CN109301396A - Battery heat preservation system and its control method under a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Battery heat preservation system and its control method under a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109301396A CN109301396A CN201810972193.5A CN201810972193A CN109301396A CN 109301396 A CN109301396 A CN 109301396A CN 201810972193 A CN201810972193 A CN 201810972193A CN 109301396 A CN109301396 A CN 109301396A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses battery heat preservation system and its control methods under a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle, including heat exchange box, controller, it starts switch, protective switch, limit temperature/heat-insulation switch, insulation indicator lamp, heating lamp, electric heater, circulation power source and temperature-detecting device, the heat transfer medium for flowing through electric heater is heated by opening electric heater under low-temperature environment, then circulation power source driving heat transfer medium is moved in circles between electric heater and heat exchange box by heat transfer pipe, heat transfer medium carries out heat exchange with battery pack after entering heat exchange box, the battery pack in heat exchange box can be passed to from heat transfer medium due to the higher temperature at this time of heat-transfer medium temperature, then the heat transfer medium for completing heat exchange reenters electric heater and is heated, to persistently be heated to battery pack;Therefore the present invention can be heated and be kept the temperature to the battery last under low temperature environment, to greatly shorten the time that battery pack is in low temperature environment, extend the service life of battery pack.
Description
Technical field
It is electric under specifically a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle the present invention relates to a kind of battery heat preservation system and its control method
Pond heat-insulation system and its control method.
Background technique
As the power battery of one of electric car core technology, performance directly affects the performance of electric car, occupies
Very important status.
If power battery is placed under low temperature environment for a long time, the destruction of inside battery structure, capacity attenuation, service life drop will cause
It is low, the course continuation mileage of electric car is greatly reduced, or even start electric car can not, has seriously affected pushing away for electric car
Wide application.Traditional battery thermal management system, it is main to focus on opening under the heat dissipation of battery and low temperature environment when electric car is run
Interim heating when dynamic, and the lasting heat preservation being placed under low temperature environment for a long time for battery does not have research, therefore how right
Battery under low temperature environment is placed in for a long time to carry out continuing the problem of heat preservation is industry urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above existing problems in the prior art, the present invention provides battery thermal systems under a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle
System and its control method, can be heated and be kept the temperature to the battery last under low temperature environment, be in greatly shorten battery pack
The time of low temperature environment extends the service life of battery pack.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: battery is protected under a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle
Warm system, including heat exchange box, controller, start switch, protective switch, limit temperature/heat-insulation switch, insulation indicator lamp, heating instruction
Lamp, Electrocontrolled tee valve, electric heater, circulation power source and temperature-detecting device,
Battery pack is arranged in heat exchange box, and two ports of Electrocontrolled tee valve pass through the stream of heat transfer pipe and heat exchange box respectively
Outlet is connected to the inlet port of electric heater, and the outflux of electric heater is connected by heat transfer pipe and the inlet port in circulation power source
Logical, the outflux in circulation power source is connected to by heat transfer pipe with the inlet port of heat exchange box;In the heat exchange box and heat transfer pipe
It is filled with heat transfer medium;
The battery pack, start switch, protective switch, limit temperature/heat-insulation switch and electric heater be sequentially connected in series forming circuit,
Protective switch is normally closed switch, and starting switch and limit temperature/heat-insulation switch is normal open switch;Insulation indicator lamp series connection one current limliting electricity
It is connected in parallel on limit temperature/heat-insulation switch both ends after resistance R1, is connected in parallel on electric heater after one current-limiting resistance R2 of heating lamp series connection
Both ends, wherein current-limiting resistance R1 is equal with the resistance value of current-limiting resistance R2;
The controller respectively with temperature-detecting device, start switch, protective switch and limit temperature/heat-insulation switch connects, electric
Pond group is controller, Electrocontrolled tee valve, electric heater and the power supply of circulation power source.
Further, the circulation power source is circulation pump or fan.
Further, the battery pack is that multisection lithium battery forms in series and parallel.
Further, the temperature-detecting device is made of temperature sensor a, temperature sensor b and temperature sensor c, temperature
The outside of heat exchange box is arranged in degree sensor a, is used for real-time monitoring environment temperature;Temperature sensor b is arranged in battery surface,
For real-time monitoring battery pack temperature;Temperature sensor c setting is used for real-time monitoring heat transfer medium temperature on heat transfer pipe surface
Degree.
