CN109290548B - Pouring exhaust system of automobile component die-casting mold and setting method - Google Patents

Pouring exhaust system of automobile component die-casting mold and setting method Download PDF

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CN109290548B
CN109290548B CN201811277038.8A CN201811277038A CN109290548B CN 109290548 B CN109290548 B CN 109290548B CN 201811277038 A CN201811277038 A CN 201811277038A CN 109290548 B CN109290548 B CN 109290548B
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die
cavity
pouring
casting
cross
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CN109290548A (en
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徐敏志
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NINGBO ELITE MOLD MANUFACTURE CO Ltd
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NINGBO ELITE MOLD MANUFACTURE CO Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B22D17/2272Sprue channels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a pouring and exhausting system and a setting method of a die-casting mold of an automobile component, wherein the pouring and exhausting system of the die-casting mold of the automobile component comprises the following components: the die casting die body is provided with at least one die cavity which is arranged in the die casting die body and is provided with a sprue, a cross gate and a plurality of ingates; the mold cavity comprises: the inner ends of the main body cavity, the side body cavity and the auxiliary pouring cavity are respectively communicated with one end of the main body cavity, one side of the main body cavity and one side of the side body cavity; the inner end of the inner sprue is communicated with the outer end of the side body cavity or the outer end of the auxiliary pouring cavity; the thickness of the auxiliary pouring cavity and the thickness of the inner pouring gate are respectively 0.7-0.85 times of the wall thickness of the die-casting die cavity; the cross section area of the straight pouring channel is smaller than that of the horizontal pouring channel; the cross section area of the horizontal pouring channel is smaller than the total cross section area of the plurality of ingates; the slag ladle cavity is communicated with the periphery of the main body cavity or the side body cavity. The casting and exhausting system die casting of the automobile component die casting mould has the advantages that air holes cannot be generated inside the die casting, and bulges cannot be generated on the surface of the die casting after the T6 treatment.

Description

Pouring exhaust system of automobile component die-casting mold and setting method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of casting molds, in particular to a pouring and exhausting system of a die-casting mold of an automobile component and a setting method.
Background
Fig. 2 shows a large die-cast automotive component, which includes: a main body 14, a side body 15 connected with one side of the main body, a first notch 16 arranged at one end of the main body, and a second notch 17 formed between one side of the main body and one side of the side body; external dimensions of automotive parts: length X width X height 627mmX618mmX256mm, basic wall thickness 2.5-3mm, weight 2976g, T6 heat treatment (aluminum alloy solution treatment plus complete artificial aging) after die casting; because the automobile component is irregular in shape and thin in wall thickness, the automobile component is produced by using a die-casting die with a traditional casting exhaust system, so that the defects that air holes are easily generated in the die-casting piece, and bulges are easily generated on the surface of the die-casting piece after T6 heat treatment exist; therefore, it is a problem to be solved to design a pouring and exhausting system and an installation method for a die-casting mold for automobile components, wherein no air holes are generated in the die-casting part, and no bulge is generated on the surface of the die-casting part after T6 treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that pores are easily generated in a die casting piece and bulges are easily generated on the surface of the die casting piece after T6 treatment in the prior art for producing the automobile component by using a die casting die with a traditional casting exhaust system, and provides the casting exhaust system of the die casting die for the automobile component and the setting method thereof, wherein the pores are not generated in the die casting piece, and the bulges are not generated on the surface of the die casting piece after T6 treatment.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a gating exhaust system for a die casting mold for automotive components, comprising: the die casting die body is provided with at least one die cavity which is arranged in the die casting die body and is provided with a sprue, a cross gate and a plurality of ingates; the cavity comprises: the inner end of the side body cavity is respectively communicated with one end of the main body cavity, one side of the main body cavity and one side of the side body cavity; the inner end of the inner sprue is communicated with the outer end of the side body cavity or the outer end of the auxiliary pouring cavity; the thickness of the auxiliary pouring cavity is 0.7-0.85 times of the thickness of the die-casting die cavity; the thickness of the inner sprue is equal to that of the auxiliary pouring cavity; the cross section area of the straight pouring channel is smaller than that of the horizontal pouring channel; the cross section area of the horizontal pouring channel is smaller than the total cross section area of the plurality of ingates; the slag ladle cavity is communicated with the periphery of the main body cavity or the side body cavity.
The pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting mold is provided with an auxiliary pouring cavity with the thickness of 0.7-0.85 time of the wall thickness of a die-casting mold cavity, so that the mold filling sectional area of molten aluminum is increased; the sectional area of the straight pouring channel, the sectional area of the horizontal pouring channel, the total sectional area of the plurality of inner pouring gates and the sectional area of the auxiliary pouring cavity are sequentially increased, so that the gas wrapping of aluminum liquid in the pouring channels is avoided, and the filling of the aluminum liquid is stable and does not turn over; the slag ladle cavity with large capacity is arranged, so that gas in the cavity and molten aluminum with low temperature at the front end of the filling mold can be discharged conveniently, no air hole is generated inside the die casting, and no bulge is generated on the surface of the die casting after T6 treatment.
Preferably, the casting and exhausting system of the die-casting mold for the automobile component further comprises: the vacuum pumping system is arranged at the other end of the main body cavity; the vacuum pumping system comprises: at least one inner pumping channel provided with a plurality of inner pumping ports, the inner ends of which are respectively communicated with one slag ladle cavity, a connecting pumping channel respectively communicated with the inner pumping channel, and an outer pumping channel, the inner ends of which are communicated with the connecting pumping channel. The vacuum pumping system which is arranged at the other end of the main body cavity and is connected with the vacuum device enables the cavity to generate negative pressure, is beneficial to filling and discharging gas in the cavity, and reduces the tendency of generating air holes.
Preferably, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sprue to the cross-sectional area of the runner is 1: 1.1-1.2; the ratio of the cross section area of the horizontal pouring gate to the total cross section area of the inner pouring gate is 1: 1.1-1.2. The effect of reducing the generated air holes is better.
Preferably, the casting and exhausting system of the die-casting mold for the automobile component further comprises: injecting a channel; two cavities are symmetrically arranged; the straight pouring channels of the two cavities are respectively communicated with the lower ends of the injection channels; the sectional area of the injection channel is 10-13 times of the total sectional area of the inner gates of the two cavities. The sectional area of the injection channel is 10-13 times of the total sectional area of the inner gates of the two cavities, so that the injection fullness is 30-40%, the quality of die castings is guaranteed, and casting defects such as insufficient filling, cold shut and the like are avoided; the two cavities are symmetrically arranged, so that the productivity is improved.
The method for setting the pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting die comprises the steps of setting a pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting die, wherein the pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting die is provided with a limiting structure of the pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting die; determining the total weight of a slag ladle, wherein G = 40% of the weight of a die casting, and G is the total weight G of the slag ladle; step two, determining the total cross section area of the inner sprue, wherein Ga = G/(P V T), Ga is the total cross section area mm ^2 of the inner sprue, P is the liquid density G/cm ^3 of the die-casting aluminum alloy, V is the flow velocity m/s of the inner sprue, T is the mold filling time s, and step three, determining the total volume of the slag ladle cavity, R = G/P, and R is the total volume cm ^3 of the slag ladle cavity; step four, determining the cross section area of the cross gate, wherein Gb = Ga/(1.1-1.2), and the Gb is the cross section area mm ^2 of the cross gate; step five, determining the sectional area of the sprue, wherein Gc = Gb/(1.1-1.2), and Gc is the sectional area mm ^2 of the sprue; sixthly, determining the sectional area of the injection channel, wherein Gd = (10-13) × 2Ga, and the Gd is the sectional area mm ^2 of the injection channel.
Preferably, the method for setting the pouring and exhausting system of the die-casting mould of the automobile component sets P =2.46G/cm ^3, V =30m/s, T =0.045s, Gb = Ga/(1.15), Gc = Gb/(1.15), Gd =12 Ga, and is calculated, G = die-casting piece weight 40% =2976G 40% = 1190.4G, Ga = 1190.4G/(2.46G/cm ^3 ^ 30m/s ^ 0.045 s) =358.446 mm ^2, Gb =311.69 mm ^2, Gc =271.04 mm ^2, Gd =78858.12 mm ^ 2; the rounding is determined as: g =1190G, Ga =358mm ^2, Gb =312 mm ^2, Gc =271 mm ^2, Gd =78858mm ^ 2; the diameter of the shot channel was 160 mm.
