CN109272240B - Classification variable-weight drinking water quality online evaluation method based on efficacy coefficient method - Google Patents
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a classification variable-weight drinking water quality online evaluation method based on an efficacy coefficient method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: classifying the drinking water quality evaluation factors by combining the national standards and the industrial standards of drinking water and determining the optimal limit and the worst limit of each factor; performing single-factor water quality evaluation by combining an efficacy coefficient method with actually measured drinking water quality data; carrying out comprehensive evaluation on water quality in the category; determining the weight of each category in the comprehensive evaluation of the water quality of the drinking water in the evaluation process according to the times that the evaluation factors of the water quality of each category exceed the standard in the last time period; comprehensively evaluating the quality of drinking water; and (5) evaluating the health degree of the drinking water of the pipe network. The advantages are that: the time and space distribution rule of drinking water quality monitoring is considered, and an efficacy coefficient method, a classification algorithm and a weight-variable algorithm are creatively and comprehensively applied to water quality evaluation work. Fills the gap in the field of drinking water quality evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an on-line evaluation method for classified variable-weight drinking water quality based on an efficacy coefficient method, and belongs to the technical field of water quality evaluation.
Background
Under the new trend of 'urban and rural integrated water supply', how to guarantee the drinking water safety of urban and rural residents and improve the management level of drinking water production, transportation and sale becomes an important problem. The drinking water quality evaluation work is the basis of drinking water supervision and management work, and is not only an initial link but also a terminal link. The drinking water quality evaluation work is very important for the administrative ability of a prominent management department and the public safety of mass users.
At the present stage, surface water quality evaluation methods in China are numerous and can be roughly divided into two categories, namely a deterministic method and an uncertain method. However, the research on the drinking water quality evaluation method in China is almost blank. The connotation of removing water environment from drinking water also belongs to the scope of medical and public health safety. Therefore, the evaluation method of drinking water cannot simply apply surface water for evaluation. A few scholars propose drinking water quality evaluation methods, but lack thinking and discussion about the space-time distribution angle of pipe network water supply.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an on-line evaluation method for classified variable-weight drinking water quality based on an efficacy coefficient method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: classifying the drinking water quality evaluation factors by combining the national standards and the industrial standards of drinking water and determining the optimal limit and the worst limit of each factor;
step two: the S line type is used as an evaluation line type of an efficacy coefficient method, and single-factor water quality evaluation is carried out by combining actually measured drinking water quality data;
step three: performing comprehensive evaluation on water quality in the same category, wherein the water quality evaluation factors in the same category are equal in weight;
step four: determining the weight of each category in the comprehensive evaluation of the water quality of the drinking water in the evaluation process according to the times that the evaluation factors of the water quality of each category exceed the standard in the last time period;
step five: comprehensively evaluating the quality of the drinking water by combining the results in the third step and the fourth step;
step six: and (4) evaluating the comprehensive evaluation result of the water quality of the drinking water on the comprehensive pipe network node to the health degree of the drinking water in the pipe network.
Further, in the step one, the drinking water quality evaluation factors are classified into three categories according to the national standards and the industrial standards of drinking water, and the three categories are respectively as follows: microbiological indexes, sensory properties, general chemical indexes and toxicological indexes.
Further, the single factor evaluation method of the efficacy coefficient method in the second step is as follows:
calculating a single-factor evaluation intermediate value x, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: m is a measured value of a water quality evaluation factor; b isOn the upper partIs the optimal limit value specified in the national standard, and is 0; b isLower partThe minimum limit value is specified in the national standard;
the method comprises the following steps of calculating single factor evaluation scores, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: SWQI is a single factor evaluation score.
