CN109281427B - Roof truss with grid structure and roof - Google Patents
Roof truss with grid structure and roof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109281427B CN109281427B CN201811155607.1A CN201811155607A CN109281427B CN 109281427 B CN109281427 B CN 109281427B CN 201811155607 A CN201811155607 A CN 201811155607A CN 109281427 B CN109281427 B CN 109281427B
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- roof
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- roof truss
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
- E04B7/022—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of a plurality of parallel similar trusses or portal frames
- E04B7/024—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of a plurality of parallel similar trusses or portal frames the trusses or frames supporting load-bearing purlins, e.g. braced purlins
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C3/11—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with non-parallel upper and lower edges, e.g. roof trusses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a roof truss with a grid structure and a roof, wherein the roof truss comprises an upper chord member, at least three lower chord members, at least two middle chord members, a plurality of connecting rods and a plurality of web members which form the grid structure, the upper chord member is positioned above the middle chord member, the middle chord member is positioned above the lower chord member, and the cross section of the roof truss is triangular; the upper chords are connected with the adjacent middle chords through web members, the lower chords are connected with the adjacent middle chords through web members, the adjacent lower chords are connected through connecting rods, and the adjacent middle chords are connected through connecting rods; the invention also relates to a roof. On one hand, the invention improves the structural stability and the installation efficiency of the roof truss, greatly enhances the bearing capacity and the rollover resistance of the roof truss, and simplifies the installation procedure; on the other hand, the space utilization rate below the roof boards is improved, the first roof boards are almost flush with the bottoms of the roof frames, the lower parts of the roof boards are smooth and attractive, and the space clearance is enlarged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a roof truss with a grid structure and a roof, and belongs to the technical field of building structures.
Background
Roof structures of some existing large space building structures typically take the form of roof truss support roof panels, such as buildings of factory buildings, gymnasiums, etc. The roof truss of which a plane trapezoid structure or a plane triangle structure is mostly adopted, as disclosed in patent document 1 (CN 101463629 a), patent document 2 (CN 203129641U), patent document 3 (CN 206467892U), has a certain stability in a vertical plane, and can bear a vertically downward load, but it also has the following drawbacks.
1. The roof truss has poor lateral load resistance and poor lateral stability. Because the roof truss is a vertical plane structure, the roof truss is easy to turn over when receiving a large horizontal load, and therefore, when being installed, the single roof truss is required to be laterally fixed, or two adjacent roof trusses are mutually connected by utilizing a steel rod or a stay cable, so that the lateral stability of the roof truss is enhanced.
2. The installation efficiency is low. Because the single roof truss needs to be laterally fixed, the construction difficulty is increased, the construction efficiency is reduced, the phenomenon of side turning easily occurs when the single roof truss is not installed in place, accidents are caused, and a large safety risk exists.
3. The space utilization of roof trusses is low. In the existing roof truss, purlines are fixed on upper chords of the roof truss, roof boards are paved on the purlines, so that the whole height of the roof truss is below the roof boards, but the space occupied by the roof truss is unavailable, the maximum height of the roof truss in some building structures reaches about 2 meters, and the height close to the roof and close to 2 meters is unavailable, so that the building space is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the space utilization rate in a house, reduce the installation difficulty and improve the installation efficiency of the roof truss, the invention provides the roof truss with a grid structure and a roof, and the technical scheme is as follows.
The roof truss with the grid structure is characterized by comprising an upper chord member, two lower chord members, a plurality of connecting rods and a plurality of web members, wherein the upper chord member is positioned above the lower chord member, the cross section of the roof truss is triangular, the upper chord member and the lower chord member are respectively positioned at three vertex positions of the triangle, the upper chord member is connected with the lower chord member through the web members, and the two lower chord members are connected through the connecting rods;
Or the roof truss comprises an upper chord member, at least three lower chord members, at least two middle chord members, a plurality of connecting rods and a plurality of web members which form a grid structure, wherein the upper chord member is positioned above the middle chord members, the middle chord members are positioned above the lower chord members, the cross section of the roof truss is triangular, the upper chord members are positioned at the upper top points of the triangles, and the lower chord members are positioned at the bottom edges of the triangles; the upper chords are connected with the adjacent middle chords through web members, the lower chords are connected with the adjacent middle chords through web members, the adjacent lower chords are connected through connecting rods, and the adjacent middle chords are connected through connecting rods.
Compared with the plane roof truss in the prior art, the three-dimensional roof truss with the grid structure has better stability, and during installation, the roof truss is only required to be fixed on the upright post, the wall or the beam of a building, the roof truss is not required to be additionally fixed in a lateral direction (horizontal direction), the roof truss can be prefabricated in a factory, and the roof truss can be hoisted and fixed on site or assembled on site, so that the installation efficiency of the roof truss is greatly improved; the cross section of the roof truss is triangular, so that the lateral stability is improved, and the bearing capacity of the roof truss is further improved.
