CN109327261A - A kind of light channel structure of optical repeater - Google Patents
A kind of light channel structure of optical repeater Download PDFInfo
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- CN109327261A CN109327261A CN201811216785.0A CN201811216785A CN109327261A CN 109327261 A CN109327261 A CN 109327261A CN 201811216785 A CN201811216785 A CN 201811216785A CN 109327261 A CN109327261 A CN 109327261A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/29—Repeaters
- H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
- H04B10/2912—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form characterised by the medium used for amplification or processing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/03—Arrangements for fault recovery
- H04B10/032—Arrangements for fault recovery using working and protection systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/29—Repeaters
- H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
- H04B10/293—Signal power control
- H04B10/294—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/29—Repeaters
- H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
- H04B10/297—Bidirectional amplification
- H04B10/2971—A single amplifier for both directions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/29—Repeaters
- H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
- H04B10/298—Two-way repeaters, i.e. repeaters amplifying separate upward and downward lines
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of photo communication, provide a kind of light channel structure of optical repeater.The pump light that the first pump laser group is exported via the first output end of the first coupler in structure, it is coupled to the first branch of up direction optical path by the first wave multiplexer, via the pump light that the second output terminal of the first coupler exports, the first branch of down direction optical path is coupled to by the second wave multiplexer；The pump light that second pump laser group is exported via the first output end of the second coupler, it is coupled to the second branch of up direction optical path by third wave multiplexer, via the pump light that the second output terminal of the second coupler exports, the second branch of down direction optical path is coupled to by the 4th wave multiplexer.The present invention is amplified respectively by the way that the wavelength channel transmitted in optical fiber is divided at least two branches, improves the reliability of optical repeater.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to technical field of photo communication, more particularly to a kind of light channel structure of optical repeater.
[background technique]
Submarine optical fiber cable transmits 97% transoceanic communication service at present, and the failure of submarine cable systems can cause huge economic damage
It loses, in addition the high cost of Fiber Optical Submarine Cable System maintenance and the maintenance time that several weeks may be up to, therefore to optical repeater and sea
The reliability of back light cable proposes high requirement.Compared to submarine optical fiber cable, optical repeater internal structure is complicated, and light, electrical part are many
More, reliability is even more important, and pump laser is the highest device of crash rate in the repeaters.To improve reliability, light
The method that pumping redundancy protection is generallyd use in repeater causes the logical of whole network to prevent single pump laser from failing
Letter interrupts.Fig. 1 is common pumping redundancy protection method in optical repeater.Two pump lasers are through one 2 × 2 3dB coupling
Pump light is provided to the optical amplification unit in the uplink and downlink direction of a fibre pair in repeater after clutch.Optical amplification unit in Fig. 1
Other Passive Optical Components such as the gain smoothing filter comprising providing the Er-doped fiber of the gain of light and for flat gain.Light is put
Big unit can have level-one or two-stage enlarged structure.
If a pump laser power reduces even entirely ineffective in Fig. 1, have benefited from coupler to two pumping lasers
The coupling distributional effects of device optical power, the Er-doped fiber in uplink and downlink fibre circuit can still be assigned to the pump light of half, although
The gain of optical amplification unit and output power reduce, but the communication of entire optical fiber pair will not be interrupted completely.Certainly, if can detect
To the reduction of pump power or output signal power, the pump laser that increase is not failed by way of feedback control it is defeated
Power out may make amplifier gain and output power constant, but this aspect will introduce complicated control electricity in the repeaters
Road and system may be decreased the global reliability of repeater instead；On the other hand require pump laser there are very big allowance,
And the seabed usual output power of dedicated pump laser without refrigeration is not high, allowance is limited.Current more common method is to pump
Control of the Pu laser without any active, but self compensation when optical amplification unit cascade in a saturated state is utilized to imitate
It answers, i.e., in the case where certain level-one optical amplification unit gain reduces, the optical amplification unit of what saturation state can be certainly below link
The gain of dynamic compensation partial loss.Shorter in every section of span using this effect, optical amplification unit gain is not high, and system designs
In the case that allowance is sufficiently large, system remains to maintain the normal communications traffic of partially or completely wavelength.
500mW is usually less than without refrigeration pump laser power in submerged repeater at present, it is contemplated that can to improve it
A part of margin of power that the property depend on retains, the method for 2 pump laser redundancy protectings are only applicable to simple optical fiber output work
Rate is less than the repeater of 21dBm.With the increase of optical fiber medium wavelength channel density, the requirement to repeater output power is increasingly
Height, to obtain more high-gain and output power, frequently with 4 pump lasers, the method for redundancy protecting is as shown in Figure 2.It should
In method, two pumping lasers first pass around a polarization beam combiner (Polorization Beam Combiner, writes a Chinese character in simplified form are as follows:
PBC power combing) is carried out, then realizes pump laser redundancy protecting by 2 × 2 photo-couplers again.When single or 2 pumpings
When failure, the gain in uplink and downlink direction and gross output will decline, gain spectral run-off the straight (gain of long wavelength compared with
It is high).To 21dB gain, the C-band repeater that bandwidth is 40nm, in the case where two pumpings failure, gross output will under
Drop about 50%, originally flat gain spectral substantially tilts 2~3dB.Although due to self-compensation mechanism, cascade saturation shape therewith
The optical amplification unit of state can compensate for the loss of fractionated gain, but can still result in entire link gain flatness and optical signal to noise ratio
(Optical Signal Noise Ratio, write a Chinese character in simplified form are as follows: OSNR) deterioration, especially in the case where large span, high-gain, 2
A or 3 pump laser failures may still result in the even most of wavelength of part wavelength and cannot all maintain normally to communicate.
