CN109301493B - Giant telescope reflecting surface structure supporting optical and radio observation - Google Patents
Giant telescope reflecting surface structure supporting optical and radio observation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109301493B CN109301493B CN201811234597.0A CN201811234597A CN109301493B CN 109301493 B CN109301493 B CN 109301493B CN 201811234597 A CN201811234597 A CN 201811234597A CN 109301493 B CN109301493 B CN 109301493B
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- Prior art keywords
- reflecting surface
- optical
- cabin body
- reflection
- radio observation
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/145—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures comprising a plurality of reflecting particles, e.g. radar chaff
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/1821—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors for rotating or oscillating mirrors
Abstract
The application discloses a giant telescope reflecting surface structure supporting optical and radio observation, wherein a main reflecting surface is formed by splicing a plurality of reflecting surface sub-units, and adjacent reflecting surface sub-units are connected through a node disc; the reflecting surface subunit comprises a reflecting surface cabin body, and an optical reflecting panel is embedded in the upper end surface of the reflecting surface cabin body; the bottom edge of the reflecting surface cabin body is provided with a tape winding and unwinding mechanism, the middle parts of the two side edges of the reflecting surface cabin body are hinged with gantry tape winding driving rods, one side of a flexible metal tape is fixedly connected to the upper part of each tape winding driving rod, and the other side of the flexible metal tape is connected with the tape winding and unwinding mechanism. The application protects the reflection surface of the giant optical telescope by fragments, does not need to build a dome, ensures the safety of the optical telescope mirror surface, and prolongs the replacement and maintenance period of the optical telescope mirror surface unit; each reflecting surface subunit can be switched in two modes of optical observation and radio observation, and even can perform optical and radio observation simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of reflection surface structures of giant telescope, in particular to a reflection surface structure of a giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation.
Background
Under the same conditions, the telescope aperture is increased directly to increase the telescope sensitivity, so that the targets which cannot be observed by the telescope with low sensitivity can be observed. An array of multiple telescopes may lead to improved resolution. For astronomical observation, the increase of caliber still has great practical significance under the condition that technology can be realized and cost is acceptable. But as caliber increases, a number of difficulties are presented including, but not limited to, precise control of the position and attitude of critical components, structural support, and the like. Huge telescopes, both optical and radio, present a great technical challenge, while also requiring high economic costs.
Because of the gravity, temperature and deformation caused by wind load, the giant telescope (optical or radio) adopts spliced mirror surfaces and/or active optical technology.
In addition, conventional optical telescopes are typically placed within a dome through which a good operating environment is provided for the operation of the telescope. For a huge optical telescope, the dome construction is more difficult, so that other ways for guaranteeing the operation of the optical telescope are necessary to be explored.
In addition, the structural support of the giant telescope takes up significant cost and technical content. The technical scheme provided by the application provides a technical approach for switching or simultaneously operating optical and radio observation under the same structural support system.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the application and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a reflection surface structure of a giant telescope for supporting optical and radio observation so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
the giant telescope reflecting surface structure supporting optical and radio observation comprises a main reflecting surface, wherein the main reflecting surface is formed by splicing a plurality of reflecting surface subunits, and adjacent reflecting surface subunits are connected through a node disc;
the reflecting surface sub-unit comprises a reflecting surface cabin body, and an optical reflecting panel is embedded in the upper end surface of the reflecting surface cabin body;
the bottom edge or the side edge of the reflecting surface cabin body is provided with a tape winding and unwinding mechanism, the middle parts of the two side edges or the two bottom edges of the reflecting surface cabin body are hinged with gantry tape driving rods, and each tape driving rod comprises L-shaped longitudinal driving rods on the two sides and connecting plates/rods which are fixedly arranged between the two longitudinal driving rods in a crossing manner; one side of a flexible metal coiled tape is fixedly connected to the connecting plate/rod, the other side of the flexible metal coiled tape is connected with the coiled tape retracting mechanism, a driving motor is arranged in the reflecting surface cabin body in cooperation with the coiled tape driving rod, and at least one longitudinal driving rod is connected with the driving motor;
the node disc is arranged below the top angle of the reflecting surface cabin body, and an actuator is connected below the node disc.
