CN109324048A - A kind of measurement method of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase partition characteristic of hydrojet - Google Patents
A kind of measurement method of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase partition characteristic of hydrojet Download PDFInfo
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- CN109324048A CN109324048A CN201811167718.4A CN201811167718A CN109324048A CN 109324048 A CN109324048 A CN 109324048A CN 201811167718 A CN201811167718 A CN 201811167718A CN 109324048 A CN109324048 A CN 109324048A
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8405—Application to two-phase or mixed materials, e.g. gas dissolved in liquids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measurement methods of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase of hydrojet partition characteristic between drop and wet granular.It is characterized in that, by with spray coating method in one layer of reversible heat-sensible allochroic paint of SiC p surface plating, it is combined high speed camera and thermal infrared imager sync pulse jamming hydrojet and grain fluidized process, it is varied with temperature and the characteristic of reversible color based on particle surface thermo colour, and the different imaging characteristics of dry particl, drop and wet granular on high speed camera and thermal infrared imager, to dry particl group, droplet cluster and wet granular group is effectively distinguished and Dynamic Recognition, and comparing calculation obtains liquid phase partition characteristic.The measurement method of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase partition characteristic of the hydrojet provided according to the present invention, can conveniently, accurately and real-time obtain hydrojet it is gas-solid fluidized bed in liquid phase distribute information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement method of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase partition characteristic of hydrojet, more particularly to it is a kind of with can
Backheating sensitive allochromatic material is combined sync pulse jamming as tracer, by high speed camera and thermal infrared imager, at image optimization
Reason means effectively identify the measurement method of liquid phase partition characteristic between drop and wet granular.
Technical background
The addition of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid of hydrojet generates very important influence to industrial production.Kuipers
(Chemical Engineering Science, 2016,155:277-293) seminar has been investigated micro using thermal infrared imager
The influence that liquid is distributed bed temperature, and observe temperature field cold spot caused by particle band liquid.Industrially, when to frozen state
After the fluidized-bed reactors such as vinyl polymerization, catalytic cracking, fluid coking, fluidization granulation introduce liquid phase, it will be formed and be atomized in bed
Two kinds of liquid phase forms of distribution of drop and wet granular, respective distribution directly affect reactor yield and product quality.Example
Such as in fluidized coking process, that liquid phase is dispersed on hot Coal Char Particles is better, wet granular ratio is higher, and reactor yield is bigger.
In frozen state ethene polymerization process, hydrojet area can reserve motion because presenting due to by liquid injection and gas-solid fluidized Collaborative Control
The characteristic of state distribution, moment decide active particle shuttle macroscopic view polymerization environment experienced when reactor.At the same time, cold
Solidifying medium drop and wet granular play different adjustment effects to microcosmic polymerization environment respectively: drop evaporation changes gas phase atmosphere
It encloses, particle holds liquid and changes the monomer concentration at active site and delay active release.It can be seen that liquid phase distribution character point
Cloth characteristic has conclusive effect for polymerization environment, and then makes a significant impact on polymerizate.
(Chemical Engineering Science, 2014,116:317330) seminar thinks to divide liquid
Drop is most important with regulation of the wet granular active region to fluidized bed prilling quality, and using conducting probe as detection means, utilizes γ-
Al2O3The porosity of particle makes to be attached to the liquid of particle surface and is absorbed by duct without exciting conductance signal rapidly, and drop with
Probe collision then generates conductance signal response, thus measures the distribution of drop active region point by point.The disadvantages of the method are as follows working as particle
When reaching saturation water suction or the increase of hydrojet flow rate, the detection of wet granular area and drop zone will be obscured.
Therefore, although fluidized bed hydrojet area includes two kinds of liquid forms of drop and wet granular, most documents can not also
Illustrate partition characteristic and distribution characteristics of the liquid between both forms.In consideration of it, the invention proposes one kind with reversible heat-sensible
Off-color material is identified using high speed camera and thermal infrared imager sync pulse jamming by image optimization processing means as tracer
The measurement method of liquid phase partition characteristic between drop and wet granular.