Further, the heat transfer medium is water or air or conduction oil.
Further, insulating layer is enclosed with outside the heat transfer pipe.
The control method of battery heat preservation system, specific steps under a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle are as follows:
I, the value of minimum temperature T1 and the value of maximum temperature T2 are first set, is then stored in controller;
II, controller detects the working condition of onboard system first, if onboard system is in non-working condition, controller
Control starts switch closure, controller real-time reception temperature-detecting device transmits at this time ambient temperature value, battery pack temperature value
With heat-transfer medium temperature value;
III, since environment temperature and heat-transfer medium temperature seriously affect the efficiency of battery pack heat preservation, when environment temperature is unexpected
When variation, the heat that heat transfer medium is transmitted to battery pack can great changes will take place.In addition when heat-insulation system works, electric heater
There are hesitations to the process that battery pack keeps the temperature battery pack for the heat transfer of generation, it is therefore desirable to utilize environment temperature, electricity
Pond group temperature and heat-transfer medium temperature predict battery pack future temperature;Ambient temperature value that controller will test, battery
Group temperature value and heat-transfer medium temperature value carry out real-time analytical calculation, to obtain battery pack predicting temperature values T;Detailed process
Are as follows: first to environment temperature, battery pack temperature and the heat-transfer medium temperature information detected using known neural network algorithm into
Row screening analysis, establishes battery pack temperature historical information, so that it is pre- to establish the battery pack temperature based on known neural network algorithm
Survey model;Battery pack predicting temperature values can be predicted by the model;When controller runs the prediction model, the prediction model
By real-time detection to ambient temperature value, battery pack temperature value and heat-transfer medium temperature value merge, to estimate battery
The temperature value of group subsequent time, i.e. battery pack predicting temperature values T;
IV, controller compares the battery pack predicting temperature values T being calculated and minimum temperature T1 and maximum temperature T2
Right, if battery pack predicting temperature values T is lower than minimum temperature T1, controller control limit temperature/heat-insulation switch is closed, at this time battery pack
Start electric heater with power P for electric heater power supply1Work, while controller control loop power source is opened, and makes to conduct heat
Medium is moved in circles between electric heater and battery pack by heat transfer pipe, to begin to warm up to battery pack, heated
Heating lamp is in illuminating state in journey, since insulation indicator lamp is connected in parallel on limit temperature/heat-insulation switch both ends, when limit temperature/heat preservation
When switch is in closure, insulation indicator lamp is short-circuited in non-lit up state at this time;When the battery pack that controller is calculated is pre-
When thermometric angle value T is greater than maximum temperature T2, controller control limit temperature/heat-insulation switch is disconnected, at this time insulation indicator lamp and current limliting electricity
Resistance R1 is connected into circuit, since current-limiting resistance R1 is much larger than the internal resistance of electric heater, can reduce the electric current in circuit and then make
Electric heater is with power P2Work, i.e. power P2Much smaller than power P1, while circulation power source is still opened, and battery pack is entered
Keeping warm mode, since heating lamp lights required point light current greater than the electric current in the circuit after current limliting, heating refers to
Show that lamp is in non-lit up state, insulation indicator lamp is in illuminating state;
If V, the battery pack real-time temperature values that controller receives be greater than maximum temperature T2 continue for some time after (this when
Between it is related with heating power and the maximum temperature T2 of setting), then controller control protective switch disconnect, to cut off electric heater
With the connection status of battery pack, heating lamp and insulation indicator lamp are in non-lit up state at this time.
Compared with prior art, the present invention using heat exchange box, controller, start switch, protective switch, limit temperature/heat preservation open
Pass, insulation indicator lamp, heating lamp, Electrocontrolled tee valve, electric heater, circulation power source and the temperature-detecting device side of combining
Formula heats the heat transfer medium for flowing through electric heater by opening electric heater under low-temperature environment, then by following
Ring power source drive heat transfer medium is moved in circles between electric heater and heat exchange box by heat transfer pipe, and heat transfer medium is entering
Heat exchange is carried out with battery pack after heat exchange box, since the higher temperature at this time of heat-transfer medium temperature can pass to heat exchange from heat transfer medium
Battery pack in case, the heat transfer medium for then completing heat exchange reenters electric heater and is heated, to hold to battery pack
It is continuous to be heated;Therefore the present invention can be heated and be kept the temperature to the battery last under low temperature environment, to greatly shorten battery
Group is in the time of low temperature environment, extends the service life of battery pack.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the electrical schematic diagram of the present invention with battery pack;
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 3 is control flow chart of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the calculation flow chart of battery pack predicting temperature values in the present invention.