According to the technical scheme, the connecting node of the web member (4) and the upper chord member (1), the lower chord member (2) or the middle chord member (3) is a welding node or a bolt ball node, and the connecting node of the connecting rod (12) and the lower chord member (2) or the middle chord member (3) is a welding ball node or a bolt ball node. Wherein the solder joints are preferably solder ball joints.
A further improvement in the above technical solution, the connecting rods connected between adjacent lower chords being perpendicular to the lower chords; the web member connected between the upper chord and the middle chord, or the web member connected between the lower chord and the middle chord is inclined with respect to the vertical direction.
Further improvements in the above technical solutions, the roof truss comprises a number of rectangular pyramid structures consisting of four web members, a part of two connecting rods and two lower chords and/or of four web members, two connecting rods and a part of two intermediate chords. The rectangular pyramid structure is provided with four inclined triangles formed by the rod pieces, so that the roof truss is particularly good in stability, and the integral strength of the roof truss is improved.
In a further development of the above-mentioned solution, the lower chord is herringbone as seen in a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the roof truss.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also relates to a roof, which comprises transverse purlines, longitudinal purlines, a first roof plate, a second roof plate and the roof truss with the grid structure, wherein the transverse purlines are perpendicular to the extending direction of the roof truss, and two ends of the transverse purlines are respectively fixed on lower chords, welding nodes or bolt ball nodes of two adjacent roof trusses; the longitudinal purlines are arranged on two sides of the roof truss along the extending direction of the roof truss, the transverse purlines are provided with first roof boards, the longitudinal purlines are provided with second roof boards, and the first roof boards are located below the second roof boards.
Further improvements in the above technical solutions, the transverse purlines are fixed to the welded nodes or bolted ball nodes on the lower chords by purline connecting rods, or the transverse purlines are fixed to the lower chords by welding or bolting. Wherein the solder joints are preferably solder ball joints.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The three-dimensional roof truss with the grid structure has the advantages that the cross section is triangular, the inside of the three-dimensional roof truss is provided with a plurality of rectangular pyramid structures, the stability of a single roof truss is high, the lateral fixing procedure of the roof truss can be omitted, the roof truss is fast and convenient to install, and safety accidents such as side turning and the like are avoided.
2. And the clearance utilization rate is improved. The invention is equivalent to arranging the roof boards under the roof truss, namely, the roof truss is positioned above or flush with most of the roof boards (the first roof board is lower than, flush with or slightly higher than the lower chord member of the roof truss), the connection arrangement mode of the existing roof truss and the roof board is completely overturned, and the space utilization rate below the roof board is improved. In the prior art, an upright post with the height of 8 meters is adopted, a roof truss with the height of 2 meters is arranged on the upright post, and the roof panel is 10 meters away from the ground, so that only 8 meters of space can be utilized; with the roof structure of the present invention, the first roof panel is 10 meters high from the ground, so that a space of 10 meters high can be utilized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the roof of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the roof according to embodiment 1 of the present invention with roof panels removed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a roof removal roof slab and longitudinal purlins of example 1 of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a roof truss of example 2.
In the figure: the upper chord member 1, the lower chord member 2, the middle chord member 3, the web members 4, the bolt balls 5, the transverse purlines 6, the longitudinal purlines 7, the top cover structure 8, the first roof panel 9, the second roof panel 10, the purline connecting rods 11 and the connecting rods 12.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-3, a roof truss with a grid structure comprises an upper chord 1, three lower chords 2, two middle chords 3, a plurality of connecting rods 12 and a plurality of web members 4 which form the grid structure, wherein the upper chord 1 is positioned above the middle chord 3, the middle chord 3 is positioned above the lower chord 2, the cross section of the roof truss is triangular, the upper chord 1 is positioned at the upper vertex of the triangle, and the lower chord 2 is positioned at the bottom side of the triangle; the upper chords 1 are connected with two adjacent middle chords 3 through web members 4, the lower chords 2 are connected with the adjacent middle chords 3 through web members 4, the adjacent lower chords 2 are connected with each other through connecting rods 12, and the two adjacent middle chords are also connected with each other through connecting rods 12. The connection node of the grid structure adopts a bolt ball form or a welding ball form.
The web member 4 is connected to the upper chord member 1, the lower chord member 2, or the intermediate chord member 3 by a welding ball or a bolt ball 5, and the connecting rod 12 is connected to the lower chord member 2 or the intermediate chord member 3 by a welding ball or a bolt ball 5.
