CN109296099B - Low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum TMD vibration control device for high-rise structure - Google Patents
Low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum TMD vibration control device for high-rise structure Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum TMD vibration control device for a high-rise structure, which comprises an elastic support, a two-degree-of-freedom pendulum gear box, a damping energy consumption device, a first mass block, a second mass block, a first swing rod and a second swing rod, wherein one end of the elastic support is rigidly connected with the inner wall of a cylinder body, and the other end of the elastic support is flexibly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body; the two-degree-of-freedom swing gear box is fixed on the elastic support and comprises a box body and two groups of transmission units, the two groups of transmission units are installed on the box body in an up-down mirror symmetry mode, each group of transmission units comprises a third swing rod with two degrees of rotation freedom in a horizontal plane, the third swing rod is connected with the first swing rod and the second swing rod respectively, the first mass block is provided with a plurality of blocks which are overlapped on the first swing rod, the second mass block is provided with a plurality of blocks which are overlapped on the second swing rod, and the damping energy consumption device is provided with a plurality of circumferences which are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the barrel body and are connected with the first swing rod respectively. The invention can control the low-frequency vibration of the high-rise structure so as to meet the safety and functional requirements of the high-rise structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-rise structures (wind power generation towers, television towers, high-rise buildings and the like) and vibration control, in particular to a low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum type TMD vibration control device for a high-rise structure.
Background
The towering structure has application in various fields such as wind power generation, broadcast television towers, communication, weather and the like. The towering structure is a high-flexibility structure with a large ratio of height to transverse dimension, and has large dynamic response to wind vibration and earthquake. The out-of-limit vibration displacement and acceleration of the wind turbine can lose the generated energy and even affect the normal operation of the wind turbine. High-rise buildings, broadcast television towers with sightseeing requirements and the like are required to limit the vibration acceleration so as to meet the comfort of people. The existing control technology of the high-rise structure can be divided into three main types of active control, passive control and semi-active control.
The active control needs external energy, and the response of the vibration structure needs to be detected, and the optimal control force is output to the vibration object through the industrial control computer. Theoretically, the active control has better vibration reduction and resistance adding effects on different wind load vibration, but the control device has the defects of complex structure, high manufacturing cost, response delay and poor reliability.
The passive control does not need external energy, the structural vibration drives the control device to move, and the vibration of the controlled structure is restrained through the inertia force of the control device. The object shape of the mass body can be divided into two main types of frequency modulation mass dampers and frequency modulation liquid dampers. The frequency modulation mass damper generally refers to a spring mass model (TMD), has the advantages of simple implementation method and obvious vibration reduction effect, but has the problems of single frequency modulation, large movement space and the like, is generally suitable for vibration resistance adding above 0.5Hz, and has the problem of large friction damping when the frequency modulation frequency is lower than 0.5 Hz. The damping device in the form of a simple pendulum can be classified into a frequency modulation mass damper, and the simple pendulum has the problems of single frequency modulation and large movement space although the damping device has no problem of large friction damping. The simple pendulum is generally suitable for vibration resistance below 0.7Hz, and the installation of the high-frequency-modulation-frequency-swing-length short mass block is limited. Compared with a frequency modulation mass damper, the frequency modulation liquid damper has the advantages of sensitive response and no friction resistance problem, but large structural volume, large occupied space, liquid leakage, icing and other risks.
Semi-active control is basically passive control, but in the control process, the parameters of the control mechanism are adjusted by external energy sources, so that the output of the control force is adjusted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum type TMD vibration control device for a high-rise structure, which can control the low-frequency vibration of the high-rise structure so as to meet the safety and functional requirements of the high-rise structure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a low frequency two degree of freedom pendulum-type TMD vibration control device for towering structure, including elastic support, first quality piece, first pendulum rod, two degree of freedom swing gear boxes, second pendulum rod, second quality piece and damping energy consumption device, the one end of elastic support and the stack body inner wall rigid connection of towering structure, its other end and stack body inner wall flexible connection of towering structure, two degree of freedom swing gear boxes are fixed on elastic support, and this two degree of freedom swing gear boxes is including box and two sets of transmission units, two sets of transmission units are installed on the box with mirror symmetry from top to bottom, and the mutual meshing of spur gear through respective both sides carries out the force transmission between them, realizes the synchronous motion of two sets of transmission units, and every transmission unit of group all includes a third pendulum rod, just the third has two degrees of freedom of rotation in the horizontal plane, first pendulum rod and second pendulum rod are connected through the bolt with the third pendulum rod of two sets of transmission units respectively, just first pendulum rod is located the second top, first quality piece is installed on the box and is installed at the second pendulum rod, and is used for the stack body to carry out the clamp plate with the second pendulum rod, the top is used for the clamp plate is installed to the second pendulum rod, and is used for the polylith to the high tension device.
