CN109302223B - Antenna selection method for networking communication among multiple high dynamic carriers - Google Patents
Antenna selection method for networking communication among multiple high dynamic carriers Download PDFInfo
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- CN109302223B CN109302223B CN201811062736.6A CN201811062736A CN109302223B CN 109302223 B CN109302223 B CN 109302223B CN 201811062736 A CN201811062736 A CN 201811062736A CN 109302223 B CN109302223 B CN 109302223B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0602—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0802—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection
- H04B7/0805—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with single receiver and antenna switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
- H04B7/18506—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
Abstract
The invention relates to an antenna selection method for networking communication among a plurality of high dynamic carriers, which comprises the following steps: s1, establishing data links among the multiple carriers through a blind search mode, carrying out interactive communication, and acquiring initial position information of other carriers; s2, calculating the best antenna direction between the two carriers according to the position information of other carriers acquired through the data link and the position and posture information of the current carrier; and S3, calculating the optimal antenna direction between every two carriers by adopting the method of S2. The invention interacts high-precision self-positioning information and differential navigation information through the data links among the carriers, calculates the optimal directional antenna among the carriers by combining the inertial navigation information of the carriers, has short time and low delay, and meets the requirement of high dynamic carriers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an antenna selection method for networking communication, in particular to an antenna selection strategy for networking communication among a plurality of high dynamic carriers, and belongs to the field of digital communication.
Background
At present, multi-carrier networking detection and cooperative control become important directions for development of anti-air anti-pilot weaponry, and a multi-carrier cooperative detection system can effectively improve the working distance and the measurement precision and is valued by researchers at home and abroad. In the cooperative networking communication among multiple carriers, navigation information and reconnaissance information on the carriers need to be transmitted to other flying carriers in the network in real time so as to achieve cooperative monitoring and control among the carriers. In order to realize real-time communication between the flight carriers, an appropriate antenna needs to be selected for communication between the flight carriers.
In the aerospace or military field, due to design limitations on carriers and in order to improve the radiation efficiency and confidentiality of antennas, antennas on flying carriers cannot be employed as omnidirectional antennas, but a plurality of transmitting antennas are installed, and the most effective one is selected for communication use. In order to select a suitable communication antenna from a plurality of antennas, an included angle of a certain axis between different carriers is generally selected as a basis for selecting the antenna. Thus, the included angle needs to be calculated at any time according to the instantaneous geographic information and the attitude information of the carrier. Therefore, an antenna switching algorithm for networking communication under the high dynamic condition of multiple carriers is needed to select a proper antenna for communication.
In the existing literature, corresponding research is also carried out on a selection method of a multi-carrier communication antenna. Document 1 (xu fu, zu jing, and usher, and yun, research on antenna switching algorithm [ J ], teaching of missile and arrow and guidance, 2014, 2 (34): 184-. The structure and the accuracy of floating point operation are specifically analyzed, and measures for improving the calculation accuracy and speed in the coordinate conversion process are provided. The correctness of the method is verified by comparing the DSP measuring and calculating result with the simulation result of the STK software. The test shows that: the algorithm can process navigation information in a high-precision, real-time, reliable and stable manner, and the angle error of the antenna to the satellite is less than 0.05 degrees.
Document 2 (wuling; research on antenna selection and positioning technology [ D ]; 2015, 6) proposes a multi-antenna selection scheme that can dynamically change based on the number of selected antennas on the basis of analyzing the existing multi-antenna selection algorithm, so that the energy efficiency of the system can be improved while the channel capacity of the system is ensured, and the channel capacity and the energy efficiency of the system of the scheme are given through simulation implementation.
Patent 1 (a low-complexity antenna selection method, CN201711001190.9) provides an algorithm for performing antenna combination traversal search, which greatly reduces the number of searches and improves the search speed, and under the condition that the number of antennas at the receiving end and the number of radio frequency channels at the receiving end are not very different, the complexity of the whole system search is greatly reduced, and the criteria for antenna selection in the invention is based on obtaining the channel gain of the radio channel as much as possible, so that the selected antenna combination can obtain better channel gain.
Patent 2 (antenna selection in coordinated multipoint communication, CN201380073017.3) proposes an antenna selection apparatus and method for use in uplink coordinated multipoint communication, which selects a set of coordinated multipoint antennas from a plurality of antennas based on channel quality determination of detected preamble information.
Patent 3 (adaptive antenna selection, CN201380052847.8) provides a sensor-based adaptive antenna selection method, which selects a corresponding antenna for communication through states sensed by devices configuring different antennas.
However, most of the antenna selection algorithms mentioned in the above documents or patents are directed to the situation in normal communication, and the device is in a static situation and has low requirement for real-time performance. Although document 1 mainly addresses the case of communication between a satellite and an aircraft, the case of cooperative networking communication between multiple carriers is not considered, and the requirement of a high dynamic carrier cannot be met by adopting DSP implementation.
