CN109269673A - A kind of distribution transformer hottest spot temperature intelligent monitoring method - Google Patents
A kind of distribution transformer hottest spot temperature intelligent monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109269673A CN109269673A CN201811214718.5A CN201811214718A CN109269673A CN 109269673 A CN109269673 A CN 109269673A CN 201811214718 A CN201811214718 A CN 201811214718A CN 109269673 A CN109269673 A CN 109269673A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of distribution transformer hottest spot temperature intelligent monitoring methods, the following steps are included: the hot spot coefficient of the top layer oil time constant of calculating transformer, the winding time constant of calculating transformer, calculating transformer, introduce the above intermediate parameter to hottest spot temperature computation model, be collected simultaneously and record environment temperature, the winding current that record monitor by current sensor, the monitoring of final realization hottest spot temperature.This method has taken into account transformer body design parameter and operating status, ensure that the validity of dynamic/stable state of the hottest spot temperature finally obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distribution transformer hottest spot temperature intelligent monitoring methods, belong to electric insulation on-line checking
With fault diagnosis field.
Background technique
Distribution transformer is the key equipment in distribution system, and life-span management and optimization design are got the attention,
Hottest spot temperature is the principal element for restricting distribution transformer operation, therefore accurate evaluation distribution transformer hottest spot temperature is very
It is important.Intelligent and digitization is the developing direction of smart grid, and the potential data for playing every equipment is to realize smart grid
Premise.Therefore, the hottest spot temperature data of distribution transformer are the significant datas that the electric system overall situation is configured and regulated and controled
Source.
Optical fiber temperature-measurement is that monitoring hot-spot temperature of transformer is the most direct, accurate means, however, most of transformations that put into operation
Device does not install optical fiber temperature measurement system and the cost of further conversion, upgrading is sufficiently expensive.Distribution transformer is dosage most commonly used one
Kind transformer, is usually used in the distribution place of the low-voltage-grades such as residential quarter, factory.However due to its substantial amounts, monomer price
It is not high, cause often to ignore its temperature rise monitoring.It is on active service however, understanding hottest spot temperature for reasonable disposition load, total evaluation
Service life is of great significance.This patent proposes that a kind of consideration transformer thermal time constant is supervised with the hot(test)-spot temperature that load factor changes
Survey method, that takes into account thermal time constants with the variation of load factor so that accuracy increases, while monitoring quantity obtains simplicity easily
In realization.
Summary of the invention
In view of upper, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of distribution transformer hottest spot temperature intelligent monitoring methods, lead to
Consideration transformer itself design parameter, operating status, ambient temperature etc. are crossed, more accurately, easily monitors distribution transformer
Device hottest spot temperature.Technical proposal that the invention solves the above-mentioned problems be the following steps are included:
The first step utilizes formula (1) calculating transformer top layer oil timeconstantτoil:
In formula, mAIt is the quality of iron core and winding, c1It is the equivalent specific heat appearance of iron core and winding, is taken as 0.132J/ (kg
℃)；mTIt is the quality of fuel tank and attachment, c2It is the equivalent specific heat appearance of fuel tank and attachment, is taken as 0.0882J/ (kg DEG C)；mOIt is
Oily quality, c in fuel tank3It is that equivalent specific heat oily in fuel tank holds, is taken as 0.4J/ (kg DEG C)；Pload,ratedIt is nominal load damage
It consumes (can be obtained by conventional transformer short-circuit test), Pno-loadIt is no-load loss (can be obtained by conventional transformer no-load test)；Δ
θoil,ratedIt is specified top layer oil versus environmental temperature rise；K is load factor；For distribution transformer, transformer oil index x is taken
0.75。
Second step utilizes formula (2) calculating transformer winding timeconstantτw:
In formula, mWIt is the quality of winding, c0It is the specific heat capacity of winding coiling metal；gratedIt is that winding is average under nominal load
Temperature is to the gradient of oily mean temperature (that is: the difference of winding mean temperature and oily mean temperature under nominal load, temperature when can be by dispatching from the factory
It rises test to know)；For distribution transformer, transformer winding index y takes 1.5.
