CN1093257C - Linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1093257C CN1093257C CN 99113794 CN99113794A CN1093257C CN 1093257 C CN1093257 C CN 1093257C CN 99113794 CN99113794 CN 99113794 CN 99113794 A CN99113794 A CN 99113794A CN 1093257 C CN1093257 C CN 1093257C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar material level instrument and a measuring method thereof. The linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar material level instrument comprises a microwave subsystem and a signal processing subsystem, wherein the microwave subsystem comprises a microwave source with a frequency modulator, a circulator, an emitting antenna and a mixing/intermediate frequency amplifier. The signal processing subsystem comprises a wave filter, a program controlled amplifier, a CPU processing circuit, a keyboard and a display device. The measuring method has the scheme that firstly, a target echo signal containing the target distance R and a local oscillation signal are measured to obtain the difference frequency fr, and subsequently, the target distance R is obtained so as to obtain the material level. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, high measuring precision and good repeatability, and moreover, the present invention is hardly influenced by the external environment. Furthermore, the present invention is suitable for measuring various material levels.
Description
The present invention relates to microwave and material level measuring technology, particularly a kind of linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument.
The technology of measuring in order to Realtime Level in the prior art has tuning fork, weight, gamma-rays and ultrasound wave etc., adopts the each have their own relative merits of level-sensing device of these technological means, and their comparable situation sees the following form 1.
The situation of four kinds of level-sensing devices of table 1 relatively
| The level-sensing device type | Tuning fork | Weight | Gamma-rays | Ultrasound wave |
| Measuring principle | The symmetry tuning fork produces resonant frequency by piezoelectric crystal | Gravitational effect and pressure transducer | Gamma-rays has very strong penetration power | The mistiming that ultrasonic pulse is propagated in medium |
| Characteristics | ● contact ● discontinuous ● low price ● be applicable to powder ● easily install | ● contact ● continuously ● low price ● be applicable to the piece material | ● contactless ● discontinuous ● expensive ● widely applicable ● heaviness, be difficult for installing ● possible harmful to human | ● contactless ● continuously ● moderate cost ● widely applicable ● as easily to install |
| Ambient Operating Temperature | -40 ℃ to+65 ℃ | -40 ℃ to+65 ℃ | -40 ℃ to+65 ℃ | -40 ℃ to+65 ℃ |
| The storage tank operating temperature | Maximum to+80 ℃ | Maximum to+80 ℃ | Unrestrictedly | Maximum to+80 ℃ |
| The storage tank on-stream pressure | Maximum to 10 6Pa (10Bar) | 10 5Pa(1Bar) | Unrestrictedly | Maximum to 10 6Pa (10Bar) |
| Measurement range | Spacing | Unrestrictedly | Spacing | 1～20m |
| Measuring accuracy | ±1mm | ±5mm | ±5mm | ±5Cm |
From table 1, can find, under the abominable industrial environment of High Temperature High Pressure, gamma-rays level-sensing device ability operate as normal is only arranged, but the gamma-rays level-sensing device only can use as limit switch, can't carry out the continuous coverage of material level, and gamma-rays may produce harm to human body, and the site operation personnel has the tendency that resists use gamma-rays level-sensing device.
At the beginning of the nineties, the Endress+Hausar company of Germany has successfully developed the radar level-sensing device of the first in the world platform Industry Control level, has solved the level gauging under the High Temperature High Pressure industrial environment.After the E+H company of Germany, SAAB AB of Sweden has also successfully finished the radar level-sensing device of controlled stage the same period.The radar level-sensing device that has patent WO90/12292 (Device for Level Gauging with Microwaves) to provide is to measure material level by measuring microwave from being transmitted into the time of returning, this is typical radargrammetry principle, thus the level-sensing device complex structure of Gou Chenging and huge.It is to determine material level by measurement from the microwave amplitude that tested material level face returns that patent WO 95/08780 (Level Measurement Process Based onthe Radar Principle) provides a kind of radar level-sensing device.Not high based on level-sensing device measuring accuracy that this measuring method constituted, and repeatability is bad, and this is a lot of because influence the factor of microwave amplitude, as if the measuring accuracy that will guarantee this level-sensing device, brings complex structure again, a series of problems such as cost cost height.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy real-time high-precision to measure material level, simple in structure, and cheap, be subjected to ectocine little, good reproducibility and linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument and measuring method thereof easy to maintenance.
