CN109279875A - The preparation method of ceramic mould - Google Patents

The preparation method of ceramic mould Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109279875A
CN109279875A CN201810974943.2A CN201810974943A CN109279875A CN 109279875 A CN109279875 A CN 109279875A CN 201810974943 A CN201810974943 A CN 201810974943A CN 109279875 A CN109279875 A CN 109279875A
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Prior art keywords
ceramic
mould
preparation
gradient
ceramic mould
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CN201810974943.2A
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CN109279875B (en
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吕志刚
胡可辉
冯骞
李欣怡
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of ceramic mould.Method includes the following steps: preparing ceramic slurry；Structural model is designed using 3 d modeling software, and the structural model includes replica face-piece body and the backing that connect with the replica face-piece body, and the backing is the backing with gradient-structure；Using ceramic slurry as raw material, green compact are printed with photocuring printer output using structural model；Green compact carry out degreasing at 400 DEG C~600 DEG C through over cleaning, drying, are sintered 2~6 hours at 1000 DEG C~1600 DEG C, obtain the ceramic mould with gradient-structure backing.Invention enhances the mechanical property of ceramic mould and permeability, significantly improve the dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness of ceramic mould, the ceramic mould production cycle can be shortened, substantially increase production efficiency, it saves the preparation cost, both meet mo(u)ld bottom half mould assembly assembly precision requirement in ceramic mould, while in turn ensuring the quality of ceramic mould casting.

Description

The preparation method of ceramic mould
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic casting field shaping techniques, more particularly to a kind of preparation method of ceramic mould.
Background technique
Shaw process starts to occur in the 1950s, due to the thermal stability under refractory material hot conditions compared with Good, compared to traditional sand mould casting method, precision and surface roughness obtain higher promotion.But since production is made pottery The technique of porcelain type is more complex, and the production cycle is long, and manufacturing cost is high, and has the process of grouting, and entire technical process is caused to be difficult to It realizes mechanization and automation, constrains the development and extensive use of ceramic mold casting.
Photocuring printing shaping technology has print procedure full-automatic, the high feature of shaping efficiency, and the present invention is exactly from this Any sets out, the improvement carried out to the preparation method of ceramic mould.
Summary of the invention
Based on drawbacks described above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of ceramic mould, this method can enhance pottery The mechanical property of porcelain type improves production efficiency, meets mo(u)ld bottom half mould assembly assembly precision requirement in ceramic mould, while in turn ensuring ceramics The quality of type casting.
Above-mentioned purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The preparation method of ceramic mould provided by the invention, comprising the following steps:
S1 prepares ceramic slurry；
S2 designs structural model using 3 d modeling software, the structural model include replica face-piece body and with it is described The backing of replica face-piece body connection, wherein the backing is the backing with gradient-structure；
S3 prints green compact using photocuring printer output using structural model using ceramic slurry as raw material；
S4, the green compact carry out degreasing at 400 DEG C~600 DEG C through over cleaning, drying, at 1000 DEG C~1600 DEG C Sintering 2~6 hours obtains the ceramic mould with gradient-structure backing.
Preferably, in step s 2, the replica face-piece body is shell, with a thickness of 0.3mm~5mm.It is highly preferred that described Replica face-piece body with a thickness of 0.3mm~3mm.
Preferably, in step s 2, the gradient-structure can be upper and lower through-hole structure, topological net structure, porosity One of gradient mesh structure, and the structure that is composed of multiple units etc. are a variety of.Preferably, the gradient-structure can be with It is combined by various structures and forms multilayered structure.
It is highly preferred that in step s 2, when the gradient-structure is upper and lower through-hole structure, clear size of opening range 0.5mm ~5mm.When the gradient-structure is topological net structure, minimum material feature structure is greater than 0.5mm, pore size range 0.5mm~5mm.When the gradient-structure is porosity gradient mesh structure, minimum material feature structure is greater than 0.5mm, hole Size range 0.5mm~5mm.
