CN109304586A - 一种钨合金的强化工艺 - Google Patents

一种钨合金的强化工艺 Download PDF

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CN109304586A
CN109304586A CN201811511850.2A CN201811511850A CN109304586A CN 109304586 A CN109304586 A CN 109304586A CN 201811511850 A CN201811511850 A CN 201811511850A CN 109304586 A CN109304586 A CN 109304586A
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tungsten alloy
sample
rolling
layer
obviously
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李伟
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Guizhou University
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Guizhou University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于钨合金表面强化的有效工艺手段,在该工艺参数下,钨合金表层组织经过超声机械振动和滚压压头施加的静压力下,显微组织形变明显,晶粒被明显拉长,其中形变层中的流变层,显微组织变形最为剧烈,晶粒得到明显细化。材料的表面质量得到有效改善,经车削加工的试样,表面的“峰”被碾压填充至“谷”中,表面粗糙度降低平均达90%以上。同时,滚压后试样的表层硬度得到显著提升,显微硬度随距表层的增加逐渐降低,表现出典型的梯度性,硬化层最高可达600μm以上。经该参数下滚压后,样品的综合表面性能得到明显优化,可操作性强,对钨合金表面强化工艺具有重要的参考价值。

Description

一种钨合金的强化工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钨合金的强化工艺,属于合金表面强化领域。
背景技术
表面滚压技术利用硬质合金作为滚压工具,通过对工件表面施加一定的压力并与工件表面作相对滚动,使得工件表层产生塑性变形,达到细化晶粒,引入参与应力,改善工件表面粗糙度的效果。其早最早出现于德国,被广泛应用于铁路轨道车轴等领域。我国于在世纪中期引入滚压技术并开始广泛研究应用,并提出了冲击滚压及超声滚压等复合表面滚压技术。超声滚压技术是通过加工工作头沿工件表面法线方向施加一定幅度的超声频机械振动,在一定进给条件下,工作头将静压力和超声冲击振动传递到机械零部件表面,产生冲挤作用而使金属材料产生大幅度的弹塑性变形,沿着给定的路径,在铣床上可方便快捷地对工件进行强化处理。加工后,由于塑性流动,工件表面上的峰谷被平整,从而大大降低表面粗糙度值,并引入残余压应力。由于工件表面被均匀压缩,伴随着产生的残余压应力,对提高机械零部件的抗疲劳和磨损性能非常有利。
但表面超声滚压技术的可重复性差,往往针对不同的材料有不同的最优参数,难以原样复制。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:对R2M高比重钨合金进行表面超声滚压处理,采用特定的加工参数使合金表层发生加工硬化,达到细化晶粒,引入残余应力的效果,同时保持合金心部组织不发生变化。
本发明的技术方案是:一种钨合金的强化工艺,将钨合金加工成为尺寸一致的圆柱形样品,经车削打磨后在室温下行表面超声滚压处理。
所述的车削打磨的时间为4-6min,速度为600r/min。
所述的表面超声滚压设备输出电流0.6A,振幅10μm,进给速度0.08mm/r,选取静压力为0.08MPa-0.13MPa,主轴转速180r/min-355r/min。
所述的表面超声滚压的次数为2次以上。
本发明的有益效果:本申请针对模具用材料R2M钨合金的表面超声滚压强化进行实验研究,探索其最佳表面强化参数,为该材料的表面强化工艺提供有效的参考价值。
附图说明
图1为经车削加工的未滚压样品的表面形貌;
图2为经过0.10MPa、180r/min滚压3次后样品的表面形貌;
图3、4、5分别为经过0.10MPa,180r/min、280r/min、355r/min滚压3次后样品的形变层微观组织;
图6为经过0.08MPa,主轴转速180r/min、280r/min、355r/min下滚压3次后试样的显微硬度与距试样表层距离的关系;
图7为静压力为0.08MPa,主轴转速为180r/min时,滚压3次试样形变层的金相组织照片;
图8为静压力为0.08MPa,主轴转速280r/min时,滚压3次后试样形变层的金相组织照片;
图9为静压力0.08MPa,主轴转速355r/min时,滚压3次后试样形变层的金相组织照片;
图10为静压力0.13MPa,主轴转速为180r/min,滚压道次为3次时滚压试样表面形变产生的微裂纹。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将钨合金加工成为尺寸一致的圆柱形样品,经时间为5min,600r/min的车削打磨后在室温下行表面超声滚压处理。表面超声滚压设备输出电流0.6A,振幅10μm,进给速度0.08mm/r,选取静压力为0.08MPa,主轴转速180r/min,滚压次数为3次。对超声滚压后试样进行微观组织观测,样品的表面粗糙度由原始的1.904μm降低至0.0644μm,提升量达96.62%,有效改善了钨合金表面光整度;显微组织形变层出现明显的流变层、塑性变形层和微变层三种组织结构,其形变层深度可达90.70μm,流变层晶粒剧烈变形,组织得到明显细化,塑性变形层晶粒被拉伸成锯齿状,有明显取向性,微变层塑性变形量小,接近未变形组织;显微硬度表现出明显梯度,显微硬度随距样品表面距离的增加而降低。距滚压表面0.1mm处硬度由原始的270HV提升至371.06HV,说明滚压后试样得到有效强化。
实施例2
选取静压力为0.08MPa,主轴转速280r/min,滚压次数为3次。对超声滚压后试样进行微观组织观测,样品的表面粗糙度由原始的1.904μm降低至0.0963μm,提升量达94.9%;显微组织中形变层深度可达106.10μm;距滚压表面0.1mm处显微硬度由原始的270HV提升至359.06HV,试样得到有效强化。
实施例3
选取静压力为0.10MPa,主轴转速180r/min,滚压次数为3次。对超声滚压后试样进行微观组织观测,样品的表面粗糙度由原始的1.904μm降低至0.0930μm,提升量达95.12%,有效改善了钨合金表面质量;显微组织中形变层深度可达98.46μm;距滚压表面0.1mm处显微硬度硬度由原始的270HV提升至379.53HV,说明滚压后试样得到有效强化。

