CN109269632B - Intelligent real-time monitoring system for arch dam for water conservancy and hydropower engineering - Google Patents

Intelligent real-time monitoring system for arch dam for water conservancy and hydropower engineering Download PDF

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CN109269632B
CN109269632B CN201811211535.8A CN201811211535A CN109269632B CN 109269632 B CN109269632 B CN 109269632B CN 201811211535 A CN201811211535 A CN 201811211535A CN 109269632 B CN109269632 B CN 109269632B
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GAOTANG Rongzhi Rongzhi Technology Service Co.,Ltd.
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01HMEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H17/00Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0428Safety, monitoring
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08CTRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
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    • G05B2219/26Pc applications
    • G05B2219/2612Data acquisition interface

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Abstract

The invention discloses an arch dam intelligent real-time monitoring system for water conservancy and hydropower engineering, which comprises a vibration monitoring wireless sensor network, storage equipment and a data analysis center, wherein the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network is connected with the storage equipment; the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network is used for acquiring vibration data of important positions of the arch dam; transmitting vibration data collected by the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network to the data analysis center and a storage device, wherein the storage device is configured to store the vibration data; and the data analysis center processes the vibration data to obtain vibration displacement curves at different positions, and the monitoring of the arch dam is realized by analyzing the vibration displacement curves.

Description

Intelligent real-time monitoring system for arch dam for water conservancy and hydropower engineering
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent monitoring of water conservancy and hydropower, in particular to an arch dam intelligent real-time monitoring system for water conservancy and hydropower engineering.
Background
In the related technology, the monitoring of the arch dam mainly comprises deformation monitoring, seepage and seepage pressure monitoring, stress strain monitoring, gap opening and closing degree monitoring, temperature monitoring and the like. The monitoring is basically static or quasi-static monitoring, a static method is still applicable to the stability of a dam abutment and the integral displacement of a dam body, but for the conditions of internal stress strain and gap opening and closing degree reflecting the arching condition of the arch dam, the static monitoring is difficult to master the instantaneous change of the working state of the arch dam and the evolution process along with time, and the arching failure caused by the instantaneous arching failure and the crack accumulation effect of the arch dam threatens the safe operation of the arch dam.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide an arch dam intelligent real-time monitoring system for water conservancy and hydropower engineering.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an arch dam intelligent real-time monitoring system for water conservancy and hydropower engineering comprises a vibration monitoring wireless sensor network, a storage device and a data analysis center; the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network is used for acquiring vibration data of important positions of the arch dam; transmitting vibration data collected by the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network to the data analysis center and a storage device, wherein the storage device is configured to store the vibration data; and the data analysis center processes the vibration data to obtain vibration displacement curves at different positions, and the monitoring of the arch dam is realized by analyzing the vibration displacement curves.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through setting up vibration monitoring wireless sensor network, storage device and data analysis center, discover in time the damage that the arch dam probably produced, find out the damage position fast to adopt various engineering measures to restore and consolidate, and this system has the form simply, construction convenience, easy to maintain, engineering cost is low, operation management convenient characteristics, can realize remote control during operation.
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The invention is further described by using the drawings, but the application scenarios in the drawings do not limit the invention in any way, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the following drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an arch dam monitoring system for hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the unit connections of a data analysis center in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the system comprises a vibration monitoring wireless sensor network 1, a storage device 2, a data analysis center 3, a data preprocessing unit 31, a data analysis unit 32, a data evaluation unit 33 and a data display unit 34.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an arch dam monitoring system for water conservancy and hydropower engineering, including a vibration monitoring wireless sensor network 1, a storage device 2 and a data analysis center 3; the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network 1 is used for acquiring vibration data of important positions of the arch dam; the vibration data collected by the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network 1 are transmitted to the storage device 2 for storage, and are sent to the data analysis center 3.
And the data analysis center 3 processes the vibration data to obtain vibration displacement curves at different positions, and the monitoring of the arch dam is realized by analyzing the vibration displacement curves.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network 1, the storage device 2 and the data analysis center 3 are arranged, so that the possible damage of the arch dam can be found in time, and the damaged position can be found out quickly, so that various engineering measures can be adopted for repairing and reinforcing.
The vibration data are acquired through the wireless sensor network, wiring is not needed, and monitoring is real-time and convenient.
Preferably, the important positions comprise arch dam sections, construction transverse seams, surface holes, middle holes, crown arches, arch crown beams, 1/4 crown arch axis position beams and 3/4 crown arch axis position beams. Further, the significant positions further comprise downstream dam faces of center points of dam sections of corresponding arch at 1/8 axial positions, 3/8 axial positions, 5/8 axial positions and 7/8 axial positions of the crown arch.
