CN109268004A - A kind of coupling of shale gas reservoir dielectric structure and seam net form state sentence knowledge method - Google Patents
A kind of coupling of shale gas reservoir dielectric structure and seam net form state sentence knowledge method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 12
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of coupling of shale gas reservoir dielectric structure and seam net form state sentences knowledge method, belongs to petroleum and natural gas production technique field.This method splits experiment first with improved Brazil's pressure and carries out crushing test to shale core, and opposite joint net form state is classified；Secondly the rock core for carrying out different fracture patterns carries out shale matrix-fissured structure and stress sensitivity experiment is tested；Again, the stress sensitive constant range of different seam net form states is sought according to laboratory core data；Finally, tested based on laboratory core stress sensitivity, it is practical in conjunction with production, it draws seam net form state and sentences knowledge plate.The plate can be applied to practical fractured well, is directly sentenced by real-time effective stress and normalization flow and knows fracturing fracture form, to shale gas reservoir volume fracturing implementation result and formulate development system with far reaching significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to petroleum and natural gas production technique field, particularly relate to a kind of shale gas reservoir dielectric structure coupling and
Seam net form state sentences knowledge method.
Background technique
China's natural gas external dependence degree is up to 39% within 2017, it is contemplated that 2035 close to 50%, country faced severe
Oil gas safety problem.China's shale gas reservoir is resourceful, Chinese about 36,000,000,000,000 cubes of amount of the shale gas mining resources by 2017
Rice accounts for about the whole world 20%.Compared with external shale gas reservoir, China's shale gas reservoir have bury it is deep (generally at 1500~4000 meters,
Most as deep as 6950 meters), permeability low (permeability is in 0.01~1mD), microcrack development, multiple dimensioned flow mechanism complexity spy
Point.
Reservoir fracturing improvement is the major way for improving shale gas reservoir development effectiveness, promotes to be formed in shale reservoir and receives micron
The multiple dimensioned slit network of hole-microcrack-man-made fracture composition, therefore there are strong nonlinearity flow characteristics in shale gas reservoir.
In shale reservoir recovery process, nano-micron pore gap, microcrack, man-made fracture structure are by seepage field, stress field coupling, mechanism
It is complicated, non-linear strong, it there is no observation at present and monitor the technology and method of fracture pattern, therefore need to establish shale gas reservoir multiple
Medium couples and seam net form state sentence knowledge method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of couplings of shale gas reservoir dielectric structure and seam net form state to sentence knowledge side
Method.
It is as follows that the method comprising the steps of:
(1) opposite joint net form state is classified: experiment is split using improved Brazil's pressure, and crushing test is carried out to shale core, it will
Fracturing fracture Form division are as follows: tree-shaped seam net, pinniform seam net, tufted seam net and netted seam net；Wherein, improved Brazil's pressure splits reality
It tests as institute in patent of invention " a kind of the crack extensive diagnostic device and analysis method of shale core " (CN201410548672.6)
The method of record；
(2) it carries out shale matrix-fissured structure and tests test from stress sensitivity: different crack shapes in selection step (1)
The rock core of state (is set effective stress range as 4MPa~22MPa) and carries out shale matrix-fissured structure by rock core displacement test
It tests and tests with stress sensitivity, record core permeability, effective stress parameter(s)；
(3) the stress sensitive constant of different seam net form states is sought: according to fracture pattern rock cores different in step (2) in difference
Permeability and effective stress parameter(s) under stress condition are fitted experimental data in the form of exponential function, and it is quick to seek stress
Feel constant；
(4) draw seam net form state and sentence knowledge plate: the measured stress of four kinds of seam net form states according to obtained in step (3) is sensitive
Constant establishes effective stress and produces the model of well yield, and by flow parameter normalized, ultimately forms seam net form state and sentence
Know plate.
