CN109284538B - Method for reducing length of bridge slope pile foundation - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及桥梁设计技术，尤其涉及一种桥梁斜坡桩基长度折减方法。The invention relates to bridge design technology, in particular to a method for reducing the length of bridge slope pile foundations.
背景技术Background technique
位于斜坡上的桩与平坡桩受力模式不同，导致斜坡桩相对于入土深度相同的普通桩承载能力下降，然而现阶段各个规范对斜坡桩的具体折减方式均没有提及，实际设计中，要么过于保守，要么存在一定的安全隐患。The load-bearing capacity of slope piles is different from that of flat slope piles, which leads to a decrease in the bearing capacity of slope piles compared to ordinary piles with the same depth of penetration. However, the specific reduction methods for slope piles are not mentioned in the current codes. , either too conservative, or there are certain security risks.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题在于针对现有技术中的缺陷，提供一种桥梁斜坡桩基长度折减方法，该方法能够较为有效的对桩基长度进行折减，使得折减后的桩基安全储备更强更合理，对现阶段斜坡桩基的设计具有一定的指导意义。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the length of the pile foundation of a bridge slope in view of the defects in the prior art, which can effectively reduce the length of the pile foundation, so that the pile foundation after reduction is safe The reserve is stronger and more reasonable, which has certain guiding significance for the design of slope pile foundation at the present stage.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种桥梁斜坡桩基长度折减方法，包括以下步骤：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for reducing the length of pile foundations on slopes of bridges, comprising the following steps:
1)确定待处理斜坡桩基土层的具体参数，包括内摩擦角、粘聚力、弹性模量、泊松比；1) Determine the specific parameters of the slope pile foundation soil layer to be treated, including internal friction angle, cohesion, elastic modulus, and Poisson's ratio;
2)根据所得土层参数，同时根据不同的坡度，建立一系列数值模型；所述坡度的范围为0至60°，坡度级差为10°；2) according to the obtained soil parameters, and according to different slopes, a series of numerical models are established; the range of the slope is 0 to 60°, and the gradient difference is 10°;
3)对数值模型进行运算分析，提取各桩的桩侧摩阻力；3) Carry out calculation and analysis on the numerical model, and extract the pile side frictional resistance of each pile;
4)对各桩侧摩阻力的分布情况进行分析，以侧摩阻力为横坐标，桩基础埋深为纵坐标，确定各个坡度下的侧摩阻力开始发挥点，即需折减深度处；4) Analyze the distribution of the side friction resistance of each pile, take the side friction resistance as the abscissa, and the buried depth of the pile foundation as the ordinate, determine the point where the side friction resistance starts to play under each slope, that is, the place where the depth needs to be reduced;
5)将各桩的斜坡度数及需折减深度汇总，以斜坡度数为横坐标，需折减深度为纵坐标，绘制相关图形；5) Summarize the degree of slope and the depth to be reduced for each pile, take the degree of slope as the abscissa, and the depth to be reduced as the ordinate, and draw relevant graphics;
6)将图形拟合为具体公式，得出折减深度后，使用规范相关公式验算桩长。6) Fit the graph to a specific formula, and after obtaining the reduced depth, check the pile length using the formula related to the specification.
按上述方案，所述步骤4)中侧摩阻力开始发挥点的确定方法如下：将桩基每2m分为一个单元将桩基分为多个单元，每个单元的两端为节点，当侧摩阻力分布图中相邻两节点之前的斜率大于40°时，则将开始大于40°时的节点作为侧摩阻力开始发挥点。According to the above scheme, the method for determining the starting point of side friction resistance in step 4) is as follows: divide the pile foundation into a unit every 2m, divide the pile foundation into multiple units, and the two ends of each unit are nodes. When the slope before two adjacent nodes in the friction resistance distribution diagram is greater than 40°, the node when it starts to be greater than 40° is taken as the starting point of side friction resistance.
按上述方案，所述步骤2)中数值模型为有限元模型或有限差分模型。According to the above scheme, the numerical model in step 2) is a finite element model or a finite difference model.
本发明产生的有益效果是：The beneficial effects produced by the present invention are:
其一，考虑了斜坡对桥梁桩基长度的影响，与不考虑影响的方法对比更加精确和有效。First, it considers the influence of the slope on the length of the bridge pile foundation, which is more accurate and effective than the method that does not consider the influence.
其二，本发明具有良好的兼容性，可以与规范计算方法直接对接，仅对规范方法增加无效土范围。Second, the present invention has good compatibility and can be directly connected with the standard calculation method, and only increases the invalid soil range for the standard method.