As a further technical solution, the main reflecting surface has the same configuration and size as all the reflecting surface sub-units within a circle with the same center distance from the main reflecting surface.
As a further technical scheme, the reflecting surface structure further comprises a secondary reflecting surface, wherein the secondary reflecting surface is positioned above the main reflecting surface through a cable support, and the azimuth and the attitude of the secondary reflecting surface are precisely controlled through cable driving; a feed source and receiver device are mounted behind the aperture.
As a further technical scheme, the auxiliary reflecting surface is the same as the main reflecting surface and is formed by splicing a plurality of reflecting surface subunits.
As a further embodiment, the reflecting surface subunits which are radially different differ only in terms of circumferential dimension and are identical in structure.
As a further technical scheme, the reflecting surface cabin body is made of duralumin, indium steel or other materials with low thermal expansion rate; the optical reflection panel is made of microcrystalline glass, beryllium or other optical telescope reflection surface materials with low thermal expansion rate.
As a further technical scheme, a plurality of micro electrostriction actuators are arranged in the reflecting surface cabin below the optical reflecting panel and used for carrying out surface shape adjustment required by self-adaptive optics on the optical reflecting panel and fine adjustment on the integral posture of the optical reflecting surface subunit.
As a further technical scheme, the reflecting surface cabin body is internally provided with an inertial attitude, displacement and acceleration sensor based on the MEMS principle, and the inertial attitude, displacement and acceleration sensor is used for acquiring the attitude of the reflecting surface subunit in real time and providing basis for accurately controlling and adjusting the attitude.
As a further technical scheme, the winding and unwinding mechanism is a spring winding and unwinding structure.
As a further technical scheme, in cooperation with the actuator, an actuator connecting hole or a flange connecting structure is arranged in the center of the node plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the application has the following beneficial effects:
the application protects the reflection surface of the giant optical telescope by fragments, does not need to build a dome, ensures the safety of the optical telescope mirror surface, and prolongs the replacement and maintenance period (mainly coating film) of the optical telescope mirror surface unit.
The main reflecting surface of the application can be switched between optical observation and radio observation modes, and even can simultaneously carry out optical and radio observation (part of reflecting surfaces are optical mirror surfaces and part of reflecting surfaces are radio reflecting surfaces), and corresponding secondary equipment is respectively a secondary reflecting surface (optical observation) and a feed source and a receiver (radio observation). The technical measures provide more scientific observation possibilities, and the possibility of simultaneously acquiring a plurality of different optical and radio wave band data under the same direction is provided for the research of various celestial objects. Meanwhile, as the main body supporting structures are the same, the overall construction and operation costs of the giant telescope, including site selection costs and management costs, are greatly saved, especially for the giant telescope.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective surface subunit in a semi-covered state of a flexible metal tape according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective surface subunit in a fully covered state of a flexible metal tape according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a reflective surface subunit according to an embodiment of the present application in an uncovered state of a flexible metal tape;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal structure of a reflective surface subunit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reflective surface with both optical and radio reflective surfaces according to an embodiment of the present application;
icon: 1-node disc; 2-a reflecting surface cabin; 3-an optical reflective panel; 4-a tape winding and unwinding mechanism; 5-a tape drive lever; 6-a longitudinal drive rod; 7-connecting plates/bars; 8-flexible metal tape; 9-driving a motor; 10-actuator connection holes; 11-a miniature electrostrictive actuator; 12-inertial attitude, displacement and acceleration sensor; 13-line holes; 14-an optical reflective surface; 15-radio reflection surface.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the application are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The following describes specific embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the application, are not intended to limit the application.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a reflection surface structure of a giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation, which includes a main reflection surface, wherein the main reflection surface is formed by splicing a plurality of reflection surface sub-units, and adjacent reflection surface sub-units are connected through a node disc 1;
the reflecting surface sub-unit comprises a reflecting surface cabin body 2, and an optical reflecting panel 3 is embedded into the upper end surface of the reflecting surface cabin body 2;
the bottom edge of the reflecting surface cabin body 2 is provided with a tape winding and unwinding mechanism 4, the middle parts of the two side edges of the reflecting surface cabin body 2 are hinged with gantry tape winding driving rods 5, and each tape winding driving rod 5 comprises L-shaped longitudinal driving rods 6 at two sides and a connecting plate/rod 7 which is fixedly arranged between the two longitudinal driving rods 6 in a crossing manner; one side of a flexible metal tape 8 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate/rod 7, the other side of the flexible metal tape 8 is connected with the tape winding and unwinding mechanism 4, a driving motor 9 is arranged in the reflecting surface cabin body in cooperation with the tape driving rod 5, and at least one longitudinal driving rod 6 is connected with the driving motor 9; the tape-winding driving rod 5 is driven by the driving motor 9 to rotate, so that the flexible metal tape 8 is driven to cover the upper surface of the reflecting surface cabin body, and the reflecting surface subunit is used for radio observation; or the optical reflection panel 3 embedded in the upper surface of the reflection surface cabin body is completely opened, and the reflection surface subunit is used for optical observation;
the node disc is arranged below the top angle of the reflecting surface cabin body, and an actuator is connected below the node disc; an actuator connection hole 10 is provided in the center of the node plate 1 in cooperation with the actuator.
