CN109280365B - Preparation method of light insulator core body for extra-high voltage - Google Patents
Preparation method of light insulator core body for extra-high voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN109280365B CN109280365B CN201811065072.9A CN201811065072A CN109280365B CN 109280365 B CN109280365 B CN 109280365B CN 201811065072 A CN201811065072 A CN 201811065072A CN 109280365 B CN109280365 B CN 109280365B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a light insulator core body for ultra-high voltage. The density of the light core material for the composite insulator for the ultra-high voltage, prepared by the method, is only 1/3-1/4 of an epoxy glass fiber composite material used by the current ultra-high voltage composite insulator, so that the weight of the current solid insulator for the ultra-high voltage can be reduced by more than 50%, and the light core material has the characteristics of excellent toughness of a polyurethane material, compact internal filling, few defects, excellent bonding force with a glass fiber reinforced plastic shell, excellent electrical insulating property and the like, and greatly improves the use safety performance of the current ultra-high voltage transmission line. In addition, the preparation process is simple, complex machine equipment is not needed, the problem of resin core burning does not occur in the preparation process, and the preparation method is suitable for industrial mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrical composite materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a light insulator core body for ultra-high voltage.
Background
The ultra-high voltage power transmission has the remarkable advantages of large power transmission capacity, long transmission distance, low loss, power transmission corridor saving and the like. The composite insulator for the ultra-high voltage transmission line in China is formed by epoxy resin and glass fiber through a pultrusion process, and has the advantages of simple structure, excellent mechanical tensile strength, non-breakdown, excellent stain resistance and the like. However, the insulator has a solid structure, and as the voltage class is improved, the diameter and length of the insulator are required to be remarkably increased for insulation performance and use safety, so that a series of problems are caused. The increase of the size leads to the sharp increase of the weight of the insulator, and brings great inconvenience to transportation and installation; in addition, the problems of slow production efficiency, increased interface defects, difficult on-line detection, heat accumulation and core burning in the curing process and the like are also caused; in addition, along with the increase of the size, the contact surface area of the glass fiber and the epoxy resin is greatly increased, the internal defects are inevitably increased, the epoxy resin has the problem of brittleness, and the small defects are easy to form a cross section to cause safety accidents, so that the large-size solid insulator prepared from the epoxy glass fiber composite material has great potential safety hazards in use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a light insulator core body for ultra-high voltage. The density of the light insulator core material prepared by the method is less than 1/3 of an epoxy glass fiber composite material used by the current ultra-high voltage composite insulator, the weight of the current solid insulator for the ultra-high voltage can be reduced by more than 50%, and the light insulator core material has the characteristics of excellent toughness of a polyurethane material, dense internal filling, few defects, excellent bonding force with a glass fiber reinforced plastic shell, excellent electrical insulating property and the like, and greatly improves the use safety performance of the current ultra-high voltage transmission line. In addition, the preparation process is simple, complex machine equipment is not needed, the problem of resin core burning does not occur in the preparation process, and the preparation method is suitable for industrial mass production.
A preparation method of a light insulator core body for an ultra-high voltage transmission line comprises the following steps:
(1) the components A and B are calculated and weighed according to the range of the molar ratio of [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] of the components A and B being 1.0-1.2: 1, the components A and B are respectively weighed according to the molar ratio of [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] of 1.0-1.2: 1, the polyether containing [ -OH ], the chain extender and the cross-linking agent are used as the components A, the isocyanate component containing [ -NCO ] and multiple functionality is used as the component B.
(2) Weighing the glass beads according to 10-30% of the mass of the component A, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the glass beads with the component A in advance.
(3) Preparing a mold for preparing the core rod, uniformly coating a polyurethane release agent on the inner surface of the mold, and sealing the bottom end of the mold.
(4) And after the component A mixed with the glass beads and the component B are uniformly mixed and stirred, vacuumizing and degassing in a vacuum oven, discharging gas after the gas in the mixture is completely removed, taking out the material, and then pouring the material into a prepared mould. And (3) placing the mold into an oven to be cured at a certain temperature, and demolding after the polyurethane resin is completely cured to obtain the light insulator core.
Preferably, the polyether component in the step (1) is one or more of polyoxypropylene polyol, polytetrahydrofuran polyol or vegetable oil polyol; the isocyanate component is polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate or liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
Preferably, the chain extender in the step (1) is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, diethylene glycol and dipropylene glycol.