The preferred embodiment sets the important position of the arch dam to be monitored, so that the monitoring is more relative.
Preferably, the data analysis center 3 includes a data preprocessing unit 31, a data analysis unit 32, a data evaluation unit 33 and a data display unit 34, which are connected in sequence, wherein the data preprocessing unit 31 is used for preprocessing vibration data; the data analysis unit 32 is used for analyzing and processing the preprocessed vibration data to obtain a vibration displacement curve of the important position of the arch dam; the data evaluation unit 33 is configured to perform health analysis on the vibration displacement curve, judge whether the vibration displacement of the important position of the arch dam is in a healthy state, and output a healthy state result of the important position of the arch dam; the data display unit 34 is used for displaying the health status result of the important position of the arch dam.
The preferred embodiment builds the unit architecture of the data analysis center 3.
The vibration monitoring wireless sensor network 1 comprises a single sink node, four relay nodes and a plurality of sensor nodes, wherein the single sink node, the four relay nodes and the plurality of sensor nodes are deployed in a monitoring area, the sensor nodes are specifically arranged at important positions of an arch dam, and the distances between the four relay nodes and the sink nodes are the same and can be directly communicated with the sink nodes; the sensor node adjusts the communication distance of the sensor node according to the current residual energy, when the distance between the sensor node and the nearest relay node is smaller than the communication distance, the sensor node directly communicates with the nearest relay node, otherwise, the sensor node selects the next hop from the neighbor nodes of the sensor node and directly communicates with the next hop, and the neighbor nodes are other sensor nodes positioned in the communication range of the sensor node; the relay node receives the vibration data sent by the sensor node, sends the received vibration data to the sink node, and then the sink node sends the vibration data to the storage device 2 and the data analysis center 3.
In a preferred embodiment, the sensor node adjusts its communication distance according to the current remaining energy, including:
(1) the adjustable communication distance range of the sensor node is set as [ H ]min,Hmax],HminMinimum communication distance adjustable for sensor node, HmaxThe sensor node adjusts the maximum communication distance for the sensor node, and the sensor node initially adjusts the communication distance to be Hmax
(2) The sensor node updates the communication distance of the sensor node according to the current residual energy at regular intervals, and the updating formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001832563040000031
in the formula, Hi(e) Communication distance, H, updated for sensor node i in the e-th periodi(e-1) is the communication distance, W, of the sensor node i after the update in the e-1 th periodi(e-1) is the current residual energy, W, of the sensor node i during the e-1 cycle updatei(e) Is composed ofCurrent residual energy, W, of sensor node i at the e-th periodic updatei0Is the initial energy of sensor node i, WminIs a predetermined minimum energy value, v is a predetermined energy factor, and 0<v<1;
(3) If the updated communication distance is less than HminAdjusting the communication distance of the sensor node to be HminAnd the communication distance is not updated any more.
In the embodiment, the sensor nodes are arranged to adjust the communication distance of the sensor nodes according to the current residual energy, and a communication distance updating formula of the sensor nodes is innovatively arranged, and the communication distance is shortened along with the reduction of the current residual energy of the sensor nodes by the formula, so that the communication range of the sensor nodes is limited, and the reduction of the communication energy consumption of the sensor nodes is facilitated. The embodiment further sets the communication distance of the sensor node to be less than H when the updated communication distance is less than HminWhen the communication distance is adjusted to be HminRealizing that the sensor node is in the range [ H ]min,Hmax]And the communication distance in the sensor node is adjusted, so that the situation that the sensor node cannot realize effective communication with an adjacent sensor node due to the excessively short communication distance is avoided.
In one embodiment, the sensor node selects a next hop from its neighbor nodes, specifically: and the sensor node determines the communication weight of each neighbor node and selects the neighbor node with the maximum communication weight as the next hop.
Wherein the communication weight is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001832563040000032
in the formula, GijRepresents the communication weight, D, of the jth neighbor node of the sensor node ijtIs the distance between the jth neighbor node and the tth relay node, DitIs the distance between the sensor node i and the t-th relay node, HjIs the current communication distance, H, of the jth neighbor nodeminMinimum communication distance adjustable for sensor node, HmaxAdjustable for sensor nodeLarge communication distance, s1、s2Is a preset weight coefficient.
In this embodiment, the sensor node selects, as the next hop, the neighbor node with the largest communication weight among the neighbor nodes, where a calculation formula of the communication weight is innovatively provided, and it can be known from the calculation formula that the neighbor node with a closer distance to each relay node and a larger communication distance has a higher probability of being selected as the next hop.
