CN109269992A - A kind of recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen, device, storage medium and equipment - Google Patents
A kind of recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen, device, storage medium and equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen, device, storage medium and equipment, comprising: obtain the ammonia-nitrogen content of ground black and odorous water sampled point, ground black and odorous water sampled point each wave band water body reflectivity；Obtain the water body reflectivity of black and odorous water sampled point each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device；By the ammonia-nitrogen content of ground black and odorous water sampled point and black and odorous water sampled point, the water body reflectivity of each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device carries out correlation analysis, determines the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined；Determine the relational model of the water body reflectivity of ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined；Obtain the black and odorous water image in region to be measured；According to relational model and black and odorous water image, the distribution of ammonia nitrogen is determined.The present invention is not necessarily to region field survey to be measured, without chemical assay is carried out, realizes the quick identification to the ammonia nitrogen of the black and odorous water of extensive area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ammonia nitrogen detection fields, more particularly to a kind of recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen, device, storage medium and set
It is standby.
Background technique
Chief component of the surface water body as water resource, being distributed, investigate, administer, planning and monitoring to it also has
Significance.And in the process of city prosperity, industry, agricultural and sanitary wastewater make the surface water body in completed region of the city not
It is limpid again, or even there is the smelly problem that blacks, become the black and odorous water in city.The original that these black and odorous waters are formed
Because be by the ammonia-nitrogen content in water body it is excessively high caused by, therefore, by being detected to the ammonia nitrogen in black and odorous water, to subsequent black
The distribution and detection of smelly water body have great directive function.
Inventor has found that the detection to the ammonia nitrogen of black and odorous water is usually from ground in carrying out innovation and creation of the invention
Region to be measured directly acquires the sample of black and odorous water, and directly obtains ammonia nitrogen by the chemical detection of the sample to black and odorous water
Distribution situation, this mode is only limited to the research in small range region, and needs researcher to reach region to be measured and carry out
Acquisition requires chemical detection every time to obtain ammonia nitrogen, operates inconvenient.Therefore, how to realize to extensive area
The ammonia nitrogen distribution of black and odorous water is identified, urgent problem to be solved is become.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen, have without to region to be measured into
Row field survey, without carrying out chemical assay, it can be achieved that quickly identifying to the ammonia nitrogen of the black and odorous water of extensive area
Advantage.
A kind of recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen, includes the following steps:
Water of the ammonia-nitrogen content and ground black and odorous water sampled point of acquisition ground black and odorous water sampled point in each wave band
Volume reflectivity；
According to the ground black and odorous water sampled point in the water body reflectivity of each wave band, obtains black and odorous water sampled point and exist
The water body reflectivity of each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device；
By the ammonia-nitrogen content of the ground black and odorous water sampled point and the black and odorous water sampled point in unmanned plane mostly light
The water body reflectivity for composing each wave band in remote sensing photographic device carries out correlation analysis, determines the optimal bands combined of characterization ammonia nitrogen
Water body reflectivity；
Ammonia-nitrogen content under the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined is fitted, determines ammonia-nitrogen content and best wave
The relational model of the water body reflectivity of Duan Zuhe；Wherein, the pass of the water body reflectivity of the ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined
System meets: the content of ammonia nitrogen is exponentially increased with the increase of the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined；
The unmanned plane multispectral image in region to be measured is obtained, and determines black and odorous water image；
According to the relational model and the black and odorous water image, the distribution of ammonia nitrogen is determined.
By determining the ammonia nitrogen of ground black and odorous water sampled point and the best band of unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device
The relational model of combined water body reflectivity, and then can be obtained according to the black and odorous water in region to be measured the spatial distribution of ammonia nitrogen,
Without carrying out field survey to region to be measured, without chemical assay is carried out, the black smelly water to extensive area is realized
The quick identification of the ammonia nitrogen of body.
In one embodiment, by will be described anti-in the water body of each wave band according to the ground black and odorous water sampled point
It penetrates rate and carries out convolution algorithm mapping, obtain black and odorous water sampled point each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device
Water body reflectivity, wherein the mode of the convolution algorithm mapping are as follows:
In formula, λ indicates wavelength, and λ min is the start wavelength of unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device, and λ max is nobody
The termination wavelength of machine multispectral remote sensing photographic device；R (λ) is the water body reflectivity that ground black and odorous water sampled point is λ in wavelength；
F (λ) is spectral response functions；The water body reflectivity of R expression unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device.
