CN109317107B - Egg white clay composite formaldehyde purification material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Egg white clay composite formaldehyde purification material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109317107B
CN109317107B CN201811381505.1A CN201811381505A CN109317107B CN 109317107 B CN109317107 B CN 109317107B CN 201811381505 A CN201811381505 A CN 201811381505A CN 109317107 B CN109317107 B CN 109317107B
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egg white
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white clay
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CN109317107A (en
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郑水林
刘阳钰
孙志明
贾宏伟
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/12Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
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    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
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    • B01D53/02Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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Abstract

The invention relates to an egg white clay composite formaldehyde purifying material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of non-metallic mineral materials and environmental engineering. The invention takes the opal as a carrier and amino silane as a modifier, and adds amino groups on the surface of the opal by a surface grafting modification method to prepare the egg white clay composite formaldehyde purification material. The material utilizes the strong affinity of amino groups to formaldehyde, and increases the amino groups on the surface of the opal through grafting modification on the surface of the opal, so that the capturing performance of the obtained composite material to gas formaldehyde pollutants is greatly improved, and the problem of low formaldehyde adsorption and purification capacity of natural opal is solved; in addition, the required raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the preparation process is simple, the reaction conditions are mild, and the method has a great application value in the field of indoor formaldehyde gas purification.

Description

Egg white clay composite formaldehyde purification material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an egg white clay composite formaldehyde purifying material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of non-metallic mineral materials and environmental engineering.
Background
The indoor gas pollutant in modern office, automobile and household is mainly formaldehyde which is colorless and has strong smell, has the characteristics of common pollution, long pollution time and the like, and is mainly from decorative materials, coatings, polymeric boards and adhesives in combined furniture, chemical fiber carpets and the like. Formaldehyde is a highly toxic substance that has been identified by the world health organization as a carcinogenic and teratogenic substance. The long-term formaldehyde exposure can cause chronic respiratory diseases, colon cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, brain cancer and the like, and children and pregnant women are particularly sensitive to formaldehyde and are more harmful. At present, the methods for treating formaldehyde at home and abroad mainly comprise a photocatalyst technology, a high-voltage negative ion technology, an air negative ion technology, an acid-base neutralization method, a biochemical treatment method and an adsorption method. Among them, the former 5 methods have high energy consumption, easy to cause secondary pollution and high treatment cost; whereas adsorption is applicable to almost all volatile organic compounds. Common adsorbents include activated carbon, molecular sieves, metal organic framework Materials (MOFs), mesoporous alumina materials, porous ceramic materials, and the like. However, the above adsorbents have the disadvantages of complicated preparation process, high cost, low adsorption capacity and the like. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, in recent years, many researchers at home and abroad have studied to adsorb formaldehyde gas by using natural porous minerals such as diatomaceous earth, kaolin, sepiolite, bentonite, and the like, which are abundant and cheap in reserves, as an adsorbent. The egg white soil is light shale with rich reserves, and has the characteristics of rich reserves, low price, good adsorbability, no toxicity, low density, stable chemical properties and the like. However, the natural opal has fewer functional groups on the surface, has poor affinity with formaldehyde, and has low formaldehyde saturation adsorption amount and purification efficiency.
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides an egg white high-efficiency composite formaldehyde purification material which is prepared by using egg white as a carrier and amino silane as a modifier and adding amino groups on the surface of the egg white through a surface grafting modification method.
Disclosure of Invention
The preparation method and the process steps of the opal composite formaldehyde purification material are as follows:
(1) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and pure water according to a mass ratio of 1:1 preparing an ethanol aqueous solution;
(2) mixing the protein soil powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 4-8, adding the mixture into the ethanol solution obtained in the step (1), and stirring and dispersing to prepare a suspension;
(3) and (3) adding an aminosilane solution hydrolyzed in advance into the suspension prepared in the step (2) for graft modification, wherein the dosage of silane is 6-36% of the mass of the opal, the modification temperature is 50-90 ℃, and the modification time is 1-5 h.
(4) Washing the reaction product obtained in the step (3) with ethanol and water, filtering, and drying at 60-100 ℃ for 8-12 h;
(5) grinding the dried product obtained in the step (4) until 97% of the dried product passes through a 200-mesh sieve. Thus obtaining the opal composite formaldehyde purification material.
The preparation method of the opal composite formaldehyde purification material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the used aminosilane is one or two of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and gamma- (2-aminoethyl) -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; the opal powder has a particle size of 200 meshes and the balance of less than or equal to 3 percent.
The opal composite formaldehyde purification material prepared by the method and the process steps has rich amino on the surface, and the particle size is 200 meshes, and the balance is less than or equal to 3%.
According to the invention, the amino group has stronger affinity to formaldehyde, and the amino group on the surface of the opal is increased by grafting modification on the surface of the opal, so that the adsorption and capture performance of the opal powder material to gas formaldehyde pollutants is greatly improved, and the problem that natural opal has weaker formaldehyde purification capacity is solved; in addition, the required raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the preparation process is simple, the reaction conditions are mild, and the method has a great application value in the field of indoor formaldehyde gas purification.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an XPS spectrum of the surface N1s of the opal material used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an XPS spectrum of N1s on the surface of the composite formaldehyde purification material prepared by using opal as a carrier.