Further, each group of transmission units comprises a third swing rod, a first straight gear, a second straight gear, a third straight gear, a fourth straight gear, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a third bevel gear, a cross shaft, a first hollow shaft, a second hollow shaft and a rotating shaft, wherein the third swing rod is assembled on the rotating shaft, is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft and can not rotate relatively, the first bevel gear is assembled on the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected with one end part of the rotating shaft and can not rotate relatively, the rotating shaft and the cross shaft form a revolute pair through a bearing, one side solid shaft of the cross shaft passes through the first hollow shaft and then forms a revolute pair with the side solid shaft of the cross shaft through a bearing, the first hollow shaft passes through a box body and forms a revolute pair through the bearing, one end of the first hollow shaft is positioned outside the box body, the other end of the first hollow shaft is positioned in the box body, the other end of the second hollow shaft is assembled with the second bevel gear, the solid shaft passes through the second hollow shaft and forms a third straight gear, the solid shaft passes through the bearing and forms a revolute pair with the second bevel gear, the other end of the first hollow shaft is meshed with the fourth bevel gear, the first straight gear and the other end of the fourth bevel gear is respectively, the first straight gear is meshed with the fourth straight gear is formed with the fourth solid shaft, the fourth bevel gear is meshed with the fourth straight gear respectively, and the other end of the transmission units respectively, the three driving paths are respectively two driving paths for the third swing rod to rotate around the cross shaft and two driving paths for the third swing rod to rotate around the rotating shaft.
Further, the first bevel gear is a planetary gear, and can rotate around the rotating shaft and also can revolve along with the cross shaft, the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear during rotation rotate according to the transmission ratio, and the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear meshed with the second bevel gear during revolution rotate but do not have relative movement with the first bevel gear.
Further, the first swing rod and the second swing rod are external thread rod pieces, two fastening nuts and a locknut which are used for clamping and fixing the mass blocks are respectively arranged on the first swing rod and the second swing rod, a connecting flange is welded at one end of the locknut, which is connected with the third swing rod, the upper layer and the lower layer of the mass blocks which are overlapped on the first swing rod and the second swing rod are overlapped in a 90-degree crossed mode, the mass blocks are stably fastened through inserting auxiliary screws at two sides of the swing rods, the swing length can be adjusted through adjusting the nuts on the swing rods, the large-scale adjustment of the frequency is achieved, and the fine adjustment of the frequency is achieved through increasing and decreasing the weight of the mass blocks.
Further, the damping energy consumption device is a three-section telescopic hydraulic damping cylinder and is composed of an oil cylinder, a hollow piston and a push rod, wherein the hollow piston is embedded into the cylinder body of the oil cylinder, the push rod is embedded into the hollow cavity of the hollow piston, a hydraulic oil inlet and a hydraulic oil outlet are respectively formed in one end part of the oil cylinder, air holes are respectively formed in the other end part of the oil cylinder, the air holes are respectively formed in the two end parts of the hollow piston, when the hollow piston compresses hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil provides damping force, and when the hollow piston pulls and absorbs the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil does not provide damping force.
