CN109317644A - A kind of preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner Download PDF

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CN109317644A
CN109317644A CN201811210176.4A CN201811210176A CN109317644A CN 109317644 A CN109317644 A CN 109317644A CN 201811210176 A CN201811210176 A CN 201811210176A CN 109317644 A CN109317644 A CN 109317644A
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holey
preparation
based composite
composite liner
tib
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CN109317644B (en
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李烨飞
陈志�
郑巧玲
陈璐
王娟
郑开宏
高义民
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Xian Jiaotong University
Guangdong Institute of Materials and Processing
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Xian Jiaotong University
Guangdong Institute of Materials and Processing
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/04—Casting by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/02—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making reinforced articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/114—Making porous workpieces or articles the porous products being formed by impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/005—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides comprising a particular metallic binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner, by TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder is added in deionized water after mixing with additive and obtained ceramic slurry suspension is sufficiently stirred；Organic Foam Material is immersed in ceramic slurry again, it is then that the Organic Foam Material after dipping is dry, holey TiB is obtained after high temperature sintering is handled2+ Ti (C, N) precast body, finally using technology of infiltration casting to the holey TiB of preparation2+ Ti (C, N) precast body is poured steel substrate material metal liquid, and holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner is obtained after cooling and demolding.It is improved by composite liner coefficient of friction prepared by the method, reinforced phase is evenly distributed in matrix, and intensity and toughness enhancing, service life improve.

Description

A kind of preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner
Technical field
The invention belongs to wear-resistant material preparation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based is compound The preparation method of liner plate.
Background technique
Cylinder lining plate of ball mill is used to protect cylinder, so that cylinder is directly impacted and is rubbed from abrasive body and material, simultaneously Also have an impact to the characteristics of motion of abrasive body, can use various forms of liner plates to adjust the motion state of abrasive body, to increase Strong pulverization of the abrasive body to material, helps to improve the mill efficiency of ball mill, increases yield, reduces metal consumption.It is more The netted TiB in hole2Ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner is that wear-resistant material is carried out to metallurgical smelting by way of casting, is cast out New material with impact-resistant and high-wear-resistant performance.
Existing composite liner is mainly prepared using whole cast iron materials preparation or composite material.There are rub resistances The disadvantages of property is poor, and frictional wear amount is larger, and intensity and hardness are lower, and service life is short.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing a kind of holey The preparation method of ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner, makes the abrasive wear resistant weld deposit performance of composite material be further enhanced.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner, by TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder and addition It is added in deionized water after agent mixing and obtained ceramic slurry is sufficiently stirred；Organic Foam Material is immersed in ceramic slurry again, so It is afterwards that the Organic Foam Material after dipping is dry, holey TiB is obtained after high temperature sintering is handled2+ Ti (C, N) precast body, most Afterwards using technology of infiltration casting to the holey TiB of preparation2+ Ti (C, N) precast body is poured steel substrate material metal liquid, through cooling Holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner is obtained after demoulding.
Optionally, TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder accounts for the 70~85% of ceramic slurry gross mass, and it is total that additive accounts for ceramic slurry The 5~20% of quality, deionized water accounts for 10~25%.
Optionally, additive includes ferrochrome powder, ammonium citrate, carboxymethyl cellulose and silica solution.
Further, ferrochrome powder accounts for the 65~85% of additive quality, and ammonium citrate accounts for the 3~8% of additive quality, carboxylic Methylcellulose accounts for the 4~8% of additive quality, and silica solution accounts for the 8~25% of additive quality.
Optionally, Organic Foam Material is flexibel polyurethane, takes out and squeezes after impregnating 1~5min in ceramic slurry suspension Additional size out.
Further, the aperture of flexibel polyurethane is 5~50PPI.
Optionally, high temperature sintering is handled specifically: rises to 600~800 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 1~2 DEG C/min And 30~60min is kept the temperature, 1000~1200 DEG C then are warming up to the heating rate of 5~10 DEG C/min, then with 2~5 DEG C/min Heating rate rise to 1550~1600 DEG C of 1~3h of sintering, furnace cooling obtains holey TiB2+ Ti (C, N) precast body.
Optionally, steel substrate material metal liquid is the chromium alloy cast iron for manufacturing wear-resistant material.