Third step utilizes the hot spot coefficient of following formula calculating transformer:
Re indicates the Reynolds number of winding area in above formula, and for this specific region of winding, expression formula is as follows:
Wherein, WductFor the width (that is: the radial distance of winding and side insulating cylinder) of the vertical oil duct in winding area, vave
It is the average oil stream speed of vertical oil duct, ρoilIt is the density of transformer oil, μoilIt is the dynamic viscosity of transformer oil；Coefficient aiAgain
It can be determined by following formula:
Coefficient b11,b12,b13,b21,b22,b23,b31,b32,b33,b41,b42,b43Value be 0.0217 respectively ,-
0.3199,1.0633,-0.0898,0.6795,-1.7344,0.0931,-0.4571,0.9839,-0.0300,0.0896,
0.0408.Similarly, Pr indicates the Prandtl number of winding area, and for this specific region of winding, expression formula is as follows:
Wherein, coilIt is the specific heat capacity of transformer oil, koilIt is the thermal conductivity of transformer oil.
4th step collects and records environment temperature θamb(the real time data etc. that can be provided by external thermometer, meteorological department
Obtain), while the winding current that record is monitored by current sensor, corresponding load factor K are acquired by following formula:
In formula, IRIt is the rated current of distribution transformer, the winding current inscribed when I is a certain.
Each intermediate parameter acquired in the first step, second step and third step is introduced into hot(test)-spot temperature and calculates mould by the 5th step
Type, such as following formula:
In formula, θoilIt is top-oil temperature, θhsIt is hot(test)-spot temperature, θambIt is environment temperature.
6th step, the environment temperature θ changed over time that the 4th step is obtainedamb, load factor K bring into the 5th step calculate mould
Type is to get required top-oil temperature θoil, hottest spot temperature θhs。
A kind of distribution transformer hottest spot temperature intelligent monitoring method of the present invention, has the advantage that
1) all input parameters are design parameter or factory parameter, avoid such as hottest spot temperature with respect to top-oil temperature
This parameter for being difficult to know of gradient；
2) method has taken into account transformer body design parameter and operating status, ensure that the dynamic of the hot(test)-spot temperature finally obtained
The validity of stable state.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is monitoring flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further explained with specific implementation process with reference to the accompanying drawing.It is emphasized that this place
The specific implementation case of description is only used to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention the model of design and its claim
It encloses.
The first step utilizes formula (1) calculating transformer top layer oil timeconstantτoil, the input parameter of exemplary transformer are as follows: mA
For 650kg, mTFor 150kg, mOFor 300kg, Pload,ratedFor 12kW, Pno-loadFor 3.5kW；Δθoil,ratedIt is 41 DEG C；And by x
0.75 is taken to bring into.Therefore formula (1) is variable are as follows:
Second step utilizes formula (2) calculating transformer winding timeconstantτw, the input parameter of exemplary transformer are as follows: mWFor
350kg, c0For 385J/ (kg DEG C)；gratedIt is 16 DEG C；And 1.5 are taken to bring into y.Therefore formula (2) is variable are as follows:
Third step, it is first determined the Reynolds number of winding area, the input parameter of exemplary transformer are as follows: WductFor 5mm, vave
For 9mm/s, ρoilFor 866kg/m3, μoilFor 0.0128Pas.Therefore formula (4) is variable are as follows:
Next the Prandtl number of winding area, the input parameter of exemplary transformer are as follows: c are determinedoilFor 1745.2J/
(kg DEG C), koilFor 0.132W/ (mK).Therefore formula (6) is variable are as follows:
Formula (11) and formula (12) are taken back into formula (5) and formula (3), can obtain hot spot coefficient H is 1.67.