Further, the comprehensive evaluation method in the fifth step comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating an intra-category comprehensive evaluation score of an ith large category, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: i is the classification identification after the water quality factor classification, j is the water quality factor identification in the ith large class, CWQIiA composite rating score for the ith major category; n isiThe number of water quality evaluation factors of the ith class; SWQI(i,j)Scoring a jth water quality assessment factor for the ith class;
secondly, calculating the weighting coefficient of the ith major class by the following formula:
in the formula: wiWeight coefficients of the ith major class; n is the number of categories; el (electro luminescence)iThe standard exceeding times of all water quality evaluation factors in the last period of the ith class are counted; EL is the exceeding times of all water quality evaluation factors in all classes in a previous period;
thirdly, calculating the comprehensive score of the water quality of the drinking water, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: WQI is the comprehensive score of drinking water quality.
Further, the method for calculating the health degree of the drinking water of the pipe network in the sixth step comprises the following steps:
H＝0.6×ho+0.3×hs+0.1×he
in the formula: h is the water quality health degree of the pipe network; h iso、hs、heThe average values of the water quality comprehensive evaluation scores of the factory water, the secondary water supply and the peripheral water observation station are respectively.
Further, the health degree of the water quality of the pipe network is 100 minutes, the water quality reaches the standard when the health degree of the water quality reaches more than 60 minutes, the water quality is excellent when the health degree of the water quality reaches more than 80 minutes, and the water quality is unqualified when the health degree of the water quality is less than 60 minutes, so that the problem of the water quality of the pipe network is suggested to be checked in time.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a classification variable-weight drinking water quality online evaluation method based on an efficacy coefficient method, which considers the time and space distribution rule of drinking water quality monitoring and creatively applies the efficacy coefficient method, the classification algorithm and the variable-weight algorithm to water quality evaluation work comprehensively. Meanwhile, the concept of the water quality health degree of the pipe network is introduced, and the overall health condition of the pipe network water quality is evaluated based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the spatial nodes of each level. The method can realize high automation in the evaluation process, is very suitable for water quality on-line evaluation, and is convenient to understand and manage because all evaluation results are in a format of percent. Under the background of urban and rural integrated water supply, the invention fills the blank in the field of drinking water quality evaluation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow of a classification variable-weight drinking water quality online evaluation method based on an efficacy coefficient method.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, a classification variable-weight drinking water quality online evaluation method based on an efficacy coefficient method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: classifying the drinking water quality evaluation factors and determining the optimal limit and the worst limit of each factor by combining national standard GB 5749-2006 for sanitary Standard for Drinking Water, GB8637-2008 for Drinking Natural mineral Water and industry Standard CJ/T206-2005 for urban Water quality Standard;
step two: the S line type is used as an evaluation line type of an efficacy coefficient method, and single-factor water quality evaluation is carried out by combining actually measured drinking water quality data;
step three: performing comprehensive evaluation on water quality in the same category, wherein the water quality evaluation factors in the same category are equal in weight;
step four: determining the weight of each category in the comprehensive evaluation of the water quality of the drinking water in the evaluation process according to the times that the evaluation factors of the water quality of each category exceed the standard in the last time period;
step five: comprehensively evaluating the quality of the drinking water by combining the results in the third step and the fourth step;
step six: and (3) calculating the health degree of the pipe network by synthesizing the comprehensive evaluation result of the water quality of the drinking water on the nodes of the pipe network, wherein the health degree of the pipe network is fully divided into 100 minutes, the health degree of the pipe network is up to the standard when the health degree of the pipe network is more than 60 minutes, the health degree of the pipe network is excellent when the health degree of the pipe network is more than 80 minutes, and the health degree of the pipe network is unqualified when the health degree of the pipe network is less than 60 minutes, and the problem of the water quality of the pipe network is suggested to be checked in time.
In the step one, the drinking water quality evaluation factors are classified into three categories according to the national standards and the industrial standards of drinking water, and the three categories are respectively as follows: microbiological indexes, sensory properties, general chemical indexes and toxicological indexes.
The single factor evaluation method of the efficacy coefficient method in the second step comprises the following steps:
calculating a single-factor evaluation intermediate value x, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: m is a measured value of a water quality evaluation factor; b isOn the upper partIs the optimal limit value specified in the national standard, and is 0; b isLower partIs the worst limit value specified in the national standard.