Further, the damping energy consumption device is a four-stroke synergistic hydraulic damping cylinder of a movable pulley, and comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod, a first fixed pulley, a second fixed pulley, a first movable pulley, a second movable pulley and a flexible rope, wherein the cylinder body is vertically and downwards fixed on the inner wall of a cylinder body of a high-rise structure, the first fixed pulley is fixed at the top of the cylinder body, the second fixed pulley is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body of the high-rise structure, the piston is arranged in the cylinder body, one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the piston, the other end of the piston rod extends out of the cylinder body, the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley are respectively arranged in an up-down sequence, one end of the flexible rope is fixed at the bottom of the cylinder body, the other end of the flexible rope sequentially bypasses the first movable pulley, the first fixed pulley, the second movable pulley and the second fixed pulley, any displacement of the first end point can be converted into up-down motion of the piston, the flexible rope can output four-time stroke of the piston of the hydraulic damping cylinder, when the flexible rope is tensioned, the piston is upwards pressed by hydraulic oil in the cylinder body, the flexible rope can provide a flexible force, and the first movable pulley and the flexible rope can not loosen under the action of the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley can not be released.
Further, the elastic support comprises a cross beam and a collet for supporting the cross beam, wherein the collet is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body of the high-rise structure, a rubber cushion block is clamped between the cross beam and the collet, and a bolt connecting plate for connecting the cross beam and the collet is welded or poured on the inner wall of the cylinder body of the high-rise structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the structure design is compact, the swing rod, the mass block and the damping energy dissipation device can be arranged in the same layer of space of the slender high-rise structure, and the installation and maintenance are relatively simple.
2. The damping device has the structure form of a simple pendulum, has no large friction damping problem, is sensitive to size excitation and has obvious damping effect; traditional spring point type TMD deviceThe low-frequency vibration cannot be controlled, the traditional TMD device has vibration characteristics, the spring force is required to be larger than the friction force, namely, kDeltax is more than or equal to mg mu, and the frequency is obtainedTaking Deltax=0.01m and friction coefficient mu=0.01, the f is more than or equal to 0.5Hz, namely the traditional spring-based TMD device has vibration characteristics and plays a role in vibration reduction and resistance addition for vibration with the frequency being more than 0.5 Hz; the influence of the friction force of the pendulum TMD device is represented as friction moment, the friction moment arm is generally small, and the inertia moment of the pendulum TMD is large, so that the influence of the friction moment on the device can be ignored by the pendulum TMD device.
3. The loads of the towering structure are mostly complex loads with uncertain directions, and for a single-degree-of-freedom TMD system, the equipment investment is increased by one time if the full-circle control is required to be realized. The device can realize the vibration control of two degrees of freedom, has vibration damping capability in any direction of a horizontal plane, and is suitable for wind vibration damping with random and changeable directions.
4. The tuning frequency different from the simple pendulum is only determined by the pendulum length, the low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum TMD tuning frequency is determined by the pendulum length and the weight of the mass block, the tuning frequency can be very low due to the shorter pendulum length, and the micro amplitude and the large amplitude of the tuning frequency are simple and easy to implement; compared with the traditional single pendulum type TMD system, the vibration control with lower frequency can be realized through the shorter pendulum rod length, for example, in order to realize the vibration control with the frequency of 0.2Hz, the pendulum rod length of the single pendulum type TMD is 6.2m, and the vibration control with the frequency of 0.2Hz can be realized through the device provided by the invention, wherein the upper pendulum rod length is 0.65m, the lower pendulum rod length is 0.6m, and the weight ratio of the upper mass block to the lower mass block is 0.75.
5. In the existing spherical gear mechanism, although two-degree-of-freedom swinging can be realized, the contact between gears is point contact, the transmission bearing force is not large, and the processing technology of the spherical gear is complex. The two-degree-of-freedom swing gear box provided by the invention has four transmission paths and has the capability of power splitting, and the gear box is small and exquisite and has great bearing capacity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum type TMD vibration control device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the elastic support.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a base structure.
FIG. 4 is a second schematic view of the bottom bracket structure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the second mass block and the second swing rod.
Fig. 6 is an overall cross-sectional view of the two-degree-of-freedom swing gearbox.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the transmission unit.