The connecting rods 12 between adjacent lower chords 2 are perpendicular to the lower chords 2, and the connecting rods 12 between adjacent middle chords 3 are perpendicular to the middle chords 3; the web members 4 between the upper chord 1 and the middle chord 3, and the web members 4 between the lower chord 2 and the middle chord 3 are all inclined in the vertical direction.
The two connecting rods 12 between two adjacent lower chords 2, the four web members 4 between the two adjacent lower chords 2 and a part of the middle chord 3 above, and the two lower chords 2 are combined together to form a rectangular pyramid structure, and a plurality of rectangular pyramid structures are arranged along the extending direction of the lower chords 2; and the middle chord 3 and the upper chord 1 also form a similar rectangular pyramid structure by the web members 4, i.e. four web members, two connecting rods and a part of two middle chords form a rectangular pyramid structure. The rectangular pyramid structure comprises a plurality of inclined triangles formed by the rod pieces, so that the roof truss is particularly good in stability, and the integral strength of the roof truss is improved.
Preferably, the lower chord 2 is herringbone, i.e. higher in the middle than on both sides, seen in a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the roof truss. After the herringbone roof truss is installed, the roof truss is inclined at a certain angle, so that the diversion of rainwater is facilitated. The upper chord 1 may be in a herringbone shape or a straight shape.
Based on the same conception, the invention also relates to a roof, which comprises transverse purlines 6, longitudinal purlines 7, a first roof panel 9, a second roof panel 10 and the roof truss with the grid structure, wherein the transverse purlines 6 are perpendicular to the extending direction of the roof truss, two ends of the transverse purlines 6 are respectively fixed on the lower chords 2 of two adjacent roof trusses, and a plurality of transverse purlines 6 are arranged in parallel; the longitudinal purlines 7 are arranged on two sides of the roof truss along the extending direction of the roof truss, at least two longitudinal purlines 7 are arranged on one side face of the roof truss, a first roof panel 9 is arranged on the transverse purlines 6, a second roof panel 10 is arranged on the longitudinal purlines 7, and the first roof panel 9 is located below the second roof panel 10. The transverse purlines 6 are fixed on the bolt balls 5 or the welding balls on the lower chord member 2 through purline connecting rods 11, or the transverse purlines 6 are fixed on the lower chord member through welding or bolts; the connecting rod 11 is illustrated in fig. 2,3 as being located below the lower chord 2, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the connecting rod 11 may be located above the lower chord 2. The longitudinal purlines 7 are also fixed on the bolt balls 5 or welding balls on the upper chord 1, the lower chord 2 or the middle chord 3 through purline connecting rods 11, or the transverse purlines 6 are fixed on the lower chord 2 or the middle chord 3 through welding or bolts; roof panels may be fixedly mounted to purlins by conventional roof panel fastening means.
The second roof panels 10 are located on both sides of the roof truss forming a splayed configuration, and the roof of the roof truss may be provided with a roof structure 8 covering the tops of the two second roof panels 10. The rain water falling on the second roof panel 10 flows onto the first roof panel 9 along the inclined surface of the second roof panel 10, and the rain water on the first roof panel 9 falls off the roof or onto the gutter along the inclined surface of the first roof panel 9.
By adopting the roof truss and the roof thereof, on one hand, the structural stability and the installation efficiency of the roof truss are improved, the bearing capacity and the rollover resistance of the roof truss are greatly enhanced, and the installation procedure is simplified; on the other hand, the space utilization rate below the roof boards is improved, the first roof board is almost flush with the bottom of the roof truss, the lower part of the roof board is smooth and attractive, the space below the first roof board can be used, and compared with the traditional roof board with the height of 10 meters, the invention enlarges the space clearance.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 in that an intermediate chord is eliminated, the roof truss includes one upper chord 1 and two lower chords 2, web members 4 are connected between the upper chord 1 and the lower chords 2, connecting rods 12 are connected between the two lower chords 2, four web members 4 between the lower chords 2 and the upper chord 1, and the two lower chords 2 combine together into a rectangular pyramid structure, and a plurality of rectangular pyramid structures are provided along the extending direction of the lower chords 2. Other structures of the roof truss and the purlines are the same as those of embodiment 1, and are not described here again.