Preferably, in step sl, ceramic slurry is prepared the following steps are included: dispersing agent is added in photosensitive resin, make 4min~6min is stirred with dispersion impeller, is uniformly mixed and obtains the first mixture；Ceramic powder is added to first mixture In, zirconium ball and ball milling 10h~12h is added, is uniformly mixed and obtains the second mixture；In second mixture be added filler with And photoinitiator, ball milling 2h~3h, it is uniformly mixed, froth in vacuum is stablized and uniform ceramic slurry.
Preferably, the component of ceramic slurry is prepared by weight, comprising: 60~90 parts by weight of ceramic powder, photosensitive tree 10~40 parts by weight of rouge, 1~5 parts by weight of filler, 1~5 parts by weight of dispersing agent, 1~5 parts by weight of photoinitiator.
Preferably, the photosensitive resin includes that one or more of photosensitive acrylic resin, photosensitive epoxy resin etc. are mixed It closes.The ceramic powder includes silica, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, titanium oxide, magnesia, zinc oxide, oxidation The mixing of one or more of calcium, boron carbide, boron nitride etc..The filler includes graphite, carbon dust, organic fiber, glass fibers The mixing of one or more of dimension etc..The dispersing agent includes polyacrylamide, triethyl group hexyl phosphoric acid, dodecyl sulphate The mixing of one or more of sodium, methyl anyl alcohol etc..The photoinitiator includes 1- hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, benzoyl The mixing of one or more of methyl formate, 1- hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone etc..
It preferably, in step s 2, the use of 3 d modeling software design size is 46mm × 67mm × 17mm tyre mould Type, back are latticed pore structure, Mesh Diameter 2mm.
Preferably, in step s 2, the school badge model for the use of 3 d modeling software design diameter being 52mm, back is grid Back structure, size of mesh opening are 3mm × 3mm.
The utility model has the advantages that
The preparation method of ceramic mould of the present invention, using ceramic slurry as raw material, being designed using 3 d modeling software has ladder The structural model of structure backing is spent, and there is the ceramic mould of gradient-structure backing, the party using the printout of photocuring printer Method shortens the ceramic mould production cycle, substantially increases production efficiency, saves the preparation cost, and enhances the mechanical property of ceramic mould Energy and permeability, significantly improve the dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness of ceramic mould, have both met mo(u)ld bottom half mould assembly in ceramic mould and have filled With required precision, while in turn ensuring the quality of ceramic mould casting.
Preparation process of the present invention is simple and environmentally-friendly, and the Surface Quality of Ceramic-Mold prepared is good, and precision is high, which is applicable in Range is wide, can be used in different ceramic materials and ceramic mould of different shapes production；Production process all automates, and reduces people Influence for factor to product quality, preparation process avoid the slip casting process of traditional ceramic mold casting, effectively reduce mould Size penalty in type duplicating, preparation method high degree of automation of the invention, batch are stable, it can be achieved that automation, machine The production ceramic mould of tool, mass.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the preparation method of ceramic mould of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of 1 tyre mould ceramic mould of embodiment in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the hole backing of 1 tyre mould ceramic mould of embodiment in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of 2 school badge ceramic mould of embodiment in the present invention；
Cellular construction schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is structure of the gradient-structure for multiple units composition.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description:
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the process of the preparation method of ceramic mould of the present invention；Fig. 2 schematically illustrates embodiment The overall structure of 1 tyre mould ceramic mould；Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the structure of the hole backing of 1 tyre mould ceramic mould of embodiment； Fig. 4 schematically illustrates the overall structure of 2 school badge ceramic mould of embodiment；Fig. 5 is schematically shown when gradient-structure is served as reasons The cellular construction when structure of multiple unit compositions.As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of ceramic mould, including Following steps: ceramic slurry is prepared；Structural model is designed using 3 d modeling software, the structural model includes replica face-piece Body and the backing being connect with the replica face-piece body, wherein the backing is the backing with gradient-structure；It is with ceramic slurry Raw material prints green compact using photocuring printer output using structural model；The green compact are through over cleaning, drying, 400 DEG C~600 DEG C at carry out degreasing, be sintered 2~6 hours at 1000 DEG C~1600 DEG C, obtain have gradient-structure backing ceramics Type.The present invention is carried out according to sequence described above, but sequence is without being limited thereto when practical operation.The present invention using ceramic slurry as raw material, if The structural model with gradient-structure backing is counted, is exported using photocuring printer technology, so that is obtained has gradient-structure The ceramic mould of backing, mechanical property and permeability greatly enhance, and dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness greatly improve, this method The ceramic mould production cycle is shortened, production efficiency is improved, is saved the preparation cost, mo(u)ld bottom half mould assembly in ceramic mould has both been able to satisfy and has filled With required precision, while in turn ensuring the quality of ceramic mould casting.