Fig. 8 is a transmission schematic diagram of the two-degree-of-freedom swing gearbox.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a three-stage telescopic hydraulic damping cylinder employed in embodiment 1.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a four-stroke-increasing hydraulic damping cylinder for a movable pulley employed in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with two specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum TMD vibration control device for a towering structure provided by this embodiment includes an elastic support 1, a first mass block 2, a first swing link 3, a two-degree-of-freedom pendulum GearBox 4, a second swing link 5, a second mass block 9, and a damping energy dissipation device 7, one end of the elastic support 1 is rigidly connected with an inner wall of a barrel 8 of the towering structure, the other end of the elastic support is flexibly connected with the inner wall of the barrel 8 of the towering structure, the two-degree-of-freedom pendulum GearBox 4 is fixed on the elastic support 1, the two-degree-of-freedom pendulum GearBox 4 includes a box body 4-GearBox and two sets of transmission units (see fig. 6), the two sets of transmission units are installed on the box body 4-GearBox in an up-down mirror symmetry, and force transmission is performed between them through mutual engagement of spur gears on two sides of each other, each group of transmission units comprises a third swing rod, the third swing rod has two degrees of rotation freedom in a horizontal plane, the first swing rod 3 and the second swing rod 5 are respectively connected with the third swing rods of the two groups of transmission units through bolts, the first swing rod 3 is positioned above the second swing rod 5, for convenient installation, the weight of parts of the control device is controlled within 50kg, the mass block adopts a scheme of layering and partitioning, the first mass block 2 is provided with a plurality of blocks which are overlapped and installed on the first swing rod 3 and clamped by an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate, the second mass block 9 is provided with a plurality of blocks which are overlapped and installed on the second swing rod 5 and clamped by an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate, the damping energy dissipation device 7 is provided with a plurality of circumferences which are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of a cylinder body of a high structure and respectively connected with the first swing rod 3, for dissipating a portion of the kinetic energy of the mass.
As shown in fig. 2, the elastic support 1 is composed of a cross beam 1-2 and a collet 1-3 for supporting the cross beam 1-2, wherein a two-degree-of-freedom swing gear box 4 is connected in the middle of the cross beam 1-2, the collet 1-3 is fixed on the inner wall of a cylinder body of a towering structure, the collet structure is shown in fig. 3 and 4, a rubber cushion block 1-4 is clamped between the cross beam 1-2 and the collet 1-3, and a bolt connecting plate 1-1 for connecting the cross beam 1-2 and the collet 1-3 is welded or poured on the inner wall of the cylinder body of the towering structure. The elastic support can solve the problem of large strain caused by the over-positioning of the TMD device and the cylinder body, for example, the roundness of the cylinder body of the high-rise steel structure has large deformation under the action of load, the elastic support meets the dual requirements of connection and deformation, and the rigid connection can generate large constraint strain on the structure, so that the supporting structure is fast invalid.
As shown in fig. 5, the second swing rod 5 is an external thread rod, on which two fastening nuts 5-2, 5-3 for clamping and fixing the mass block and a locknut 5-1 are respectively installed, one end of the locknut connected with the third swing rod is welded with a connecting flange, the upper layer and the lower layer of the mass block overlapped on the second swing rod 5 are overlapped in a 90-degree cross manner, and auxiliary screws 6 are inserted on two sides of the swing rod to stably fasten the mass block, wherein the upper clamping plates and the lower clamping plates are 6-2 and 6-1, in particular complete steel discs, and the auxiliary screws 6 vertically penetrate through the upper clamping plates and the lower clamping plates 6-2 and 6-1 and then are screwed by adopting the upper nuts 6-3 and the lower nuts 6-4. The swing length can be adjusted by adjusting the nuts on the swing rods, so that the frequency is greatly adjusted, and the fine adjustment of the frequency is realized by increasing and decreasing the weight of the mass block. Likewise, the first screw 3 and its upper mass are identical to those of the second pendulum rod 5.
As shown in fig. 6, the box body, the gears, the shafts, the shafting parts and other structures are bilaterally symmetrical, the types and the patterns of the upper part and the lower part are the same, and the size specifications can be the same or different; the third swing rod has two degrees of freedom of rotation in the horizontal plane, namely rotation around a horizontal axis and rotation around a vertical axis respectively (the cross section shown in fig. 6 is defined as a vertical plane, a bilateral symmetry plane is a vertical plane, a plane orthogonal to the vertical plane and the vertical plane is a horizontal plane, an intersecting line of the horizontal plane and the vertical plane is a horizontal axis, and an intersecting line of the horizontal plane and the vertical plane is a vertical axis).