In addition, there is also two defects for such redundancy protected method: (1) pumping light power passes through the output of 2 × 2 couplers, forms one
A single point failure point, when coupler failure, the pumping laser of input two-way fiber amplifier interrupts simultaneously, causes upper and lower
The interruption of row fiber optic communication；The PBC that (2) 2 pumping multiplex use usually draws cone technique production by polarization maintaining optical fibre, and technology is realized difficult
Degree is big, additionally, there may be that polarization beam combiner coupling loss is big, the high problem of crash rate.
In consideration of it, overcoming defect present in the prior art is the art urgent problem to be solved.
[summary of the invention]
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to the failures of pump laser in the prior art to have an impact to all channels,
In high-gain and large span, it is easy to cause the decline of part wavelength optical signal to noise ratio or even communication disruption.In addition, all pumps
Pu optical power is exported by 2 × 2 coupler, forms a single point failure point, when coupler failure, inputs two-way optical fiber
The pumping laser of amplifier interrupts simultaneously, causes the interruption of uplink optical fibers communication and downlink optical fiber communication.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of optical repeater light channel structures, including up direction optical path, down direction optical path, at least two
The coupler of group pump laser, corresponding pump laser group quantity, wherein the up direction optical path and down direction optical path
It respectively include at least two branches, specific:
The pump light that first pump laser group is exported via the first output end of the first coupler, passes through the first wave multiplexer
It is coupled to the first branch of up direction optical path；First pump laser group is exported via the second output terminal of the first coupler
Pump light is coupled to the first branch of down direction optical path by the second wave multiplexer；
The pump light that second pump laser group is exported via the first output end of the second coupler, passes through third wave multiplexer
It is coupled to the second branch of up direction optical path；Second pump laser group is exported via the second output terminal of the second coupler
Pump light is coupled to the second branch of down direction optical path by the 4th wave multiplexer；
The first optical amplification unit and second are respectively arranged in the first branch and second branch of the up direction optical path
Optical amplification unit；The first branch and second branch of the down direction optical path are respectively arranged with third optical amplification unit and the 4th
Optical amplification unit；
Wherein, each pump light is after corresponding wave multiplexer is coupled to corresponding branch, into the light amplification list in respective branch
Member.
Preferably, the up direction optical path includes the first input signal channel-splitting filter and the first output signal wave multiplexer,
In, the input terminal of the first input signal channel-splitting filter is connected with the side main line of up direction optical path, the first output letter
Number output of wave multiplexer is connected with the other side main line of up direction optical path, the first input signal channel-splitting filter and the first output
The operation interval of an optical fiber pair in the repeater is constituted between signal wave multiplexer；
At least two output ends of the first input signal channel-splitting filter are separately connected the first of the up direction optical path
The second branch of branch and up direction optical path, for splitting at least the optical signal transmitted on the main line of up direction optical path
Two groups of subsignals, wherein first group of subsignal of up direction optical path and second group of subsignal of up direction optical path lead to respectively
The second branch of the first branch and up direction optical path of crossing the up direction optical path is transmitted；
The output end of the second branch of the first branch and up direction optical path of the up direction optical path is separately connected institute
State the input terminal of the first output signal wave multiplexer.
Preferably, the first input signal channel-splitting filter and the first output signal wave multiplexer, specially input comb filtering
Device and output comb filter, then second group of first group of subsignal of the up direction optical path and the up direction optical path
Subsignal is respectively the wavestrip and idol constituted according to the odd-numbered channels wavelength that the main line signal of the up direction optical path is split out
The wavestrip that number channel wavelength is constituted.
Preferably, the first input signal channel-splitting filter and the first output signal wave multiplexer, specially input terminal band filter
With output terminal band filter, then second group of first group of subsignal of the up direction optical path and the up direction optical path
Subsignal is respectively the first preset wavelength group and the second preset wavelength group, wherein the wavelength of the first preset wavelength group is in
Optical amplification unit amplifies in wave-length coverage in respective branch；The wavelength of the second preset wavelength group is in respective branch
Optical amplification unit amplifies in wave-length coverage.