The method comprises the following steps of calculating single factor evaluation scores, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: SWQI is a single factor evaluation score.
The comprehensive evaluation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating a comprehensive evaluation score of an ith large class, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: i is a class identifier after the water quality factor classification (i specifically refers to one of three main classes into which drinking water quality evaluation factors are classified according to the national standard and the industrial standard of drinking water), j is a water quality factor identifier in the ith main class, CWQIiA composite rating score for the ith major category; n isiThe number of water quality evaluation factors of the ith class; SWQI(i,j)Scoring a jth water quality assessment factor for the ith class;
secondly, calculating the weighting coefficient of the ith major class by the following formula:
in the formula: wiWeight coefficients of the ith major class; n is the number of categories; el (electro luminescence)iThe standard exceeding times of all water quality evaluation factors in the last period of the ith class are counted; EL is the exceeding times of all water quality evaluation factors in all classes in a previous period;
thirdly, calculating the comprehensive score of the water quality of the drinking water, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: WQI is the comprehensive score of drinking water quality.
The method for calculating the health degree of the drinking water of the pipe network in the sixth step comprises the following steps:
H＝0.6×ho+0.3×hs+0.1×he
in the formula: h is the water quality health degree of the official website, and the full score is 100; h iso、hs、heThe average values of the water quality comprehensive evaluation scores of the factory water, the secondary water supply and the peripheral water observation station are respectively.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
1. water quality assessment factor classification
The present example uses only monthly data from the city water supply company somewhere in Suzhong, which were measured for microbiological (total coliform, residual chlorine, total number of colonies), organoleptic and general chemical (turbidity, color, iron, manganese) and toxicological (lead, mercury, nitrate) indicators
2. Evaluation and classification evaluation of single water quality factor
Evaluation of single-item water quality factor
For convenience of explaining the evaluation and calculation process of the single water quality factor, the nitrate evaluation process is taken as an example. The measured value of the nitrate is 4mg/L, the optimal limit value of the nitrate in the water quality standard is 0mg/L, and the most listed limit value is 10 mg/L. The nitrate single factor evaluation median was therefore:
nitrate single factor evaluation scores were calculated using equation (2):
and respectively calculating to obtain the evaluation scores of all factors according to the steps: total coliform group bacteria (100), residual chlorine (95.8), colony count (99.3), turbidity (92.4), chroma (15.9), iron (96.6), manganese (50), lead (88.1), mercury (73.1) and nitrate (73.1).
Evaluation of the classification
The category evaluation is to perform average weighted integration on all the single factor evaluation scores in the category on the basis of the single factor evaluation result, and the toxicology index is taken as an example at this time:
the microbiological index, the sensory character and the general chemical index comprehensive evaluation score are respectively as follows: 98.4 and 63.7.
3. Determination of class weights
The weight of each category is determined according to the exceeding times of all the factors of each category in the previous period in the same time period, the selected time period is a month, and therefore the exceeding times of all the factors of each category in the previous month are respectively: the microbiological index is 1 time; sensory properties and general chemical indexes for 2 times; toxicity index 3 times. Selecting a calculation process of toxicity index category weight as an example:
the weights of the biological index, the sensory character and the general chemical index are respectively as follows: 0.25 and 0.33.