Preferably, the cross-linking agent in step (1) is one or more of glycerol, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
Preferably, the closed pore rate of the glass microspheres in the step (1) is required to be more than 85%, and the density is 0.1-0.3 g/cm3In the meantime. Preferably, the amount of the glass beads added in the step (2) is determined according to the density of the lightweight core and the density of the glass beads.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the A/B component in the step (4) to the [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] is 1.05-1.1: 1.
preferably, the die in the step (4) is placed in a forced air oven to be cured for 2-8 hours at the temperature of 60-100 ℃.
Advantageous effects
The light insulator core material for ultra-high voltage prepared by the invention takes polyurethane resin with good toughness and high insulation as a matrix, is compounded with glass beads with high insulation and low density, and is prepared into a polyurethane light composite core rod through a vacuum casting process, wherein the density is less than 0.75g/cm3. The outer layer of the core rod is wound with glass fiber with a certain thickness and impregnated with epoxy resin, and the glass fiber is cured to form the lightweight insulator for the ultra-high voltage transmission line. Compared with the existing ultra-high voltage composite insulator, the insulator has the advantages of weight reduction of more than 50%, good toughness, compact internal filling and few defects, has excellent bonding force with a glass fiber reinforced plastic shell, has excellent electrical insulation performance, and meets the long-term safe use requirement of the existing ultra-high voltage environment composite insulator. In addition, the method has the advantages of simple preparation process, no need of complex machinery and equipment, no resin core burning problem in the preparation process, and suitability for industrial production. The polyurethane light material core filling insulator is popularized and applied in the ultra-high voltage transmission line, and has important significance for improving the safe operation of the ultra-high voltage transmission line in China and reducing the risk of accidents.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a light insulator core body for ultra-high voltage comprises the following steps:
(1) 15 parts of tetrahydrofuran-propylene oxide copolyether with the brand number of NG210, 45 parts of refined castor oil, 50025 parts of polyether MN, 411012 parts of polyether, 2 parts of diethylene glycol and 1 part of triethanolamine (total 100 parts) are uniformly mixed to form the component A. Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PAPI) was used as the component B, and the two were weighed in an A/B mass ratio of 1:0.8 ([ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] molar ratio of about 1.1: 1).
(2) Preparation of 0.55g/cm3The calculated density of the light core material is 0.2g/cm3The mass of the glass microspheres with the closed pore rate of 90 percent is 22.2 percent of the mass of the component A. Weighing the glass beads according to the calculated amount, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the glass beads with 100 parts of the component A in advance.
(3) And (3) rapidly stirring the component A and the component B mixed with the glass beads for 30-60 seconds at 3000 r/min by using mechanical stirring, placing the materials into a vacuum oven for vacuumizing and degassing after the colors of the materials are uniform, and pouring the mixture into a prepared mould after the gases in the mixture are completely removed. Placing the mould into an oven, curing for 4 hours at 80 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the product with the density of 0.55g/cm3The light insulator core body. The lightweight insulator core material for the ultra-high voltage transmission line prepared by the method in the embodiment (1) has the following properties:
the material has a diameter of 320mm, a wall thickness of 20mm and a wall density of 2.2g/cm3The weight reduction proportion of the core body material of the glass fiber reinforced plastic extra-high voltage composite insulator can reach 57.4 percent.
Example 2
A preparation method of a light insulator core material for ultra-high voltage comprises the following steps:
(1) 52 parts of refined castor oil, 50035 parts of polyether MN, 411010 parts of polyether, 2 parts of diethylene glycol and 1 part of triethanolamine (total 100 parts) are uniformly mixed to form a component A, polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PAPI) is used as a component B, and the component A and the component B are weighed according to the A/B mass ratio of 1:0.8 (the molar ratio of [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] is about 1.1: 1).
(2) Preparation of 0.60g/cm3The calculated density of the light core material is 0.2g/cm3The mass of the glass microspheres with the closed pore rate of 90 percent is 20.0 percent of the mass of the component A. Weighing the glass beads according to the calculated amount, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the glass beads with 100 parts of the component A in advance.
(3) And (3) rapidly stirring the component A and the component B mixed with the glass beads for 30-60 seconds at 3000 r/min by using mechanical stirring, placing the materials into a vacuum oven for vacuumizing and degassing after the colors of the materials are uniform, and pouring the mixture into a prepared mould after the gases in the mixture are completely removed. Placing the mould into an oven, curing for 4 hours at 80 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the product with the density of 0.60g/cm3The light insulator core body.
The lightweight insulator core material for the ultra-high voltage transmission line prepared by the method of the embodiment (2) has the following properties:
the material has a diameter of 320mm, a wall thickness of 20mm and a wall density of 2.2g/cm3The weight reduction proportion of the core body material of the glass fiber reinforced plastic extra-high voltage composite insulator can reach 55.7%.