FIG. 3 is a TG diagram of the opal raw material and the prepared composite formaldehyde purification material in the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. But not limiting, and any equivalent replacement in the field made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention is within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and pure water according to a mass ratio of 1:1 preparing an ethanol aqueous solution;
(2) mixing the protein soil powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 8, adding the mixture into the ethanol solution obtained in the step (1), and stirring and dispersing to prepare a suspension;
(3) and (3) adding an aminosilane solution hydrolyzed in advance into the suspension prepared in the step (2) for graft modification, wherein the dosage of the gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is 36 percent of the mass of the opal, the modification temperature is 90 ℃, and the modification time is 1 h.
(4) Washing the reaction product obtained in the step (3) with ethanol and water, filtering, and drying at 60 ℃ for 12 hours;
(5) grinding the dried product obtained in the step (4) until 97% of the dried product passes through a 200-mesh sieve. Thus obtaining the opal composite formaldehyde purification material.
XPS and TG patterns of the opal composite formaldehyde purification material prepared in example 1 are shown in attached figures 2 and 3. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the surface of the opal is increasedA large number of N-H bonds and N-C bonds, indicating that a large number of amino groups, in which small amounts of NH are present, were successfully grafted onto the surface of the opal4 +And N2The signal peaks of (a) are a small amount of ions introduced in the purification process of the opal and a small amount of nitrogen in the adsorbed air respectively. As can be seen from fig. 3, the mass of the modifier supported in the composite material was 3.31%.
Example 2:
the procedure was the same as in example 1, except that: in the step (2), the content of the opal powder is 1: 7, adding the mixture into the ethanol solution obtained in the step (1), stirring and dispersing; in the step (3), the consumption of the silane accounts for 27% of the mass of the opal, the modification temperature is 80 ℃, and the modification time is 2 hours; in the step (4), the drying temperature is 70 ℃, and the drying time is 11 h.
Example 3:
the procedure was the same as in example 1, except that: in the step (2), the content of the opal powder is 1: 6, adding the mixture into the ethanol solution obtained in the step (1), stirring and dispersing; in the step (3), the consumption of the silane accounts for 18% of the mass of the opal, the modification temperature is 70 ℃, and the modification time is 3 hours; in the step (4), the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 10 hours.
Example 4:
the procedure was the same as in example 1, except that: in the step (2), the content of the opal powder is 1: 5, adding the mixture into the ethanol solution obtained in the step (1), stirring and dispersing; in the step (3), the consumption of the silane accounts for 9% of the mass of the opal, the modification temperature is 60 ℃, and the modification time is 4 hours; in the step (4), the drying temperature is 90 ℃, and the drying time is 9 h.
Example 5:
the procedure was the same as in example 1, except that: in the step (2), the content of the opal powder is 1: 4, adding the mixture into the ethanol solution obtained in the step (1), stirring and dispersing; in the step (3), the consumption of the silane accounts for 6% of the mass of the opal, the modification temperature is 50 ℃, and the modification time is 5 hours; in the step (4), the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 8 hours.
Example 6:
the procedure was the same as in example 1, except that: in the step (3), the silane is aminopropyltriethoxysilane and gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane which are compounded according to the ratio of 1:1, the modification temperature is 60 ℃, and the modification time is 2 hours; in the step (4), the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 10 hours.
The properties and parameters of the final products of examples 1 to 6 were measured and calculated according to the methods described below, and the results obtained are shown in Table 1.
The formaldehyde purification rate is measured by adopting a standard JC/T1074-2008 detection method of the building material industry of the people's republic of China, and the detection and analysis of the formaldehyde concentration are carried out by adopting an AHMT spectrophotometry according to GB/T16129. the brief process is as follows, 20g of the obtained protein-soil composite adsorbing material is coated on one surface of four glass plates (the thickness is 4 mm-6 mm) with the thickness of 500mm × 500mm, the drying is carried out for 24h under the conditions of the temperature (20 +/-2) DEG C and the relative humidity (50 +/-10)%, and then the experiment is carried out, and the dried sample is put into a container with the thickness of 1m3The test chamber is closed, then (3 +/-0.25) mu L of the analytically pure formaldehyde is taken by a micro injector and injected into the chamber through an injection hole, the chamber without the sample is also operated as a comparison chamber, and the gas in the chamber is collected and tested for concentration after being closed for 1h, wherein the concentration is the initial concentration (n)0). After 48h, the gas in the chamber was collected and tested for concentration, which was the final concentration (n)1)。
Starting concentration with control Chamber (n)0) And termination concentration (n)1) Comparing the natural attenuation condition of the formaldehyde, the natural attenuation of the formaldehyde is less than or equal to 30%, and the experiment is established. The natural attenuation rate is calculated according to equation (1):
R=(n0-n1)/n0×100% (1)
in the formula: r-natural decay Rate,%;
n0initial concentration of gas measured in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m) in the control chamber3);
n1-comparing the measured gas end concentration in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m) of the gas measured in the chamber3)。
The formaldehyde purification efficiency r is calculated according to the formula (2):
r=(n1-n1 1)/n1×100% (2)
in the formula: r-formaldehyde purification rate,%;
n1-comparing the measured gas end concentration in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m) of the gas measured in the chamber3);
n1 1End of gas concentration measured in milligram per cubic meter (mg/m) for the test chamber3)。
And (3) calculating the loading capacity of the modifier, wherein the modifier cannot be completely grafted to the surface of the opal in the reaction process, and the actual loading capacity of the modifier is smaller than the theoretical value calculated according to the amount of the added modifier, so that the actual loading capacity of the modifier in the composite adsorption material is detected by adopting a METT L ERTGA/DSC 1SF/1382 thermogravimetric analyzer.
Table 1 formaldehyde purification efficiency and parameters of the materials obtained in examples 1 to 6 and the opal material
Figure BDA0001870540040000051