Preferably, the down direction optical path includes the second input signal channel-splitting filter and the second output signal wave multiplexer,
In, the input terminal of the second input signal channel-splitting filter is connected with the side main line of down direction optical path, the second output letter
Number output of wave multiplexer is connected with the other side main line of down direction optical path, the second input signal channel-splitting filter and the second output
The operation interval of the repeater is constituted between signal wave multiplexer；
At least two output ends of the second input signal channel-splitting filter are separately connected the first of the down direction optical path
The second branch of branch and down direction optical path, for splitting at least the optical signal transmitted on the main line of down direction optical path
Two groups of subsignals, wherein first group of subsignal of down direction optical path and second group of subsignal of down direction optical path lead to respectively
The second branch of the first branch and down direction optical path of crossing the down direction optical path is transmitted；
The output end of the second branch of the first branch and down direction optical path of the down direction optical path is separately connected institute
State the input terminal of the second output signal wave multiplexer.
Preferably, the second input signal channel-splitting filter and the second output signal wave multiplexer, specially input comb filtering
Device and output comb filter, then second group of first group of subsignal of the down direction optical path and the down direction optical path
Subsignal is respectively the wavestrip and idol constituted according to the odd-numbered channels wavelength that the main line signal of the down direction optical path is split out
The wavestrip that number channel wavelength is constituted.
Preferably, the second input signal channel-splitting filter and the second output signal wave multiplexer, specially input terminal band filter
With output terminal band filter, then second group of first group of subsignal of the down direction optical path and the down direction optical path
Subsignal is respectively the first preset wavelength group and the second preset wavelength group, wherein the wavelength of the first preset wavelength group is in
Optical amplification unit amplifies in wave-length coverage in respective branch；The wavelength of the second preset wavelength group is in respective branch
Optical amplification unit amplifies in wave-length coverage.
Preferably, first optical amplification unit, the second optical amplification unit, third optical amplification unit and the 4th light amplification list
It respectively include the Er-doped fiber for providing the gain of light and/or the gain smoothing filter for flat gain in member.
Preferably, when each pump laser group is made of two pump lasers respectively, the multiplex implement body
The coupler for showing as 2 × 2, for one or two signals in two pump lasers to be coupled into described 2 × 2 coupling
Clutch, and pumping laser is inputted to the branch respectively coupled respectively by two output ports of described 2 × 2 coupler.
Preferably, in the up direction optical path and down direction optical path, the light channel structure of the corresponding optical repeater
Input terminal and output end are also respectively provided with input optoisolator and output optoisolator, specific:
The input optoisolator is for inhibiting the spontaneous radiation of optical amplification unit reversely amplified to be transferred in optical fiber；
The output optoisolator is for preventing the feedback light on fibre circuit from generating additional noise in amplifying unit
And/or lasing.
The present invention is amplified respectively by the way that the wavelength channel transmitted in optical fiber is divided at least two branches, in this way when corresponding one
One of branch or when one group of pump laser failure, at least there are also the upstream or downstream wavelength channels of half can completely not
Impacted amplification transmission, each channel will be produced by avoiding pump laser failure in traditional 4 pumping redundancy protection methods
Raw the drawbacks of influencing, at the same also avoid 2 × 2 couplers failure crucial in traditional 4 pumping redundancy protection methods cause it is upper and lower
The risk that row channel interrupts completely improves the reliability of optical repeater.
Be divided into two groups in currently preferred implementation, while 4 pump lasers, every group respectively to uplink,
The odd and even number channel of down direction provides pump light, and 2 pumping lasers in every group are mutual by 2 × 2 three-dB coupler
For redundancy.
[Detailed description of the invention]
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, will make below to required in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing is briefly described.It should be evident that drawings described below is only some embodiments of the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of 2 pumping redundancy protections in optical repeater in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of 4 pumping redundancy protections in traditional optical repeater in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is a kind of optical repeater light channel structure schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of 4 pumping redundancy protection provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is single-stage optical amplification unit structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is twin-stage optical amplification unit structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is a kind of light channel structure schematic diagram of the optical branch unit with enlarging function provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
[specific embodiment]
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
In the description of the present invention, term "inner", "outside", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom" etc. refer to
The orientation or positional relationship shown be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, be merely for convenience of description the present invention rather than
It is required that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore it is not construed as limitation of the present invention.
In addition, as long as technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below is each other not
Constituting conflict can be combined with each other.
