CN109324581B - Digital signal communication device and method based on Python language - Google Patents
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Abstract
The digital signal communication device and method based on Python language, control the host computer to control the assigned COM port through Python language program segment, circulate and obtain the switching value signal data that PLC sends after opening the serial port; carrying out binary conversion on switching value signal data sent by a PLC (programmable logic controller), and converting the obtained switching value signal data into 16 binary; carrying out character string judgment on the switching value signal data after the binary conversion; executing a mode of sending data by a designated string in a custom function of a Python language program, and performing character string type conversion on switching value signal data; and a relay interface in the process of sending the switching value signal to the PLC by the control host is appointed, and the data return module is called to control the host to send the switching value signal data to the PLC. The invention can realize the transmission of different types of digital signals between the PLC and the control host, and solves the communication and information interaction problem between a new programming and the existing industrial control system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data communication, in particular to a digital signal communication device and method based on Python language.
Background
The Python language is a powerful fourth generation computer programming language with interpretability, interactivity, and object-oriented. The Python is also a script language, has very high code development efficiency, has a powerful and rich and practical third-party standard library, and ensures that the programming becomes simple and the grammar expression of the Python language is also very beautiful and easy to read; python supports a wide range of application development, from simple word processing to Web-based development and game design applications. It is a future trend to write control programs and artificial intelligence programs in a high-level language such as python.
Data communication mainly includes two modes of parallel communication and serial communication. The parallel communication is a data transfer method in units of bytes or words, and requires control lines for data communication in addition to 8 or 16 data lines and one common line. The parallel communication has a high transmission speed, but the number of transmission lines is large, and the cost is high, and the parallel communication is generally used for data transmission in a short distance. Parallel communication is generally used inside a PLC (programmable Logic controller), such as data communication between PLC internal elements, between a PLC host and an extension module, or between a proximity intelligent module.
Serial communication is a data transmission method using binary bits (bit) as a unit, only one bit is transmitted at a time, only one data line is needed in one data transmission direction except for a ground line, the line serves as both a data line and a communication connection control line, and data and connection signals are transmitted on the line in bits. The serial communication needs few signal wires, and the minimum signal wire only needs two or three wires, so that the serial communication is suitable for occasions with longer distances. Both computers and PLCs have a universal serial communication interface, and serial communication is generally used in industrial control. Serial communication is often used for data communication between PLCs and computers, and between multiple PLCs.
In serial communication, the transmission rate is often expressed in terms of bit rate (number of binary bits transmitted per second), which is expressed in bits per second (bit/s) or bit rate (bps). The transmission rate is an important index for evaluating the communication speed. The standard transmission rates commonly used are 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200bps, and so on. The transmission rates of different serial communications are greatly different, some are only hundreds of bps, and some can reach 100 Mbps.
In the prior art, the communication method for the automated production line mainly includes data exchange between the PLC and the PLC based on the RS485 communication protocol, and data exchange between the PLC and the upper computer based on the ethernet communication protocol. The communication mode between the PLC and the computer host written based on the high-level programming language Python is still blank temporarily.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a digital signal communication device and method based on Python language, which can realize different types of digital signal transmission between a PLC and a control host and solve the problems of communication and information interaction between a new program and the existing industrial control system.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a Python language-based digital signal communication device, where the communication device includes a control host, and the control host is configured with a data cycle reading module, a binary conversion module, a character string determination module, a data type conversion module, and a data return module; the data cycle reading module is used for controlling the host to cyclically acquire switching value signal data sent by the PLC; the system conversion module is used for carrying out system conversion on switching value signal data sent by the PLC; the character string judging module is used for judging the character string of the switching value signal data after the binary conversion; the data type conversion module is used for carrying out character string type conversion on switching value signal data; the data returning module is used for controlling the host to send the switching value signal data to the PLC.