The embodiment selects the next hop based on the communication weight, can optimize the communication routing path of the sensor node as much as possible, and shortens the distance of vibration data transmission, thereby reducing the energy consumption in the aspect of vibration data transmission and further reducing the vibration data acquisition cost of the system.
In one embodiment, each relay node has a mobile function, the sink node periodically collects energy information of each relay node and each sensor node, and calculates the energy density of the relay node and the sensor node directly communicating with the relay node according to the energy information; the energy density of the relay node a is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001832563040000041
in the formula, LaFor the energy density of the relay node a, WabCurrent remaining energy, n, for the b-th sensor node in direct communication with the relay node aaNumber of sensor nodes for direct communication with relay node a, HaThe communication distance of the relay node a;
the energy density of the sensor node is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001832563040000042
in the formula, LabEnergy density, W, of the b-th sensor node in direct communication with the relay node abcThe current residual energy, n, of the c-th neighbor node of the b-th sensor nodebThe number of neighbor nodes of the b-th sensor node, HbThe communication distance of the b-th sensor node;
when the energy density of any relay node a is smaller than the average energy density of the sensor nodes directly communicating with the relay node a, the sink node calculates the average residual energy of all the sensor nodes directly communicating with the relay node a, and in the sensor nodes directly communicating with the relay node a, the sensor nodes with the current residual energy larger than the average residual energy are used as reference nodes, the gravity center positions of all the reference nodes are calculated, and a moving instruction is sent to the relay node a, wherein the moving instruction comprises the information of the gravity center positions, and the relay node a moves to the gravity center positions after receiving the moving instruction;
wherein, the position coordinate of the c-th reference node which directly communicates with the relay node a is set as (x) by taking the sink node as an originak,yak,zak) Then, the calculation formula of the gravity center positions of all the reference nodes in direct communication with the relay node a is:
Figure BDA0001832563040000051
in the formula, OaPosition of center of gravity, q, for all reference nodes in direct communication with the relay node aaThe number of reference nodes which directly communicate with the relay node a.
The sensor nodes near the relay node not only transmit the vibration data collected by the sensor nodes, but also relay and forward the vibration data of other sensor nodes, so that more vibration data are transmitted by the sensor nodes near the relay node than by the sensor nodes far away from the relay node, and thus energy holes are easily generated near the relay node.
Based on this problem, when the energy density of any relay node a is smaller than the average energy density of the sensor nodes in direct communication therewith, the present embodiment will shift the relay node a to the position of the center of gravity of all the reference nodes in direct communication therewith.
The embodiment can avoid that the relay node moves to the sensor node with higher energy as much as possible, and is beneficial to enabling the sensor node with lower energy nearby not to bear the relay task due to the change of the distance, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the sensor node with lower energy nearby and effectively avoiding the energy void phenomenon.
Finally, it should be noted that the above application scenarios are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred application scenarios, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An arch dam intelligent real-time monitoring system for water conservancy and hydropower engineering is characterized by comprising a vibration monitoring wireless sensor network, storage equipment and a data analysis center; the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network is used for acquiring vibration data of important positions of the arch dam; transmitting vibration data collected by the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network to the data analysis center and a storage device, wherein the storage device is configured to store the vibration data; the data analysis center processes the vibration data to obtain vibration displacement curves at different positions, and the monitoring of the arch dam is realized by analyzing the vibration displacement curves; the vibration monitoring wireless sensor network comprises a single sink node, four relay nodes and a plurality of sensor nodes, wherein the single sink node, the four relay nodes and the plurality of sensor nodes are deployed in a monitoring area, the sensor nodes are specifically arranged at important positions of an arch dam, and the distances between the four relay nodes and the sink nodes are the same and can be directly communicated with the sink nodes; the sensor node adjusts the communication distance of the sensor node according to the current residual energy, when the distance between the sensor node and the nearest relay node is smaller than the communication distance, the sensor node directly communicates with the nearest relay node, otherwise, the sensor node selects the next hop from the neighbor nodes of the sensor node and directly communicates with the next hop, and the neighbor nodes are other sensor nodes positioned in the communication range of the sensor node; the relay node receives the vibration data sent by the sensor node, sends the received vibration data to the sink node, and then sends the vibration data to the storage device and the data analysis center by the sink node; the sensor node selects the next hop from the neighbor nodes, specifically: the sensor node determines the communication weight of each neighbor node, and selects the neighbor node with the maximum communication weight as the next hop;