Example 3
A preparation method of a light insulator core material for ultra-high voltage comprises the following steps:
(1) 50 parts of refined castor oil, 50035 parts of polyether MN, 411012 parts of polyether, 2 parts of diethylene glycol and 1 part (total 100 parts) of triethanolamine are uniformly mixed to form a component A, liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate (C-MDI) is used as a component B, and the component A and the component B are weighed according to the A/B mass ratio of 1:0.70 (the molar ratio of [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] is about 1.07: 1).
(2) Preparation of 0.60g/cm3The calculated density of the light core material is 0.2g/cm3The mass of the glass microspheres with the closed pore rate of 90 percent is 22.2 percent of that of the component A. Weighing the glass beads according to the calculated amount, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the glass beads with 100 parts of the component A in advance.
(3) And (3) rapidly stirring the component A and the component B mixed with the glass beads for 30-60 seconds at 3000 r/min by using mechanical stirring, placing the materials into a vacuum oven for vacuumizing and degassing after the colors of the materials are uniform, and pouring the mixture into a prepared mould after the gases in the mixture are completely removed. Placing the mould into an oven, curing for 4 hours at 80 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the product with the density of 0.55g/cm3The light insulator core body.
The lightweight insulator core material for the ultra-high voltage transmission line prepared by the method in the embodiment (3) has the following properties:
the material has a diameter of 320mm, a wall thickness of 20mm and a wall density of 2.2g/cm3The weight reduction proportion of the core body material of the glass fiber reinforced plastic extra-high voltage composite insulator can reach 55.7%.
Comparative example 1
The composite insulator used in the extra-high voltage environment and prepared by the Beijing glass fiber reinforced plastic institute composite company by the pultrusion process has the following dimensions: the diameter is 320mm, the length is 4500mm, and the density is 2.20g/cm3The total weight was 796 kg. The surface resistivity was measured to be 6.4X 1012 Omega, volume resistivity of 5.1X 1014Omega. m, breakdown voltage 20.8 kv/mm.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a light insulator core body for ultra-high voltage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the component A of the light insulator core body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-85% of [ -OH ] polyether polyol, 0.5-3% of chain extender and 0.2-1% of cross-linking agent; the component B is polyfunctional isocyanate containing [ -NCO ], and the two are respectively weighed according to the molar ratio of [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] of 1.0-1.2: 1; the isocyanate component is polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate or liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate;
(2) weighing glass beads according to 5-30% of the mass of the component A, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the glass beads with the component A in advance; the glass beads have the requirements of the closed porosity of more than 85 percent and the density of 0.1-0.3 g/cm3；
(3) Preparing a mold for preparing a core body, uniformly coating a polyurethane release agent on the inner surface of the mold, and sealing the bottom end of the mold;
(4) and (3) stirring the component A mixed with the glass beads and the component B according to a molar ratio, uniformly stirring, vacuumizing and degassing in a vacuum oven, degassing after the gas in the mixture is completely removed, taking out the material, pouring into a prepared mold, placing the mold into the oven, curing at a certain temperature, and demolding after the polyurethane resin is completely cured to obtain the light insulator core.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyol component in step (1) is one or more selected from polyoxypropylene polyol, polytetrahydrofuran polyol and vegetable oil polyol.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring speed in the step (4) is 1000 to 5000 rpm for 30 to 60 seconds.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mold in the step (4) is placed in a forced air oven to be cured for 2-8 hours at 60-100 ℃.
5. A lightweight insulator core produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN201811065072.9A CN109280365B (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2018-09-13 | Preparation method of light insulator core body for extra-high voltage |
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| CN201811065072.9A CN109280365B (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2018-09-13 | Preparation method of light insulator core body for extra-high voltage |
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| CN110343233A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-18 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | A kind of high insulating polyimide potting compound and its preparation method and application |
| CN110330629A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-15 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of preparation method of the inner core packing material for composite insulation cross arm |
| CN110330632A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-15 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of preparation method of the core packing material for composite insulation cross arm |
| CN111326298B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2021-11-19 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Inner-filling light extra-high voltage composite insulating cross arm |
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| CA1029494A (en) * | 1973-07-27 | 1978-04-11 | Fritz Ehrhard | Shaped polyurethane articles and a method for making them |
| DE2623401C3 (en) * | 1976-05-25 | 1981-07-16 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Process for the solvent-free production of solid plastic molded parts |
| CN102504523B (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2014-03-12 | 中国电力科学研究院 | High-toughness polyurethane composite insulator core rod and preparation method thereof |
| CN102623111A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-01 | 唐苑雯 | Composite bar-shaped insulator mandrel |
| CN104177581B (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2019-07-30 | 科思创德国股份有限公司 | Urethane composition for compound polyurethane material |
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