The method for arranging the pouring exhaust system of the automobile component die-casting mould can meet the requirements that no air hole is generated in the die-cast automobile component die-casting part, and no bulge is generated on the surface of the die-casting part after T6 treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting mold is provided with an auxiliary pouring cavity with the thickness of 0.7-0.85 time of the wall thickness of a die-casting mold cavity, so that the mold filling sectional area of molten aluminum is increased; the sectional area of the straight pouring channel, the sectional area of the horizontal pouring channel, the total sectional area of the plurality of inner pouring gates and the sectional area of the auxiliary pouring cavity are sequentially increased, so that the gas wrapping of aluminum liquid in the pouring channels is avoided, and the filling of the aluminum liquid is stable and does not turn over; the slag ladle cavity with large capacity is arranged, so that gas in the cavity and molten aluminum with low temperature at the front end of the filling mold can be discharged conveniently, no air hole is generated inside the die casting, and no bulge is generated on the surface of the die casting after T6 treatment. The vacuum pumping system which is arranged at the other end of the main body cavity and is connected with the vacuum device enables the cavity to generate negative pressure, is beneficial to filling and discharging gas in the cavity, and reduces the tendency of generating air holes. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sprue to the cross-sectional area of the runner is 1: 1.1-1.2, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the horizontal runner to the total cross-sectional area of the ingate is 1: 1.1-1.2, and has better effect of reducing the generation of air holes. The sectional area of the injection channel is 10-13 times of the total sectional area of the inner gates of the two cavities, so that the injection fullness is 30-40%, the quality of die castings is guaranteed, and casting defects such as insufficient filling, cold shut and the like are avoided; the two cavities are symmetrically arranged, so that the productivity is improved. The method for arranging the pouring exhaust system of the automobile component die-casting mould can meet the requirements that no air hole is generated in the die-cast automobile component die-casting part, and no bulge is generated on the surface of the die-casting part after T6 treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle component.
In the figure: the die casting die body comprises a die casting die body 1, a sprue 2, a cross runner 3, an inner sprue 4, a main body cavity 5, a side body cavity 6, an auxiliary pouring inlet cavity 7, a slag ladle cavity 8, an inner pumping port 9, an inner pumping channel 10, a connecting pumping channel 11, an outer pumping channel 12, an injection channel 13, a main body 14, a side body 15, a first notch 16 and a second notch 17.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in figure 1: a gating exhaust system for a die casting mold for automotive components, comprising: the die casting die comprises a die casting die body 1, at least one die cavity which is arranged in the die casting die body 1 and is provided with a sprue 2, a cross runner 3 and seven ingates 4; the cavity comprises: the slag ladle comprises a main body cavity 5, a side body cavity 6 communicated with one side of the main body cavity 5, an auxiliary pouring cavity 7 and twenty-three slag ladle cavities 8, wherein the inner end of the auxiliary pouring cavity 7 is respectively communicated with one end of the main body cavity 5, one side of the main body cavity 5 and one side of the side body cavity 6; the inner end of the inner sprue 4 is communicated with the outer end of the side body cavity 6 or the outer end of the auxiliary pouring cavity 7; the thickness of the auxiliary pouring cavity 7 is 0.8 times of the wall thickness of a die-casting die cavity; the thickness of the inner pouring gate 4 is equal to that of the auxiliary pouring cavity 7; the sectional area of the straight pouring channel 2 is smaller than that of the horizontal pouring channel 3; the cross section area of the horizontal pouring gate 3 is smaller than the total cross section area of the seven inner gates 4; the slag ladle cavity 8 is communicated with the periphery of the main body cavity 5 or the side body cavity 6. The gap formed by the auxiliary pouring cavity 7 assists the pouring plate and the slag ladle formed by the slag ladle cavity 8 to be removed when the die casting is cleaned. The cross section of the auxiliary pouring cavity 7 is rectangular.
The pouring exhaust system of the automobile component die-casting mould further comprises: the vacuum extraction system is arranged at the other end of the main body cavity 5; the vacuum pumping system comprises: two inner pumping channels 10 provided with a plurality of inner pumping ports 9 the inner ends of which are respectively communicated with one slag ladle cavity 8, connecting pumping channels 11 respectively communicated with the inner pumping channels 10, and outer pumping channels 12 the inner ends of which are communicated with the connecting pumping channels 11.
The ratio of the sectional area of the sprue 2 to the sectional area of the cross gate 3 is 1: 1.15; the ratio of the cross section area of the cross gate 3 to the total cross section area of the ingate 4 is 1: 1.5.
in this embodiment, the pouring exhaust system of the automobile component die-casting mold further includes: an injection passage 13; two cavities are symmetrically arranged; the straight pouring channels 2 of the two cavities are respectively communicated with the lower ends of the injection channels 13; the sectional area of the shot passage 13 is 12 times the total sectional area of the ingate 4 of the two cavities.