In one embodiment, the expression of the relational model of the water body reflectivity of the ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined
Mode are as follows: y=69.366e12.635x, wherein x indicates that the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined, y indicate ammonia-nitrogen content；Institute
The water body reflectivity for stating optimal bands combined is that the water body reflectivity at wave band 550nm and the water body at wave band 660nm are anti-
Penetrate the difference of rate.
In one embodiment, the unmanned plane multispectral image for obtaining region to be measured, and determine black and odorous water image
The step of, comprising:
Obtain the unmanned plane multispectral image in region to be measured；Wherein, the unmanned plane multispectral image includes to area to be measured
Several continuous unmanned plane multispectral images of domain shooting；
Several continuous unmanned plane multispectral images are spliced, the global image in region to be measured is obtained；
Radiant correction is carried out to the global image, the global image after being corrected；
The global image after correction is handled by sobel operator, obtains global gradient image；
8 field connected domain calculations are used to the global gradient image, the global gradient image are divided into more
A connected domain；
The area that each connected domain is counted by histogram method obtains the connection area of each connected domain, if connected domain
Connection area is not up to preset connection area threshold, then the connected domain is determined as non-black and odorous water image；
If connected domain area reaches preset connection area threshold, according to suspension bed sediment inversion method, the company is calculated
The Suspended Sedimentation Concentration in logical domain；The connected domain is rejected if Suspended Sedimentation Concentration is greater than 100mg/L；Otherwise, by the connected domain
It is determined as black and odorous water image, wherein the calculation formula of the suspension bed sediment inversion method are as follows: y=2570x2-6531x+
3748；Wherein x=lg [R (660)]/lg [R (550)], R (660) indicate that central wavelength is the reflectivity of wave band at 660nm, R
(550) indicate that central wavelength is the reflectivity of wave band at 550nm；Y is concentration of suspension.
By combining sobel operator and Connected area disposal$ mode, the quick determination to black and odorous water is realized.
In one embodiment, the unmanned plane multispectral image in the region to be measured are as follows: multispectral by UAV flight
Several continuous multispectral images that remote sensing photographic device obtains.
In one embodiment, the unmanned plane multispectral image in the region to be measured is that UAV flight's multispectral remote sensing is taken the photograph
The image of the green channel and red channel that are obtained as device, by green channel and red channel with by black and odorous water and other
Atural object is effectively distinguished.
In one embodiment, described according to the relational model and the black and odorous water image, determine the distribution of ammonia nitrogen
Later, the concentration being distributed according to ammonia nitrogen is further comprised the steps of:, is that ammonia nitrogen nonattainment area and ammonia nitrogen are normal by region division to be measured
Area, and denitrogenation processing is carried out to black and odorous water using membrane separation technique in ammonia nitrogen nonattainment area.
The present invention also provides a kind of identification devices of ammonia nitrogen, comprising:
Sample point data obtains module, and the ammonia-nitrogen content and ground for obtaining ground black and odorous water sampled point are black smelly
Water body reflectivity of the water body sampled point in each wave band；
Water body reflectivity obtains module, reflects for the water body according to the ground black and odorous water sampled point in each wave band
Rate obtains the water body reflectivity of black and odorous water sampled point each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device；
Wave band determining module, for by the ammonia-nitrogen content and the black and odorous water of the ground black and odorous water sampled point
The water body reflectivity of sampled point each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device carries out correlation analysis, determines characterization
The water body reflectivity of the optimal bands combined of ammonia nitrogen；
Relational model determining module, for intending the ammonia-nitrogen content under the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined
It closes, determines the relational model of the water body reflectivity of ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined；Wherein, the ammonia-nitrogen content and best wave
The relationship of the water body reflectivity of Duan Zuhe meets: the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is as the increase of the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined is in finger
Number increases；
Black and odorous water image collection module for obtaining the unmanned plane multispectral image in region to be measured, and determines black smelly water
Body image；
Ammonia nitrogen is distributed determining module, for determining point of ammonia nitrogen according to the relational model and the black and odorous water image
Cloth.