Embodiment 1:
The embodiment of the present invention 1 provides a kind of light channel structure of optical repeater, as shown in figure 3, including up direction optical path
11, down direction optical path 12, at least two groups pump laser (as shown in the dotted line frame of mark 13 and 14 in Fig. 3), corresponding pumping
The coupler of laser group quantity (as shown in the object of mark 15 and 16 in Fig. 3), wherein the up direction optical path 11 is under
Line direction optical path respectively includes at least two branches, as shown in figure 3, the branch of the up direction optical path 11 includes first
Road, second branch ..., the n-th branch；The branch of the down direction optical path 12 includes the first branch, second branch ..., and n-th
Road, specific:
The pump light that first pump laser group 13 is exported via the first output end of the first coupler 15, is closed by first
Wave device 17 is coupled to the first branch of up direction optical path 11；First pump laser group 13 is via the second of the first coupler 15
The pump light of output end output, the first branch of down direction optical path is coupled to by the second wave multiplexer 18；
The pump light that second pump laser group 14 is exported via the first output end of the second coupler 16, is closed by third
Wave device 19 is coupled to the second branch of up direction optical path 11；Second pump laser group 14 is via the second of the second coupler 16
The pump light of output end output, the second branch of down direction optical path is coupled to by the 4th wave multiplexer 20；
The first optical amplification unit 25 and are respectively arranged in the first branch and second branch of the up direction optical path
Two optical amplification units 26；The first branch and second branch of the down direction optical path are respectively arranged with third optical amplification unit 27
With the 4th optical amplification unit 28；
Wherein, each pump light is after corresponding wave multiplexer is coupled to corresponding branch, into the light amplification list in respective branch
Member.
For example, the first pump laser group 13 is coupled to the first branch of up direction optical path 11 by the first wave multiplexer 17
In pump light, first optical amplification unit 25 can be entered back by the first branch of corresponding up direction optical path 11, thus
Complete the amplification process of corresponding first group of subsignal in the first branch of up direction optical path 11；First pump laser group 13 is logical
The pump light that the second wave multiplexer 18 is coupled in the first branch of down direction optical path 12 is crossed, the down direction optical path can be passed through
12 first branch enters back into the third optical amplification unit 27, to complete corresponding in the first branch of down direction optical path 12
The amplification process of first group of subsignal.Second pump laser group 14 is coupled to up direction optical path 11 by third wave multiplexer 19
Second branch in pump light, the second light amplification list can be entered back by the second branch of corresponding up direction optical path 11
Member 26, to complete the amplification process of corresponding second group of subsignal in the second branch of up direction optical path 11；Second pumping swashs
Light device group 14 is coupled to the pump light in the second branch of down direction optical path 12 by the 4th wave multiplexer 20, can be by under corresponding
The second branch of line direction optical path 12 enters back into the 4th optical amplification unit 28, to complete the second of down direction optical path 12
The amplification process of corresponding second group of subsignal in branch.
The embodiment of the present invention is amplified respectively by the way that the wavelength channel transmitted in optical fiber is divided at least two branches, in this way when
One of a corresponding branch or when one group of pump laser failure, at least there are also the upstream or downstream wavelength channels of half can
The amplification transmission being entirely unaffected by avoids pump laser in traditional 4 pumping redundancy protection methods and fails to each channel
The drawbacks of all having an impact, while also avoiding 2 × 2 couplers failure crucial in traditional 4 pumping redundancy protection methods and leading
The risk for causing uplink and downlink channel to interrupt completely, improves the reliability of optical repeater.
In embodiments of the present invention, for the first input signal channel-splitting filter 21 and the first output signal wave multiplexer 22,
Also propose two kinds of optional implementations, comprising:
Scheme one:
The first input signal channel-splitting filter 21 and the first output signal wave multiplexer 22 be specially input comb filter and
Export comb filter.By the input comb filter, multi-wavelength channel is divided into odd and even number channel, and described first
Group subsignal and second group of subsignal are respectively the odd-numbered channels wavelength that the main line signal partial wave of up direction optical path 11 goes out
The wavestrip that the wavestrip and even channel wavelength of composition are constituted.Wherein, the odd-numbered channels wavelength and even channel wavelength lead to respectively
Cross the first branch and second branch output of up direction optical path.The output comb filter is used for amplified first
It is exported after the odd-numbered channels wavelength on road and the even channel wavelength multiplex of second branch.Wherein, the first branch and second branch can
To be to be respectively used to transmission odd-numbered channels wavelength and even channel wavelength, be also possible to be respectively used to transmission even channel wavelength and
Technology channel wavelength, here, specific choice takes a branch transmission respective channel wavelength not do particular determination.
Scheme two:
Shown first input signal channel-splitting filter 21 and the first output signal wave multiplexer 22, specially input subband filter and
Output subband filter (can also be called for output subband wave multiplexer), and the input subband filter is a three port devices
Part, common end input main line multi-wavelength signals, and the transmitted wave that an output end (transmission end) exports in its free transmission range is taken a message
Number, another output end exports (reflection end) reflection band signal.After the input subband filter, the transmitted wave
Band signal and reflection band signal respectively correspond first group of subsignal and second group of subsignal.Wherein, described first
Group subsignal is in the amplification wave-length coverage of optical amplification unit in respective branch (such as first optical amplification unit 25 shown in Fig. 3)
It is interior；Wavelength is in (such as the second optical amplification unit shown in Fig. 3 of optical amplification unit in respective branch at second subsignal
26) amplify in wave-length coverage.The output subband filter is identical with the input subband filter construction, puts for
Exported after first group of subsignal and second group of subsignal multiplex after big from its common end, scheme two for scheme one,
Flexibility is bigger, but need to be in the protection wavestrip of the reserved one fixed width of the edge wavelengths of bandpass filtering.Wherein, first group of subsignal
With the division mode of second group of subsignal, simplest sorted according to wavelength, is that boundary is divided into two groups with centre.And it is practical
In situation, the mode of division can be carried out according to system design considerations, not repeated herein.
