CN109276266A - It is a kind of that X-ray imaging dosing method is carried out according to thickness value - Google Patents
It is a kind of that X-ray imaging dosing method is carried out according to thickness value Download PDFInfo
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- CN109276266A CN109276266A CN201811096602.6A CN201811096602A CN109276266A CN 109276266 A CN109276266 A CN 109276266A CN 201811096602 A CN201811096602 A CN 201811096602A CN 109276266 A CN109276266 A CN 109276266A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/542—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving control of exposure
- A61B6/544—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving control of exposure dependent on patient size
Abstract
The invention belongs to X-ray technical field of imaging, disclose it is a kind of X-ray imaging dosing method is carried out according to thickness value, including step S1: figure measuring system obtains the figure thickness measurements of sufferer, transmits the measured value to processor;Step S2: processor searches exposure parameter needed for the corresponding x-ray generator of patient size's thickness measurements in EI critical field table, and exposure parameter is passed to x-ray generator;Step S3:X- ray generator at the appointed time in issue the X-ray of corresponding radiation quality;Step S4: flat panel detector receives the X-ray of appropriate radiation quality, clear and accurate imaging.The present invention passes through Range finder technology, obtain sufferer figure thickness data, corresponding exposure parameter is obtained by " EI critical field table ", it instructs x-ray generator to emit the X-ray of corresponding radiation quality, is the method for x-ray radiation quality needed for full automatic, inexpensive, real-time and precise the acquisition sufferer to be captured of one kind.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to X-ray technical field of imaging, and in particular to a kind of to carry out X-ray imaging dosage determination side according to thickness value
Method.
Background technique
X-ray is a kind of ray, is exactly the X-ray that we often say, is a kind of electromagnetic wave for having energy or radiation.When high speed is moved
When the substance of any form of dynamic electronic impact, X-ray is just likely to occur.X-ray has penetrability, has to the substance of different densities
Different penetration capacitys.Medically X-ray is used to project human body and forms image, is used to auxiliary diagnosis;Or irradiated lesion is for controlling
It treats.
It is long-standing for the demand of x-ray radiation quality needed for accurately obtaining sufferer to be captured, x-ray radiation quality
It is mainly reflected in X-ray bulb, work tube voltage kvp and operating current the product mAs of X-ray source, the former determines that X- is penetrated
The energy level for the X-ray that ray tube issues, higher tube voltage correspond to higher X-ray energy level, also just correspond to stronger X-
Ray penetration power;The latter is the product of electric current and time, has codetermined the amount for issuing X-ray, and higher electric current is longer
Time, corresponding more quantity of X-rays X, which determine: one: X-ray image quality;Two: the amount for the X-ray that sufferer is received.It is right
In the former, suitable penetration power mixes suitable X-ray amount, could generate clear and accurate image, diagnostician is facilitated to examine
It is disconnected;For the latter, higher energy level and more quantity of X-rays X can generate bigger injury to patient naturally.
In existing technology, has and to instruct adjustment exposure parameter indirectly by using ionisation chamber measurement X-ray uptake
's.The technology is located at the ionisation chamber of detector (X-ray detection reception device) different direction to X-ray by measuring muti-piece
Uptake, comes whether " informing " high pressure generator (energy generating apparatus) needs to continue to energize: if the uptake of ionisation chamber is low
In some threshold value, illustrate that amount of radiation is inadequate, then " informs " that high pressure generator continues to energize;If the uptake of ionisation chamber reach or
Greater than the threshold value, illustrates that amount of radiation is sufficient or excessive, then " inform " that high pressure generator stops energy supply.The technology solves part and asks
Topic: can be with real-time control x-ray radiation amount, i.e. the operating current product mAs of X-ray bulb, but it is unable to control instrumentation tubes electricity
Kvp is pressed, and ionisation chamber needed for secondary mode involves great expense, easy to damage, maintenance cost is high, requires pole to the profession of diagnostician
Height, this status for only possessing current practitioner relatively low total quality is acid test.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provide it is a kind of X-ray imaging dosing method is carried out according to thickness value, for solving the imaging of existing X-ray
Method cannot emit automatically the X-ray of corresponding amount of radiation and radiation quality in real time according to the body part thickness of patient, may
The technical issues of injury is generated to patient.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
It is a kind of that X-ray imaging dosing method is carried out according to thickness value, it cannot basis to solve existing X-ray imaging method
The body part thickness of patient emits the X-ray of corresponding amount of radiation and radiation quality automatically in real time, may generate wound to patient
Harmful problem, includes the following steps,
Step S1: figure measuring system real-time and precise by way of obtaining image depth information measures sufferer to be captured
Figure thickness measurements, and transmit the processor that the measured value to internal reservoir has EI critical field table;
Step S2: processor searches the corresponding x-ray generator institute of patient size's thickness measurements in EI critical field table
The exposure parameter needed, and exposure parameter is passed into x-ray generator;
Step S3:X- ray generator receives exposure parameter, issue the specified work tube voltage kvp of exposure parameter and
Operating current accumulates mAs, and at the appointed time in issue the X-ray of corresponding radiation quality;
Step S4: flat panel detector receives the X-ray of appropriate radiation quality, clear and accurate imaging.