Based on the above, the present invention provides an antenna selection method for networking communication among multiple high dynamic bearers, which has solved the disadvantages and limitations in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an antenna selection method for networking communication among a plurality of high-dynamic carriers.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an antenna selection method for networking communication among multiple high dynamic carriers, comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing data links among the multiple carriers through a blind search mode, carrying out interactive communication, and acquiring initial position information of other carriers;
s2, calculating the best antenna direction between the two carriers according to the position information of other carriers acquired through the data link and the position and posture information of the current carrier;
and S3, calculating the optimal antenna direction between every two carriers by adopting the method of S2.
The step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11, the first carrier broadcasts and sends the position information of the first carrier through a plurality of antennas arranged on the first carrier, and repeatedly sends the position information to each antenna for a plurality of times respectively, after the sending is finished, n time slots reside on any antenna on the first carrier, wherein n is the number of nodes, and the first carrier waits for other carriers to reply the position information;
s12, when the first carrier broadcasts and sends the position information, the second carrier randomly selects one antenna from the antennas on the second carrier to reside k time slots; wherein k is the number of antennas of the first carrier multiplied by the number of transmission times;
if the position information of the first carrier is received, the second carrier replies the position information to the first carrier through the antenna which is currently resided after the 8 th time slot, and the antenna selection of the first carrier and the second carrier is completed; otherwise, the second carrier continues traversing the next antenna on the second carrier until the first carrier and the second carrier mutually send position information to complete antenna selection, or the second carrier does not establish a data link with the first carrier after traversing all the antennas; then S13 is continued;
s13, repeatedly executing S11, during which the first carrier selects the next antenna on the first carrier to reside in n time slots, and repeatedly executing S12 until the first carrier and the second carrier mutually transmit position information to complete antenna selection, or the first carrier does not establish a data link with the second carrier after traversing all antennas, and waits for the next re-execution of S1; thus, data links between every two carriers are established, and initial relative position information is obtained.
Each carrier is provided with a high-precision Beidou positioning system or a GPS positioning system, and the current position information of the carrier is acquired in real time.
And the step S1 is executed again at regular intervals, so that the carrier which is not added for the first time or is off-line in the middle can retrieve the position information of other carriers.
In S1, the communication nodes of each bearer transmit position information in a TDMA manner.
The step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, calculating a relative position vector (delta x, delta y, delta z) between the two carriers according to the position coordinates of the first carrier and the position coordinates of the second carrier;
s22, calculating a rotation matrix H according to the attitude information of the first carrier, including attitude angle course, pitch and roll angle;
s23, rotating the relative position vector (delta x, delta y, delta z) between the first carrier and the second carrier into a coordinate system with the first carrier as the center through a rotation matrix H to obtain a relative vector (delta x ', delta y ', delta z ') in the new coordinate system;
s24, in a coordinate system centered on the first carrier, arbitrarily selecting 2 coordinate axes out of the 3 coordinate axes, calculating an angle between the vector (Δ x ', Δ y', Δ z ') and the two coordinate axes, and taking the antenna having the smallest angle with the vector (Δ x', Δ y ', Δ z') as an optimal antenna direction between the first carrier and the second carrier in combination with the mounting positions of the antennas on the first carrier.
And each carrier is provided with an inertial navigation system, so that the current attitude information of the carrier can be acquired in real time.
In summary, the antenna selection method for networking communication among multiple high dynamic carriers provided by the invention exchanges high-precision self-positioning information and differential navigation information through the data links among the carriers, and calculates the optimal pointing antenna among the carriers by combining inertial navigation information of the carriers. The invention combines the establishment of the TDMA burst form data link, can insert the broadcast position information at any time, has short time and low delay, and improves the adaptability to high dynamic carriers.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a frame structure diagram of location information transmitted between communication nodes of respective bearers in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating steps of an antenna selection method for networking communications among multiple high dynamic carriers according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the position between two carriers in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical contents, construction features, achieved objects and effects of the present invention will be described in detail by preferred embodiments with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for selecting an antenna for networking communication among multiple high dynamic bearers provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, establishing data links among the multiple carriers through a blind search mode, carrying out interactive communication, and acquiring initial position information of other carriers;
s2, calculating the best antenna direction between the two carriers according to the position information of other carriers acquired through the data link and the position and posture information of the current carrier;
and S3, calculating the optimal antenna direction between every two carriers by adopting the method of S2.