In figure: 101- heat-insulation system;102- battery pack;103- onboard system;201- heat transfer pipe;202- is started switch;
203- protective switch;204- limits temperature/heat-insulation switch;205- controller;206- insulation indicator lamp;207- heating lamp;208-
Electrocontrolled tee valve;209- electric heater;210- circulation power source;211- temperature sensor a;212- temperature sensor b;213- temperature
Spend sensor c.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below.
As shown, battery heat preservation system under a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle, including heat exchange box, controller 205, starting
Switch 202, protective switch 203, limit temperature/heat-insulation switch 204, insulation indicator lamp 206, heating lamp 207, Electrocontrolled tee valve
208, electric heater 209, circulation power source 210 and temperature-detecting device,
Battery pack 102 be arranged in heat exchange box, two ports of Electrocontrolled tee valve 208 pass through respectively heat transfer pipe 201 with
The outflux of heat exchange box is connected to the inlet port of electric heater 209, the outflux of electric heater 209 by heat transfer pipe 201 with
The inlet port in circulation power source 210 is connected to, and the outflux in circulation power source 210 passes through the entrance of heat transfer pipe 201 and heat exchange box
Mouth connection;Heat transfer medium is filled in the heat exchange box and heat transfer pipe 201;
The battery pack 102, start switch 202, protective switch 203, limit temperature/heat-insulation switch 204 and electric heater 209 according to
Secondary series connection forming circuit, protective switch 203 are normally closed switch, and starting switch 202 and limiting temperature/heat-insulation switch 204 is normally opened open
It closes;Limit temperature/heat-insulation switch 204 both ends, heating lamp 207 are connected in parallel on after one current-limiting resistance R1 of the series connection of insulation indicator lamp 206
It connects and is connected in parallel on the both ends of electric heater 209 after a current-limiting resistance R2, wherein the resistance value phase of current-limiting resistance R1 and current-limiting resistance R2
Deng;
The controller 205 respectively with temperature-detecting device, start switch 202, protective switch 203 and limit temperature/heat preservation open
204 connections are closed, battery pack 102 is that controller 205, Electrocontrolled tee valve 208, electric heater 209 and circulation power source 210 power.
Further, the circulation power source 210 is circulation pump or fan.It is dynamic according to the property of heat transfer medium and required circulation
The on-demand optimum selecting of the size of power.
Further, the battery pack 102 is that multisection lithium battery forms in series and parallel.This structure is adding battery pack 102
It is heated more evenly when hot.
Further, the temperature-detecting device is by temperature sensor a211, temperature sensor b212 and temperature sensor
The outside of heat exchange box is arranged in c213 composition, temperature sensor a211, is used for real-time monitoring environment temperature;Temperature sensor b212
Setting is used for 102 temperature of real-time monitoring battery pack on 102 surface of battery pack;Temperature sensor c213 is arranged in heat transfer pipe 201
Surface is used for real-time monitoring heat-transfer medium temperature.
Further, the heat transfer medium is water or air or conduction oil.Three kinds of heat transfer mediums are low according to locating for battery pack 102
The minimum temperature of warm environment, on-demand optimum selecting.
Further, insulating layer is enclosed with outside the heat transfer pipe 201.Setting insulating layer can reduce heat transfer medium in pipeline
It is exchanged with the heat of external environment, reduces the thermal loss in heat transfer medium transmission process, improved the heating to battery pack 102 and imitate
Rate.