Its specific course of work are as follows: figure measuring system obtains patient in real time and corresponds to the thickness value of physical feeling, and passes
The thickness value is passed to selection processor, when carrying out thickness value measurement, by the specified body of figure measuring system alignment patient
Body region, such as thoracic cavity, the position that measurement is then selected in figure measuring system is thoracic cavity, then moves figure measuring system
Measuring device, whole scanning survey is carried out to chest position, figure measuring system in real time passes to measured value
System processor carries out data processing, corresponding thoracic cavity thickness value is obtained, finally by thoracic cavity thickness value real-time delivery to processor
It is handled;Processor is by searching for accurate work needed for the corresponding X-ray transmitter of patient size in " EI critical field table "
Make tube voltage kvp and operating current product mAs, is referred to as exposure parameter, similarly hereinafter, and required exposure parameter is passed into X-ray
Transmitter;X-ray transmitter receipt is to required exposure parameter, the specified voltage of exposure parameter needed for issuing, electric current product value;
X-ray transmitter under specified voltage and current, at the appointed time in issue the X-ray of corresponding radiation quality;Then plate
Detector receives the X-ray of appropriate radiation quality, clear and accurate imaging.
It is worth noting that, the system processor in the thickness value measurement for carrying out appointed part, in figure measuring system
It can choose currently used II processor of Nios or TMS320F2812DSP chip;Nios II soft-core processor and
It can be embedded in C language in TMS320F2812DSP chip, the algorithm of thickness measure can be directly realized by, this avoid complicated to determine
Mark, may be implemented the thickness measure to a variety of measured matters;EI critical field table is stored in simultaneous processor, it is therefore desirable to select
With the processor with database storage function and comparison selection function, processing with the above function more commonly used at present
Device is model ARM7500FE processor, ARM7500 processor or HT1621B SSOP48 chip, be may be implemented above-mentioned
The function of selection is stored and compares, to realize that match selection is corresponding in EI critical field table according to the thickness value of real-time measurement
The exposure parameter of thickness value.
Range finder is used by the figure measuring system independently of original X-ray image chain compared to prior art
Technology obtains sufferer figure thickness data, obtains corresponding exposure parameter by " EI critical field table ", instructs X-ray
Device emits the X-ray of corresponding radiation quality, is a kind of entirely different, integrated, full automatic, inexpensive, real-time and precise
Acquisition sufferer to be captured needed for x-ray radiation quality method.
Further, in step S1, figure measuring system is visible light measurement system, near visible measuring system or ultrasound
Any one in measuring system.When carrying out figure measurement, thickness measure mainly is carried out to the specific position of patient, is led to
It can be completed frequently with the above-mentioned figure measuring device first having, as a kind of measuring system that measurement accuracy is high, can use can
Binocular camera range finder in light-exposed range finder measures, including left camera, right camera and the left camera of drive
With the rotating mechanism of right camera rotation, the shooting image of left camera and right camera schemes left and right after matching correction
It corresponds to get up to obtain by figure measuring system and sufferer body surface to be captured about the same point of body area as in
The depth image that distance is constituted.
Further, in step S1, the measuring process of figure thickness measurements are as follows:
S101: figure measuring system obtains and sufferer body surface distance L1 to be captured;
S102: being to suffer from by difference L, the L value that algorithm processor calculates background the distance L2 and L1 of figure measuring system
Person corresponds to the figure thickness measurements of physical feeling.