It should be noted that: the roof truss grid structure may include a combination of the structures of example 2 to form a grid structure of triangular cross section.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper" and "lower" in the foregoing description merely denote the same direction as the drawing itself, and do not limit the structure. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims, which are all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A roof comprising transverse purlins (6), longitudinal purlins (7), a first roof panel (9), a second roof panel (10) and a roof truss having a grid structure; the roof truss is characterized by comprising an upper chord member (1), two lower chord members (2), a plurality of connecting rods (12) and a plurality of web members (4) which form a grid structure, wherein the upper chord member (1) is positioned above the lower chord members (2), the cross section of the roof truss is triangular, the upper chord member (1) and the lower chord members (2) are respectively positioned at three vertex positions of the triangle, the upper chord member (1) and the lower chord members (2) are connected through the web members (4), and the two lower chord members (2) are connected through the connecting rods (12);
Or the roof truss comprises an upper chord member (1), at least three lower chord members (2), at least two middle chord members (3), a plurality of connecting rods (12) and a plurality of web members (4) which form a grid structure, wherein the upper chord member (1) is positioned above the middle chord member (3), the middle chord member (3) is positioned above the lower chord member (2), the cross section of the roof truss is triangular, the upper chord member (1) is positioned at the upper vertex position of the triangle, and the lower chord member (2) is positioned at the bottom side of the triangle; the upper chords (1) are connected with the adjacent middle chords (3) through web members (4), the lower chords (2) are connected with the adjacent middle chords (3) through web members (4), the adjacent lower chords (2) are connected through connecting rods (12), and the adjacent middle chords (3) are connected through connecting rods (12);
the transverse purline (6) is perpendicular to the extending direction of the roof trusses, and two ends of the transverse purline are respectively fixed on the lower chords (2), welding nodes or bolt ball nodes of two adjacent roof trusses; the longitudinal purlines (7) are arranged on two sides of the roof truss along the extending direction of the roof truss, a first roof board (9) is arranged on the transverse purlines (6), a second roof board (10) is arranged on the longitudinal purlines (7), and the first roof board (9) is positioned below the second roof board (10);
the connecting nodes of the web member (4) and the upper chord member (1), the lower chord member (2) or the middle chord member (3) are welding nodes or bolt ball nodes, and the connecting nodes of the connecting rod (12) and the lower chord member (2) or the middle chord member (3) are welding nodes or bolt ball nodes;
The connecting rods (12) connected between the adjacent lower chords (2) are perpendicular to the lower chords (2); the web member (4) connected between the upper chord (1) and the middle chord (3), or the web member (4) connected between the lower chord (2) and the middle chord (3) is inclined with respect to the vertical direction.
2. A roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the roof truss comprises several quadrangular pyramid structures consisting of four web members (4), two connecting rods (12) and parts of two lower chords (2) and/or of four web members (4), two connecting rods (12) and parts of two intermediate chords (3).
3. A roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower chord (2) is herringbone as seen in a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the roof truss.
4. A roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse purlins (6) are fastened to the lower chord (2) by means of welded joints or bolted ball joints on the lower chord (2) by means of purlin connecting rods (11), or that the transverse purlins (6) are fastened to the lower chord (2) by means of welding or bolts.
5. A roof according to claim 4, wherein the welded joint is a welded ball joint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811155607.1A CN109281427B (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Roof truss with grid structure and roof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811155607.1A CN109281427B (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Roof truss with grid structure and roof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109281427A CN109281427A (en) | 2019-01-29 |
| CN109281427B true CN109281427B (en) | 2024-05-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811155607.1A Active CN109281427B (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Roof truss with grid structure and roof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109281427B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102182250A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-09-14 | 浙江东南网架股份有限公司 | Novel aluminum alloy bolt ball grid frame node and grid frame mounting method thereof |
| CN202559571U (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-11-28 | 中铁四局集团建筑工程有限公司 | Net rack roof with siphon rainwater pipeline |
| CN103061413A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-04-24 | 建研科技股份有限公司 | Herringbone roof truss component and roof truss constructed by same |
| CN103628570A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-03-12 | 陕西建工机械施工集团有限公司 | Installation method for welding ball node grid structure |
| DE202014001148U1 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2014-03-27 | Ing.-Holzbau Schnoor GmbH & Co. KG | Roof construction |
| CN209211742U (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-08-06 | 金耀 | A kind of roof truss and roof with grid structure |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080178555A1 (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2008-07-31 | C. Green & Sons, Inc. | Tapered truss |
-
2018
- 2018-09-30 CN CN201811155607.1A patent/CN109281427B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102182250A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-09-14 | 浙江东南网架股份有限公司 | Novel aluminum alloy bolt ball grid frame node and grid frame mounting method thereof |
| CN202559571U (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-11-28 | 中铁四局集团建筑工程有限公司 | Net rack roof with siphon rainwater pipeline |
| CN103061413A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-04-24 | 建研科技股份有限公司 | Herringbone roof truss component and roof truss constructed by same |
| CN103628570A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-03-12 | 陕西建工机械施工集团有限公司 | Installation method for welding ball node grid structure |
| DE202014001148U1 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2014-03-27 | Ing.-Holzbau Schnoor GmbH & Co. KG | Roof construction |
| CN209211742U (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-08-06 | 金耀 | A kind of roof truss and roof with grid structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109281427A (en) | 2019-01-29 |
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