磁吸盘42上,并使得治具主体5上相邻的两侧壁分别抵接各个限位块8;紧接着,对永磁吸盘42进行充磁,使得治具主体5彻底固定在永磁吸盘42上。The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: in actual work, the worker embeds each workpiece in each mounting groove 511 on the bottom plate 51 , and then adjusts the pressing plate 52 so that the positioning chamfer 10 on the pressing plate 52 is aligned with the bottom plate 51 . Then, the pressure plate 52 is covered on the bottom plate 51, and the positioning pins 9 on the bottom plate 51 are respectively inserted into the corresponding upper pin holes 522; Fixing; at this time, the pressing plate 52 presses the workpieces in the corresponding mounting grooves 511 respectively, so as to realize the effective fixing of the workpieces. Subsequently, the jig body 5 with the workpiece fixed is placed on the permanent magnet chuck 42, and the adjacent two side walls of the jig body 5 are respectively abutted against the respective limit blocks 8; then, the permanent magnet chuck 42 is subjected to After magnetization, the fixture body 5 is completely fixed on the permanent magnet chuck 42 .
完成上述操作后,工作人员可松开锁止螺钉72,然后转动永磁吸盘42,直至工件上待加工斜孔2的设计中心线变为竖直状态,立即拧紧锁止螺钉72。直至,工件的定位彻底完成,工作人员可启动三轴加工中心,借助三轴加工中心完成工件上其中一斜孔2的加工。After completing the above operations, the worker can loosen the locking screw 72, and then rotate the permanent magnet chuck 42 until the design centerline of the inclined hole 2 to be machined on the workpiece becomes vertical, and then immediately tighten the locking screw 72. Until the positioning of the workpiece is completely completed, the staff can start the three-axis machining center and complete the machining of one of the inclined holes 2 on the workpiece with the help of the three-axis machining center.
当工件上第一个斜孔2加工完成后,工作人员可取消永磁吸盘42的充磁,并在180度转动治具主体5后重新对永磁吸盘42进行充磁,从而再次固定治具主体5。随后,即可开始工件上下一个斜孔2的加工。通过这种方式,降低工件上斜孔2加工难度,间接提高工件上斜孔2加工质量,并极大提高斜孔2加工效率。When the first inclined hole 2 on the workpiece is processed, the worker can cancel the magnetization of the permanent magnet chuck 42, and re-magnetize the permanent magnet chuck 42 after rotating the fixture body 5 by 180 degrees, thereby fixing the fixture again Subject 5. Then, the machining of the upper and lower inclined holes 2 of the workpiece can be started. In this way, the processing difficulty of the upper inclined hole 2 of the workpiece is reduced, the processing quality of the upper inclined hole 2 of the workpiece is indirectly improved, and the processing efficiency of the inclined hole 2 is greatly improved.
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释,其并不是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present invention, and it does not limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications without creative contribution to the present embodiment as needed after reading this specification, but as long as the rights of the present invention are used All claims are protected by patent law.
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