Before any data link is not established among a plurality of carriers, the carriers do not have any prior information, and interactive communication among the carriers is required to be carried out through a blind search mode. Therefore, in S1, the process of establishing data link interactive communication between the carriers and acquiring the initial location information of other carriers specifically includes the following steps:
s11, in an initial state, the communication node a on the first carrier broadcasts and sends its location information through a plurality of antennas on the first carrier, after the sending is completed, the communication node a resides in n time slots on any antenna on the first carrier, where n is the number of nodes (i.e., each node sends its location information on one time slot), and waits for the communication nodes on other carriers to reply their location information;
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S11, the first carrier is provided with 4 antennas, i.e., upper, lower, left and right antennas, and the communication node a repeatedly transmits the location information to each antenna 2 times, i.e., transmits the location information 8 times in total, so as to ensure that the communication nodes on other carriers can receive the location information;
s12, when the communication node A broadcasts and sends the position information, the communication node B arranged on the second carrier randomly selects one antenna from a plurality of antennas also arranged on the second carrier to reside k time slots; wherein, k equals to the number of antennas of the first carrier × the number of transmission times equals to 4 × 2 equals to 8; since the position information is transmitted for 8 times in total in S11, 8 time slots need to be occupied, and therefore, the communication node B must reside in 8 time slots at this time to ensure that the communication node B can receive the position information transmitted by the communication node a;
if the position information sent by the communication node A is received in the period, the communication node B replies the position information to the communication node A through the currently resident antenna after the kth time slot, and the antenna selection of the communication node A and the antenna selection of the communication node B are completed; otherwise, the communication node B continues traversing the next antenna on the second carrier until the communication node A and the communication node B mutually transmit position information to complete respective antenna selection, or the communication node B does not establish a data link with the communication node A after traversing all the antennas; then S13 is continued;
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S12, the second carrier is provided with 4 antennas, namely, an upper antenna, a lower antenna, a left antenna and a right antenna;
s13, repeatedly executing S11, during which the communication node a selects the next antenna on the first carrier to reside in n time slots, and repeatedly executing S12 until the communication node a and the communication node B send location information to each other, complete respective antenna selection, or the communication node a does not establish a data link with the communication node B after traversing all antennas, and waits for the next re-execution of S1; therefore, data links between every two communication nodes of all carriers are established, and initial relative position information is obtained.
Each carrier is provided with a high-precision Beidou positioning system or a GPS positioning system, and the current position information of the carrier can be acquired in real time.
The step S1 is performed again at regular intervals to ensure that the communication node which is not joined for the first time or is off-line in the middle of the process can acquire the location information of each other communication node again.
In S1, the frame structure of the location information transmitted by each node is as shown in fig. 1, the location coordinates (x, y, z) in the location information occupy 4 bytes each, total 12 bytes, and further include flag contents such as station number, slot number, and check bit, the entire frame length is 53 bytes, and the total time consumed by adding the guard interval is 0.7ms in the case of a channel rate of 800 kbps.
In S1, the communication nodes of each carrier transmit the location information in a TDMA (time division multiple access) manner, modulate the location information in an OQPSK + CCSK (offset quadrature phase shift keying + cyclic code shift keying) manner, perform channel coding in a short code RS (33, 25) manner, and demodulate the location information in a non-coherent manner, so as to effectively shorten the interaction time of the location information, reduce the overhead of the data link in antenna selection, improve the refresh rate, and meet the high dynamic requirements.
The step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, according to the position coordinate (x) of the current carrier (communication node A)0,y0,z0) And location coordinates (x) of the target carrier (communication node B)1,y1,z1) And calculating to obtain a relative position vector between the two carriers as follows:
(Δx,Δy,Δz)＝(x1-x0,y1-y0,z1-z0)；
s22, posture information according to current carrier (communication node A)
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for attitude angular heading (yaw), ψ is pitch (pitch), γ is roll angle (roll), and the rotation matrix H is calculated as:
s23, as shown in fig. 3, the expression method of rotating the relative position vector (Δ x, Δ y, Δ z) between the two carriers into a coordinate system centered on the current carrier (communication node a) by the rotation matrix H to obtain the relative vector in the coordinate system is as follows:
(Δx',Δy',Δz')＝(Δx,Δy,Δz)*H；
wherein, the rotation matrix H is a transformation matrix between two coordinate systems;
s24, in a coordinate system taking the current carrier as a center, two coordinate axes of the 3 coordinate axes are selected arbitrarily, the included angle between the vector (delta x ', delta y ', delta z ') and the two coordinate axes is calculated, and the mounting positions of the antennas on the current carrier are combined according to the two included angles, so that the optimal antenna direction between the two carriers is obtained. For example, 4 antennas are disposed at the upper, lower, left and right positions on the current carrier, and based on the two calculated included angles, the minimum included angle between the vector (Δ x ', Δ y ', Δ z ') and the 4 antennas is determined as the best antenna pointing direction.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the angle θ between the calculated vector (Δ X ', Δ Y ', Δ z ') and the X-axis unit vector (1,0,0) and the Y-axis unit vector (0,1,0), respectively, is calculated1,θ2。
And each carrier is provided with an inertial navigation system, so that the current attitude information of the carrier can be acquired in real time.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the comparison and verification of the communication antenna selection algorithm provided by the invention can be specifically realized by utilizing a Matlab simulation platform and an FPGA, and the verification results show that the angle calculation precision of the invention can reach within 0.1 degrees, and higher precision can be reached under the condition of further reserving more operation digits. Meanwhile, the operation time in the FPGA platform is less than 5 microseconds, and the dynamic requirement of a high dynamic carrier is met.
