CN109304861A - A kind of STL format 3D model support structure generation method based on material self-supporting - Google Patents
A kind of STL format 3D model support structure generation method based on material self-supporting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109304861A CN109304861A CN201811155277.6A CN201811155277A CN109304861A CN 109304861 A CN109304861 A CN 109304861A CN 201811155277 A CN201811155277 A CN 201811155277A CN 109304861 A CN109304861 A CN 109304861A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of STL format 3D model support structure generation method based on material self-supporting, it is related to 3D printing field of support structures, the present invention includes determining base support body and determining final supporter when determining supporter, base support body is the triangular pyramid of tri patch △ BCD and A point composition, and three sides and print platform angulation value that A point and △ BCD are formed are equal to printing critical angle θ；If base support body intersects with model or print platform, the part supporter between reserving model or print platform and tri patch is as final supporter；If base support body and printer model or print platform are non-intersecting, then base support body is extended downwardly, the surface region or more maximum as supporting point E with Z coordinate in the surface region of print platform intersection that the triangular pyramid obtained after extension intersects with model, final supporter is E-BCD, and method of the invention has the advantages that support construction consumable quantity is low, support is firm simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing field of support structures more particularly to a kind of STL format 3D based on material self-supporting
Model support structure generation method.
Background technique
3D printing is successively accumulated as basic forming principle with material, by the way that model is (usual according to a certain direction
For Z axis positive direction), discrete certain thickness be a series of two-dimensional section information, processing road is determined according to every layer of profile information
Diameter, the layer-by-layer accumulation molding in path that then material is generated according to each layer.In some Method of printings, the current printable layer of model
It is to be accumulated on the basis of upper one layer, has crucial positioning and supporting role to current layer for one layer on model.If worked as
The section of preceding printing is greater than the section to play a supportive role to it, and a upper layer cross section does not have reasonable support construction, and model is outstanding
Can empty part, which just will appear, to be collapsed or deforms, and the precision of print procedure and model is influenced, be corresponding to be supported therefore
Reasonable support construction is added in region, directly influences the precision that can model continuously print and model is final.It needs to support
The 3D printing method of structure be widely used stereolithography apparatus method (Stereo Lithography Appearance,
) and fusion sediment formula (Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM) 3D printing etc. SLA.
Support construction generation method is illustrated by taking FDM 3D printing method as an example herein, the method is also applied for it
The 3D printing method that he needs to support.3D printing based on FDM technology be by spray head squeeze out liquid plastics material (PLA,
ABS etc.) solidification-stack formed part, and liquid printed material have viscosity, so and not all hanging surface be required to prop up
Support.In part as shown in Figure 8, the gradient between face one (4) and Z axis is smaller, can not have to addition support and directly beat
Print, the tilt angle between face two (5) and Z axis are very big, it is necessary to which addition support just can be carried out printing.It face three (6) and is beaten in Fig. 9
The angle for printing platform is α, and only when α meets θ≤α≤90 °, the face is without adding support；As 0≤α < θ, which needs to prop up
Support.θ is printable critical angle, and the occurrence of θ is different according to the difference of printer and printed material.
The fact that STL formatted file is the current the most frequently used file type in 3D printing field, is 3D printing field reticle
Formula.As shown in Figure 10, stl file is that carry out trigonometric ratio to CAD model surface with a series of small triangle surfaces discrete and obtain
, there is fixed connection relationship between tri patch.The data of stl file storage are a series of vertex of this tri patch
Neighbouring relationship data between coordinate data, the normal vector data of tri patch and tri patch.
The shape of current support construction is divided into two classes, and one kind is that fully dense column is generated below supporting zone
Support construction.For example, widely used open source 3D printing software --- Cura Slice Software uses such support construction, generates
Method are as follows: by taking the model of Fig. 8 as an example, in print procedure, after identifying region to be supported (face two, face three), in supporting zone
Underface generates cross section columnar stays identical with supporting surface projection of shape, bottom and the print platform phase of columnar stays
Contact, as shown in figure 11.The advantages of the method is that support construction density is big, support strength is high；The disadvantage is that support consumable quantity compared with
Greatly, consumptive material is wasted, printing takes a long time.