By determining the ammonia nitrogen of ground black and odorous water sampled point and the best band of unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device
The relational model of combined water body reflectivity, and then can be obtained according to the black and odorous water in region to be measured the spatial distribution of ammonia nitrogen,
Without carrying out field survey to region to be measured, without chemical assay is carried out, the black smelly water to extensive area is realized
The quick identification of the ammonia nitrogen of body.
The present invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage mediums, store computer program thereon, the computer program
The step of recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen described in above-mentioned any one is realized when being executed by processor.
The present invention also provides a kind of computer equipment, including reservoir, processor and it is stored in the reservoir simultaneously
The computer program that can be executed by the processor, the processor are realized when executing the computer program as above-mentioned any one
The step of recognition methods of the item ammonia nitrogen.
In order to better understand and implement, the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, its flow chart for the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen in the embodiment of the present invention, the identification side of the ammonia nitrogen
Method includes the following steps:
Step S1: the ammonia-nitrogen content and ground black and odorous water sampled point for obtaining ground black and odorous water sampled point are each
The water body reflectivity of wave band.
Wherein, the ammonia-nitrogen content is to refer in water with free ammonia (NH3) and ammonium ion (NH4+) nitrogen existing for form contains
Amount, ammonia nitrogen is the nutrient in water body, can lead to the generation of water eutrophication phenomenon, is the main oxygen consumption pollutant in water body, right
Fish and certain aquatiles are toxic.The step of ammonia nitrogen of the black and odorous water for obtaining ground sampled point are as follows: pass through acquisition
The water body of ground black and odorous water sampled point, then obtain by chemical detection mode the ammonia nitrogen in black and odorous water.
Wherein, the water body reflectivity is water body to the reflected energy of sunlight and the ratio of projectile energy, and in difference
The reflectivity of wave band water body is different.
Wherein, the black and odorous water of the sampled point is directly existing using ASD spectrometer in the water body reflectivity of each wave band
Field measurement collects corresponding unmanned plane wave band by spectral response functions.Ground surface reflectance is the foundation of modeling, can basis
The data on ground establish corresponding model, are directly used in multispectral image and generate ammonia nitrogen concentration spatial distribution map.
Step S2: according to the ground black and odorous water sampled point in the water body reflectivity of each wave band, black and odorous water is obtained
The water body reflectivity of sampled point each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device.
Wherein, the black and odorous water obtained from ground each wave band water body reflectivity, and by multispectral in unmanned plane
The black and odorous water in multi-spectral remote sensing image that remote sensing photographic device obtains is different in the water body reflectivity of each wave band, still,
There are mapping relations for the two water body reflectivity, therefore, anti-in the water body of each wave band according to the black and odorous water of the sampled point
Rate is penetrated, can get the water body reflectivity of black and odorous water each wave band in multi-spectral remote sensing image.
Wherein, unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing resolution of photographic device is high, and is protected from weather influences, and can be used for tiny river
The identification of the water pollutions parameter such as TP.
Step S3: by the ammonia-nitrogen content of the ground black and odorous water sampled point and the black and odorous water sampled point in nothing
The water body reflectivity of each wave band carries out correlation analysis in man-machine multispectral remote sensing photographic device, determines the best of characterization ammonia nitrogen
The water body reflectivity of band combination；
Step S4: the ammonia-nitrogen content under the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined is fitted, determines ammonia-nitrogen content
With the relational model of the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined；Wherein, the water body of the ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined is anti-
The relationship for penetrating rate meets: the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is exponentially increased with the increase of the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined.
Step S5: the unmanned plane multispectral image in region to be measured is obtained, and determines black and odorous water image；
Step S6: according to the relational model and the black and odorous water image, the distribution of ammonia nitrogen is determined.
By determining the ammonia nitrogen of ground black and odorous water sampled point and the best band of unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device
The relational model of combined water body reflectivity, and then can be obtained according to the black and odorous water in region to be measured the spatial distribution of ammonia nitrogen,
Without carrying out field survey to region to be measured, without chemical assay is carried out, the black smelly water to extensive area is realized
The quick identification of the ammonia nitrogen of body.