4. Comprehensive evaluation of drinking water quality
The drinking water quality comprehensive evaluation uses a mode of weighting and summing each category, and the comprehensive evaluation in the case is calculated as follows:
5. calculation of drinking water health degree of pipe network
The drinking water health degree of the pipe network is obtained by weighted summation of the grading mean values of the water supply nodes (the factory nodes, the secondary water supply nodes and the end nodes) in each spatial level, and the comprehensive grading mean values of the factory nodes, the secondary water supply nodes and the end nodes in the calculation case are respectively as follows: 97.1, 92.4, 81.7. The health degree of drinking water in the pipe network is calculated as follows:
H＝0.6×ho+0.3×hs+0.1×he＝0.6×97.1+0.3×92.4+0.1×81.7＝94.2
according to the evaluation result, the drinking water of the pipe network in the area is relatively healthy, and no obvious water quality safety problem exists.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A classification variable-weight drinking water quality online evaluation method based on an efficacy coefficient method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: classifying the drinking water quality evaluation factors by combining the national standards and the industrial standards of drinking water and determining the optimal limit and the worst limit of each factor;
step two: the S line type is used as an evaluation line type of an efficacy coefficient method, and single-factor water quality evaluation is carried out by combining actually measured drinking water quality data;
the single factor evaluation method of the efficacy coefficient method comprises the following steps:
calculating a single-factor evaluation intermediate value x, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: m is a measured value of a water quality evaluation factor; b isOn the upper partIs the optimal limit value specified in the national standard, and is 0; b isLower partThe minimum limit value is specified in the national standard;
the method comprises the following steps of calculating single factor evaluation scores, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: SWQI is a single factor evaluation score;
step three: performing comprehensive evaluation on water quality in the same category, wherein the water quality evaluation factors in the same category are equal in weight;
step four: determining the weight of each category in the comprehensive evaluation of the water quality of the drinking water in the evaluation process according to the times that the evaluation factors of the water quality of each category exceed the standard in the last time period;
step five: comprehensively evaluating the quality of the drinking water by combining the results in the third step and the fourth step;
the comprehensive evaluation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating an intra-category comprehensive evaluation score of an ith large category, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: i is the classification identification after the water quality factor classification, j is the water quality factor identification in the ith large class, CWQIiA composite rating score for the ith major category; n isiThe number of water quality evaluation factors of the ith class; SWQI(i,j)Scoring a jth water quality assessment factor for the ith class;
secondly, calculating the weighting coefficient of the ith major class by the following formula:
in the formula: wiWeight coefficients of the ith major class; n is the number of categories; el (electro luminescence)iThe standard exceeding times of all water quality evaluation factors in the last period of the ith class are counted; EL is the exceeding times of all water quality evaluation factors in all classes in a previous period;
thirdly, calculating the comprehensive score of the water quality of the drinking water, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: WQI is the comprehensive score of the water quality of the drinking water;
step six: and (4) evaluating the comprehensive evaluation result of the water quality of the drinking water on the comprehensive pipe network node to the health degree of the drinking water in the pipe network.
2. The method for on-line evaluation of classified variable-weight drinking water quality based on the efficacy coefficient method according to claim 1, wherein the drinking water quality evaluation factors are classified into three categories according to the national standards and the industrial standards of drinking water in the step one, and the three categories are as follows: microbiological indexes, sensory properties, general chemical indexes and toxicological indexes.
3. The method for on-line evaluation of classified variable-weight drinking water quality based on the efficacy coefficient method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation method of the drinking water health degree of the pipe network in the sixth step is as follows:
H＝0.6×ho+0.3×hs+0.1×he
in the formula: h is the water quality health degree of the pipe network; h iso、hs、heThe average values of the water quality comprehensive evaluation scores of the factory water, the secondary water supply and the peripheral water observation station are respectively.
4. The method for on-line evaluation of classified variable-weight drinking water quality based on the efficacy coefficient method according to claim 3, wherein the health degree of the water quality of the pipe network is 100 minutes, the standard is reached when the health degree of the water quality of the pipe network is more than 60 minutes, the quality is excellent when the health degree of the water quality of the pipe network is more than 80 minutes, and the water quality of the pipe network is not qualified when the health degree of the water quality of the pipe network is less than 60 minutes, so that the problem of the water quality of the pipe network is suggested to be checked in time.
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| CN102236740A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-11-09 | 上海申丰检测有限公司 | Water quality detection and evaluation service method for drinking water |
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| 基于功效系数法的水质综合评价;孟锦根;《水力发电》;20161130;第42卷(第11期);全文 * |
| 改进的综合水质标识指数法及其应用;周密等;《水力发电》;20170331;第43卷(第3期);全文 * |
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