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the transmission unit comprises a third swing rod 4-WAGGLE-1/2, a first straight gear 4-SG2-1/2, a second straight gear 4-SG 1/2, a third straight gear 4-SG4-1/2, a fourth straight gear 4-SG3-1/2, a first bevel gear 4-BG1/2-1, a second bevel gear 4-BG1/2-2, a third bevel gear 4-BG1/2-3, a cross shaft 4-1/2 (i.e., the horizontal shaft described above), a first hollow shaft 4-3/4, a second hollow shaft 4-5/6, a rotating shaft 4-7/8 (i.e., the longitudinal shaft described above), the third straight gear 4-WAGGLE-1/2 is mounted on the rotating shaft 4-7/8, and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 4-7/8, the first bevel gear 4-BG1/2-1 is mounted on the rotating shaft 4-7/8, the cross shaft 4-7/8 is rotatably connected with the cross shaft 4-7/7, the cross shaft 4-SG4-1/2 is rotatably connected with the cross shaft 4-3/2 through the hollow shaft 4-5/6, the cross shaft 4-SG4-1/2 is rotatably connected with the hollow shaft 4-5 through the solid shaft 4-5 and the hollow shaft 4-5 and the solid shaft 4-1/2 is rotatably connected with the solid shaft 4-2 via the solid shaft 4-2/2 via the solid shaft 4-1/2, the first hollow shaft 4-3/4 passes through the box body 4-GearBox and forms a revolute pair with the box body 4-GearBox through a bearing, one end of the first hollow shaft 4-3/4 is positioned outside the box body 4-GearBox and is assembled with the second straight gear 4-SG1-1/2, the other end of the first hollow shaft is positioned in the box body 4-GearBox and is assembled with the second bevel gear 4-BG1/2, a solid shaft on the other side of the cross shaft 4-1/2 passes through the second hollow shaft 4-5/6 and is assembled with the third straight gear 4-SG4-1/2, the second hollow shaft 4-5/6 forms a revolute pair with the solid shaft on the side of the cross shaft 4-1/2 through the bearing, the second hollow shaft 4-5/6 passes through the box body 4-GearBox and forms a revolute pair with the box body 4-GearBox through the bearing, one end of the second hollow shaft 4-5/6 is positioned outside the box body 4-BG1-2 and is assembled with the fourth bevel gear 4-BG1-2, the other end of the second hollow shaft 4-5/6 is positioned outside the box body 4-BG 1-G2 and is assembled with the fourth bevel gear 4-G2-BG, and is assembled with the bevel gear 4-G2-G4-G2-4-G2, the other end of the second hollow shaft 4-5/6 is assembled with the bevel gear 4-G2-G4-G2, and is respectively; the first bevel gear 4-BG1/2-1 is a planetary gear, can rotate around the rotating shaft 4-7/8 and can revolve along with the cross shaft 4-1/2, the second bevel gear 4-BG1/2-2 and the third bevel gear 4-BG1/2-3 meshed with the first bevel gear during rotation rotate according to the transmission ratio, and the second bevel gear 4-BG1/2-2 and the third bevel gear 4-BG1/2-3 meshed with the first bevel gear during revolution do not have relative motion with the first bevel gear 4-BG1/2-1 although rotating.
As shown in fig. 8, the two sets of transmission units realize synchronous motion by meshing the respective first spur gears 4-SG2-1, 4-SG2-2, the second spur gears 4-SG1-1, 4-SG1-2, the third spur gears 4-SG4-1, 4-SG4-2, and the fourth spur gears 4-SG3-1, 4-SG3-2, and have four transmission paths, namely two transmission paths for rotating the third swing rod 4-WAGGLE-1/2 around the cross shaft 4-1/2 and two transmission paths for rotating the third swing rod 4-WAGGLE-1/2 around the rotating shaft 4-7/8, and the detailed paths are as follows:
path 1: (4-1) - (4-SG 2-1) - (4-SG 2-2) - (4-2).
Path 2: (4-1) - (4-SG 4-1) - (4-SG 4-2) - (4-2).