In one embodiment, in step s 2, by by it is described according to the ground black and odorous water sampled point each
The water body reflectivity of wave band carries out convolution algorithm mapping, obtains black and odorous water sampled point in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device
In each wave band water body reflectivity the step of, wherein the mode of convolution algorithm mapping are as follows:
In formula, λ indicates wavelength, and λ min is the start wavelength of unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device, and λ max is nobody
The termination wavelength of machine multispectral remote sensing photographic device；R (λ) is the water body reflectivity that ground black and odorous water sampled point is λ in wavelength；
F (λ) is spectral response functions；The water body reflectivity of R expression unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device.
In one embodiment, in the optimal bands combined, the content of ammonia nitrogen is more, it is preferred that the best wave
The water body reflectivity of Duan Zuhe is the difference of the water body reflectivity and the water body reflectivity at wave band 660nm at wave band 550nm
Value.
In one embodiment, the expression of the relational model of the water body reflectivity of the ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined
Mode are as follows: y=69.366e12.635x, wherein x indicates that the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined, y indicate ammonia-nitrogen content；Institute
State optimal bands combined water body reflectivity be wave band 550nm water body reflectivity and wave band 660nm water body reflectivity
Difference.
In one embodiment, the unmanned plane multispectral image for obtaining region to be measured, and determine black and odorous water image
The step of, comprising:
Step S51: the unmanned plane multispectral image in region to be measured is obtained, wherein the unmanned plane multispectral image includes
To several continuous unmanned plane multispectral images of region to be measured shooting.
In one embodiment, the multispectral image in the region to be measured is UAV flight's multispectral remote sensing photographic device
Several continuous unmanned plane multispectral images of shooting.
In one embodiment, inventor has found in carrying out innovation and creation of the invention, by using unmanned plane mostly light
The image that the green channel and red channel for composing remote sensing photographic device obtain can carry out black and odorous water with other atural objects more apparent
Ground is distinguished, and therefore, for convenience of subsequent determining black and odorous water image, passes through the green channel and feux rouges of multispectral remote sensing photographic device
Multispectral image of the image that channel obtains as region to be measured.
Step S52: several continuous unmanned plane multispectral images are spliced, the global image in region to be measured is obtained.
Step S53: radiant correction is carried out to the global image, the global image after being corrected.
Step S54: being handled the global image after correction by sobel operator, obtains global gradient image.
Wherein, Sobel Operator (Sobel operator, referred to as " sobel operator ") is the upper of pixel each in image
The gray value weighted difference in lower four field of left and right, in the global gradient image that edge can reach extreme value and obtain.
Step S55: using 8 field connected domain calculations to the global gradient image, by the global gradient image
It is divided into multiple connected domains；
Step S56: counting the area of each connected domain by histogram method, obtains the connection area of each connected domain, if
The connection area of connected domain is not up to preset connection area threshold, then the connected domain is determined as non-black and odorous water image；
If connected domain area reaches preset connection area threshold, according to suspension bed sediment inversion method, the outstanding of the connected domain is calculated
Floating sediment concentration；The connected domain is rejected if Suspended Sedimentation Concentration is greater than 100mg/L；Otherwise, the connected domain is determined as black
Smelly water body image, wherein the calculation formula of the suspension bed sediment inversion method are as follows: y=2570x2-6531x+3748；Wherein x=
Lg [R (660)]/lg [R (550)], R (660) indicate that central wavelength is the reflectivity of wave band at 660nm, and R (550) indicates center
Wavelength is the reflectivity of wave band at 550nm；Y is concentration of suspension.Wherein, the central wavelength of sensor specific band, represents
The reflectivity of one wave band, the application indicate a certain wave band with central wavelength.
In one embodiment, in step s 6, described according to the relational model and the black and odorous water image, it determines
The step of distribution of ammonia nitrogen are as follows: obtain black and odorous water image in the water body reflectivity of the optimal bands combined, further according to best
The water body reflectivity of band combination calculates the content of ammonia nitrogen in black and odorous water.