Summary of the invention
The problem of can not being obtained the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase partition characteristic of hydrojet,
One kind is provided to survey in real time based on liquid phase partition characteristic associated with reversible heat-sensible coating color-changing and high speed camera/thermal infrared imager
Amount method.The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
Step 1: reversible heat-sensible coating is coated in by granule materials surface by spray coating method；
Step 2: fluidisation experiment is carried out in the transparent or Fluidized Bed With Liquid Spray device with transparent window of antetheca；
Step 3: the Fluidized Bed With Liquid Spray transparent for the antetheca, combination high speed camera is synchronous with thermal infrared imager to be clapped
Take the photograph fluid mapper process；For the Fluidized Bed With Liquid Spray with transparent window, it is combined endoscope type high speed camera and infrared thermal imagery
Instrument sync pulse jamming fluid mapper process；
Step 4: the color change interval that the high speed camera takes is wet granular group, and non-discolouring region is dry particl group+liquid
Group is dripped, the low-temperature region that the thermal infrared imager takes is wet granular group+droplet cluster, and high-temperature area is dry particl group, accordingly,
Processing is optimized to the shooting image and compares analysis, obtains liquid phase partition characteristic between drop and wet granular.
Wherein, selected reversible heat-sensible coating need to meet that sensitive to temperature-responsive, heat-resist, stability is strong, discoloration
The big equal requirement of color difference, and discoloring temperature need to be with hydrojet area Temperature Distribution, heat-transfer character matches.The reversible heat-sensible coating choosing
With the organic reversible heat-sensible coating of microencapsulation, the reversible heat-sensible coating be based on atom hybrid state convert or soda acid change mechanism and it is fast
Fast heat discoloration.In spraying, particle is placed in the closed chamber of a front opening, using spray gun first to particle side
It is sprayed, the particle other side is carried out after to be dried to repeat spraying.
Preferably, the reversible heat-sensible coating by color change difference can be divided into it is coloured-have color change and colored-colorless
Variation.Preferably, the discoloring temperature range of the reversible heat-sensible coating is 5~78 DEG C.
Particle coated with reversible heat-sensible coating varies with temperature and reversible color, when particle holds liquid and adjoint in hydrojet area
When liquid film evaporation, particle will change colour because surface temperature reduces；When particle is in non-hydrojet area, dry tack free, particle by because
Surface temperature is higher and keeps primary colors.In addition, though droplet cluster has temperature to reduce but color change is not presented in hydrojet area.Accordingly,
The color change interval that high speed camera captures is wet granular group, and non-discolouring region is dry particl group+droplet cluster, and thermal infrared imager is caught
The low-temperature region grasped is droplet cluster+wet granular group, and high-temperature area is dry particl group.According to dry particl, drop, wet granular in height
Different imaging characteristics on fast camera and thermal infrared imager are carried out pair by shooting result of the image processing software to two cameras
Than analysis.Specifically:
After obtaining high speed camera image, first Set scale ruler is needed, interpretation area and step-length are reset.Since image is picture
The two-dimensional grid of plain intensity value, the width and height of image are defined by the pixel quantity on row and column direction, and therefore, pixel is
The single component of minimum of image.According to this definition, image is changed into 8-bit value, that is, there are 256 tonal gradations.Conversion
After 8-bit gray level image, by according to linear scale, adjusting the comparison of image from gray scale minimum to maximum (0-255)
Degree and brightness.Since background board color differs larger with grain color, adjustment contrast and brightness after can significantly by
Background is separated with fluidization regions.Further, respectively using the color of the color of full bed wet granular and dry particl as benchmark (herein
Color references by doing blank assay acquisition, i.e., to wet granular fluidisation take pictures resulting picture and dry particl fluidisation take pictures gained
Picture on obtain wet, dry particl color references), adjust threshold value, mark wet granular.Wherein, since set threshold value needs to meet
Dry particl on every photo, wet granular can be differentiated, so the strength definition of threshold value are as follows: threshold=(average
background+average objects)/2.Lower threshold (55) and upper limit threshold (155) can be set using the method,
Gray level image is divided into required feature (wet granular region) and background (background refers to dry particl region herein).Finally, right
The wet granular marked is counted, and statistical result includes wet granular group's area S1, wet granular number.