其三，本发明数值模拟建立方法、数据输出均可以采用命令流方式，建模简洁，改动方便，计算效率高。Third, the numerical simulation establishment method and data output of the present invention can both adopt the command flow mode, which is simple in modeling, convenient in modification, and high in calculation efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, in the accompanying drawing:
图1是本发明实施例的方法流程图；Fig. 1 is the method flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例的典型数值模型图；Fig. 2 is a typical numerical model diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例的桩侧摩阻力分布图；Fig. 3 is the pile side friction resistance distribution figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例的折减长度趋势图。Fig. 4 is a trend diagram of the reduced length of the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
如图1所示，本发明的方法确定斜坡桩基长度折减方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, the method of the present invention determines slope pile foundation length reduction method, comprises the following steps:
1)确定待处理斜坡桩基土层的具体参数，包括内摩擦角、粘聚力、弹性模量、泊松比；1) Determine the specific parameters of the slope pile foundation soil layer to be treated, including internal friction angle, cohesion, elastic modulus, and Poisson's ratio;
本实施例以某次地质勘测数据为基础，该岩层为强风化岩，其基本参数设置如下：This embodiment is based on a certain geological survey data. The rock formation is strongly weathered rock, and its basic parameters are set as follows:
内摩擦角＝25°；Internal friction angle = 25°;
粘聚力＝2400kPa；Cohesion = 2400kPa;
弹性模量＝32.5GPa；Elastic modulus = 32.5GPa;
泊松比＝0.27；Poisson's ratio = 0.27;
重度为＝25kN/m3。The weight is = 25 kN/m 3 .
2)根据所得土层参数，同时根据不同的坡度，建立一系列数值模型；所述坡度的范围为0至60°，坡度级差为10°；数值模型为有限元模型或有限差分模型；如图2；2) According to the obtained soil layer parameters, a series of numerical models are established according to different slopes; the range of the slope is 0 to 60°, and the gradient difference is 10°; the numerical model is a finite element model or a finite difference model; as shown 2;
根据所得土层参数，同时根据不同的坡度，建立一系列数值模型；坡度范围为0～60°，坡度极差为10°，即建立0、10°、20°、30°、40°、50°、60°七个模型；According to the obtained soil layer parameters and different slopes, a series of numerical models are established; the slope range is 0-60°, and the slope range is 10°, that is, 0, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, 50° °, 60° seven models;
3)对数值模型进行运算分析，提取各桩的桩侧摩阻力；3) Carry out calculation and analysis on the numerical model, and extract the pile side frictional resistance of each pile;
4)对各桩侧摩阻力的分布情况进行分析，以侧摩阻力为横坐标，桩基础埋深为纵坐标，确定各个坡度下的侧摩阻力开始发挥点(即需折减深度处)；如图3，建模时将桩基每2m一个单元分为多个单元，每个单元的两端为节点(若桩基较长，可增加单元数量)，当侧摩阻力分布图中，相邻两节点之前的斜率大于40°时，将开始大于40°时的节点作为侧摩阻力开始发挥点。4) Analyze the distribution of the side friction resistance of each pile, take the side friction resistance as the abscissa, and the buried depth of the pile foundation as the ordinate, and determine the starting point of the side friction resistance under each slope (that is, the place where the depth needs to be reduced); As shown in Figure 3, when modeling, the pile foundation is divided into multiple units every 2m, and the two ends of each unit are nodes (if the pile foundation is long, the number of units can be increased). When the slope before the two adjacent nodes is greater than 40°, the node when it starts to be greater than 40° is taken as the point where the side friction resistance starts to play.
5)将各桩的斜坡度数及需折减深度汇总，以斜坡度数为横坐标，需折减深度为纵坐标绘制相关图形并进行拟合。如图4,从图中可以看出，侧摩阻力起作用点随着埋深的增大而增大，且增大趋势大致可视为线性。5) Summarize the degree of slope and the depth to be reduced for each pile, take the degree of slope as the abscissa, and the depth to be reduced as the ordinate to draw relevant graphics and perform fitting. As shown in Figure 4, it can be seen from the figure that the effective point of side friction resistance increases with the increase of buried depth, and the increasing trend can be roughly regarded as linear.
6)将图形拟合为具体公式，得出折减深度后，即可使用规范相关公式验算桩长。6) After fitting the graph into a specific formula and obtaining the reduced depth, the pile length can be checked and calculated using the relevant formulas in the code.
将拟合图形改写为具体公式，方便实际设计使用。其具体形式为：Rewrite the fitting graph into a specific formula, which is convenient for actual design and use. Its specific form is:
式中，Lre代表折减埋深，以直径(d)为单位；s代表坡度，以度数(°)为单位。In the formula, Lre represents the reduced buried depth, in the unit of diameter (d); s represents the slope, in the unit of degree (°).
具体使用时，假设有一45°斜坡，代入该式，可得折减埋深为：Lre＝2/5*45-8＝10m。针对该深度以上的侧摩阻力不考虑，不列入计算。In specific use, assuming a 45° slope, substituting this formula, the reduced buried depth can be obtained as: L re =2/5*45-8=10m. The side friction resistance above this depth is not considered and is not included in the calculation.
应当理解的是，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.
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