wherein the communication weight is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002699629680000011
in the formula, GijRepresents the communication weight, D, of the jth neighbor node of the sensor node ijtIs the distance between the jth neighbor node and the tth relay node, DitIs the distance between the sensor node i and the t-th relay node, HjIs the current communication distance, H, of the jth neighbor nodeminMinimum communication distance adjustable for sensor node, HmaxMaximum communication distance, s, adjustable for sensor nodes1、s2Is a preset weight coefficient;
each relay node has a mobile function, the sink node regularly collects energy information of each relay node and each sensor node, and calculates the energy density of the relay node and the sensor node directly communicating with the relay node according to the energy information; the energy density of the relay node a is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002699629680000012
in the formula, LaFor the energy density of the relay node a, WabCurrent remaining energy, n, for the b-th sensor node in direct communication with the relay node aaNumber of sensor nodes for direct communication with relay node a, HaThe communication distance of the relay node a;
the energy density of the sensor node is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002699629680000021
in the formula, LabEnergy density, W, of the b-th sensor node in direct communication with the relay node abcThe current residual energy, n, of the c-th neighbor node of the b-th sensor nodebThe number of neighbor nodes of the b-th sensor node, HbThe communication distance of the b-th sensor node;
when the energy density of any relay node a is smaller than the average energy density of the sensor nodes directly communicating with the relay node a, the sink node calculates the average residual energy of all the sensor nodes directly communicating with the relay node a, and in the sensor nodes directly communicating with the relay node a, the sensor nodes with the current residual energy larger than the average residual energy are used as reference nodes, the gravity center positions of all the reference nodes are calculated, and a moving instruction is sent to the relay node a, wherein the moving instruction comprises the information of the gravity center positions, and the relay node a moves to the gravity center positions after receiving the moving instruction;
wherein, the position coordinate of the c-th reference node which directly communicates with the relay node a is set as (x) by taking the sink node as an originak,yak,zak) Then, the calculation formula of the gravity center positions of all the reference nodes in direct communication with the relay node a is:
Figure FDA0002699629680000022
in the formula, OaPosition of center of gravity, q, for all reference nodes in direct communication with the relay node aaThe number of reference nodes which directly communicate with the relay node a.
2. An arch dam intelligent real-time monitoring system for water conservancy and hydropower engineering according to claim 1, wherein the important positions comprise an arch dam section, a construction transverse seam, a surface hole, a middle hole, a top arch, an arch crown beam, an 1/4 top arch axis position beam and a 3/4 top arch axis position beam.
3. An arch dam intelligent real-time monitoring system for water conservancy and hydropower engineering according to claim 2, wherein the important positions further comprise downstream dam surfaces corresponding to the center points of the dam sections of the arch at 1/8, 3/8, 5/8 and 7/8 axial positions of the crown arch.
4. The intelligent real-time monitoring system for the arch dam of the water conservancy and hydropower engineering is characterized in that the data analysis center comprises a data preprocessing unit, a data analysis unit, a data evaluation unit and a data display unit which are connected in sequence, wherein the data preprocessing unit is used for preprocessing vibration data; the data analysis unit is used for analyzing and processing the preprocessed vibration data to obtain a vibration displacement curve of the important position of the arch dam; the data evaluation unit is used for carrying out health analysis on the vibration displacement curve, judging whether the vibration displacement of the important position of the arch dam is in a health state or not and outputting a health state result of the important position of the arch dam; and the data display unit is used for displaying the health state result of the important position of the arch dam.
5. An arch dam intelligent real-time monitoring system for water conservancy and hydropower engineering according to claim 1, wherein the sensor node adjusts the communication distance thereof according to the current residual energy, and comprises:
(1) the adjustable communication distance range of the sensor node is set as [ H ]min,Hmax],HminMinimum communication distance adjustable for sensor node, HmaxThe sensor node adjusts the maximum communication distance for the sensor node, and the sensor node initially adjusts the communication distance to be Hmax
(2) The sensor node updates the communication distance of the sensor node according to the current residual energy at regular intervals, and the updating formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002699629680000031
in the formula, Hi(e) Communication distance, H, updated for sensor node i in the e-th periodi(e-1) is the communication distance, W, of the sensor node i after the update in the e-1 th periodi(e-1) is the current residual energy, W, of the sensor node i during the e-1 cycle updatei(e) Is the current remaining energy, W, of the sensor node i at the e-th periodic updatei0Is the initial energy of sensor node i, WminIs a predetermined minimum energy value, v is a predetermined energy factor, and 0<v<1;
(3) If the updated communication distance is less than HminAdjusting the communication distance of the sensor node to be HminAnd the communication distance is not updated any more.
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