High-temperature region (dry particl group) and low-temperature space (droplet cluster and wet granular group) are distinguished by thermal infrared imager, to low temperature
Area carries out area statistics, obtains low-temperature space area S2, by the low-temperature space area S of thermal infrared imager acquisition2Subtract the wet granular face
Product S1, obtain droplet cluster area S3, i.e. S3=S2-S1.Therefore, hydrojet it is gas-solid fluidized bed in the form of droplet cluster existing for liquid phase ratio
Example is S3/S2, in the form of wet granular group existing for liquid phase ratio be S1/S2。
Compared with prior art, characteristic of the invention and beneficial effect are:
The present invention can obtain real-time dynamic allocation information of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase of hydrojet between drop and wet granular,
This is that other current measurement means cannot achieve.Measurement result is simplation verification, flowing law characterization and industrial operation provide
Important basic data.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is measuring device schematic diagram of the invention, wherein 1 is fluidized bed plant, 2 be computer, and 3 be high speed camera, and 4 are
Thermal infrared imager.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: use the wide 12cm of 1 main part of fluidized bed plant, high 56cm, thickness 1.6cm, fluidized bed side wall every
10cm is inserted into a heating rod, using being screwed.Heating rod voltage is 220V, and heating power is 200W/ root, and by thermocouple
Control.Nozzle meets the good requirement of atomizing effect, and processing dimension is fixed in 8mm~10mm using rubber stopper, at nozzle and nozzle
It is threadedly coupled, nozzle opening is at the inner sidewall 8cm, 12cm above distribution grid, and shell top nozzle to pipeline due to that will add guarantor
Warm structure.The high 150mm of gas distributing chamber in fluidized bed, thick 16mm, the glass particle of inside filling 4mm or so.
17cm high bed particle is placed in bed, wherein particle is polyethylene of the particle size range in 1~1.25mm
Grain, density 0.9g/cm3, polyethylene particle surface is applied with the reversible alternating temperature dyeing that spraying technology coats Guangzhou Jing Cai company
Material, coating is purple when temperature is lower than 22 DEG C, and temperature takes on a red color at 22~45 DEG C, in colourless when temperature is higher than 45 DEG C.Stream
Change the air for leading in bed and heating in advance, gas velocity is 2.5 times of minimum fluidizing velocities, Ql=12ml/min, fluidized-bed temperature setting
It is 85 DEG C.It is combined high speed camera 3 and 4 synchronous recording of thermal infrared imager fluidizes the image after stablizing.
After the image for obtaining high-speed camera shooting, first Set scale ruler is needed, interpretation area and step-length are reset.Due to
Image is the two-dimensional grid of pixel intensity value, and the width and height of image are defined by the pixel quantity on row and column direction, because
This, pixel is the single component of minimum of image.According to this definition, image is changed into 8-bit value, that is, there are 256 gray scales
Grade.After being converted to 8-bit gray level image, by the way that from gray scale minimum to maximum (0-255), according to linear scale, adjustment is schemed
The contrast and brightness of picture.Further, using the color of the color of full bed wet granular and dry particl as benchmark, by correcting image
Wet granular and dry particl are clearlyed distinguish out.Threshold value is adjusted, wet granular is marked.Wherein, the strength definition of threshold value are as follows:
Threshold=(average background+average objects)/2.Lower threshold can be set using the method
(125) and upper limit threshold (155) gray level image, is divided into required feature and background.Finally, wet that statistics is marked
Grain product is 126cm2。
High-temperature region (dry particl group) and low-temperature space (droplet cluster and wet granular group) are distinguished by thermal infrared imager 4, to low
Warm area carries out area statistics, obtains low-temperature space area 230cm2, the low-temperature space area that thermal infrared imager acquires is subtracted described wet
Particle area, obtaining droplet cluster area is 230-126=104cm2.Therefore, the hydrojet of the embodiment it is gas-solid fluidized bed in, liquid phase
The ratio for being assigned to droplet cluster is 0.45, and the ratio for being assigned to wet granular group is 0.55.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of measurement method of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase of hydrojet partition characteristic between drop and wet granular, which is characterized in that
It the described method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: reversible heat-sensible coating is coated in by granule materials surface by spray coating method；
Step 2: fluidisation experiment is carried out in the transparent or Fluidized Bed With Liquid Spray device with transparent window of antetheca；
Step 3: the Fluidized Bed With Liquid Spray transparent for the antetheca is combined high speed camera and thermal infrared imager sync pulse jamming stream
Change process；For the Fluidized Bed With Liquid Spray with transparent window, it is combined endoscope type high speed camera and thermal infrared imager is same
Step shooting fluid mapper process；
Step 4: the color change interval that the high speed camera takes is wet granular group, and non-discolouring region is dry particl group+drop
Group, the low-temperature region that the thermal infrared imager takes are wet granular group+droplet cluster, and high-temperature area is dry particl group, accordingly, right
The shooting image optimizes processing and compares analysis, obtains liquid phase partition characteristic between drop and wet granular.