Second class is that sparse support construction is generated below region to be supported.Such as open source 3D printing system
Meshmixer Slice Software uses such support construction, generation method are as follows: as shown in figure 12, in print procedure, works as identification
Out behind region to be supported, equidistant sampling site is carried out on region to be supported, these sampled points is known as to the leaf node set, so
Circular cone is done to print platform direction using leaf node as vertex afterwards, new node is generated at circular cone and conical intersection, connects circular cone
Vertex and new node form branch.As shown in figure 13, p1、p2For two sampled points in region to be supported, s is the new section generated
Point, p1s、p2S is newly-generated branch.The advantages of the method is that support consumable quantity is small, and printing is time-consuming shorter；The disadvantage is that support knot
Structure stability is poor.
Northwest University Wei Xiao is so equal to combine Cura and Meshmixer support construction, and constructing has the two of rectangular section
Pitch tree formula inclined plate support construction, generation method are as follows: it is similar with the sampling process for generating tree-like support, in print procedure, work as knowledge
It Chu not equidistantly be sampled in the form of parallel segment on region to be supported behind region to be supported, these sampling line segments are claimed
For the leaf node of tree.As shown in figure 14, l1、l2For two leaf nodes, with l1、l2Three are done to print platform direction for bus
Prism, in each triangular prism, leaf node (l1Or l2) where two inclined-planes and print platform angulation should be greater than θ
(printable critical angle).l3For the new node of generation.With l1、l3Quadrangle is done for parallel edges, with l2、l3It is done for parallel edges another
Quadrangle (overstriking figure in figure), above-mentioned two quadrangle are inclined plate supporter.Figure 15 is the inclined plate support knot that experiment generates
Structure.The advantages of the method is can to reduce crotch branch density, optimizes support construction, is big plane in region to be supported
In the case of advantage it is more obvious；The disadvantage is that region to be supported smaller to area, that shape is more complex, the generation effect of support compared with
Difference.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: for solve support construction that existing 3D model support structure generation method generates without
Method takes into account consumable quantity and stability, and the problem of can not be suitable for small area, complex-shaped region to be supported, the present invention is mentioned
For a kind of STL format 3D model support structure generation method based on material self-supporting.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of STL format 3D model support structure generation method based on material self-supporting, comprising:
S1: the region to be supported of printer model is identified；
S2: any one tri patch addition supporter of supporting zone is treated；S2 includes:
S21: base support body is determined；
Base support body (1) is the triangular pyramid of tri patch △ BCD and A point composition, three sides that A point and △ BCD are formed
Face and print platform angulation value are equal to printing critical angle θ；
S22: determining final supporter, using final supporter as the supporter of addition；
If base support body intersects with printer model or print platform, only retain printer model or print platform with
Part supporter between tri patch is as final supporter；
If base support body and printer model or print platform are non-intersecting, following steps are carried out:
S221: A point and △ BCD three seamed edges formed are extended to obtain triangular pyramid A-B ' C ' as starting point using A point
D ', extending direction respectively with three seamed edges on the same line, B ' point, C ' point and D ' point are respectively positioned on flat where print platform
Face；
S222: Z coordinate in the surface region and the region △ B ' C ' D ' that triangular pyramid A-B ' C ' D ' intersects with printer model is chosen
More maximum to be used as final supporting point E, the triangular pyramid that △ BCD and E point are formed is final supporter；
S3: triangulation is carried out to the supporting body surface of addition, and data update is carried out to entire stl file；
S4: S2-S3 is repeated, until tri patch all in region to be supported is all added to supporter；All supports
Body has collectively constituted the support construction of entire 3D model.
Specifically, the region to be supported is all collection for meeting 0≤α < θ tri patch with print platform angle α
It closes, θ is printable critical angle, and the occurrence of θ is different according to the difference of printer and printed material.
After adopting the above scheme, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention has the advantages that support construction consumable quantity is low, support is firm simultaneously, particularly with region distance to be supported
Print platform farther out in the case of, support construction depends on printer model itself, and it is more obvious to save consumptive material advantage, for difference
There is good applicability in the region to be supported of shape.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be in embodiment
Required attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some realities of the invention
Example is applied, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be attached according to these
Figure obtains other attached drawings.By the way that shown in attached drawing, above and other purpose of the invention, feature and advantage will be more clear.?