In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, in a circle of the main reflecting surface having the same distance from the center of the main reflecting surface, all the reflecting surface sub-units are identical in configuration and size; and convenience is provided for batch processing and manufacturing and spare part replacement and maintenance. Because all the reflecting surface units in the annular direction have the same mechanical specification and reflecting surface shape, all the units in the annular direction have interchangeability, the manufacturing difficulty, the manufacturing cost and the adjusting difficulty are greatly reduced, and the maintainability is improved.
In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, the reflecting surface structure further includes a secondary reflecting surface, the secondary reflecting surface is supported above the primary reflecting surface by a cable, and the azimuth and the attitude of the secondary reflecting surface are precisely controlled by cable driving; a feed source and receiver device are mounted behind the aperture. Preferably, the auxiliary reflecting surface is formed by splicing a plurality of reflecting surface subunits as the main reflecting surface.
In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, the reflecting surface subunits which are different in radial direction are different only in terms of circumferential dimension, and the structures are completely the same, which brings convenience to parameterized design of subunits.
In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, the reflecting surface capsule 2 is made of duralumin, indium steel or other materials with low thermal expansion coefficient; the optical reflection panel 3 is made of microcrystalline glass, beryllium or other optical telescope reflection surface materials with low thermal expansion rate.
In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, a plurality of micro electrostriction actuators 11 are disposed in the reflecting surface cabin below the optical reflecting panel, and are used for performing adaptive optics required surface shape adjustment on the optical reflecting panel 3 so as to compensate wavefront distortion caused by atmospheric turbulence and the like, and for fine adjustment of the overall posture of the optical reflecting surface subunit.
In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, the reflecting surface cabin body is provided with an inertial attitude, displacement and acceleration sensor 12 based on MEMS principle, which is used for acquiring the attitude of the reflecting surface subunit in real time, so as to provide a basis for controlling and adjusting the attitude thereof. The reflecting surface cabin body is also provided with a wire hole 13 for laying a power wire and a signal wire.
In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, the winding and unwinding mechanism 4 is a spring winding and unwinding structure; of course, the winding and unwinding mechanism 4 may be a motor-driven winding and unwinding structure, and is preferably a spring winding and unwinding structure.
The application adopts the incremental reflecting surface subunit structure, and the position and the gesture of each reflecting surface subunit structure can be independently and accurately adjusted within a certain range. After the functions of other parts of the telescope are realized, scientific observation can be started in the process of adding the subunits of the reflecting surface, and the more the subunits are installed, the larger the effective reflecting surface area is. The multi-piece self-unit structure is adopted, so that the materials of each reflecting surface subunit can be different, and conditions are provided for testing the performances of different materials.
As shown in fig. 5, since each reflection surface subunit can be switched to the optical or radio mode independently, the entire reflection surface can have both the partial optical reflection surface 14 and the partial radio reflection surface 15 (the coexistence can be multiple, irregular intervals, fan-shaped intervals, annular intervals, etc.), and the sub-surfaces do the same operation (partial optical reflection surface and partial radio reflection surface). The receiver of the radio telescope and the CCD of the optical telescope are reasonably configured, so that the whole telescope can simultaneously carry out optical and radio observation.