Purpose of the present invention is finished by following technical solution:
Linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention comprises microwave subsystem 12 and signal Processing subsystem 13.Concrete structure is in the microwave subsystem 12, contains the microwave source 2 of being with frequency modulator 1 and is connected on the circulator 3, and circulator 3 is connected with emitting antenna 4, the output of circulator 3 simultaneously be connected to mixing/in put on the device 5.Contain wave filter 7 in the signal Processing subsystem 13, the output of wave filter 7 is connected to CPU treatment circuit 9 through programmable amplifier 8, and CPU treatment circuit 9 is connected with the keyboard 11 and the display 10 at man-machine interface interface.Mixing in the microwave subsystem 12/in put device 5 and link through concentric cable 6 and wave filter 7 in the signal Processing subsystem 13.That is to say that two subsystem microwave subsystems 12 and signal Processing subsystem 13 are to be connected by a concentric cable 6.As shown in Figure 1.
In the structure of the invention described above as shown in Figure 1.Launch to target by emitting antenna 4 via circulator 3 backs through the continuous microwave of linear frequency modulation that frequency modulator 1 chirped microwave source 2 is launched, the signal that fires back from target receives via emitting antenna 4, again via circulator 3 be transported to mixing/in put in the device 5 and to form the difference frequency f that comprises target range R information with transmitting
rSignal is handled via wave filter 7 again, and the programmable amplifier 8 through 9 controls of CPU treatment circuit amplifies this signal then, enters CPU treatment circuit 9 at last.Operating personnel operate by the keyboard 11 at man-machine interface interface, demonstrate the information that records target range R by display 10 again and are material level.
Above-mentioned microwave subsystem 12 is to pack in the custom-designed cabinet; Emitting antenna 4 directly is contained on the microwave subsystem 12; Signal Processing subsystem 13 and keyboard wherein 11, display 10 interfaces are contained on the same cabinet housing; Microwave subsystem 12 links to each other with signal Processing subsystem 13 by concentric cable 6.Constituted simple and practical level-sensing device.As shown in Figure 4.
The measuring method of linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention is at first to measure the target echo signal E that comprises target range R
RFWith local oscillation signal E
LO, draw difference frequency f between the two
r, again according to target range R and difference frequency f
rRelational expression is between the two tried to achieve target range R.
As shown in Figure 2: at t
1Constantly, be f by microwave source 2 transmission frequencies
0Radio frequency transmissions E
RFLaunch from emitting antenna 4, behind the target reflection of distance, postpone E through time τ=2R/C (C is the light velocity) for the R place
RFIn t
2Constantly be launched antenna 4 and receive, since the linear modulation of frequency modulator 1, t
2The microwave signal E of microwave source 2 generations constantly
LOBe coupled to mixing/in put device 5 as local oscillation signal, with target echo signal E
RFThe intermediate-freuqncy signal E that mixing produces is got in mixing
IFThe lower sideband signal of quadratic term, i.e. target echo signal E
RFWith local oscillation signal E
LOBetween difference frequency f
rDifference frequency f
rThe information that has comprised target range R, then difference frequency f
rWith the relational expression of target range R be:
f
r=(2R/C) C is the light velocity in (Δ f/ Δ t) formula, and Δ t is modulation period, and Δ f is in the Δ t time, the width of frequency change.
So, as long as by CPU treatment circuit 9 analyze from mixing/put device 5 outputs intermediate-freuqncy signal E
IF, just can measure target difference frequency f
r, then according to following formula, just can draw target range R promptly is material level.
The concrete step of measuring is:
＜1〉data acquisition: comprise and gather the target echo signal E that comprises target range R that records as above-mentioned process
RFWith local oscillation signal E
LOData;
＜2〉data filtering: comprise filtering and smoothing processing to data;
＜3〉draw difference frequency f
r: promptly calculate target echo signal E
RFWith local oscillation signal E
LOThe difference of frequency between the two is referred to as difference frequency f
r
＜4〉try to achieve target range R: by relational expression f
r=(2R/C) (Δ f/ Δ t) obtain target range R, on the screen of display (10), illustrate, be material level.
Above-mentioned concrete measuring process is shown in the process flow diagram of Fig. 3.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. the aforesaid structure of linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention, it is to determine material level by the microwave frequency that measurement has material level information.So its texture ratio prior art is simple in structure, is subjected to external influence little, realize easily, and also the measuring accuracy height, good reproducibility, easy to maintenance.
2. the measuring method of linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention is to determine material level by the microwave frequency that measurement comprises the material level information of target range R as mentioned above.So measuring process is simple and direct, reliable, be subjected to ectocine little, operate conveniently, can measure material level in real-time high-precision ground.
3. the advantage of the structure of level-sensing device of the present invention in sum and measuring method thereof, it is applicable to metallurgy industry, petrochemical industry, grain warehouse, building material industry etc., to High Temperature High Pressure, the cement level gauging of many dust has the incomparable advantage of other kind level-sensing device especially.