The control method of battery heat preservation system, specific steps under a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle are as follows:
I, the value of minimum temperature T1 and the value of maximum temperature T2 are first set, is then stored in controller 205;
II, controller 205 detects the working condition of onboard system first, if to be in non-working condition (vehicle-mounted for onboard system
System itself can generate heat at work and can heat to battery pack 102, work without electric heater 209), then it controls
Device 205 processed control starts switch 202 closures, 205 real-time reception temperature-detecting device of controller transmits at this time ambient temperature value,
Battery pack temperature value and heat-transfer medium temperature value;
III, since environment temperature and heat-transfer medium temperature seriously affect the efficiency of the heat preservation of battery pack 102, when environment temperature is prominent
So when variation, the heat that heat transfer medium is transmitted to battery pack 102 can great changes will take place.In addition when heat-insulation system works, electricity
There are hesitations to the process that battery pack 102 keeps the temperature battery pack 102 for the heat transfer that heater 209 generates, it is therefore desirable to
102 temperature of battery pack is predicted using environment temperature, battery pack temperature and heat-transfer medium temperature;Controller 205 will test
Ambient temperature value, battery pack temperature value and heat-transfer medium temperature value carry out real-time analytical calculation, to obtain battery pack prediction
Temperature value T;Detailed process are as follows: first to environment temperature, battery pack temperature and the heat-transfer medium temperature information detected using
Know that neural network algorithm carries out screening analysis, establish battery pack temperature historical information, is calculated to establish based on known neural network
The battery pack temperature prediction model of method;Battery pack predicting temperature values can be predicted by the model;When controller runs the prediction
When model, the prediction model by real-time detection to ambient temperature value, battery pack temperature value and heat-transfer medium temperature value melt
It closes, thus estimate the temperature value of battery pack subsequent time, i.e. battery pack predicting temperature values T;
IV, controller 205 carries out the battery pack predicting temperature values T being calculated and minimum temperature T1 and maximum temperature T2
It compares, if battery pack predicting temperature values T is lower than minimum temperature T1, the control limit temperature/heat-insulation switch 204 of controller 205 is closed, this
When battery pack 102 be electric heater 209 power supply make electric heater 209 start with power P1Work, while the control of controller 205 follows
Ring power source 210 is opened, and recycles heat transfer medium between electric heater 209 and battery pack 102 by heat transfer pipe 201 past
Multiple, to begin to warm up to battery pack 102, heating lamp 207 is in illuminating state during heating, since heat preservation indicates
Lamp 206 is connected in parallel on limit temperature/204 both ends of heat-insulation switch, when limiting temperature/heat-insulation switch 204 and being in closure, insulation indicator lamp at this time
206 are short-circuited in non-lit up state;When the battery pack predicting temperature values T that controller 205 is calculated is greater than maximum temperature T2
When, the control limit temperature/heat-insulation switch 204 of controller 205 disconnects, and insulation indicator lamp 206 and current-limiting resistance R1 are connected into circuit at this time, by
In current-limiting resistance R1 be much larger than electric heater 209 internal resistance, therefore can reduce the electric current in circuit so that make electric heater 209 with
Power P2Work, i.e. power P2Much smaller than power P1, while circulation power source 210 is still opened, and battery pack 102 is made to enter heat preservation
State, since heating lamp 207 lights required point light current greater than the electric current in the circuit after current limliting, heating instruction
Lamp 207 is in non-lit up state, and insulation indicator lamp 206 is in illuminating state;
If V, the battery pack real-time temperature values that controller 205 receives are greater than after maximum temperature T2 is continued for some time and (are somebody's turn to do
Time is related with heating power and the maximum temperature T2 of setting), then controller 205 controls protective switch 203 and disconnects, to cut off
The connection status of electric heater 209 and battery pack 102, heating lamp 207 and insulation indicator lamp 206 are in non-lit up at this time
State.