The method for setting the pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting die comprises the steps of setting a pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting die, wherein the pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting die is provided with a limiting structure of the pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting die; determining the total weight of a slag ladle, wherein G = 40% of the weight of a die casting, and G is the total weight G of the slag ladle; step two, determining the total cross section area of the inner sprue 4, wherein Ga = G/(P V T), Ga is the total cross section area mm ^2 of the inner sprue 4, P is the liquid density G/cm ^3 of the die-casting aluminum alloy, V is the flow velocity m/s of the inner sprue 4, and T is the mold filling time s, and step three, determining the total volume of a slag ladle cavity 8, R = G/P, wherein R is the total volume cm ^3 of the slag ladle cavity 8; step four, determining the sectional area of the cross gate 3, wherein Gb = Ga/(1.1-1.2), and the Gb is the sectional area mm ^2 of the cross gate 3 in the formula; step five, determining the sectional area of the sprue 2, wherein Gc = Gb/(1.1-1.2), wherein Gc is the sectional area mm ^2 of the sprue 2; sixthly, determining the sectional area of the injection channel 13, wherein Gd = (10-13) × 2Ga, and the Gd is the sectional area mm ^2 of the injection channel 13.
The method for setting the pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting mould is characterized in that P =2.46G/cm ^3, V =30m/s, T =0.045s, Gb = Ga/(1.15), Gc = Gb/(1.15), Gd =12 ^ Ga, and is obtained through calculation, G = die-casting piece weight 40% =2976G ^ 40% = 1190.4G, Ga = 1190.4G/(2.46G/cm ^3 ^ 30m/s ^ 0.045 s) =358.446 mm ^2, Gb =311.69 mm ^2, Gc =271.04 mm ^2, and Gd =78858.12 mm ^ 2; the rounding is determined as: g =1190G, Ga =358mm ^2, Gb =312 mm ^2, Gc =271 mm ^2, Gd =78858mm ^ 2; the diameter of the shot channel 13 was 160 mm.
According to the pouring exhaust system and the setting method of the automobile component die-casting die, through computer modeling comparative analysis and actual production verification, the defective rate that pores are generated inside the produced automobile component die-casting and bulges are generated on the surface of the die-casting after T6 treatment is less than 0.5%, and the defective rate is reduced by more than 8% compared with the defective rate that pores are generated inside the automobile component die-casting produced by the die-casting die with the traditional pouring exhaust system and bulges are generated on the surface of the die-casting after T6 treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pouring and exhausting system of the automobile component die-casting mold is provided with an auxiliary pouring cavity with the thickness of 0.8 time of the wall thickness of a die-casting mold cavity, so that the mold filling sectional area of molten aluminum is increased; the sectional area of the straight pouring channel, the sectional area of the horizontal pouring channel, the total sectional area of the plurality of inner pouring gates and the sectional area of the auxiliary pouring cavity are sequentially increased, so that the gas wrapping of aluminum liquid in the pouring channels is avoided, and the filling of the aluminum liquid is stable and does not turn over; the slag ladle cavity with large capacity is arranged, so that gas in the cavity and molten aluminum with low temperature at the front end of the filling mold can be discharged conveniently, no air hole is generated inside the die casting, and no bulge is generated on the surface of the die casting after T6 treatment. The vacuum pumping system which is arranged at the other end of the main body cavity and is connected with the vacuum device enables the cavity to generate negative pressure, is beneficial to filling and discharging gas in the cavity, and reduces the tendency of generating air holes. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sprue to the cross-sectional area of the runner is 1: 1.5, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the horizontal runner to the total cross-sectional area of the inner sprue is 1: 1.5, the effect of reducing the generated air holes is better. The sectional area of the injection channel is 12 times of the total sectional area of the inner gates of the two cavities, so that the injection fullness is between 30 and 40 percent, the quality of die castings is ensured, and casting defects such as insufficient filling, cold shut and the like are avoided; the two cavities are symmetrically arranged, so that the productivity is improved. The method for arranging the pouring exhaust system of the automobile component die-casting mould can meet the requirements that no air hole is generated in the die-cast automobile component die-casting part, and no bulge is generated on the surface of the die-casting part after T6 treatment.