In addition, the second input signal channel-splitting filter 23 and the second output signal wave multiplexer 24 also exist in first input
Signal channel-splitting filter 21 and the similar two kinds of implementations of the first output signal wave multiplexer 22, details are not described herein.
In conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of concrete implementation example, each pump laser group respectively by
When two pump lasers are constituted, the wave multiplexer (object of mark 15 and 16 as shown in Figure 3) is embodied in 2 × 2
Coupler for one or two signals in two pump lasers to be coupled into described 2 × 2 coupler, and passes through
Two output ports of described 2 × 2 coupler input pumping laser to the branch respectively coupled respectively.
In conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, for the optical signal amplifying big structure in repeater, usually each optical amplification unit (packet
Include shown in Fig. 3, be identified with the object of 25-28) it include Er-doped fiber for providing the gain of light and optionally in gain
Flat gain smoothing filter and other optical devices have level-one or two-stage enlarged structure.
In conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, there is also a kind of preferred implementations, as shown in figure 5, the up direction optical path
11 and down direction optical path 12 in, the input terminal and output end of the light channel structure of the corresponding optical repeater are also respectively provided with
Optoisolator 29 and output optoisolator 30 are inputted, specific:
The input optoisolator 29 is for inhibiting the reversed ASE noise of optical amplification unit to be transferred to light
In fibre；
The output optoisolator 30 is used to prevent the feedback light on fibre circuit from generating additional make an uproar in amplifying unit
Sound and/or lasing.
Embodiment 2:
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of pumping redundancy protection sides based on the basis of optical repeater described in embodiment 1
Method, the embodiment of the present invention are amplified respectively by the way that the wavelength channel transmitted in optical fiber is divided at least two branches, as shown in figure 3,
The second branch of the first branch, up direction optical path 11 including up direction optical path 11 ..., up direction optical path 11 n-th
The first branch of branch and down direction optical path 12, the second branch of down direction optical path 12 ..., down direction optical path 12
The n-th branch.Wherein, the quantity of specific branch can according to reliability requirement and working environment (in the embodiment of the present invention
In be often referred to submarine optical fiber cable) severe degree sets, it is generally the case that and/or working environment very high for reliability requirement compared with
Severe, it can usually set with more branches, to sharing the amplification process of signal to more pump lasers
Group, in order to reduce because believing when some pump laser or a certain group of pump laser break down for entire light
Number the influence effectively transmitted.
Wherein, the pump laser quantity in each pump laser group can choose two, three even more than relatively
For, the pump laser quantity in each pump laser group is more, for (such as a certain pumping laser under emergency case
Device failure), guarantee that optical signal still effectively transmits and there is better robustness still similarly to also bring along mentioning for cost
It is high.Therefore, one kind is just used in the embodiment 3 of the subsequent proposition of the present invention in single pump laser group, setting has
The implementation of two pump lasers.
And the light relay structure that the embodiment of the present invention is proposed, it can guarantee one or one group when a corresponding branch
When pump laser fails, at least there are also the amplification transmission that the upstream or downstream wavelength channel of half can be entirely unaffected by, keep away
Exempt from the drawbacks of pump laser failure will have an impact each channel in traditional 4 pumping redundancy protection methods, while
Avoid the wind that 2 × 2 couplers failure crucial in traditional 4 pumping redundancy protection methods causes uplink and downlink channel to interrupt completely
Danger, improves the reliability of optical repeater.
Embodiment 3:
The embodiment of the present invention is light channel structure and pumping as described in example 2 based on optical repeater described in embodiment 1
On the basis of redundancy protected method, the example under a kind of concrete application scene is provided, although in the present embodiment, the mark identified
Number with it is different in embodiment 1, it is embodiment 1 a kind of specific that the difference on label herein, which shows the embodiment of the present invention,
The performance of example scenario, on the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention is also by the correspondence of title and attached drawing locations of structures come the source of showing
From the upper the next example relationship of individual features in embodiment 1.Referring to fig. 4, including up direction optical path 301, down direction optical path
302, the first pump laser 303, the second pump laser 304, third pump laser 305, the 4th pump laser 306,2
A 2 × 2 three-dB coupler 307 and 308.
Wherein, include: input optoisolator 308 in up direction optical path 301, input comb filter 309, odd number wavelength
Wave multiplexer 310, odd number wavelength optical amplification unit 311, the wave multiplexer 312 in even number wavelength channel, even number wavelength light in channel
Amplifying unit 313, output comb filter 314, export optoisolator 315.
Down direction optical path includes: to input optoisolator 316, in input comb optical filter 317, odd number wavelength channel
Wave multiplexer 318, odd number wavelength optical amplification unit 319, the wave multiplexer 320 in even number wavelength channel, even number wavelength optical amplification unit
321, comb filter 322 is exported, optoisolator 323 is exported.