4. level-sensing device of the present invention is because simple in structure, so also cheap than prior art of price, is 1/10 of the similar level-sensing device price of prior art, saved a large amount of funds.Simultaneously measuring method is simple and direct, can real-time automatic measuring, can save the manpower and the energy again.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument general structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of level-sensing device measuring process of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the measuring method of linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of complete machine under user mode of linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 5 by linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention in an embodiment the circuit diagram of wave filter 7 of employing bandpass filter.
The circuit diagram of the programmable amplifier 8 that Fig. 6 is adopted in an embodiment for linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention data acquisition circuit synoptic diagram in the CPU treatment circuit 9 in an embodiment.
Fig. 8 is linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention keyboard, display interface connection line figure in an embodiment.
Embodiment:
Further the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.Structure as shown in Figure 1.With user mode shown in Figure 4.Wherein
1) in the microwave subsystem 12
Above the frequency modulation (PFM) of said frequency modulator 1 be triangular modulation.Having adopted modulating frequency in the present embodiment is 2.5kHz, and voltage range is the triangular modulation of 7V～11V.
Said microwave source 2 is voltage-controlled field effect microwave generating sources of the chirped continuous wave of emission.Adopting fm linearity in the present embodiment is 0.9%, and centre frequency is 9.5GHz, and modulating bandwidth is 0.6GHz, and output power is the voltage-controlled field effect microwave generating source of 40mW.
Said emitting antenna 4 is to adopt gain to be 21dB, and half-power angle is that 3 ° waveguide trumpet antenna double as transmits and receives.
Said mixing/in to put device 5 are microwave mixers.Adopt noise figure≤5 in the present embodiment, conversion loss is that the microwave mixer of 6.5dB produces the difference frequency f that comprises target range R information
rSignal.
Adopt 25m long in said concentric cable 6 present embodiments, decay characteristics is the low damage concentric cable of 0.2dB/m, is used for connecting microwave subsystem 12 and signal Processing subsystem 13.
2) in the above-mentioned signal Processing subsystem 13
Said wave filter 7 is bandpass filter, mainly comprises No. four transport and placing device OP2: A, OP2: B (LM358), and the filtering circuit of OP3 (LF357) and OP (LF356) is as shown in Figure 5.The logical frequency of its band is 10K～500kHz, mainly rise modulating frequency that inhibition frequency modulator 1 brings and mixing/in put of the interference of the high frequency noise of device 5 outputs to signal.
Contain No. 4 amplifier G1 in the said programmable amplifier 8, G10, G100 and G400, totally 4 tunnel enlargement factors are respectively 0.33,3.3,33 and 132 times.By the list 8 channel multiplexers/separation vessel U41 4051 of address signal control is provided by CPU treatment circuit 9, select a road in 4 road signals according to the size of signal, convert the signal that satisfies the analog to digital converter requirement to by converter U51 and U3 (LF156) again.As shown in Figure 6.
Data acquisition circuit in the said CPU treatment circuit 9 is an analog to digital converter, and adopting analog to digital converter in the present embodiment is CA3318, and its sampling clock is to be the main crystal oscillating circuit that constitutes by the CZ crystal oscillator, and it guarantees signals sampling speed by the numerical value of crystal oscillator.As shown in Figure 7.
The keyboard 11 at said man-machine interface interface links to each other with CPU treatment circuit 9 by interface chip U8279 with display 10.As shown in Figure 8.
According to above-mentioned measuring method and concrete measuring process, concrete measurement flow process is referring to Fig. 3, at first the peripheral chip and the used parameter of CPU treatment circuit 9 are carried out initialization, carry out the keyboard discriminating program then, no key is gathered by next execution data, data filtering, calculated rate draw difference frequency fr to try to achieve target range R at last are material level, show the material level values of surveying by display 10.
There is key at first to judge the key press number, number changes corresponding handling procedure over to according to key then by next.Flow process as shown in Figure 3.
Table 2 is for above-mentioned level-sensing device of the present invention and measurement result that measuring method obtained, and its measuring accuracy is up to 1%.