As a preferred scheme of the digital signal communication device based on the Python language, the communication device further comprises a USB interface module, the USB interface module establishes a connection relationship with the data cycle reading module and the data return module, and the USB interface module is used for controlling the host to perform data communication with the PLC.
As a preferred scheme of the digital signal communication device based on the Python language, the communication device further comprises a serial relay module, the serial relay module establishes a connection relationship with the control host through the USB interface module, and the serial relay module is used for sending a switching value signal corresponding to the relay interface through the relay interface for the control host and the PLC.
As a preferred scheme of the digital signal communication device based on the Python language, the communication device further includes a sending time setting module, the sending time setting module establishes a connection relationship with the data returning module, and the sending time setting module is configured to set a cycle time for the control host to send the switching value signal data to the PLC.
As a preferred scheme of the digital signal communication device based on the Python language, the communication device further comprises a sending interface specifying module, the sending interface specifying module establishes a connection relationship with the data returning module, and the sending interface specifying module is used for specifying a relay interface in the process of sending the switching value signal to the PLC by the control host.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a digital signal communication method based on Python language, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the control host monitors the specified COM port through a Python language program segment, and calls a data cycle reading module to cyclically acquire switching value signal data sent by the PLC after the serial port is opened;
step two: calling a binary conversion module to carry out binary conversion on the switching value signal data sent by the PLC, and converting the obtained switching value signal data into 16-ary data;
step three: calling a character string judgment module to judge the character string of the switching value signal data after the binary conversion;
step four: executing a mode of sending data by a specified string in a custom function of a Python language program, and calling a data type conversion module to perform character string type conversion on switching value signal data;
step five: the calling and sending interface appointing module appoints a relay interface in the process of sending the switching value signal to the PLC by the control host, and the calling and sending data returning module controls the control host to send the switching value signal data to the PLC.
As a preferred scheme of the digital signal communication method based on the Python language, the fifth step further includes setting a cycle time for the control host to send the switching value signal data to the PLC by calling the sending time setting module.
As a preferred scheme of the digital signal communication method based on the Python language, in the fifth step, in the process that the data backhaul module sends the switching value signal to the PLC, the Y0 or the Y1 relay interface specified by the sending interface specifying module sends the switching value signal data, and the data format adopts a 16-system data packet.
The control host is physically connected with the serial relay module through a USB interface module, the control host is communicated with the serial relay module through a COM port, the serial relay module is physically connected with the PLC, when the control host sends data to the serial relay module, the serial relay module sends switching value signal data to the PLC through a Y0 or Y1 relay interface, and when the PLC triggers a signal, a designated COM port of the serial relay module is monitored through a Python language program to obtain the switching value signal data sent by the PLC.
As a preferred scheme of the digital signal communication method based on the Python language, the control host is connected with the 8-path Serial port relay module through the USB interface module to carry out hardware physical communication, the data cycle reading module obtains a switching value signal sent by the PLC in real time in a Serial port communication mode, and controls the switching of a physically connected COM port through a program class library Serial carried by the high-level programming language Python.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: the data cycle reading module, the system conversion module, the character string judgment module, the data type conversion module, the data return module and the like based on the Python high-level language are applied to the communication with industrial hardware and the production process of an industrial system. Through connecting serial relay module can be convenient control data's output and input, realize more effectively and hardware PLC and establish efficient message interaction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Python language-based digital signal communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle that a serial relay module provided by an embodiment of the present invention adopts dry contact connection;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle that a wet contact is used for connecting a serial relay module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a Python language-based digital signal communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the Python language-based digital signal communication device includes a control host 1, where the control host 1 is configured with a data cycle reading module 2, a binary conversion module 3, a character string judgment module 4, a data type conversion module 5 and a data return module 6; the data cycle reading module 2 is used for controlling the host 1 to cyclically acquire switching value signal data sent by the PLC; the system conversion module 3 establishes a connection relation with the data cycle reading module 2, and the system conversion module 3 is used for performing system conversion on switching value signal data sent by the PLC; the character string judging module 4 establishes a connection relation with the system conversion module 3, and the character string judging module 4 is used for judging character strings of the switching value signal data after system conversion; the data type conversion module 5 establishes a connection relation with the character string judgment module 4, and the data type conversion module 5 is used for performing character string type conversion on switching value signal data; the data returning module 6 establishes a connection relation with the data type conversion module 5, and the data returning module 6 is used for controlling the host 1 to send the switching value signal data to the PLC.