First pump laser 303 and the second pump laser 304 are mutually redundant after coupler 307, composition first
Group pump laser, two output ends of coupler 306 respectively with the wave multiplexer 313 and down direction of the even number wavelength channel of uplink
The wave multiplexer 321 of even number wavelength channel is connected, and provides pump light for the even number wavelength channel in uplink and downlink direction.It is equivalent
, third pump laser 305 and the 4th pump laser 306 form second group of pump laser, superfluous each other through coupler 308
Yu Hou is connected with wave multiplexer 310 and 318, provides pump light for the odd number wavelength channel in uplink and downlink direction.
In the present embodiment, the signal light of up direction dense wave division multipurpose is divided into after comb optical filter 309
Two wavestrips of odd number wavelength and even number wavelength, they are amplified by two optical amplification units 311 and 313 respectively, later again through defeated
Comb filter 314 exports after carrying out odd, even channel multiplex out.Coupler 307 and 308 provides first group for two amplifying units
Pump laser (the first pump laser 303 and the second pump laser 304 composition) and second group of pump laser (first pump
Pu laser 305 and the second pump laser 306 composition) half pumping light power.Input optoisolator 308 is for inhibiting light
The spontaneous radiation (ASE) of amplifier reversely amplified is transferred in optical fiber, and output optoisolator 315 is for preventing fibre circuit
Feedback light generated in amplifying unit additional noise even lasing.
Except signal transmission direction on the contrary in addition to, the optical path of down direction is similar with up direction optical path, odd and even number wave
The pumping light power of long channel is respectively the half of first group and second group pump laser.
Optical amplification unit in the present embodiment includes the Er-doped fiber and gain smoothing filter (Gain for light amplification
Flattening Filter, writes a Chinese character in simplified form are as follows: GFF) etc. Passive Optical Components, it can be single-stage amplifying unit shown in Fig. 4, can also
To be two-stage amplifying unit shown in fig. 5 or other more complicated multistage amplification light channel structures.Single-stage amplifying unit is by er-doped light
401 and GFF402 of fibre composition, it can only provide lower gain, and the power loss that end GFF402 is introduced is also larger, leads
Cause pumping efficiency and output power all lower.Higher gain and output power to be such as provided, need to be put using two-stage shown in fig. 6
Big amplifying unit.In Fig. 6, after first segment doped fiber 501, the signal light of amplification is closed for input signal light and pump light
Wave device 502 is assigned in the signal path comprising GFF503 and isolator 504, and remaining pump light is then by pumping light-path
505 are transferred to wave multiplexer 506, by second segment Er-doped fiber 507 after signal light and residual pump light multiplex, signal light again by
It is exported after amplification.
Table 1 gives the result that traditional 4 pumping redundancy protection modes compare in the implementation case and Fig. 2.Pump laser
Influence of the various possible failure conditions to channel is as follows: if (1) two pump lasers (303 in first group of laser
Or 304) one of failure, the pump power for the uplink and downlink even number wavelength channel being attached thereto halve, uplink amplifying unit
311 and downlink amplifying unit 319 gain decline, output gain spectrum inclination, although cascade regulex self-compensation mechanism
Its power can be made to obtain part recovery in cascade next stage amplifier, but high-gain, large span (such as 24dB gain,
120km span) in the case where, compensation effect is limited, causes transmission quality to decline (error code increase), part OSNR poor wavelength
Channel even can generate service disconnection.Similar, if one in second group of laser fails, uplink and downlink direction
Odd number wavelength channel will be affected.But either which pump laser failure, all there are also the channel of half completely not by
It influences；(2) if two pump lasers in first group of pump laser all fail, the even number in uplink and downlink direction
Wavelength channel will interrupt completely, but odd number wavelength channel is entirely unaffected by., whereas if second group of pump laser all loses
Effect, then the even number wavelength channel in uplink and downlink direction will interrupt completely, even number wavelength channel is entirely unaffected by；(3) such as
Fruit has 3 pump laser failures, then the wavelength channel of only half can be maintained to communicate by uplink and downlink direction, and transmits
Quality declines；(4) if respectively there is a failure in first group and second group of pump laser, each amplifying unit all can only
The pump power of original half is obtained, all wavelengths channel is all affected.
The comparison of 1. the implementation case of table and 4 traditional pumping redundancy protection modes
In the embodiment of the present invention, by introducing optical comb filter, the wavelength channel transmitted in optical fiber is divided into odd number letter
Road and even-numbered channels amplify respectively, and provide pump light to odd and even number channel respectively after pump laser is grouped.In this way
No matter the failure of any one of 4 pump lasers, have the channel of half completely unaffected.And swash when there are 2 pumpings
When the case where light device fails, there are also the channels that 50% probability (with the case where group laser damage) can ensure half for the present embodiment
It is entirely unaffected by.Even if there are also original in remaining half channel under the entirely ineffective extreme case of 3 pump lasers
50% pump power at least can also ensure that part wavelength maintains regular traffic.And traditional 4 pumping redundancy protection modes are pressed, this
When Er-doped fiber in pump power there was only original 25%, in the case where large span, high-gain, the business of all wavelengths can
It can interrupt completely.In addition, single 2 × 2 coupler failure only results in the interruption of half wavelength channel in the present embodiment, avoid
2 × 2 crucial couplers fail the risk for causing all channels to interrupt completely in traditional redundancy protecting scheme.