Further, molten metal include the following: by mass percentage Cr account for 15%, C account for 3.1~3.2%, Mo account for 1~ 1.5%, Si account for 0.5~1.0%, Mn and account for 0.6~0.7%, and surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that
A kind of preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner of the present invention, prepares porous ceramics enhancing gold The reinforced phase of metal-matrix composite material is selected as TiB2+ Ti (C, N) ceramics, enhancement method are tridimensional network enhancing, TiB2+Ti (C, N) ceramics and other enhancing ceramic phases are than same with high-melting-point, high rigidity, high stability, high antioxidant and wear-resistant The features such as；TiB2+ Ti (C, N) ceramics are good with the wetability of iron liquid, will not directly react, can form the boundary being well combined Face；TiB2+ Ti (C, N) and iron have the thermal expansion coefficient to match, are not easy to form crackle in composite material preparation process；Separately Outside, the enhancement method of reinforcement is tridimensional network enhancing, and matrix and reinforcement are continuous structure, and the two is mutually about Beam supports each other, does not have to consider the problems of that reinforced phase is uniformly distributed in matrix compared with particles reiforced metal-base composition, Such composite material has isotropism compared with fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite.
Further, TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder accounts for the 70~85% of ceramic slurry gross mass, and additive accounts for ceramic slurry The 5~20% of gross mass, deionized water account for 10~25%, and the solid content of ceramic slurry is higher at this time, are conducive to holding when dipping Higher hanging amount.
Further, the addition of ferrochrome powder is that it is certain to guarantee that sintered porous ceramics has as high temperature sintering auxiliary agent Intensity；The addition of ammonium citrate is to guarantee that powder is uniformly dispersed in the slurry as slurry dispersing agent, will not quickly reunite or Sedimentation；The addition of carboxymethyl cellulose is as rheological agent to guarantee that it is uniform can to flow into foam Interior realization for slurry when impregnating Hanging, can quickly lose flowability in the short time again when squeezing out additional size makes slurry curing；The addition of silica solution is as low Warm sintering aid, to guarantee that porous ceramics is able to maintain its skeleton structure without collapsing before the fusing point that sintering temperature reaches iron.
Further, ferrochrome powder accounts for the 65~85% of additive quality, the porous ceramics being sintered out intensity with higher And will not the elevated temperature strength to the composite material of subsequent preparation will not generate large effect；Ammonium citrate accounts for additive quality 3~8%, the dispersibility of slurry is preferable at this time；Carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for the 4~8% of additive quality, at this time the mobility of slurry It is preferable with thixotropy；Silica solution accounts for the 8~25% of additive quality, can guarantee that porous ceramic skeleton does not collapse in sintering process.
Further, Organic Foam Material is flexibel polyurethane, with three-dimensional open pores structure, aperture it is suitable, with certain Hydrophily has enough resiliences, and its carbonization temperature is lower than sintering temperature, and reaction product is free from environmental pollution and will not be to more The performance of hole ceramic generates biggish negative effect.
Further, the aperture of flexibel polyurethane is 5~50PPI, can choose the polyurethane of different pore size as needed, is made The standby porous ceramics for providing different pore size.
Further, in high-temperature sintering process, ferrochrome powder can be molten into liquid, fill TiB2+ Ti (C, N) is circumgranular The consistency of porous ceramics is improved in gap.
Further, predominantly Fe and TiB in the holey precast body prepared in the present invention2+ Ti (C, N), the two are Diffusion bond.In the composite material that precast body obtains after casting, TiB2Chemistry occurs for the interface of+Ti (C, N) and iron matrix Reaction, there is TiC, Fe2Ti and Ti3B4Equal products generate, and substantially increase the bond strength of composite material interface.
Further, so that reinforced phase is evenly distributed in the base, improve the interface bond strength of composite liner.
In conclusion composite liner coefficient of friction prepared by the present invention is high, reinforced phase is evenly distributed in matrix, intensity and Toughness enhancing, service life improve.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is composite liner schematic diagram prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
A kind of preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
S1, by TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder and additive are added into deionized water and stir to obtain ceramic slurry Pulp suspension；
Additive includes ferrochrome powder, ammonium citrate, carboxymethyl cellulose and silica solution；T TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder accounts for pottery The 70~85% of porcelain slurry gross mass, additive accounts for the 5~20% of ceramic slurry gross mass, and deionized water accounts for 10~25%；Chromium Iron powder accounts for the 65~85% of additive quality, and ammonium citrate accounts for the 3~8% of additive quality, and carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for additive The 4~8% of quality, silica solution account for the 8~25% of additive quality.