It is worth noting that, figure measuring system when measuring, goes up traverse measurement, i.e. figure in only the horizontal direction
The background distance L2 of measuring system is constant, by taking the measurement process of the binocular camera range finder in visible light range finder as an example,
Specific measurement process are as follows: binocular camera range finder device has two cameras in left and right can be with by accurately demarcating calibration
Obtain the focal length of two cameras, distortion factor etc., the referred to as relative rotation between intrinsic parameter and two cameras, position
Move etc., referred to as outer parameter;By distortions correction, the image frame of the first-class correcting process of revolving mirror, final two cameras exists
In approximately the same plane, and eliminates radial distortion and its picture is made to be standard rectangular.The camera of left and right two shoots same object, obtains
Left and right two images, due to having position difference between two cameras, the two images obtained have nuance, through overmatching
Afterwards, it will can correspond about the same point of real-world object in left images;A secondary new image is obtained in this way, wherein often
The value of a pixel indicates that the distance of point corresponding points into right picture in left picture, the distance are referred to as parallax, this new images
Referred to as disparity map;Disparity map, by Epipolar geometry, can calculate real-world object to a left side together with the camera intrinsic parameter obtained before
The vertical range figure of plane, referred to as depth map where right camera photocentre;Figure thickness measurements L can be by simply using
The distance that the background distance that range-measurement system obtains subtracts object under test obtains, i.e. L2-L1 is using middle background distance L2 in equipment
Constant, so problem is finally reduced to obtain the distance of object under test, i.e. L=L2-L1.
Further, in step S1, before figure measured value is transferred to processor, to figure measured value by when
Between Fast Median Filtering is done in sequence and iteration progressive manner reduces measurement error, eliminate abnormal measures.
Further, in step S2, EI critical field table according to specific image catenary system Standard Ratio quality RQA5 with
And specific image catenary system a large amount of clinical datas and establish, including one-to-one physical feeling title, figure thickness value, work
Make tube voltage value and operating current product value.
Wherein, Standard Ratio quality RQA5 is the professional standard that the radiation quality of die body of filter plate composition is added based on aluminium,
It is wild derived from the laying of simulation patient's exit facet for describing, have in YY/T 0590.1-2005 professional standard and clearly draws
With;Professional standard YY/T 0590.1-2005 specified in more detail in given limit adjustment x-ray tube voltage to required half price
X-ray tube voltage when layer obtains radiation quality, i.e., the pass between corresponding X-ray tube operating voltage and operating current product
System;And a large amount of clinical datas of specific image catenary system are in addition between above-mentioned X-ray tube operating voltage and operating current product
Except relationship, the relation data of X-ray tube operating voltage Yu patient positions' thickness is additionally provided, therefore wrap in EI critical field table
Physical feeling title, figure thickness value, instrumentation tubes voltage value and the operating current product value included have reliable data supporting with
And theory support, and can conveniently and accurately instruct the radiation quality that x-ray generator needs to emit according to the actual situation
Amount.
Further, in step S3, the x-ray generator includes high pressure generator and X-ray bulb, the height
Generator is pressed to be used to issue corresponding work tube voltage kvp and operating current product mAs, X-ray bulb according to exposure parameter
For within a specified time emitting the X- of corresponding radiation quality at relevant work tube voltage kvp and operating current product mAs
Ray.
Further, in step S3, operating current product mAs is the attainable maximum current of high pressure generator and most short
The product of working time.
Further, in step S3, radiation quality refers to the penetration power and radiation density of radiation.
The invention has the benefit that
The present invention is obtained by the figure measuring system independently of original X-ray image chain using Range finder technology
Sufferer figure thickness data obtains corresponding exposure parameter by " EI critical field table ", instructs x-ray generator transmitting pair
The X-ray for answering radiation quality is a kind of entirely different, integrated, full automatic, inexpensive, real-time and precise acquisition to
The method of x-ray radiation quality needed for shooting sufferer.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the measurement flow chart of figure thickness measurements of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the content schematic diagram of EI critical field table in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of carry out X-ray imaging dosing method according to thickness value, include the following steps,
Step S1: figure measuring system real-time and precise by way of obtaining image depth information measures sufferer to be captured
Figure thickness measurements, and transmit the processor that the measured value to internal reservoir has EI critical field table;
Step S2: processor searches the corresponding x-ray generator institute of patient size's thickness measurements in EI critical field table
The exposure parameter needed, and exposure parameter is passed into x-ray generator;
Step S3:X- ray generator receives exposure parameter, issue the specified work tube voltage kvp of exposure parameter and
Operating current accumulates mAs, and at the appointed time in issue the X-ray of corresponding radiation quality;
Step S4: flat panel detector receives the X-ray of appropriate radiation quality, clear and accurate imaging.