Identical appended drawing reference indicates identical part in whole attached drawings.Attached drawing deliberately is not drawn by actual size equal proportion scaling,
Emphasis is placed on illustrating the gist of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is base support body forming process schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 intersects schematic diagram with printer model or print platform for base support body in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that base support body is chosen most in the case of intersecting with printer model or print platform in the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic diagram of whole supporter；
Fig. 5 is base support body and impression block under printer model or the non-intersecting situation of print platform in the embodiment of the present invention
The location diagram of type, triangular pyramid A- △ BCD and triangular pyramid A- △ B ' C ' D '；
Fig. 6 is base support body and triangular pyramid under printer model or the non-intersecting situation of print platform in the embodiment of the present invention
The intersecting area of A- △ B ' C ' D ' and printer model highlights figure；
Fig. 7 is to choose in base support body and printer model or the non-intersecting situation of print platform in the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic diagram of final supporter；
Fig. 8 is the perspective view in background of invention in printer model；
Fig. 9 is the main view of Fig. 8；
Figure 10 is the STL model file schematic diagram in background of invention；
Figure 11 is the columnar stays structure figure in background of invention；
Figure 12 is the dendriform support structure chart in background of invention；
Figure 13 is the dendriform support structural generation Principle of Process figure in background of invention；
Figure 14 is the inclined plate support generation procedure chart of the inclined plate support based on binary tree formula in background of invention；
Figure 15 is the inclined plate support construction figure of the inclined plate support based on binary tree formula in background of invention；
Marked in the figure: 1- base support body, 2- printer model, 3- print platform, the face 4- one, the face 5- two, the face 6- three.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of STL format 3D model support structure generation method based on material self-supporting of the present embodiment, such as Fig. 1
Shown, step includes:
S1: the region to be supported of identification printer model 2；The region to be supported is all full with 3 angle α of print platform
The set of the tri patch of foot 0≤α < θ, θ are printable critical angle, and the occurrence of θ is according to the difference of printer and printed material
And it is different, the value of θ is generally within the scope of 45 ° -60 °.
S2: any one tri patch addition supporter of supporting zone is treated；Supporter must satisfy its each side
Meet θ≤α < 90 ° with 3 angulation α of print platform.Also, under the premise of meeting printability, select volume minimum
Supporter as final supporter.Specifically, S2 includes the following steps:
S21: base support body 1 is determined；
Base support body 1 is triangular pyramid, and bottom surface is the tri patch △ BCD of supporter to be added, and vertex is A point, A
Three sides and 3 angulation value of print platform that point is formed with △ BCD are equal to printing critical angle θ.
In the present embodiment, for printing L-type model as shown in Figure 2, forming direction is along Z axis positive direction, such as Fig. 2 (a)
It is shown, wherein with have a tri patch △ BCD to be supported, such as Fig. 2 in the draping face of 3 angle α=0 of print platform
(b) shown in, the base support body 1 of generation is such as shown in Fig. 2 (c).
S22: determining final supporter, using final supporter as the supporter of addition.
In the present embodiment, base support body 1 and printer model or print platform 3 are non-intersecting, and S22 includes the following steps:
S221: as shown in figure 5, three seamed edges that A point and △ BCD are formed, the i.e. crest line of base support body 1A-BCD
AB, crest line AC and crest line AD are extended to obtain triangular pyramid A-B ' C ' D ' using A point as starting point, extending direction respectively with three ribs
On the same line, i.e., the direction of Z axis reduction, B ' point, C ' point and D ' point are respectively positioned on the plane where print platform 3 on side；Crest line
AB, crest line AC and extending downwardly for crest line AD will necessarily intersect with printer model 2 or print platform 3, intersect with print platform 3
Intersection point be B ' point, C ' point and D ' point, the region triangular pyramid A-B ' C ' D ' any point (including surface) and △ BCD again
Three sides of the triangular pyramid of composition and 3 angle of print platform must be greater than printable critical angle θ.
S222: as shown in fig. 6, choosing the surface region and △ B ' C ' that triangular pyramid A- △ B ' C ' D ' intersects with printer model 2
Z coordinate is more maximum in the region D ' is used as final supporting point E, and the triangular pyramid that △ BCD and E point are formed is final supporter, most
The structure of whole supporter is as shown in Figure 7；It should be understood that the maximum point of Z coordinate is there may be multiple, in this case,
Any selection maximum point of one Z coordinate.
S3: triangulation is carried out to the supporting body surface of addition, and data update is carried out to entire stl file；
S4: S2-S3 is repeated, until tri patch all in region to be supported is all added to supporter；All supports
Body has collectively constituted the support construction of entire 3D model.
Embodiment 2
STL format 3D model support structure generation method of one of the present embodiment based on material self-supporting is such as schemed
Shown in 1, step includes:
S1: the region to be supported of identification printer model 2；The region to be supported is all full with 3 angle α of print platform
The set of the tri patch of foot 0≤α < θ, θ are printable critical angle, and the occurrence of θ is according to the difference of printer and printed material
And it is different, the value of θ is generally within the scope of 45 ° -60 °.