Embodiment 4:
Referring to Fig. 7, the embodiment of the present invention illustrates the optical repeater in embodiment 1, and sea can be realized after being simply transformed
The function of back light add drop multiplex branch units can be mentioned in the case where not additionally introducing the biggish partial wave of Insertion Loss and multiplex device
For the upper and lower road function of half wavelength channel.When being applied to the seabed branch units by the structure that the embodiment of the present invention is proposed,
Specific structure as shown in fig. 7, comprises:
Up direction optical path 601, down direction optical path 602, the first pump laser 603, the second pump laser 604,
Third pump laser 605, the 4th pump laser 606,22 × 2 three-dB couplers 607 and 608.
It wherein, include: input optoisolator 609, input comb optical filter 610, odd wave in up direction optical path 601
Terminal 612, upper terminal optoisolator 613, the wave multiplexer 614 in odd number wavelength channel, surprise in long lower terminal 611, odd number wavelength
Number wavelength optical amplification unit 615, the wave multiplexer 616 in even number wavelength channel, even number wavelength optical amplification unit 617, output pectination
Filter 618 and output optoisolator 619.
Down direction optical path includes: terminal under input optoisolator 620, input comb optical filter 621, odd number wavelength
622, terminal 623, upper terminal optoisolator 624, the wave multiplexer 625 in odd number wavelength channel, odd number wavelength light on odd number wavelength
Wave multiplexer 627, even number wavelength optical amplification unit 628, output comb filter 629 in amplifying unit 626, even number wavelength channel
With output optoisolator 630.
First pump laser 603 and the second pump laser 604 are mutually redundant after coupler 607, composition first
Group pump laser, two output ends of coupler 607 respectively with the wave multiplexer 616 and down direction of the even number wavelength channel of uplink
The wave multiplexer 627 of even number wavelength channel is connected, and provides pump light for the even number wavelength channel in uplink and downlink direction.It is similar
, third pump laser 605 and the 4th pump laser 606 form second group of pump laser, superfluous each other through coupler 608
Yu Hou is connected with wave multiplexer 614 and 625, provides pump light for the odd number wavelength channel in uplink and downlink direction.
In the present embodiment, the signal light of up direction dense wave division multipurpose is divided into after comb optical filter 610
Two wavestrips of odd number wavelength and even number wavelength, the even number wavelength channel on lower road resume defeated, and upper road by the way that lower terminal 610 is subsequent
Odd number wavelength channel after upper terminal 611 is by upper terminal isolator 613 enter optical amplification unit 615 amplify.Without upper and lower
The even number wavelength channel on road and the odd number wavelength channel on upper road are after amplification through 618 multiplex of comb filter, through exporting isolator
It is exported after 619.Wherein, the signal light of down direction also realizes the upper and lower road of a half-wavelength using identical method.Pumping redundancy
It is identical in protected mode and embodiment 1, it repeats no more.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by introducing optical comb filter, by multiple waves of dense wave division multipurpose transmission in optical fiber
Long channel is decomposed into odd-numbered channels and even-numbered channels, can simply realize the upper and lower road function of half wavelength channel, without
The biggish partial wave of Insertion Loss and multiplex optical device are additionally introduced again, have been provided simultaneously with repeater and optical add/drop multiplexer branch units in this way
Function.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of light channel structure of optical repeater, which is characterized in that including up direction optical path, down direction optical path, at least two
The coupler of group pump laser, corresponding pump laser group quantity, wherein the up direction optical path and down direction optical path
It respectively include at least two branches, specific:
The pump light that first pump laser group is exported via the first output end of the first coupler, is coupled by the first wave multiplexer
To the first branch of up direction optical path；The pumping that first pump laser group is exported via the second output terminal of the first coupler
Light is coupled to the first branch of down direction optical path by the second wave multiplexer；
The pump light that second pump laser group is exported via the first output end of the second coupler, is coupled by third wave multiplexer
To the second branch of up direction optical path；The pumping that second pump laser group is exported via the second output terminal of the second coupler
Light is coupled to the second branch of down direction optical path by the 4th wave multiplexer；
It is respectively arranged with the first optical amplification unit in the first branch and second branch of the up direction optical path and the second light is put
Big unit；The first branch and second branch of the down direction optical path are respectively arranged with third optical amplification unit and the 4th light is put
Big unit；
Wherein, each pump light is after corresponding wave multiplexer is coupled to corresponding branch, into the optical amplification unit in respective branch.