Path 3: (4-7) - (4-BG 1-1) - (4-BG 1-2) - (4-SG 1-1) - (4-SG 1-2) (4-BG 2-2) - (4-BG 2-1) - (4-8).
Path 4: (4-7) - (4-BG 1-1) - (4-BG 1-3) - (4-SG 3-1) - (4-SG 3-2) (4-BG 2-3) - (4-BG 2-1) - (4-8).
As shown in FIG. 9, the damping energy dissipation device 7 is a three-section telescopic hydraulic damping cylinder, which is suitable for occasions with limited movement space, the length stroke of the same cylinder body is about 2 times that of a conventional hydraulic damping cylinder, the three-section telescopic hydraulic damping cylinder consists of an oil cylinder 7-A-1, a hollow piston 7-A-2 and a push rod 7-A-3, wherein the hollow piston 7-A-2 is embedded into the cylinder body of the oil cylinder 7-A-1, the push rod 7-A-3 is embedded into a hollow cavity of the hollow piston 7-A-2, one end of the oil cylinder 7-A-1 is respectively provided with a hydraulic oil inlet 7-A-11 and a hydraulic oil outlet 7-A-12, the other end of the oil cylinder 7-A-1 is respectively provided with an air hole 7-A-13, when the push rod 7-A-3 moves in the hollow cavity of the hollow piston 7-A-2, the device provides small pneumatic damping, when the hydraulic oil in the hollow piston 7-A-2 compresses the hydraulic oil in the hollow cavity of the oil cylinder 7-A-1, and the hydraulic oil does not provide damping force when the hydraulic oil is not provided by the hollow piston 7-A-2.
Example 2
Unlike the embodiment 1, the damping energy dissipation device 7 of this embodiment is a four-stroke hydraulic damping cylinder of a movable pulley, as shown in fig. 10, the four-stroke hydraulic damping cylinder of a movable pulley comprises a cylinder 7-B-1, a piston 7-B-2, a piston rod 7-B-3, a first fixed pulley 7-B-4, a second fixed pulley 7-B-7, a first movable pulley 7-B-5, a second movable pulley 7-B-6 and a flexible rope 7-B-8, wherein the cylinder 7-B-1 is vertically and downwardly fixed on the inner wall of a cylinder body 8 of a high-rise structure, the first fixed pulley 7-B-4 is fixed on the top of the cylinder, the second fixed pulley 7-B-7 is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body of the high-rise structure, the piston 7-B-2 is arranged in the cylinder 7-B-1, one end of the piston rod 7-B-3 is fixed with the piston 7-B-2, the other end of the piston rod is externally connected with the cylinder 7-B-1, the first fixed pulley 7-B-6 and the second fixed pulley 7-B-6 are respectively arranged at the end of the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley 7-B-4, the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley 7-B-6 are sequentially around the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley 7-B-6, the other end of the first fixed pulley is sequentially, and the second fixed pulley 7-B-6 is fixed at the end of the first fixed pulley is fixed on the end of the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley is sequentially, any displacement of the end point of the first swing rod can be converted into up-and-down motion of the piston 7-B-2 through the pulley, the flexible rope 7-B-8 can output four times of travel of the piston of the hydraulic damping cylinder, when the flexible rope 7-B-8 is tensioned, the piston 7-B-2 upwards presses hydraulic oil in the cylinder 7-B-1, the hydraulic oil provides damping force, and when the flexible rope 7-B-8 is relaxed, the piston 7-B-2, the piston rod 7-B-3, the first movable pulley 7-B-5 and the second movable pulley 7-B-6 downwards move to tighten the flexible rope 7-B-8 under the action of self gravity, and at the moment, the hydraulic oil does not provide damping force. The four-stroke synergistic hydraulic damping cylinders of the movable pulleys are circumferentially and uniformly distributed, and the influence of the dead weight of the piston, the movable pulleys and other components on the damping force can be mutually offset.
In summary, in order to solve the problem of large friction damping in conventional TMD low-frequency control, the invention adopts a pendulum TMD structure, and adjusts the natural frequency of the structure to the vicinity of the natural frequency of the controlled equipment, so that the kinetic energy of the controlled equipment can be absorbed, thereby reducing the energy of the controlled equipment and achieving the effects of vibration reduction and resistance addition.