In the present invention, the component of ceramic slurry is prepared by weight, comprising: 60~90 parts by weight of ceramic powder, it is photosensitive 10~40 parts by weight of resin, 1~5 parts by weight of filler, 1~5 parts by weight of dispersing agent, 1~5 parts by weight of photoinitiator.It is highly preferred that The photosensitive resin is 30~40 parts by weight, and the filler is 1~3 parts by weight, and the dispersing agent is 3~4 parts by weight, the light Initiator is 4~5 parts by weight.
Preparing ceramic slurry step includes: that dispersing agent is added in photosensitive resin, stirs 4min~6min using dispersion impeller, It is uniformly mixed and obtains the first mixture；Ceramic powder is added in first mixture, be added zirconium ball and ball milling 10h~ 12h is uniformly mixed and obtains the second mixture；Addition filler and photoinitiator in second mixture, ball milling 2h~3h, It is uniformly mixed, froth in vacuum is stablized and uniform ceramic slurry.The present invention prepares the formula of ceramic slurry by improvement, The print performance of slurry is improved, realizes that mechanical property is strong, design structure high-precision shapes, it is preferable to obtain forming situation, surface matter Measure excellent ceramic mould.
The photosensitive resin includes the mixing of one or more of photosensitive acrylic resin, photosensitive epoxy resin etc..It is described Ceramic powder includes silica, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, titanium oxide, magnesia, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, carbon Change the mixing of one or more of boron, boron nitride etc..The filler includes in graphite, carbon dust, organic fiber, glass fibre etc. One or more of mixing.The dispersing agent includes polyacrylamide, triethyl group hexyl phosphoric acid, lauryl sodium sulfate, first The mixing of one or more of base amylalcohol etc..The photoinitiator includes 1- hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, benzoyl formic acid The mixing of one or more of methyl esters, 1- hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone etc..
In the present invention, using the structural model that 3 d modeling software is designed include replica face-piece body and with the replica face The backing of shell connection.Wherein, the replica face-piece body is shell, with a thickness of 0.3mm~5mm, further preferably 0.3mm~ 3mm, so that mechanical property can satisfy casting demand, and shelling is easier, wherein complex face refers to casting mold inner cavity, has multiple The ability of shape processed.The backing is the backing with gradient-structure, can be upper and lower through-hole structure, topological net structure, hole One of gap rate gradient mesh structure, and the structure that is composed of multiple units etc. are a variety of.Such as the gradient-structure can Think poroid, netted, one of structures such as latticed or multiple combinations.The clear size of opening range in the through-hole structure up and down 0.5mm~5mm.In the topological net structure, minimum material feature structure be greater than 0.5mm, pore size range 0.5mm~ 5mm.In the porosity gradient mesh structure, minimum material feature structure be greater than 0.5mm, pore size range 0.5mm~ 5mm.The gradient-structure can also be combined by various structures and form multilayered structure, be also possible to be composed of multiple units more Complicated back structure, as shown in figure 5, the unit, which can be the cylinder for being respectively directed to front and back up and down by six, passes through end The stereochemical structure that portion is formed by connecting.The present invention uses photocuring 3D printer and printing technique, including laser scanning photocuring skill Art and the face DLP projection photocurable technology etc. use the photocuring ceramic slurry of special formulation using photocuring increases material manufacturing technology Material, realizes the high-precision modeling of design structure, obtains with shell-gradient-structure backing ceramic mould, which can be very The mechanical property and permeability of ceramic mould are adapted to well, and dimensional accuracy is significantly improved with surface smoothness, and meets ceramic mould Upper mo(u)ld bottom half mould assembly assembly precision requirement, while the quality of the shell-gradient-structure backing ceramic mould is also guaranteed, preparation The method of the structural ceramics type shortens the ceramic mould production cycle, substantially increases production efficiency, saves the preparation cost.