Claims (7)
1. battery heat preservation system under a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle, which is characterized in that opened including heat exchange box, controller, starting
Pass, protective switch, limit temperature/heat-insulation switch, insulation indicator lamp, heating lamp, Electrocontrolled tee valve, electric heater, circulation power
Source and temperature-detecting device,
Battery pack is arranged in heat exchange box, and two ports of Electrocontrolled tee valve pass through the outflux of heat transfer pipe and heat exchange box respectively
It being connected to the inlet port of electric heater, the outflux of electric heater is connected to by heat transfer pipe with the inlet port in circulation power source,
The outflux in circulation power source is connected to by heat transfer pipe with the inlet port of heat exchange box;It is filled in the heat exchange box and heat transfer pipe
Heat transfer medium;
The battery pack, start switch, protective switch, limit temperature/heat-insulation switch and electric heater be sequentially connected in series forming circuit, protection
Switch is normally closed switch, and starting switch and limit temperature/heat-insulation switch is normal open switch;One current-limiting resistance R1 of insulation indicator lamp series connection
It is connected in parallel on limit temperature/heat-insulation switch both ends afterwards, the both ends of electric heater are connected in parallel on after one current-limiting resistance R2 of heating lamp series connection,
Wherein current-limiting resistance R1 is equal with the resistance value of current-limiting resistance R2;
The controller respectively with temperature-detecting device, start switch, protective switch and limit temperature/heat-insulation switch connect, battery pack
For the power supply of controller, Electrocontrolled tee valve, electric heater and circulation power source.
2. battery heat preservation system under low-temperature environment of electric vehicle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the circulation is dynamic
Power source is circulation pump or fan.
3. battery heat preservation system under low-temperature environment of electric vehicle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the battery pack
It is formed in series and parallel for multisection lithium battery.
4. battery heat preservation system under low-temperature environment of electric vehicle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature inspection
It surveys device to be made of temperature sensor a, temperature sensor b and temperature sensor c, the outer of heat exchange box is arranged in temperature sensor a
Portion is used for real-time monitoring environment temperature;Temperature sensor b setting is used for real-time monitoring battery pack temperature in battery surface;Temperature
Sensor c setting is spent on heat transfer pipe surface, is used for real-time monitoring heat-transfer medium temperature.
5. battery heat preservation system under low-temperature environment of electric vehicle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat transfer is situated between
Matter is water or air or conduction oil.
6. battery heat preservation system under low-temperature environment of electric vehicle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat-transfer pipe
Insulating layer is enclosed with outside road.
7. the control method of battery heat preservation system, feature exist under a kind of low-temperature environment of electric vehicle according to claim 1
In specific steps are as follows:
I, the value of minimum temperature T1 and the value of maximum temperature T2 are first set, is then stored in controller;
II, controller detects the working condition of onboard system first, if onboard system is in non-working condition, controller control
Closure is started switch, ambient temperature value, battery pack temperature value and the biography that controller real-time reception temperature-detecting device transmits at this time
Heat medium temperature value;
III, ambient temperature value, battery pack temperature value and the heat-transfer medium temperature value that controller will test carry out real-time analytical calculation,
To obtain battery pack predicting temperature values T;Detailed process are as follows: environment temperature, battery pack temperature and heat transfer first to detecting
Medium temperature information carries out screening analysis, establishes battery pack temperature historical information, is based on known neural network algorithm to establish
Battery pack temperature prediction model;When controller runs the prediction model, environment temperature which arrives real-time detection
Angle value, battery pack temperature value and heat-transfer medium temperature value are merged, to estimate the temperature value of battery pack subsequent time, i.e.,
Battery pack predicting temperature values T;
IV, the battery pack predicting temperature values T being calculated is compared controller with minimum temperature T1 and maximum temperature T2, if
Battery pack predicting temperature values T is lower than minimum temperature T1, then controller control limit temperature/heat-insulation switch closure, and battery pack is electricity at this time
Heating installation power supply starts electric heater with power P1Work, while controller control loop power source is opened, and heat transfer medium is made
It is moved in circles between electric heater and battery pack by heat transfer pipe, to be begun to warm up to battery pack, during heating
Heating lamp is in illuminating state, and insulation indicator lamp is in non-lit up state;When the battery pack prediction that controller is calculated
When temperature value T is greater than maximum temperature T2, controller control limit temperature/heat-insulation switch is disconnected, at this time insulation indicator lamp and current-limiting resistance
R1 is connected into circuit, reduces the electric current in circuit and then makes electric heater with power P2Work, circulation power source are still opened, and electricity is made
Pond group enters keeping warm mode, and heating lamp is in non-lit up state, and insulation indicator lamp is in illuminating state;
After V, if the battery pack real-time temperature values that controller receives are continued for some time greater than maximum temperature T2, controller
Protective switch is controlled to disconnect, so that the connection status of electric heater and battery pack is cut off, heating lamp and heat preservation instruction at this time
Lamp is in non-lit up state.
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