The application has the other advantage that the mature adjustment technology of the optical mirror surface can be used for adjusting the positions and the attitudes of the reflecting surface units and the nodes, and the optical adjustment result naturally meets the accuracy requirement of radio observation and provides favorable conditions for the radio observation. In addition, when the optical reflection surface layout condition is not provided, the application supports the radio reflection surface layout firstly, and when the condition is mature, the reflection surface sub-unit structure supporting the optical and radio observation switching is replaced or upgraded.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The giant telescope reflecting surface structure supporting optical and radio observation is characterized by comprising a main reflecting surface, wherein the main reflecting surface is formed by splicing a plurality of reflecting surface subunits, and the adjacent reflecting surface subunits are connected through a node disc;
the reflecting surface sub-unit comprises a reflecting surface cabin body, and an optical reflecting panel is embedded in the upper end surface of the reflecting surface cabin body;
the bottom edge of the reflecting surface cabin body is provided with a tape winding and unwinding mechanism, the middle parts of the two side edges of the reflecting surface cabin body are hinged with gantry tape driving rods, and each tape driving rod comprises L-shaped longitudinal driving rods on two sides and a connecting plate/rod which is fixedly arranged between the two longitudinal driving rods in a crossing manner; one side of a flexible metal coiled tape is fixedly connected to the connecting plate/rod, the other side of the flexible metal coiled tape is connected with the coiled tape retracting mechanism, a driving motor is arranged in the reflecting surface cabin body in cooperation with the coiled tape driving rod, and at least one longitudinal driving rod is connected with the driving motor; the coil driving rod is driven by the driving motor to rotate, so that the flexible metal coil is driven to cover the upper surface of the reflecting surface cabin body, and the reflecting surface subunit is used for radio observation; or the optical reflection panel embedded in the upper surface of the reflection surface cabin body is completely opened, and the reflection surface subunit is used for optical observation;
the node disc is arranged below the top angle of the reflecting surface cabin body, and an actuator is connected below the node disc.
2. The structure of reflecting surface of giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation according to claim 1, wherein all the reflecting surface sub-units are identical in construction and size within a circle of the same distance from the center of the main reflecting surface.
3. The structure of the reflecting surface of the giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting surface structure further comprises a secondary reflecting surface, the secondary reflecting surface is positioned above the main reflecting surface through a cable support, and the azimuth and the attitude of the secondary reflecting surface are precisely controlled through cable driving; a feed source and receiver device are mounted behind the aperture.
4. A reflective surface structure of a giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation according to claim 3, wherein said sub-reflective surface is formed by splicing a plurality of sub-units of reflective surface as said main reflective surface.
5. The structure of reflecting surface of giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting surface sub-units different in radial direction are different only in circumferential dimension and are identical in structure.
6. The reflection surface structure of the giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation according to claim 1, wherein the reflection surface cabin is made of duralumin or indium steel; the optical reflection panel is made of microcrystalline glass or beryllium.
7. The reflection surface structure of the giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of micro electrostriction actuators are arranged in the reflection surface cabin below the optical reflection panel, and are used for carrying out surface shape adjustment required by adaptive optics on the optical reflection panel and fine adjustment on the overall posture of the optical reflection surface subunit.
8. The reflection surface structure of the giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation according to claim 1, wherein the reflection surface cabin is internally provided with inertial attitude, displacement and acceleration sensors based on the MEMS principle, and the inertial attitude, displacement and acceleration sensors are used for acquiring the attitude of the reflection surface subunit in real time, so as to provide basis for accurately controlling and adjusting the attitude.
9. The reflection surface structure of giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation according to claim 1, wherein the winding and unwinding mechanism is a clockwork winding and unwinding structure.
10. The reflection surface structure of the giant telescope supporting optical and radio observation according to claim 1, wherein an actuator connection hole or a flange connection structure is provided at the center of the node plate in cooperation with the actuator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811234597.0A CN109301493B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Giant telescope reflecting surface structure supporting optical and radio observation |
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| CN201811234597.0A CN109301493B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Giant telescope reflecting surface structure supporting optical and radio observation |
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| CN109301493B true CN109301493B (en) | 2023-10-17 |
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