Clear and complete description is carried out to the present invention below with reference to two specific embodiments and drawings of the invention:
Embodiment 1
In parts by weight, by 30 parts of photosensitive resins and 3 parts of polyacrylamide dispersants, dispersion impeller machinery is used 5min is stirred, in 1600 mesh and 3000 mesh silica powders that 60 parts of 1:1 are added into mixed liquor, uses ball mill ball grinding stirring 10h adds 1 part of graphite packing and 5 parts of methyl benzoylformate photoinitiators, using ball mill ball grinding stirring 2h, then takes out Froth in vacuum can be obtained stable and uniform ceramic slurry.
It the use of 3 d modeling software designed size is 46mm × 67mm × 17mm tire model, replica face-piece body is thickness The shell 100 of 2mm, the backing 200 of the latticed pore structure of back designs, Mesh Diameter 2mm, by latticed pore structure Tire model file imported into photocuring printer and carry out curing molding.Model is removed after solidification to be cleaned and dried, Degreasing is carried out at 400 DEG C, is sintered 5 hours at 1200 DEG C, that is, prepares the silica tyre mould ceramics with hole back structure Type, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
Embodiment 2
In parts by weight, by 30 parts of photosensitive resins and 3 parts of polyacrylamide dispersants, dispersion impeller machinery is used 5min is stirred, 1 part of graphite is added using ball mill ball grinding stirring 10h 60 parts of alumina powders are added into mixed liquor and fills out Material and 5 parts of methyl benzoylformate photoinitiators, using ball mill ball grinding stirring 2h, being subsequently vacuumed out de-bubble can be obtained stabilization And uniform ceramic slurry.
The school badge model for the use of 3 d modeling software design diameter being 52mm, replica face-piece body are the shell of thickness 2mm 100, the backing 200 of model back designs grid, grid is 3mm × 3mm grid.By designed grid backing school badge model Import curing molding in photocuring printer.It is cleaned and dried after removing model, degreasing is carried out at 600 DEG C, 1500 lower sintering 4 are small When, the aluminium oxide school badge ceramic mould with grid back structure is prepared, as shown in Figure 4.
Above-mentioned two embodiment has shell-gradient-structure backing ceramic mould by what photocuring technology printed, Mechanical property can satisfy the requirement of casting, and shelling is easier；And the dimensional accuracy of two kinds of ceramic moulds and surface smoothness improve； It is able to satisfy mo(u)ld bottom half mould assembly assembly precision requirement in ceramic mould, while can guarantee the quality of ceramic mould casting again.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation method of ceramic mould, which comprises the following steps:
S1 prepares ceramic slurry；
S2 designs structural model using 3 d modeling software, the structural model include replica face-piece body and with the replica The backing of face-piece body connection, wherein the backing is the backing with gradient-structure；
S3 prints green compact using photocuring printer output using structural model using ceramic slurry as raw material；
S4, the green compact carry out degreasing at 400 DEG C~600 DEG C through over cleaning, drying, are sintered 2 at 1000 DEG C~1600 DEG C ~6 hours, obtain the ceramic mould with gradient-structure backing.