The invention provides a low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum TMD vibration control device, which has the following equation of non-excitation undamped motion differential equation:therefore, its natural frequency->Wherein m is 1 The distance from the gravity center of the mass block to the swinging point is R 1 ，m 2 The distance from the gravity center of the weight block to the swinging point is R 2 θ is the angle of the swing link in fig. 1 from the vertical line at the center of the swing gear box with two degrees of freedom. The natural frequency of the system is determined by the pendulum length and the mass, and the lower frequency can be realized by the shorter pendulum length, so that the use requirements of low-frequency vibration control and space limitation of the towering structure are met.
The vibration damping principle of the control device is that energy is absorbed from the controlled equipment through resonance and converted into kinetic energy of a mass block of the control device, and a part of kinetic energy is consumed through a damping energy consumption device. The invention discloses two damping energy consumption devices, namely a three-section telescopic hydraulic damping cylinder and a four-stroke synergistic hydraulic damping cylinder of a movable pulley, in a high-rise structure with limited movement space.
In addition, in order to meet the requirement of multidirectional vibration control of a towering structure, the invention also discloses a two-degree-of-freedom swing gear box. It has two swinging degrees of freedom and four transmission routes. The two swinging degrees of freedom meet the requirement of multidirectional control, and the four transmission routes enable the transmission capacity of the gear box to be doubled under the same size, so that the requirement of heavy-load transmission of a large mass block is met.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so variations in shape and principles of the present invention should be covered.
Claims (4)
1. A low frequency two degree of freedom pendulum-type TMD vibration control device for towering structure, its characterized in that: the device comprises an elastic support, a first mass block, a first swing rod, a two-degree-of-freedom swing gear box, a second swing rod, a second mass block and a damping energy consumption device, wherein one end of the elastic support is rigidly connected with the inner wall of a cylinder body of a high-rise structure, the other end of the elastic support is flexibly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body of the high-rise structure, the two-degree-of-freedom swing gear box is fixed on the elastic support, the two-degree-of-freedom swing gear box comprises a box body and two groups of transmission units, the two groups of transmission units are arranged on the box body in a mirror symmetry mode, force transmission is carried out between the two groups of transmission units through meshing of straight gears on two sides of the two groups of transmission units, each group of transmission units comprises a third swing rod, the third swing rod has two rotational degrees of freedom in a horizontal plane, the first swing rod and the second swing rod are respectively connected with the third swing rod of the two groups of transmission units through bolts, the first swing rod is positioned above the second swing rod, the first energy consumption device is provided with a plurality of mass blocks, the mass blocks are stacked on the first mass block, the upper mass block and the second mass block are clamped on the upper mass block and the second swing rod are clamped on the inner wall of the cylinder body by the two swing rods respectively, and the damping device is used for clamping the plurality of mass blocks on the upper and the upper mass block and the upper damper device is used for damping and a plurality of the upper mass device is used for clamping and clamped on the upper mass block and a plurality of the damper device respectively;
each group of transmission units comprises a third swing rod, a first straight gear, a second straight gear, a third straight gear, a fourth straight gear, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a third bevel gear, a cross shaft, a first hollow shaft, a second hollow shaft and a rotating shaft, wherein the third swing rod is assembled on the rotating shaft, is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft and can not rotate relatively, the first bevel gear is assembled on the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected with one end part of the rotating shaft and can not rotate relatively, the rotating shaft and the cross shaft form a revolute pair through a bearing, one side solid shaft of the cross shaft passes through the first hollow shaft and then forms a revolute pair with the side solid shaft of the cross shaft through a bearing, the first hollow shaft passes through a box body and forms a revolute pair through the bearing, one end of the first hollow shaft is positioned outside the box body, the other end of the first hollow shaft is positioned in the box body, the other end of the second hollow shaft is assembled with the second bevel gear, the solid shaft passes through the second hollow shaft and forms a third straight gear after passing through one end of the second hollow shaft, the solid shaft passes through the bearing and forms a revolute pair with the second bevel gear, the second solid shaft and forms a synchronous path with the fourth bevel gear, the other end of the fourth solid shaft is respectively meshed with the fourth bevel gear, and the fourth straight gear is formed by the fourth solid shaft and the fourth solid shaft, and the transmission unit is meshed with the fourth straight gear, two transmission paths for the third swing rod to rotate around the cross shaft and two transmission paths for the third swing rod to rotate around the rotating shaft are respectively provided;