4th step brings formula (9), formula (10) and hot spot coefficient 1.67 into formula (8), and at this time: input quantity is environment temperature
θamb, load factor K, output quantity be top-oil temperature θoil, hottest spot temperature θhs；To complete the monitoring of hottest spot temperature.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of distribution transformer hottest spot temperature intelligent monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
The first step utilizes following formula calculating transformer top layer oil timeconstantτoil:
In formula, mAIt is the quality of iron core and winding, c1It is the equivalent specific heat appearance of iron core and winding, is taken as 0.132J/ (kg DEG C)；
mTIt is the quality of fuel tank and attachment, c2It is the equivalent specific heat appearance of fuel tank and attachment, is taken as 0.0882J/ (kg DEG C)；mOIt is fuel tank
The quality of middle oil, c3It is that equivalent specific heat oily in fuel tank holds, is taken as 0.4J/ (kg DEG C)；Pload,ratedIt is nominal load loss,
It is tested and is obtained by transformer short-circuit；Pno-loadIt is no-load loss, is obtained by No-load Test of Transformer；Δθoil,ratedIt is specified negative
Carry lower top layer oil versus environmental temperature rise；K is load factor；For distribution transformer, transformer oil index x takes 0.75；
Second step utilizes following formula calculating transformer winding timeconstantτw:
In formula, mWIt is the quality of winding, c0It is the specific heat capacity of metal in winding coiling；gratedIt is the average temperature of winding under nominal load
The gradient to oily mean temperature is spent, specified temperature rise test obtains when being dispatched from the factory by transformer；For distribution transformer, transformer winding
Index y takes 1.5；
Third step utilizes the hot spot coefficient H of following formula calculating transformer:
Re indicates the Reynolds number of winding area in above formula, and for this specific region of winding, expression formula is as follows:
Wherein, WductFor the width of the vertical oil duct in winding area, vaveIt is the average oil stream speed of vertical oil duct, ρoilIt is transformer
The density of oil, μoilIt is the dynamic viscosity of transformer oil；Coefficient aiIt is determined by following formula:
Coefficient b11,b12,b13,b21,b22,b23,b31,b32,b33,b41,b42,b43Value be 0.0217, -0.3199 respectively,
1.0633,-0.0898,0.6795,-1.7344,0.0931,-0.4571,0.9839,-0.0300,0.0896,0.0408；Pr
Indicate the Prandtl number of winding area, for this specific region of winding, expression formula is as follows:
Wherein, coilIt is the specific heat capacity of transformer oil, koilIt is the thermal conductivity of transformer oil；
4th step collects and records environment temperature θamb, while the winding current that record is monitored by current sensor, it is corresponding negative
COEFFICIENT K is carried to be acquired by following formula:
In formula, IRIt is the rated current of distribution transformer, the winding current inscribed when I is a certain；
Each intermediate parameter acquired in the first step, second step and third step is introduced into hot(test)-spot temperature computation model, such as by the 5th step
Following formula:
In formula, θoilIt is top-oil temperature, θhsIt is hot(test)-spot temperature, θambIt is environment temperature；
6th step, the environment temperature θ changed over time that the 4th step is obtainedamb, load factor K substitute into the 5th step computation model, i.e.,
Obtain required top-oil temperature θoil, hottest spot temperature θhs。
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106680627A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-17 | 西南交通大学 | Method for determining transformer winding time constant on the condition of different load coefficients |
| CN106706164A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-24 | 西南交通大学 | Traction transformer hot-spot temperature monitoring method based on relative thermal time constants |
| CN107942163A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-04-20 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司 | It is a kind of it is extremely cold under the conditions of large-scale power transformer load capacity evaluation method |
-
2018
- 2018-10-18 CN CN201811214718.5A patent/CN109269673A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106680627A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-17 | 西南交通大学 | Method for determining transformer winding time constant on the condition of different load coefficients |
| CN106706164A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-24 | 西南交通大学 | Traction transformer hot-spot temperature monitoring method based on relative thermal time constants |
| CN107942163A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-04-20 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司 | It is a kind of it is extremely cold under the conditions of large-scale power transformer load capacity evaluation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王路伽等: "过负载启动对牵引变压器热点动态温升的影响", 《中国电机工程学报》 * |
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