Its specific course of work are as follows: figure measuring system obtains patient in real time and corresponds to the thickness value of physical feeling, and passes
The thickness value is passed to selection processor, when carrying out thickness value measurement, by the specified body of figure measuring system alignment patient
Body region, such as thoracic cavity, the position that measurement is then selected in figure measuring system is thoracic cavity, then moves figure measuring system
Measuring device, whole scanning survey is carried out to chest position, figure measuring system in real time passes to measured value
System processor carries out data processing, corresponding thoracic cavity thickness value is obtained, finally by thoracic cavity thickness value real-time delivery to processor
It is handled;Processor is by searching for accurate work needed for the corresponding X-ray transmitter of patient size in " EI critical field table "
Make tube voltage kvp and operating current product mAs, is referred to as exposure parameter, similarly hereinafter, and required exposure parameter is passed into X-ray
Transmitter;X-ray transmitter receipt is to required exposure parameter, the specified voltage of exposure parameter needed for issuing, electric current product value;
X-ray transmitter under specified voltage and current, at the appointed time in issue the X-ray of corresponding radiation quality;Then plate
Detector receives the X-ray of appropriate radiation quality, clear and accurate imaging;It is worth noting that, in the thickness for carrying out appointed part
When value measurement, the system processor in figure measuring system can choose currently used II processor of Nios or
TMS320F2812DSP chip;C language, energy can be embedded in Nios II soft-core processor and TMS320F2812DSP chip
It is directly realized by the algorithm of thickness measure, this avoid complicated calibrations, and the thickness measure to a variety of measured matters may be implemented;
EI critical field table is stored in simultaneous processor, it is therefore desirable to which selecting has database storage function and comparison selection function
Processor, more commonly used processor with the above function is model ARM7500FE processor, at ARM7500 at present
Device or HT1621B SSOP48 chip are managed, above-mentioned storage and comparison selection can be realized by way of combining with software
Function, with realize according to the thickness value of real-time measurement in EI critical field table match selection correspond to thickness value exposure join
Number.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figs. 1-2, as a preferred embodiment, figure measuring system is visible light measurement system, near visible survey
Any one in amount system or ultrasound measurement system.Carry out figure measurement when, mainly to the specific position of patient into
Row thickness measure, generalling use the above-mentioned figure measuring device first having can be completed, as a kind of measurement system that measurement accuracy is high
System can be measured using the binocular camera range finder in visible light range finder, including left camera, right camera and
The shooting image of the rotating mechanism for driving left camera and right camera to rotate, left camera and right camera is by matching correction
Afterwards, by left images about body area same point correspond get up obtain by figure measuring system with it is to be captured
The depth image that the distance of sufferer body surface is constituted.Wherein, the measuring process of figure thickness measurements are as follows:
S101: figure measuring system obtains and sufferer body surface distance L1 to be captured;
S102: being to suffer from by difference L, the L value that algorithm processor calculates background the distance L2 and L1 of figure measuring system
Person corresponds to the figure thickness measurements of physical feeling.
It is worth noting that, figure measuring system when measuring, goes up traverse measurement, i.e. figure in only the horizontal direction
The background distance L2 of measuring system is constant, should by taking the measurement process of the binocular camera range finder in visible light range finder as an example
Device has two cameras in left and right, by accurately demarcating calibration, it can be deduced that the focal length of two cameras, distortion factor etc.,
Relative rotation referred to as between intrinsic parameter and two cameras, displacement etc., referred to as outer parameter;By distortions correction, rotation
The correcting process such as transposable lens, the image frame of final two cameras in the same plane, and eliminate radial distortion and make it
Picture is standard rectangular.The camera of left and right two shoots same object, left and right two images is obtained, due to having position between two cameras
Set difference, the two images obtained have nuance, after overmatching, can by left images about the same of real-world object
A little correspond;A secondary new image is obtained in this way, wherein the value of each pixel indicates the point in left picture to right picture
The distance of corresponding points in face, the distance are referred to as parallax, this new images is known as disparity map;Disparity map and the camera obtained before
Intrinsic parameter together, by Epipolar geometry, can calculate real-world object to the vertical range figure of plane where the camera photocentre of left and right, claim
Be depth map;Figure thickness measurements L can be by simply subtracting determinand using the background distance that range-measurement system obtains
The distance of body obtains, i.e. L2-L1, using middle background distance L2 be in equipment it is constant, so problem be finally reduced to obtain to
Survey the distance of object, i.e. L=L2-L1.And before figure thickness measurements are transferred to processor, to figure thickness measure
Value reduces measurement error by doing Fast Median Filtering and iteration progressive manner in time series, eliminates abnormal measurement
Value.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in figure 3, as a preferred embodiment, Standard Ratio matter of the EI critical field table according to specific image catenary system
It measures a large amount of clinical datas of RQA5 and specific image catenary system and establishes, including one-to-one physical feeling title, figure
Thickness value, instrumentation tubes voltage value and operating current product value.