2. the preparation method of ceramic mould as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step s 2, the replica face-piece body For shell, with a thickness of 0.3mm~5mm.
3. the preparation method of ceramic mould as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the replica face-piece body with a thickness of 0.3mm~3mm.
4. the preparation method of ceramic mould as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step s 2, the gradient-structure packet Through-hole structure, topological net structure, porosity gradient mesh structure up and down are included, and one in the structure being composed of multiple units Kind is a variety of.
5. the preparation method of ceramic mould as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that when the gradient-structure is upper lower through-hole knot When structure, clear size of opening range 0.5mm~5mm；When the gradient-structure is topological net structure, minimum material feature structure is big In 0.5mm, pore size range 0.5mm~5mm；When the gradient-structure is porosity gradient mesh structure, minimum material is special It levies structure and is greater than 0.5mm, pore size range 0.5mm~5mm.
6. the preparation method of ceramic mould as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step sl, prepare ceramic slurry packet It includes following steps: dispersing agent being added in photosensitive resin, stir 4min~6min using dispersion impeller, be uniformly mixed that obtain first mixed Close material；Ceramic powder is added in first mixture, zirconium ball and ball milling 10h~12h is added, is uniformly mixed and obtains second Mixture；Filler and photoinitiator are added in second mixture, ball milling 2h~3h is uniformly mixed, and froth in vacuum obtains To ceramic slurry.
7. the preparation method of ceramic mould as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that prepare the component of ceramic slurry by weight Meter, comprising:
8. the preparation method of ceramic mould as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the photosensitive resin includes photosensitive acrylic The mixing of one or more of resin, photosensitive epoxy resin；
The ceramic powder includes silica, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, titanium oxide, magnesia, zinc oxide, oxygen Change the mixing of one or more of calcium, boron carbide, boron nitride；
The filler includes the mixing of one or more of graphite, carbon dust, organic fiber, glass fibre；
The dispersing agent include one of polyacrylamide, triethyl group hexyl phosphoric acid, lauryl sodium sulfate, methyl anyl alcohol or Several mixing；
The photoinitiator includes 1- hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, methyl benzoylformate, 1- hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone One or more of mixing.
9. such as the preparation method of the described in any item ceramic moulds of claim 1-8, which is characterized in that in step s 2, use three Dimension modeling software design size is 46mm × 67mm × 17mm tire model, and back is latticed pore structure, and grid is straight Diameter 2mm.
10. such as the preparation method of the described in any item ceramic moulds of claim 1-8, which is characterized in that in step s 2, use three The school badge model that modeling software design diameter is 52mm is tieed up, back is grid back structure, and size of mesh opening is 3mm × 3mm.
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CN112408993A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-02-26 华中科技大学 Titanium dioxide photosensitive resin ceramic slurry and preparation method and application thereof
CN112573906B (en) * 2020-12-31 2022-09-30 郑州大学 Preparation method of super-thick crack-free alumina ceramic based on digital light processing molding technology
CN112573906A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-03-30 郑州大学 Preparation method of super-thick crack-free alumina ceramic based on digital light processing molding technology
CN113683425A (en) * 2021-08-05 2021-11-23 西安交通大学 Photocuring silicon nitride ceramic and preparation method thereof with gradient structure
CN113683425B (en) * 2021-08-05 2022-10-28 西安交通大学 Photocuring silicon nitride ceramic and preparation method thereof with gradient structure
CN114433789A (en) * 2022-01-27 2022-05-06 清华大学 Ceramic core easy to remove core and preparation method thereof
CN114433789B (en) * 2022-01-27 2023-08-25 清华大学 Ceramic core easy to take off core and preparation method thereof
CN115958680A (en) * 2023-02-10 2023-04-14 十维(广东)科技有限公司 Design method of 3D printing ceramic conformal mold
CN117383932A (en) * 2023-10-11 2024-01-12 江苏利宇剃须刀有限公司 Preparation method of ceramic blade of manual shaver

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