2. the light channel structure of optical repeater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the up direction optical path includes the
One input signal channel-splitting filter and the first output signal wave multiplexer, wherein the input terminal of the first input signal channel-splitting filter with it is upper
The side main line of line direction optical path is connected, and the output of the first output signal wave multiplexer and the other side of up direction optical path are dry
Road is connected, and the workspace of the repeater is constituted between the first input signal channel-splitting filter and the first output signal wave multiplexer
Between；
At least two output ends of the first input signal channel-splitting filter are separately connected the first branch of the up direction optical path
With the second branch of up direction optical path, for the optical signal transmitted on the main line of up direction optical path to be split at least two groups
Subsignal, wherein first group of subsignal of up direction optical path and second group of subsignal of up direction optical path pass through institute respectively
The second branch of the first branch and up direction optical path of stating up direction optical path is transmitted；
The output end of the second branch of the first branch and up direction optical path of the up direction optical path is separately connected described
The input terminal of one output signal wave multiplexer.
3. the light channel structure of optical repeater according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the first input signal channel-splitting filter
With the first output signal wave multiplexer, comb filter and output comb filter are specially inputted, then the up direction optical path
First group of subsignal and second group of subsignal of the up direction optical path be respectively according to the dry of the up direction optical path
The wavestrip that the wavestrip and even channel wavelength that the odd-numbered channels wavelength that road signal is split out is constituted are constituted.
4. the light channel structure of optical repeater according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the first input signal channel-splitting filter and
One output signal wave multiplexer, specially input terminal band filter and output terminal band filter, then the up direction optical path
First group of subsignal and second group of subsignal of the up direction optical path be respectively that the first preset wavelength group and second are default
Wavelength group, wherein what the wavelength of the first preset wavelength group was in optical amplification unit in respective branch amplifies wave-length coverage
It is interior；The wavelength of the second preset wavelength group is in the amplifying in wave-length coverage of optical amplification unit in respective branch.
5. the light channel structure of optical repeater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the down direction optical path includes the
Two input signal channel-splitting filters and the second output signal wave multiplexer, wherein the input terminal of the second input signal channel-splitting filter is under
The side main line of line direction optical path is connected, and the output of the second output signal wave multiplexer and the other side of down direction optical path are dry
Road is connected, and a light in the optical repeater is constituted between the second input signal channel-splitting filter and the second output signal wave multiplexer
Fine pair of operation interval；
At least two output ends of the second input signal channel-splitting filter are separately connected the first branch of the down direction optical path
With the second branch of down direction optical path, for the optical signal transmitted on the main line of down direction optical path to be split at least two groups
Subsignal, wherein first group of subsignal of down direction optical path and second group of subsignal of down direction optical path pass through institute respectively
The second branch of the first branch and down direction optical path of stating down direction optical path is transmitted；
The output end of the second branch of the first branch and down direction optical path of the down direction optical path is separately connected described
The input terminal of two output signal wave multiplexers.
6. the light channel structure of optical repeater according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the second input signal channel-splitting filter
With the second output signal wave multiplexer, comb filter and output comb filter are specially inputted, then the down direction optical path
First group of subsignal and second group of subsignal of the down direction optical path be respectively according to the dry of the down direction optical path
The wavestrip that the wavestrip and even channel wavelength that the odd-numbered channels wavelength that road signal is split out is constituted are constituted.
7. the light channel structure of optical repeater according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the second input signal channel-splitting filter and
Two output signal wave multiplexers, specially input terminal band filter and output terminal band filter, then the down direction optical path
First group of subsignal and second group of subsignal of the down direction optical path be respectively that the first preset wavelength group and second are default
Wavelength group, wherein what the wavelength of the first preset wavelength group was in optical amplification unit in respective branch amplifies wave-length coverage
It is interior；The wavelength of the second preset wavelength group is in the amplifying in wave-length coverage of optical amplification unit in respective branch.
8. the light channel structure of optical repeater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first optical amplification unit,
It respectively include for providing the er-doped light of the gain of light in two optical amplification units, third optical amplification unit and the 4th optical amplification unit
Gain smoothing filter fine and/or for flat gain.
9. the light channel structure of optical repeater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in each pump laser component
When not being made of two pump lasers, the wave multiplexer is embodied in 2 × 2 coupler, is used for two pumping lasers
One or two signals in device are coupled into described 2 × 2 coupler, and two outputs for passing through described 2 × 2 coupler
Port provides pump light to the branch respectively coupled respectively.
10. the light channel structure of optical repeater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the up direction optical path is under
In line direction optical path, the input terminal and output end of the light channel structure of the corresponding optical repeater, be also respectively provided with input light every
It is specific from device and output optoisolator:
The input optoisolator is for inhibiting the spontaneous radiation of the reversed amplification of optical amplification unit to be transferred in optical fiber；
The output optoisolator be used to preventing the feedback light on fibre circuit generated in amplifying unit additional noise and/or
Lasing.
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