Table 2 records with level-sensing device of the present invention and measuring method thereof
The comparison sheet of target range R and actual range R
| Actual range R (rice) | The measured value of R | Measurement error value | Measuring accuracy |
| 1.00 | ?1.01 | +0.01 | ?1.0％ |
| 2.00 | ?1.99 | -0.01 | ?0.5％ |
| 3.00 | ?2.97 | -0.03 | ?1.0％ |
| Actual range R (rice) | The measured value of R | Measurement error value | Measuring accuracy |
| 4.00 | ?3.94 | -0.06 | ?1.5％ |
| 5.00 | ?5.01 | +0.01 | ?0.2％ |
| 6.00 | ?5.93 | -0.07 | ?1.1％ |
| 7.00 | ?6.96 | -0.04 | ?0.6％ |
| 8.00 | ?7.99 | -0.01 | ?0.1％ |
| 9.00 | ?8.97 | -0.03 | ?0.33％ |
| 10.00 | ?9.97 | -0.03 | ?0.3％ |
| 11.00 | ?11.03 | +0.03 | ?0.27％ |
| 12.00 | ?12.12 | +0.12 | ?1.0％ |
| 13.00 | ?12.91 | -0.09 | ?0.7％ |
| 14.00 | ?13.94 | -0.06 | ?0.4％ |
| 15.00 | ?15.09 | +0.09 | ?0.6％ |
| 16.00 | ?15.99 | -0.01 | ?0.06％ |
| 17.00 | ?17.10 | +0.10 | ?0.6％ |
| 18.00 | ?18.09 | +0.09 | ?0.5％ |
| 19.00 | ?19.07 | +0.07 | ?0.4％ |
| 20.00 | ?19.99 | -0.01 | ?0.05％ |
Adopt linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument of the present invention and measuring method thereof through the material level of cement in the feed bin is tested, (as shown in Figure 4) the test material level is hundreds of times, instrument is working properly, stable performance, compare with prior art ultrasound wave level-sensing device, overcome the influence of abominable industrial environment, its measuring accuracy is up to 1%.
Claims (7)
1. a linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument comprises microwave subsystem (12) and signal Processing subsystem (13), and wherein microwave subsystem (12) contains the microwave source (2) that is connected on the circulator (3), and circulator (3) is connected with emitting antenna (4); Contain the CPU treatment circuit (9) that is connected with keyboard (11) and display (10) in the signal Processing subsystem (13), it is characterized in that the microwave source (2) in the microwave subsystem (12) has frequency modulator (1), the output of circulator (3) be connected to mixing/in put on the device (5), mixing/in put device (5) and be connected on the wave filter (7) in the signal Processing subsystem (13) by concentric cable (6), the output of wave filter (7) links to each other with CPU treatment circuit (9) through programmable amplifier (8).
2. linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that said microwave source (2) is the voltage-controlled field effect microwave generating source of the chirped continuous wave of emission.
3. linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that the frequency modulator (1) that has on the said microwave source (2) is a triangular modulation.
4. linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said mixing/in to put device (5) be microwave mixer.
5. linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that said wave filter (7) is that the logical frequency of band is the bandpass filter of 10K～500kHz.
6. linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar grain according to claim 1 position instrument is characterized in that said programmable amplifier (8), contains No. 4 amplifier G
1, G
10, G
100And G
400, single 8 channel multiplexers/separation vessel U41, and converter U51 and U3.
7. linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that the data acquisition circuit in the said CPU treatment circuit (9) is an analog to digital converter, and sampling clock is to be the main crystal oscillating circuit that constitutes by the CZ crystal oscillator.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99113794 CN1093257C (en) | 1999-06-18 | 1999-06-18 | Linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument and measuring method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99113794 CN1093257C (en) | 1999-06-18 | 1999-06-18 | Linear frequency-modulation continuous wave radar feed location instrument and measuring method thereof |
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| CN1243243A CN1243243A (en) | 2000-02-02 |
| CN1093257C true CN1093257C (en) | 2002-10-23 |
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Families Citing this family (13)
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| US7075480B2 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2006-07-11 | Vega Grieshaber Kg | Level measurement device having electronics and antenna in one housing |
| CN1295486C (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2007-01-17 | 太原理工大学 | Non-linear evolutional correction method for levelmeter of linear frequency-modulation radar |
| DE102011082367A1 (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-03-14 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Method for level measurement according to the transit time principle |
| CN102809573B (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2016-08-31 | 北京测威科技有限公司 | A kind of microwave probe for antiradar coatings reflectance performance in-site measurement |
| CN103674170B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2018-03-27 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | A kind of guide wave radar liquid level gauge |
| US9506796B2 (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-11-29 | Rosemount Tank Radar Ab | FMCW based guided wave radar level gauge |
| DE102016101756A1 (en) | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-03 | Vega Grieshaber Kg | Method for determining and displaying the optimum material thickness in level measurement with radar sensors |
| US10145720B2 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-12-04 | Rosemount Tank Radar Ab | FMCW radar level gauge with enhanced timing control |
| CN108919273A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-11-30 | 成都国恒空间技术工程有限公司 | A kind of distance detection system and method |
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| CN110987121B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-01-22 | 厦门四信通信科技有限公司 | Radar-based level measurement method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN110716195B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2023-12-08 | 南京理工大学 | Ranging device and method for automatic loading and unloading of undulating plane mineral products |
| CN113000802B (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2023-04-21 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Device and method for measuring thickness of casting powder in continuous casting crystallizer |
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