Wherein Standard Ratio quality RQA5 is the radiation quality that the die body of filter plate composition is added based on aluminium, is derived from for describing
The laying for simulating patient's exit facet is wild, explicitly refers in YY/T 0590.1-2005 professional standard;Professional standard YY/
X-ray tube when the T 0590.1-2005 specified in more detail adjustment x-ray tube voltage in given limit arrives required half-value layer is electric
It presses to obtain radiation quality, i.e., the relationship between corresponding X-ray tube operating voltage and operating current product;And specific image linkwork
A large amount of clinical datas of system additionally provide X other than the relationship between above-mentioned X-ray tube operating voltage and operating current product
The relation data of ray tube operating voltage and patient positions' thickness, thus include in EI critical field table physical feeling title,
Figure thickness value, instrumentation tubes voltage value and operating current product value have reliable data supporting and theory support, and energy
Enough radiation qualities for conveniently and accurately instructing x-ray generator to need to emit according to the actual situation;
It is worth noting that, Standard Ratio quality RQA5 being most widely used in the industry at present, corresponding is that X is penetrated
Ray tube voltage is the quality standard of 70v, but in addition to Standard Ratio quality RQA5, it is also an option that x-ray tube voltage is respectively
The other industries marks such as the Standard Ratio quality RQA3 of 50v, 60v, 80v, Standard Ratio quality RQA4, Standard Ratio quality RQA6
It is quasi-.
Embodiment 4:
As a preferred embodiment, x-ray generator includes high pressure generator and X-ray bulb, high pressure generator
For issuing corresponding work tube voltage kvp and operating current product mAs according to exposure parameter, X-ray bulb is in phase
It should work and within a specified time emit the X-ray of corresponding radiation quality under tube voltage kvp and operating current product mAs;Work
Product of the electric current product mAs for the attainable maximum current of high pressure generator and most short working time;Radiation quality refers to radiation
Penetration power and radiation density.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned optional embodiment, anyone can show that other are various under the inspiration of the present invention
The product of form, however, make any variation in its shape or structure, it is all to fall into the claims in the present invention confining spectrum
Technical solution, be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of carry out X-ray imaging dosing method according to thickness value, which is characterized in that include the following steps,
Step S1: figure measuring system real-time and precise by way of obtaining image depth information measures the figure of sufferer to be captured
Thickness measurements, and the measured value is transmitted to the processor for storing EI critical field table;
Step S2: processor is searched in EI critical field table needed for the corresponding x-ray generator of patient size's thickness measurements
Exposure parameter, and exposure parameter is passed into x-ray generator;
Step S3:X- ray generator receives exposure parameter, issues the specified work tube voltage kvp of exposure parameter and work
Electric current accumulates mAs, and at the appointed time in issue the X-ray of corresponding radiation quality;
Step S4: flat panel detector receives the X-ray of appropriate radiation quality, clear and accurate imaging.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of according to thickness value progress X-ray imaging dosing method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step S1, figure measuring system is appointing in visible light measurement system, near visible measuring system or ultrasound measurement system
It anticipates one kind.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of according to thickness value progress X-ray imaging dosing method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step S1, the measuring process of figure thickness measurements are as follows:
S101: figure measuring system obtains and sufferer body surface distance L1 to be captured;
S102: difference L, the L value that background the distance L2 and L1 of figure measuring system are calculated by algorithm processor is patient couple
Answer the figure thickness measurements of physical feeling.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of according to thickness value progress X-ray imaging dosing method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step S1, before figure measured value is transferred to processor, to figure measured value by being done in time series quickly
Median filtering and iteration progressive manner reduce measurement error, eliminate abnormal measures.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of according to thickness value progress X-ray imaging dosing method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step S2, Standard Ratio quality RQA5 and specific image catenary system of the EI critical field table according to specific image catenary system
A large amount of clinical datas and establish, including one-to-one physical feeling title, figure thickness value, instrumentation tubes voltage value and work
Make electric current product value.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of according to thickness value progress X-ray imaging dosing method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step S3, the x-ray generator includes high pressure generator and X-ray bulb, and the high pressure generator is used for root
Corresponding work tube voltage kvp is issued according to exposure parameter and operating current product mAs, X-ray bulb are used in relevant work
Within a specified time emit the X-ray of corresponding radiation quality under tube voltage kvp and operating current product mAs.
7. according to claim 6 a kind of according to thickness value progress X-ray imaging dosing method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step S3, product of the operating current product mAs for the attainable maximum current of high pressure generator and most short working time.
8. according to claim 1 a kind of according to thickness value progress X-ray imaging dosing method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step S3, radiation quality refers to the penetration power and radiation density of radiation.
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