the first bevel gear is a planetary gear, can rotate around a rotating shaft and also can revolve along with a cross shaft, the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear during rotation rotate according to a transmission ratio, and the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear meshed with the second bevel gear during revolution do not move relative to the first bevel gear although rotating;
the first swing rod and the second swing rod are external thread rod pieces, two fastening nuts and a locknut which are used for clamping and fixing the mass blocks are respectively arranged on the first swing rod and the second swing rod, a connecting flange is welded at one end of the locknut, which is connected with the third swing rod, the upper layer and the lower layer of the mass blocks which are overlapped on the first swing rod and the second swing rod are in 90-degree crossed overlapping, the mass blocks are stably fastened through the auxiliary screws inserted into the two sides of the swing rods, the swing length can be adjusted through adjusting the nuts on the swing rods, the large-scale adjustment of the frequency is realized, and the fine adjustment of the frequency is realized through increasing and decreasing the weight of the mass blocks.
2. The low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum type TMD vibration control device for a towering structure according to claim 1, wherein: the damping energy consumption device is a three-section telescopic hydraulic damping cylinder and is composed of an oil cylinder, a hollow piston and a push rod, wherein the hollow piston is embedded into a cylinder body of the oil cylinder, the push rod is embedded into a hollow cavity of the hollow piston, a hydraulic oil inlet and a hydraulic oil outlet are respectively formed in one end part of the oil cylinder, air holes are respectively formed in the other end part of the oil cylinder, the air holes are respectively formed in the two end parts of the hollow piston, when the hollow piston compresses hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil provides damping force, and when the hollow piston pulls and absorbs the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil does not provide damping force.
3. The low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum type TMD vibration control device for a towering structure according to claim 1, wherein: the damping energy consumption device is a four-stroke synergistic hydraulic damping cylinder of a movable pulley and comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod, a first fixed pulley, a second fixed pulley, a first movable pulley, a second movable pulley and a flexible rope, wherein the cylinder body is vertically and downwards fixed on the inner wall of a cylinder body of the high-rise structure, the first fixed pulley is fixed at the top of the cylinder body, the second fixed pulley is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body of the high-rise structure, the piston is arranged in the cylinder body, one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the piston, the other end of the piston rod extends out of the cylinder body, the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley are respectively arranged in an up-down sequence, one end of the flexible rope is fixed at the bottom of the cylinder body, the other end of the flexible rope sequentially bypasses the first movable pulley, the first fixed pulley, the second movable pulley and the second fixed pulley and then is bound to the end point of the first swing rod, any displacement of the end point of the first swing rod can be converted into up-down motion of the piston, the flexible rope can output four-time stroke of the piston of the hydraulic damping cylinder, and when the flexible rope is tensioned, the piston upwards extrudes the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body, and the hydraulic oil is provided with the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley when the flexible rope is under the action of the first movable pulley and the flexible pulley is not under the action of the tension.
4. The low-frequency two-degree-of-freedom pendulum type TMD vibration control device for a towering structure according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic support consists of a cross beam and a collet for supporting the cross beam, wherein the middle of the cross beam is connected with a two-degree-of-freedom swing gear box, the collet is fixed on the inner wall of a cylinder body of a high-rise structure, a rubber cushion block is clamped between the cross beam and the collet, and the inner wall of the cylinder body of the high-rise structure is welded or poured with a bolt connecting plate for connecting the cross beam and the collet.
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| CN101486192A (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2009-07-22 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Single motor driven two-freedom degree joint structure |
| CN203285904U (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-11-13 | 刘景春 | Tuned mass damper for wind generating set |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101486192A (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2009-07-22 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Single motor driven two-freedom degree joint structure |
| CN203285904U (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-11-13 | 刘景春 | Tuned mass damper for wind generating set |
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