S2: any one tri patch addition supporter of supporting zone is treated；Supporter must satisfy its each side
Meet θ≤α < 90 ° with 3 angulation α of print platform.Also, under the premise of meeting printability, select volume minimum
Supporter as final supporter.Specifically, S2 includes the following steps:
S21: base support body 1 is determined；
Base support body 1 is triangular pyramid, and bottom surface is the tri patch △ BCD of supporter to be added, and vertex is A point, A
Three sides and 3 angulation value of print platform that point is formed with △ BCD are equal to printing critical angle θ.
S22: determining final supporter, using final supporter as the supporter of addition.
Unlike the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, base support body 1 intersects with printer model or print platform 3, hands over
Point is E point, F point and G point, it is specific as shown in figure 3, in this case, then reserving model or print platform 3 and tri patch it
Between part supporter as final supporter, as a result as shown in figure 4, i.e. B point, C point, D point, E point, F point and G point besieged city
Part.
S3: triangulation is carried out to the supporting body surface of addition, and data update is carried out to entire stl file；
S4: S2-S3 is repeated, until tri patch all in region to be supported is all added to supporter；All supports
Body has collectively constituted the support construction of entire 3D model.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, appoints
What belongs to those skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, all
It is covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of STL format 3D model support structure generation method based on material self-supporting characterized by comprising
S1: the region to be supported of identification printer model (2)；
S2: any one tri patch addition supporter of supporting zone is treated；S2 includes:
S21: base support body (1) is determined；
Base support body (1) is the triangular pyramid of tri patch △ BCD and A point composition, three sides that A point and △ BCD are formed with
Print platform (3) angulation value is equal to printing critical angle θ；
S22: determining final supporter, using final supporter as the supporter of addition；
If base support body (1) intersects with printer model or print platform (3), only retain printer model or print platform
(3) the part supporter between tri patch to be supported is as final supporter；
If base support body (1) and printer model or print platform (3) are non-intersecting, following steps are carried out:
S221: A point and △ BCD three seamed edges formed are extended to obtain triangular pyramid A-B ' C ' D ' as starting point using A point, are extended
Direction respectively with three seamed edges on the same line, B ' point, C ' point and D ' point are respectively positioned on plane where print platform (3)；
S222: Z coordinate is chosen in the surface region that intersects with printer model (2) of triangular pyramid A-B ' C ' D ' and the region △ B ' C ' D ' most
Big is a little used as final supporting point E, and the triangular pyramid that △ BCD and E point are formed is final supporter；
S3: triangulation is carried out to the supporting body surface of addition, and data update is carried out to entire stl file；
S4: S2-S3 is repeated, until tri patch all in region to be supported is all added to supporter；All supporters are total
It is same to constitute the support construction of entire 3D model.
2. a kind of STL format 3D model support structure generation method based on material self-supporting according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the region to be supported is all set for meeting 0≤α < θ tri patch with print platform (3) angle α, θ
To can print critical angle, the occurrence of θ is different according to the difference of printer and printed material.
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| CN111859489A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-30 | 深圳市纵维立方科技有限公司 | Support structure generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN111859488A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-30 | 深圳市纵维立方科技有限公司 | Support structure generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112590198A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-02 | 杭州电子科技大学 | STL file-based 3D printing support structure design method |
| CN113255021A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-13 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for generating 3D printing support structure |
| CN114274505A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-05 | 山东大学 | Sandwich plate fused deposition printing support structure generation method and system |
| CN114670452A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-28 | 深圳市创想三维科技股份有限公司 | Support generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| CN111859489A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-30 | 深圳市纵维立方科技有限公司 | Support structure generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN111859488A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-30 | 深圳市纵维立方科技有限公司 | Support structure generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| CN114274505B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-08-30 | 山东大学 | Sandwich plate fused deposition printing support structure generation method and system |
| CN114670452A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-28 | 深圳市创想三维科技股份有限公司 | Support generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114670452B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2024-05-17 | 深圳市创想三维科技股份有限公司 | Support generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN117341206A (en) * | 2023-10-08 | 2024-01-05 | 南京林业大学 | Support structure generation method based on octree |
| CN117341206B (en) * | 2023-10-08 | 2024-03-29 | 南京林业大学 | Support structure generation method based on octree |
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