In an embodiment of the digital signal communication device based on Python language, the communication device further includes a USB interface module 7, the USB interface module 7 establishes a connection relationship with the data circulation reading module 2 and the data returning module 6, and the USB interface module 7 is configured to control the host 1 to perform data communication with the PLC. The communication device further comprises a serial port relay module 8, the serial port relay module 8 is used for establishing a connection relation with the control host 1 through the USB interface module 7, and the serial port relay module 8 is used for supplying the control host 1 and the PLC to send a switching value signal corresponding to the relay interface through the relay interface. The communication device further comprises a sending time setting module 9, the sending time setting module 9 establishes a connection relation with the data returning module 6, and the sending time setting module 9 is used for setting the cycle time of the control host 1 sending the switching value signal data to the PLC. The communication device further comprises a sending interface designation module 10, the sending interface designation module 10 establishes a connection relationship with the data return module 6, and the sending interface designation module 10 is used for designating a relay interface in the process of sending the switching value signal to the PLC by the control host 1.
The serial communication in this embodiment is set as: baud rate 9600 (default), 8-bit data bit, 1-bit stop bit, no check; the form of the switching value signal data is as follows: 485 address + function code + number of data + CRC check code low + CRC check code high. In the embodiment of the invention, the control host 1 monitors the specified COM port through a Python language program segment, when the serial port is opened, the data cycle reading module 2 is called to cyclically acquire the switching value signal data sent by the PLC, the switching value signal data is acquired and converted into a 16-system, the program judges the received data character string, and other operations are executed according to the data.
The implementation code of the data conversion is as follows:
str(binascii.b2a_hex(l_serial.readline(n)),encoding＝'utf-8')
specifically, a plurality of serial relay modules 8 are controlled to output data: "210F 0000000801693C A3" (16 m), where "21" is 1 byte, representing the module address, address range: 01-FF; the '0F' occupies 1 byte, represents a function code and controls a plurality of relays to be attracted; "0000" occupies 2 bytes, represents a register address, and is used for outputting the register address; "0008" occupies 2 bytes, represents the length of the output coil, and is used for outputting 8 relays; the '01' occupies 1 byte, represents the output byte number, and is followed by the data output by 1 byte, and the '69' occupies 1 byte, is the output data, and is used for the relay to output the data; "3C A3" takes 2 bytes and represents a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Check, a CRC Check code for all previous data. And (3) returning data: 210F 00000008536D (16 ary). The output data '69' is converted into 2-system number '01101001', which corresponds to the states of 8 relay output signals Y07-Y00 from left to right, namely Y6, Y5, Y3 and Y0 are attracted, and Y1, Y2, Y4 and Y7 are disconnected. After each module of the device receives the correct command, corresponding action is carried out according to the command, and a response instruction is sent back to the control host 1 to indicate that the communication is successful.