In one embodiment, the ammonia nitrogen in black and odorous water is effectively treated to realize, it is described according to the relationship
Model and the black and odorous water image, further include step S8 after the distribution for determining ammonia nitrogen: the intensive journey being distributed according to ammonia nitrogen
Region division to be measured is ammonia nitrogen nonattainment area and the normal area of ammonia nitrogen, and uses membrane separation technique to black smelly in ammonia nitrogen nonattainment area by degree
Water body carries out denitrogenation processing.Wherein, membrane separation technique includes a kind of side to carry out ammonia nitrogen removal using the selective penetrated property of film
Method, the membrane separation technique used in the present embodiment is the method for gas-water separation film removal of ammonia and nitrogen.
The present invention also provides a kind of identification devices of ammonia nitrogen, comprising:
Sample point data obtains module, and the ammonia-nitrogen content and ground for obtaining ground black and odorous water sampled point are black smelly
Water body reflectivity of the water body sampled point in each wave band；
Water body reflectivity obtains module, reflects for the water body according to the ground black and odorous water sampled point in each wave band
Rate obtains the water body reflectivity of black and odorous water sampled point each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device；
Wave band determining module, for by the ammonia-nitrogen content and the black and odorous water of the ground black and odorous water sampled point
The water body reflectivity of sampled point each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device carries out correlation analysis, determines characterization
The optimal bands combined of ammonia nitrogen；
Relational model determining module, for intending the ammonia-nitrogen content under the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined
It closes, determines the relational model of the water body reflectivity of ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined；Wherein, the ammonia-nitrogen content and best wave
The relationship of the water body reflectivity of Duan Zuhe meets: the content of ammonia nitrogen is as the increase of the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined is in finger
Number increases；
Black and odorous water image collection module for obtaining the unmanned plane multispectral image in region to be measured, and determines black smelly water
Body image；
Ammonia nitrogen is distributed determining module, for determining point of ammonia nitrogen according to the relational model and the black and odorous water image
Cloth.
By determining the ammonia nitrogen of ground black and odorous water sampled point and the best band of unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device
The relational model of combined reflectivity, and then can be obtained according to the black and odorous water in region to be measured the spatial distribution of ammonia nitrogen, thus
Without carrying out field survey to region to be measured, without chemical assay is carried out, realize to the black and odorous water of extensive area
The quick identification of ammonia nitrogen.
In one embodiment, the water body reflectivity obtains module, for by will be described black smelly according to the ground
Water body sampled point carries out convolution algorithm mapping in the water body reflectivity of each wave band, and it is more in unmanned plane to obtain black and odorous water sampled point
In spectral remote sensing photographic device the step of the water body reflectivity of each wave band, wherein the mode of the convolution algorithm mapping are as follows:
In formula, λ indicates wavelength, and λ min is the start wavelength of unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device, and λ max is nobody
The termination wavelength of machine multispectral remote sensing photographic device；R (λ) is the water body reflectivity that ground black and odorous water sampled point is λ in wavelength；
F (λ) is spectral response functions；The water body reflectivity of R expression unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device.
In one embodiment, in the optimal bands combined, the content of ammonia nitrogen is more, it is preferred that the best wave
The water body reflectivity of Duan Zuhe be wave band 550nm water body reflectivity and wave band the water body reflectivity of 660nm difference.
In one embodiment, the expression of the relational model of the water body reflectivity of the ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined
Mode are as follows: y=69.366e12.635x, wherein x indicates that the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined, y indicate ammonia-nitrogen content；Institute
State optimal bands combined water body reflectivity be wave band 550nm water body reflectivity and wave band 660nm water body reflectivity
Difference.
In one embodiment, the black and odorous water image collection module includes:
Area image to be measured obtains module, for obtaining the unmanned plane multispectral image in region to be measured, wherein the mostly light
Spectrum image includes several continuous unmanned plane multispectral images to region to be measured shooting.
Global image obtains module, for splicing several continuous unmanned plane multispectral images, obtains region to be measured
Global image.
Correction module, for carrying out radiant correction to the global image, the global image after being corrected.
Global gradient image obtains module, for being handled by sobel operator the global image after correction, obtains
Global gradient image.