S2, the Organic Foam Material for choosing suitable aperture, are immersed in ceramic slurry suspension, take out and squeeze after 1~5min Additional size out；
Organic Foam Material is the flexibel polyurethane in the aperture 5~50PPI.
S3, the Organic Foam Material after dipping is dried, in a vacuum furnace from room temperature with the heating rate liter of 1~2 DEG C/min To 600~800 DEG C and 30~60min is kept the temperature, is then warming up to 1000~1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5~10 DEG C/min, then 1550~1600 DEG C of 1~3h of sintering are risen to the heating rate of 2~5 DEG C/min, furnace cooling obtains holey precast body；
S4, end face or the working face that precast body is fixed on to casting mold are poured steel substrate material metal using technology of infiltration casting Liquid obtains composite liner after cooling and demolding.
Molten metal is the chromium alloy cast iron for manufacturing wear-resistant material, and ingredient includes the following: that Cr is accounted for by mass percentage 15%, C, which account for 3.1~3.2%, Mo and account for 1~1.5%, Si and account for 0.5~1.0%, Mn, accounts for 0.6~0.7%, and surplus is Fe and other Inevitable impurity.
The matrices of composite material and reinforcement that the present invention obtains are continuous structure, and the two mutually constrains, and supports each other, energy The abrasive wear resistant weld deposit performance for enough improving composite material guarantees that liner plate has longer service life.
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being described and shown in usually here in attached drawing is real The component for applying example can be arranged and be designed by a variety of different configurations.Therefore, below to the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings The detailed description of embodiment be not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but be merely representative of of the invention selected Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without creative efforts The every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, ball grinding machine lining board the preparation method is as follows:
1) firstly, by 99.4g TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder, 42.6g ferrochrome powder, 1.42g ammonium citrate and 0.71g carboxymethyl Cellulose is added into 32mL deionized water and is added 8mL silica solution, stirs to obtain ceramic slurry suspension；
2) it is extra secondly, choosing the flexible polyurethane foams of 5PPI, to be immersed in ceramic slurry, take out after 2min and squeeze out Slurry；
3) after the Organic Foam Material after dipping being dried, then in a vacuum furnace from room temperature with the heating rate liter of 1 DEG C/min To 600 DEG C and 50min is kept the temperature, is then warming up to 1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, then with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min 1550 DEG C of sintering 1h are risen to, furnace cooling obtains holey precast body；
4) precast body is fixed on to end face or the working face of casting mold, steel substrate material metal is poured using technology of infiltration casting Liquid obtains composite liner after cooling and demolding.
Embodiment 2: roller mill liner plate
1) firstly, by 84g TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder, 36g ferrochrome powder, 1.42g ammonium citrate and 0.71g carboxymethyl cellulose Element is added into 32mL deionized water and 8mL silica solution is added, and stirs to obtain ceramic slurry suspension；
2) it secondly, choosing the flexible polyurethane foams of 15PPI, is immersed in ceramic slurry, takes out and squeeze out more after 3min Remaining slurry material；
3) after the Organic Foam Material after dipping being dried, then in a vacuum furnace from room temperature with the heating rate liter of 2 DEG C/min To 650 DEG C and 60min is kept the temperature, is then warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min, then with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min 1550 DEG C of sintering 3h are risen to, furnace cooling obtains holey precast body；
4) precast body is fixed on to end face or the working face of casting mold, steel substrate material metal is poured using technology of infiltration casting Liquid obtains composite liner after cooling and demolding.
Embodiment 3: column mill liner plate
1) firstly, by 72.1g TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder, 30.9g ferrochrome powder, 1.42g ammonium citrate and 0.71g carboxymethyl Cellulose is added into 32mL deionized water and is added 8mL silica solution, stirs to obtain ceramic slurry suspension；
2) it secondly, choosing the flexible polyurethane foams of 20PPI, is immersed in ceramic slurry, takes out and squeeze out more after 1min Remaining slurry material；
3) after the Organic Foam Material after dipping being dried, then in a vacuum furnace from room temperature with the heating rate liter of 1 DEG C/min To 700 DEG C and 45min is kept the temperature, is then warming up to 1100 DEG C with the heating rate of 7.5 DEG C/min, then with the heating speed of 4 DEG C/min Rate rises to 1600 DEG C of sintering 2h, and furnace cooling obtains holey precast body；
4) precast body is fixed on to end face or the working face of casting mold, steel substrate material metal is poured using technology of infiltration casting Liquid obtains composite liner after cooling and demolding.