Claims (3)

1. A preparation method of an egg white clay composite formaldehyde purification material is characterized in that egg white clay is used as a carrier, amino silane is used as a modifier, and amino groups are added on the surface of the egg white clay by a surface grafting modification method, and the preparation method comprises the following process steps:
(1) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and pure water according to a mass ratio of 1:1 preparing an ethanol aqueous solution;
(2) mixing the protein soil powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 4-8, adding the mixture into the ethanol solution obtained in the step (1), and stirring and dispersing to prepare a suspension;
(3) adding an aminosilane solution hydrolyzed in advance into the suspension prepared in the step (2) for graft modification, wherein the dosage of silane is 6-36% of the mass of the opal, the modification temperature is 50-90 ℃, and the modification time is 1-5 h;
(4) washing the reaction product obtained in the step (3) with ethanol and water, filtering, and drying at 60-100 ℃ for 8-12 h;
(5) grinding the dried product obtained in the step (4) until 97% of the dried product passes through a 200-mesh sieve. Thus obtaining the opal composite formaldehyde purification material.
2. The preparation method of the egg white clay composite formaldehyde purification material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the amino silane is one or two of aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and gamma- (2-aminoethyl) -aminopropyl trimethoxysilane.
3. The preparation method of the egg white clay composite formaldehyde purification material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the opal powder has a particle size of 200 meshes and the balance of less than or equal to 3 percent.
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CN112044403A (en) * 2020-09-07 2020-12-08 湘潭大学 Preparation method and application of sepiolite-based formaldehyde adsorbent
CN113181875A (en) * 2021-04-27 2021-07-30 桂林新竹大自然生物材料有限公司 Preparation method of silver-plated carbonized bentonite composite material
CN116354711A (en) * 2023-05-30 2023-06-30 佛山市三水宏源陶瓷企业有限公司 Rock plate with ammonia purification function and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101613112A (en) * 2009-07-06 2009-12-30 江南大学 A kind of preparation of attapulgite modified by silane coupling agent
CN101658782A (en) * 2009-08-24 2010-03-03 淮阴师范学院 Method for preparing adsorbent by modifying attapulgite clay
CN104645800A (en) * 2013-11-25 2015-05-27 北京市理化分析测试中心 Formaldehyde catching agent and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101613112A (en) * 2009-07-06 2009-12-30 江南大学 A kind of preparation of attapulgite modified by silane coupling agent
CN101658782A (en) * 2009-08-24 2010-03-03 淮阴师范学院 Method for preparing adsorbent by modifying attapulgite clay
CN104645800A (en) * 2013-11-25 2015-05-27 北京市理化分析测试中心 Formaldehyde catching agent and preparation method thereof

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