Connected domain division module will be described complete for using 8 field connected domain calculations to the global gradient image
Office's gradient image is divided into multiple connected domains；
Judgment module obtains the connected surface of each connected domain for counting the area of each connected domain by histogram method
Product, if the connection area of connected domain is not up to preset connection area threshold, is determined as non-black and odorous water for the connected domain
Image；If connected domain area reaches preset connection area threshold, according to suspension bed sediment inversion method, the connected domain is calculated
Suspended Sedimentation Concentration；The connected domain is rejected if Suspended Sedimentation Concentration is greater than 100mg/L；Otherwise, the connected domain is determined
For black and odorous water image, wherein the calculation formula of the suspension bed sediment inversion method are as follows: y=2570x2-6531x+3748；Its
Middle x=lg [R (660)]/lg [R (550)], R (660) indicate that central wavelength is the reflectivity of wave band at 660nm, and R (550) is indicated
Central wavelength is the reflectivity of wave band at 550nm；Y is concentration of suspension.Wherein, the central wavelength of sensor specific band, generation
The table reflectivity of one wave band, the application indicate a certain wave band with central wavelength.
In one embodiment, the ammonia nitrogen in black and odorous water is effectively treated to realize, it is described according to the relationship
Model and the black and odorous water image, further include step S8 after the distribution for determining ammonia nitrogen: the intensive journey being distributed according to ammonia nitrogen
Region division to be measured is ammonia nitrogen nonattainment area and the normal area of ammonia nitrogen, and uses membrane separation technique to black smelly in ammonia nitrogen nonattainment area by degree
Water body carries out denitrogenation processing.Wherein, membrane separation technique includes a kind of side to carry out ammonia nitrogen removal using the selective penetrated property of film
Method, the membrane separation technique used in the present embodiment is the method for gas-water separation film removal of ammonia and nitrogen.
The present invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage mediums, store computer program thereon, the computer program
It is realized when being executed by processor as described in any of the above-described the step of the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen.
The present invention also provides a kind of computer equipment, including reservoir, processor and it is stored in the reservoir simultaneously
The computer program that can be executed by the processor, the processor are realized when executing the computer program such as any of the above-described institute
The step of stating the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen, which comprises the steps of:
Ammonia-nitrogen content and the ground black and odorous water sampled point for obtaining ground black and odorous water sampled point are anti-in the water body of each wave band
Penetrate rate；
According to the ground black and odorous water sampled point in the water body reflectivity of each wave band, black and odorous water sampled point is obtained at nobody
The water body reflectivity of each wave band in machine multispectral remote sensing photographic device；
The ammonia-nitrogen content of the ground black and odorous water sampled point and the black and odorous water sampled point is multispectral distant in unmanned plane
The water body reflectivity for feeling each wave band in photographic device carries out correlation analysis, determines the water of the optimal bands combined of characterization ammonia nitrogen
Volume reflectivity；
Ammonia-nitrogen content under the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined is fitted, determines ammonia-nitrogen content and best band group
The relational model of the water body reflectivity of conjunction；Wherein, the relationship of the water body reflectivity of the ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined is full
Foot: the content of ammonia nitrogen is exponentially increased with the increase of the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined；
The unmanned plane multispectral image in region to be measured is obtained, and determines black and odorous water image；
According to the relational model and the black and odorous water image, the distribution of ammonia nitrogen is determined.
2. the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by will be described black smelly according to the ground
Water body sampled point carries out convolution algorithm mapping in the water body reflectivity of each wave band, and it is more in unmanned plane to obtain black and odorous water sampled point
The water body reflectivity of each wave band in spectral remote sensing photographic device, wherein the mode of the convolution algorithm mapping are as follows:
In formula, λ indicates wavelength, and λ min is the start wavelength of unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device, and λ max is that unmanned plane is more
The termination wavelength of spectral remote sensing photographic device；R (λ) is the water body reflectivity that ground black and odorous water sampled point is λ in wavelength；f(λ)
For spectral response functions；The water body reflectivity of R expression unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device.
3. the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined
Water body reflectivity relational model representation are as follows: y=69.366e12.635x, wherein the water of x expression optimal bands combined
Volume reflectivity, y indicate ammonia-nitrogen content；The water body reflectivity of the optimal bands combined is the water body reflection at wave band 550nm
The difference of rate and the water body reflectivity at wave band 660nm.