The invention determines the best antenna by traversing all the antennas on both carriers before no connection is established between the two communication nodes, i.e. without any a priori information, but the traversal takes a little longer. And after the connection is established between the communication nodes, the optimal antenna is determined by exchanging position and attitude calculation modes.
In summary, the antenna selection method for networking communication among multiple high dynamic carriers provided by the invention exchanges high-precision self-positioning information and differential navigation information through the data links among the carriers, and calculates the optimal pointing antenna among the carriers by combining inertial navigation information of the carriers. The invention combines the establishment of the TDMA burst form data link, can insert the broadcast position information at any time, has short time and low delay, and improves the adaptability to high dynamic carriers.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. An antenna selection method for networking communication among a plurality of high dynamic carriers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing data links among the multiple carriers through a blind search mode, carrying out interactive communication, and acquiring initial position information of other carriers;
s2, calculating the optimal antenna direction between the other carriers and the current carrier according to the position information of the other carriers acquired through the data link and the position and posture information of the current carrier;
s3, calculating the optimal antenna direction between every two carriers by adopting the method of S2;
wherein, in S1, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s11, the first carrier broadcasts and sends the position information of the first carrier through a plurality of antennas arranged on the first carrier, and repeatedly sends the position information to each antenna for a plurality of times respectively, after the sending is finished, n time slots reside on any antenna on the first carrier, wherein n is the number of nodes, and the first carrier waits for other carriers to reply the position information;
s12, when the first carrier broadcasts and sends the position information, the second carrier randomly selects one antenna from the antennas on the second carrier to reside k time slots; wherein k is the number of antennas of the first carrier multiplied by the number of transmission times;
if the position information of the first carrier is received, the second carrier replies the position information to the first carrier through the antenna which is currently resided after the kth time slot, and the antenna selection of the first carrier and the second carrier is completed; otherwise, the second carrier continues traversing the next antenna on the second carrier until the first carrier and the second carrier mutually send position information to complete antenna selection, or the second carrier does not establish a data link with the first carrier after traversing all the antennas; then S13 is continued;
s13, repeatedly executing S11, during which the first carrier selects the next antenna on the first carrier to reside in n time slots, and repeatedly executing S12 until the first carrier and the second carrier mutually transmit position information to complete antenna selection, or the first carrier does not establish a data link with the second carrier after traversing all antennas, and waits for the next re-execution of S1; thus, data links between every two carriers are established, and initial relative position information is obtained.
2. The method for selecting antennas for networking communications among multiple high dynamic carriers according to claim 1, wherein each of the carriers is provided with a high precision Beidou positioning system or a GPS positioning system to obtain current position information of the carrier in real time.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 is performed again at regular intervals, so that the carrier that is not joined for the first time or is offline in the middle can retrieve the location information of each other carrier.
4. The method for selecting antennas in networking communications among multiple high dynamic carriers of claim 1, wherein in S1, the communication nodes of each carrier transmit location information in a TDMA manner.
5. The method for selecting an antenna for networking communications among multiple high dynamic carriers of claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises the steps of:
s21, calculating a relative position vector (delta x, delta y, delta z) between the first carrier and the second carrier according to the position coordinates of the first carrier and the position coordinates of the second carrier;
s22, calculating a rotation matrix H according to the attitude information of the first carrier, including attitude angle course, pitch and roll angle;
s23, rotating the relative position vector (delta x, delta y, delta z) between the first carrier and the second carrier into a coordinate system with the first carrier as a center through a rotation matrix H to obtain a relative vector (delta x ', delta y ', delta z ') in the coordinate system with the first carrier as the center;
s24, in a coordinate system centered on the first carrier, arbitrarily selecting 2 coordinate axes out of the 3 coordinate axes, calculating an angle between the vector (Δ x ', Δ y', Δ z ') and the two coordinate axes, and taking the antenna having the smallest angle with the vector (Δ x', Δ y ', Δ z') as an optimal antenna direction between the first carrier and the second carrier in combination with the mounting positions of the antennas on the first carrier.
6. The method for selecting antennas for networking communications among multiple high dynamic carriers according to claim 5, wherein an inertial navigation system is installed on each of the carriers to obtain current attitude information of the carrier in real time.
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