Specifically, a single relay (write single coil) output is controlled to send: "21050000 FF 008B 5A" and "21" occupy 1 byte, and represent the module address, address range: 01-FF; "05" occupies 1 byte, represents the function code, is used for attracting a certain relay; "0000" occupies 2 bytes and represents the register address, i.e. 0000 represents the relay Y0 address; similarly 0001 represents the address of relay Y1; 0002 represents relay Y2 address; 0003 represents relay Y3 address; 0004 represents relay Y4 address; 0005 represents relay Y5 address; 0006 represents relay Y6 address; 0007 represents relay Y7 address; "FF 00" takes 2 bytes and is used for outputting data, FF00 represents the pull-in of the relay, and represents the disconnection of the relay when 0000; "8B 5A" takes 2 bytes and represents a CRC check, a CRC check code for all previous data. Returning original data: "21050000 FF 008B 5A" (16 system), after each module of the device receives the correct command, it makes corresponding action according to the command and sends the response instruction back to the control host 1, which indicates the communication is successful.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a Python language-based digital signal communication method, where the communication method includes the following steps:
s1: the control host 1 monitors the specified COM port through a Python language program segment, and calls the data cycle reading module 2 to circularly acquire switching value signal data sent by the PLC after the serial port is opened;
s2: calling a binary conversion module 3 to carry out binary conversion on the switching value signal data sent by the PLC, and converting the obtained switching value signal data into 16-ary data;
s3: calling a character string judgment module 4 to judge the character string of the switching value signal data after the binary conversion;
s4: executing a mode of sending data by a specified string in a custom function of a Python language program, and calling a data type conversion module 5 to perform character string type conversion on switching value signal data;
s5: the calling and sending interface designation module 10 designates a relay interface in the process of sending the switching value signal to the PLC by the control host 1, and the calling data return module 6 controls the host 1 to send the switching value signal data to the PLC.
In an embodiment of the Python language-based digital signal communication method, in the step S5, the calling sending time setting module 9 is further configured to set a cycle time for the control host 1 to send the switching value signal data to the PLC, where the cycle time is set to 1S in this embodiment. In the process of sending the switching value signal to the PLC by the data backhaul module 6, the Y0 or Y1 relay interface specified by the sending interface specifying module 10 sends the switching value signal data, and the data format adopts a 16-system data packet. Control host 1 and serial relay module 8 pass through USB interface module 7 physical connection, control host 1 produces the communication through COM mouth and serial relay module 8, serial relay module 8 and PLC physics link to each other, when control host 1 sends data to serial relay module 8, serial relay module 8 sends switching value signal data for PLC through Y0 or Y1 relay interface, when PLC trigger signal, obtain the switching value signal data that PLC sent through Python language program monitoring serial relay module 8's appointed COM mouth. The control host 1 is connected with the 8-channel Serial port relay module 8 through the USB interface module 7 to perform hardware physical communication, the data circulation reading module 2 acquires a switching value signal sent by the PLC in real time in a Serial port communication mode, and controls the switching of the physically connected COM port through a program class library Serial carried by a high-level programming language Python. The program library Serial encapsulates access to the Serial port and supports different byte sizes, stop bits, check bits and flow control settings. There may or may not be a receive timeout. File-like APIs (Application Programming Interface), such as read and write, also support read stream read data, etc. Binary transmission is supported, zero value elimination is avoided, and line feed conversion is avoided.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. Digital signal communication device based on Python language which characterized in that: the communication device comprises a control host (1), wherein the control host (1) is provided with a data cycle reading module (2), a system conversion module (3), a character string judgment module (4), a data type conversion module (5) and a data return module (6); the data cycle reading module (2) is used for controlling the host (1) to cyclically acquire switching value signal data sent by the PLC; the system conversion module (3) is connected with the data cycle reading module (2) in a connection manner, and the system conversion module (3) is used for carrying out system conversion on switching value signal data sent by the PLC; the character string judging module (4) is connected with the system conversion module (3) in a connection mode, and the character string judging module (4) is used for judging character strings of the switching value signal data after system conversion; the data type conversion module (5) is connected with the character string judgment module (4) in a connection mode, and the data type conversion module (5) is used for carrying out character string type conversion on switching value signal data; the data returning module (6) is connected with the data type conversion module (5) in a connection mode, and the data returning module (6) is used for controlling the host (1) to send the switching value signal data to the PLC;
the communication device further comprises a USB interface module (7), the USB interface module (7) establishes a connection relation with the data cycle reading module (2) and the data returning module (6), and the USB interface module (7) is used for controlling the host (1) to carry out data communication with the PLC;
the communication device further comprises a serial port relay module (8), the serial port relay module (8) is connected with the control host (1) through the USB interface module (7), and the serial port relay module (8) is used for enabling the control host (1) and the PLC to send switching value signals corresponding to the relay interface through the relay interface;
the control host 1 monitors a specified COM port through a Python language program segment, calls the data cycle reading module 2 to cyclically acquire switching value signal data sent by the PLC after a serial port is opened, acquires the switching value signal data and converts the switching value signal data into a 16-system number, and the program judges a received data character string and executes operation according to the data;
and controlling a plurality of serial port relay modules 8 to output data and controlling the output of a single relay.