Claims (4)

1.一种钨合金的强化工艺,其特征在于:将钨合金加工成为尺寸一致的圆柱形样品,经车削打磨后在室温下行表面超声滚压处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钨合金的强化工艺,其特征在于:所述的车削打磨的时间为4-6min,速度为600r/min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种钨合金的强化工艺,其特征在于:所述的表面超声滚压设备输出电流0.6A,振幅10μm,进给速度0.08mm/r,选取静压力为0.08MPa-0.13MPa,主轴转速180r/min-355r/min。
4.根据权利要求1或3所述的一种钨合金的强化工艺,其特征在于:所述的表面超声滚压的次数为2次以上。
CN201811511850.2A 2018-12-11 2018-12-11 一种钨合金的强化工艺 Pending CN109304586A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112501404A (zh) * 2020-11-13 2021-03-16 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 一种在材料表面原位快速制备热稳定梯度结构的方法
CN114645229A (zh) * 2022-02-23 2022-06-21 华东理工大学 一种镍基单晶高温合金表面性能优化的超声滚压表面强化方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB567281A (en) * 1943-11-16 1945-02-06 Alfred Gordon Evans Robiette Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of metal articles
CN1911596A (zh) * 2006-08-15 2007-02-14 天津大学 一种金属材料表面纳米层的加工方法及设备
CN101220405A (zh) * 2007-10-10 2008-07-16 天津大学 一种超声表面滚压加工纳米化方法及装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB567281A (en) * 1943-11-16 1945-02-06 Alfred Gordon Evans Robiette Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of metal articles
CN1911596A (zh) * 2006-08-15 2007-02-14 天津大学 一种金属材料表面纳米层的加工方法及设备
CN101220405A (zh) * 2007-10-10 2008-07-16 天津大学 一种超声表面滚压加工纳米化方法及装置

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112501404A (zh) * 2020-11-13 2021-03-16 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 一种在材料表面原位快速制备热稳定梯度结构的方法
CN114645229A (zh) * 2022-02-23 2022-06-21 华东理工大学 一种镍基单晶高温合金表面性能优化的超声滚压表面强化方法

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Application publication date: 20190205