Embodiment 4: autogenous tumbling mill liner plate
1) firstly, by 99.4g TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder, 42.6g ferrochrome powder, 1.42g ammonium citrate and 0.71g carboxymethyl Cellulose is added into 32mL deionized water and is added 8mL silica solution, stirs to obtain ceramic slurry suspension；
2) it secondly, choosing the flexible polyurethane foams of 50PPI, is immersed in ceramic slurry, takes out and squeeze out more after 5min Remaining slurry material；
3) after the Organic Foam Material after dipping being dried, then in a vacuum furnace from room temperature with the heating rate liter of 2 DEG C/min To 800 DEG C and 30min is kept the temperature, is then warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, then with the heating speed of 4.5 DEG C/min Rate rises to 1600 DEG C of sintering 2.5h, and furnace cooling obtains holey precast body；
4) precast body is fixed on to end face or the working face of casting mold, steel substrate material metal is poured using technology of infiltration casting Liquid obtains composite liner after cooling and demolding.
In conclusion the composite liner wear resistance enhancing being prepared into through the invention, liner plate inside uniform force, intensity It is all improved with toughness, service life improves.
The above content is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all to press According to technical idea proposed by the present invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within claims of the present invention Protection scope within.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner, which is characterized in that by TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder End is added in deionized water after mixing with additive and obtained ceramic slurry is sufficiently stirred；Organic Foam Material is immersed in ceramic slurry again It is then that the Organic Foam Material after dipping is dry in material, holey TiB is obtained after high temperature sintering is handled2+ Ti (C, N) is pre- Body processed is finally poured steel substrate material metal liquid using holey precast body of the technology of infiltration casting to preparation, through cooling and demolding After obtain holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner.
2. the preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that TiB2+ Ti (C, N) powder accounts for the 70~85% of ceramic slurry gross mass, and additive accounts for the 5~20% of ceramic slurry gross mass, goes Ionized water accounts for 10~25%.
3. the preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist In additive includes ferrochrome powder, ammonium citrate, carboxymethyl cellulose and silica solution.
4. the preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner according to claim 3, which is characterized in that Ferrochrome powder accounts for the 65~85% of additive quality, and ammonium citrate accounts for the 3~8% of additive quality, and carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for addition The 4~8% of agent quality, silica solution account for the 8~25% of additive quality.
5. the preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Organic Foam Material is flexibel polyurethane, takes out after impregnating 1~5min in ceramic slurry suspension and squeezes out additional size.
6. the preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner according to claim 5, which is characterized in that The aperture of flexibel polyurethane is 5~50PPI.
7. the preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that High temperature sintering processing specifically: 600~800 DEG C are risen to the heating rate of 1~2 DEG C/min from room temperature and keep the temperature 30~60min, Then 1000~1200 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 5~10 DEG C/min, then are risen to the heating rate of 2~5 DEG C/min 1550~1600 DEG C of 1~3h of sintering, furnace cooling obtain holey TiB2+ Ti (C, N) precast body.
8. the preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Steel substrate material metal liquid is the chromium alloy cast iron for manufacturing wear-resistant material.
9. the preparation method of holey ceramics enhancing steel-based composite liner according to claim 8, which is characterized in that Molten metal include the following: by mass percentage Cr account for 15%, C account for 3.1~3.2%, Mo account for 1~1.5%, Si account for 0.5~ 1.0%, Mn account for 0.6~0.7%, and surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity.
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CN112077282A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-12-15 西安科技大学 TiB2Preparation method of reinforced Fe-Cr-B alloy-based composite lining plate
CN112589094A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-02 西安交通大学 High-flux preparation method of gravity infiltration composite lining plate
CN112589094B (en) * 2020-12-11 2022-04-22 西安交通大学 High-flux preparation method of gravity infiltration composite lining plate
CN114346218A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-15 沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 Casting forming method of composite configuration foam metal material
CN115044819A (en) * 2022-07-28 2022-09-13 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 High-hardness in-situ reinforced iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN115044819B (en) * 2022-07-28 2022-11-18 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 High-hardness in-situ reinforced iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof

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