2. A Python language-based digital signal communication device according to claim 1, wherein: the communication device further comprises a sending time setting module (9), the sending time setting module (9) is connected with the data returning module (6), and the sending time setting module (9) is used for setting the cycle time of the control host (1) sending the switching value signal data to the PLC.
3. A Python language-based digital signal communication device according to claim 1, wherein: the communication device further comprises a sending interface designation module (10), the sending interface designation module (10) establishes a connection relation with the data return module (6), and the sending interface designation module (10) is used for designating a relay interface in the process of sending a switching value signal to the PLC by the control host (1).
4. The digital signal communication method based on Python language is characterized in that: the communication method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the control host (1) monitors the specified COM port through a Python language program segment, and calls the data cycle reading module (2) to cyclically acquire switching value signal data sent by the PLC after the serial port is opened;
step two: a binary conversion module (3) is called to carry out binary conversion on the switching value signal data sent by the PLC, and the obtained switching value signal data is converted into 16 binary;
step three: calling a character string judgment module (4) to judge the character string of the switching value signal data after the binary conversion;
step four: executing a mode of sending data by a specified string in a custom function of a Python language program, and calling a data type conversion module (5) to perform character string type conversion on switching value signal data;
step five: a calling and sending interface designation module (10) designates a relay interface in the process of sending the switching value signal to the PLC by the control host (1), and a calling data return module (6) controls the control host (1) to send the switching value signal data to the PLC;
the control host (1) is physically connected with the serial relay module (8) through the USB interface module (7), the control host (1) is communicated with the serial relay module (8) through a COM port, the serial relay module (8) is physically connected with a PLC, when the control host (1) sends data to the serial relay module (8), the serial relay module (8) sends switching value signal data to the PLC through a Y0 or Y1 relay interface, and when the PLC triggers a signal, the designated COM port of the serial relay module (8) is monitored through a Python language program to obtain the switching value signal data sent by the PLC;
the control host (1) is connected with an 8-path Serial port relay module (8) through a USB interface module (7) to carry out hardware physical communication, the data cycle reading module (2) acquires a switching value signal sent by the PLC in real time in a Serial port communication mode, and controls the switching of a physically connected COM port through a program class library Serial of a high-level programming language Python;
the control host 1 monitors a specified COM port through a Python language program segment, calls the data cycle reading module 2 to cyclically acquire switching value signal data sent by the PLC after a serial port is opened, acquires the switching value signal data and converts the switching value signal data into a 16-system number, and the program judges a received data character string and executes operation according to the data;
and controlling a plurality of serial port relay modules 8 to output data and controlling the output of a single relay.
5. The Python language-based digital signal communication method according to claim 4, wherein: and the fifth step also comprises the step of calling a sending time setting module (9) to set the cycle time of the switching value signal data sent to the PLC by the control host (1).
6. The Python language-based digital signal communication method according to claim 4, wherein: in the fifth step, in the process that the data returning module (6) sends the switching value signal to the PLC, the Y0 or Y1 relay interface specified by the interface specification module (10) sends the switching value signal data, and the data format adopts a 16-system data packet.
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