4. the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the unmanned plane for obtaining region to be measured is more
Spectrum image, and the step of determining black and odorous water image, comprising:
Obtain the unmanned plane multispectral image in region to be measured；Wherein, the multispectral image includes to the more of region to be measured shooting
The continuous unmanned plane multispectral image of width；
Several continuous unmanned plane multispectral images are spliced, the global image in region to be measured is obtained；
Radiant correction is carried out to the global image, the global image after being corrected；
The global image after correction is handled by sobel operator, obtains global gradient image；
8 field connected domain calculations are used to the global gradient image, the global gradient image is divided into multiple companies
Logical domain；
The area that each connected domain is counted by histogram method obtains the connection area of each connected domain, if the connection of connected domain
Area is not up to preset connection area threshold, then the connected domain is determined as non-black and odorous water image；
If connected domain area reaches preset connection area threshold, according to suspension bed sediment inversion method, the connected domain is calculated
Suspended Sedimentation Concentration；The connected domain is rejected if Suspended Sedimentation Concentration is greater than 100mg/L；Otherwise, the connected domain is determined
For black and odorous water image, wherein the calculation formula of the suspension bed sediment inversion method are as follows: y=2677.1x2-6538.5x+
3977.6；Wherein x=lg [R (660)]/lg [R (550)], R (660) indicate that central wavelength is the reflectivity of wave band at 660nm, R
(550) indicate that central wavelength is the reflectivity of wave band at 550nm；Y is concentration of suspension.
5. the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the unmanned plane in the region to be measured is multispectral
Image are as follows: several the continuous multispectral images obtained by UAV flight's multispectral remote sensing photographic device.
6. the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the unmanned plane in the region to be measured is multispectral
Image are as follows: the image of green channel and red channel that UAV flight's multispectral remote sensing photographic device obtains.
7. the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described according to the relational model and described
Black and odorous water image after the distribution for determining ammonia nitrogen, further comprises the steps of: the concentration being distributed according to ammonia nitrogen, by region to be measured
It is divided into ammonia nitrogen nonattainment area and the normal area of ammonia nitrogen, and black and odorous water is carried out at denitrogenation using membrane separation technique in ammonia nitrogen nonattainment area
Reason.
8. a kind of identification device of ammonia nitrogen characterized by comprising
Sample point data obtains module, for obtaining the ammonia-nitrogen content and ground black and odorous water of ground black and odorous water sampled point
Water body reflectivity of the sampled point in each wave band；
Water body reflectivity obtain module, for according to the ground black and odorous water sampled point each wave band water body reflectivity,
Obtain the water body reflectivity of black and odorous water sampled point each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device；
Wave band determining module, for sampling the ammonia-nitrogen content of the ground black and odorous water sampled point and the black and odorous water
The water body reflectivity of point each wave band in unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing photographic device carries out correlation analysis, determines characterization ammonia nitrogen
Optimal bands combined water body reflectivity；
Relational model determining module, for the ammonia-nitrogen content under the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined to be fitted, really
Determine the relational model of the water body reflectivity of ammonia-nitrogen content and optimal bands combined；Wherein, the ammonia-nitrogen content and best band group
The relationship of the water body reflectivity of conjunction meets: the concentration of ammonia nitrogen exponentially increases with the increase of the water body reflectivity of optimal bands combined
It is long；
Black and odorous water image collection module for obtaining the unmanned plane multispectral image in region to be measured, and determines black and odorous water figure
Picture；
Ammonia nitrogen is distributed determining module, for determining the distribution of ammonia nitrogen according to the relational model and the black and odorous water image.
9. a kind of computer readable storage medium, stores computer program thereon, which is characterized in that the computer program is located
It manages and is realized when device executes as described in any one of claim 1 to 7 the step of the recognition methods of ammonia nitrogen.
10. a kind of computer equipment, which is characterized in that including reservoir, processor and be stored in the reservoir and can
The computer program executed by the processor, the processor realize such as claim 1 to 7 when executing the computer program
Any one of described in ammonia nitrogen recognition methods the step of.
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