2. the survey of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase of hydrojet phase partitioning characteristic between drop and wet granular according to claim 1
Amount method, which is characterized in that the organic of reversible heat-sensible coating selection microencapsulation in one the step of the measurement method can backheating
Quick coating, the reversible heat-sensible coating quick heat discoloration based on the conversion of atom hybrid state or soda acid change mechanism.
3. measurement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reversible heat-sensible coating presses color change not
With can be divided into it is coloured-have color change and colored-colorless variation.
4. the measurement of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase of hydrojet partition characteristic between drop and wet granular according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the color change interval of the reversible heat-sensible coating is 5~78 DEG C.
5. the measurement of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase of hydrojet partition characteristic between drop and wet granular according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that when being sprayed in step 1, particle is placed in the closed chamber of a front opening, using spray gun
Particle side is sprayed first, the particle other side is carried out after to be dried to repeat spraying.
6. the measurement of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase of hydrojet partition characteristic between drop and wet granular according to claim 1
Method, high speed camera and thermal infrared imager need sync pulse jamming.
7. the measurement of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase of hydrojet partition characteristic between drop and wet granular according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that step four concrete operations are as follows:
1) after obtaining high speed camera image, by adjusting contrast and brightness, make dry particl, wet granular contrast difference most
Greatly, the color of the color and dry particl of full bed wet granular adjusts threshold value, marks wet granular as benchmark using in blank assay respectively
Line number go forward side by side according to statistics, statistical result includes wet granular group's area S1, wet granular number；
2) high-temperature region and low-temperature space are distinguished by thermal infrared imager, area statistics is carried out to low-temperature space, obtain low-temperature space area
S2, by the low-temperature space area S of thermal infrared imager acquisition2Subtract the wet granular group area S1, obtain droplet cluster area S3, i.e. S3=
S2-S1；Therefore, hydrojet it is gas-solid fluidized bed in the form of droplet cluster existing for liquid phase ratio be S3/S2, deposited in the form of wet granular group
Liquid phase ratio be S1/S2。
8. the measurement of the gas-solid fluidized bed middle liquid phase of hydrojet partition characteristic between drop and wet granular according to claim 7
Method, it is characterised in that the step 1) specifically:
Image is changed into 8-bit value, that is, there are 256 tonal gradations；By by gray scale from minimum to maximum according to line
Property scaling, adjust the contrast and brightness of image, distinguish background and fluidisation area；Respectively with bed wet granular complete in blank assay
The color of color and dry particl opens wet granular and dry particl resolution as benchmark, by correction image；Threshold value is adjusted, to wet
Grain is marked, and counts wet granular group area and wet granular number.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111982462A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Plate-shell type heat exchanger experimental device |
| CN112973586A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-06-18 | 创志科技(江苏)股份有限公司 | Fluidized bed comprehensive monitoring system and method for tracking particle and spray motion |
| CN113945559A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-18 | 天津大学 | Method for detecting local phase content of gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed |
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