In addition to the above embodiments, the technical features or technical data of the present invention may be reselected and combined to form new embodiments within the scope of the claims and the specification of the present invention, which are all realized by those skilled in the art without creative efforts, and thus, the embodiments of the present invention not described in detail should be regarded as specific embodiments of the present invention and are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A method for setting a pouring exhaust system of a die-casting mold for an automobile component comprises the following steps: the die casting die body is provided with at least one sprue, a transverse sprue, a plurality of cavity cavities of ingates and an injection channel; it is characterized in that the die cavity comprises: the inner end of the side body cavity is respectively communicated with one end of the main body cavity, one side of the main body cavity and one side of the side body cavity; the inner end of the inner sprue is communicated with the outer end of the side body cavity or the outer end of the auxiliary pouring cavity; the thickness of the auxiliary pouring cavity is 0.7-0.85 times of the thickness of the die-casting die cavity; the thickness of the inner sprue is equal to that of the auxiliary pouring cavity; the cross section area of the straight pouring channel is smaller than that of the horizontal pouring channel; the cross section area of the horizontal pouring channel is smaller than the total cross section area of the plurality of ingates; the slag ladle cavity is communicated with the periphery of the main body cavity or the side body cavity; two cavities are symmetrically arranged; the straight pouring channels of the two cavities are respectively communicated with the lower ends of the injection channels; the sectional area of the injection channel is 10-13 times of the total sectional area of the inner gates of the two cavities; the method for setting the pouring exhaust system of the automobile component die-casting mould comprises the following steps: determining the total weight of a slag ladle, wherein G = 40% of the weight of a die casting, and G is the total weight G of the slag ladle; step two, determining the total cross section area of the inner sprue, wherein Ga = G/(P V T), Ga is the total cross section area mm ^2 of the inner sprue, P is the liquid density G/cm ^3 of the die-casting aluminum alloy, V is the flow velocity m/s of the inner sprue, T is the mold filling time s, and step three, determining the total volume of the slag ladle cavity, R = G/P, and R is the total volume cm ^3 of the slag ladle cavity; step four, determining the cross section area of the cross gate, wherein Gb = Ga/(1.1-1.2), and the Gb is the cross section area mm ^2 of the cross gate; step five, determining the sectional area of the sprue, wherein Gc = Gb/(1.1-1.2), and Gc is the sectional area mm ^2 of the sprue; sixthly, determining the sectional area of the injection channel, wherein Gd = (10-13) × 2Ga, and the Gd is the sectional area mm ^2 of the injection channel.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein P =2.46G/cm ^3, V =30m/s, T =0.045s, Gb = Ga/(1.15), Gc = Gb/(1.15), Gd =12 × Ga, calculated, G = die casting weight 40% =2976G = 40% = 1190.4G, Ga = 1190.4G/(2.46G/cm ^3 ^ 30m/s 0.045 s) =358.446 mm ^2, Gb =311.69 mm ^2, Gc =271.04 mm ^2, Gd =78858.12 mm ^ 2; the rounding is determined as: g =1190G, Ga =358mm ^2, Gb =312 mm ^2, Gc =271 mm ^2, Gd =78858mm ^ 2; the diameter of the shot channel was 160 mm.
3. The method for setting the gating and exhausting system of the die-casting mold for the automobile component as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the gating and exhausting system of the die-casting mold for the automobile component further comprises: the vacuum pumping system is arranged at the other end of the main body cavity; the vacuum pumping system comprises: at least one inner pumping channel provided with a plurality of inner pumping ports, the inner ends of which are respectively communicated with one slag ladle cavity, a connecting pumping channel respectively communicated with the inner pumping channel, and an outer pumping channel, the inner ends of which are communicated with the connecting pumping channel.
4. A method for setting a gating and exhausting system of a die-casting mold of an automobile component as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sprue to the cross-sectional area of the runner is 1: 1.1-1.2; the ratio of the cross section area of the horizontal pouring gate to the total cross section area of the inner pouring gate is 1: 1.1-1.2.
CN201811277038.8A 2018-10-30 2018-10-30 Pouring exhaust system of automobile component die-casting mold and setting method Active CN109290548B (en)

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Denomination of invention: A pouring exhaust system and setting method for automotive component die-casting molds

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Pledgee: Zhejiang Tailong Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Ningbo Beilun sub branch

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