Wherein, experimental data is fitted in step (3) in the form of exponential function specifically:
According to the method for effective stress, the mathematic(al) representation of effective stress and permeability variation rate are as follows:
K=K0e-b(σ-αp),
In formula: σ is overlying formation pressure, unit MPa；P is reservoir pore pressure, unit MPa；α is effective stress
Coefficient；K0Rock permeability when for effective stress being zero, unit 10-3μm2；K is the infiltration under the conditions of any strata pressure
Rate, unit 10-3μm2；B is stress sensitive constant, unit Mpa-1；Wherein, shale reservoir has microcrack development characteristics, α
Take 1.
Stress sensitivity constant b is to discriminate between the foundation of seam net form state, since in actual production process, K and Q (work as daily gas
Amount) it is positively correlated, i.e. k/k0=q/q0 can must normalize the exponential relationship of flow and effective stress；It is drawn in step (4) as a result,
It includes: to be tested based on laboratory core stress sensitivity in step (2) that seam net form state, which is sentenced and knows the process of plate, draws different seam net forms
State stress sensitivity plate, wherein abscissa is effective stress, and ordinate is normalization flow parameter.
Wherein, normalization flow parameter is same day gas production Q and daily output tolerance peak value QmaxRatio.
The advantageous effects of the above technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:
In above scheme, the plate of formation can be applied to practical fractured well, directly by real-time effective stress and returning
One change flow, which is sentenced, knows fracturing fracture form, to shale gas reservoir volume fracturing implementation result and formulates development system with far-reaching
Meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that knowledge method flow diagram is sentenced in the coupling of shale gas reservoir dielectric structure and seam net form state of the invention；
Fig. 2 is different seam net form state schematic diagrames in the present invention, wherein (a) is that pinniform stitches net, (b) stitches net for tufted, (c)
It (d) is tree-shaped seam net for netted seam net；
Fig. 3 is different seam net form state stress sensitivity indicatrixes.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
The present invention provides a kind of coupling of shale gas reservoir dielectric structure and seam net form state sentences knowledge method.
As shown in Figure 1, this method step are as follows:
(1) opposite joint net form state is classified: experiment is split using improved Brazil's pressure, and crushing test is carried out to shale core, it will
Fracturing fracture Form division are as follows: tree-shaped seam net, pinniform seam net, tufted seam net and netted seam net；
(2) it carries out shale matrix-fissured structure and tests test from stress sensitivity: different crack shapes in selection step (1)
The rock core of state carries out shale matrix-fissured structure by rock core displacement test and stress sensitivity experiment is tested, and record rock core seeps
Saturating rate, effective stress parameter(s)；
(3) the stress sensitive constant of different seam net form states is sought: according to fracture pattern rock cores different in step (2) in difference
Permeability and effective stress parameter(s) under stress condition are fitted experimental data in the form of exponential function, and it is quick to seek stress
Feel constant；
(4) draw seam net form state and sentence knowledge plate: the measured stress of four kinds of seam net form states according to obtained in step (3) is sensitive
Constant establishes effective stress and produces the model of well yield, and by flow parameter normalized, ultimately forms seam net form state and sentence
Know plate.
In specific design, the present invention bases oneself upon Chinese certain shale gas reservoir laboratory core experiment, summarizes shale gas reservoir medium
Structure Coupling and seam net form state sentence knowledge method, can carry out in this approach to the complicated seam net formed after shale gas reservoir volume fracturing
Quantization signifying is of great significance to live actual development and Predicting The Recovery Efficiency.
Specific embodiment is as follows:
(1) shale matrix-fissured structure and stress sensitivity experiment are tested
Matrix shale stress sensitive test experiments carry out at room temperature, at a normal, use nitrogen as the experiment of simulation natural gas
Gas.Confining pressure equipment is pumped using high-purity plunger piston displacement.The BP-100 air bullet that back pressure control system uses u s company to produce
Spring back-pressure valve is controlled using pinpoint accuracy Multi-stage plunger displacement pressure pump.The experimental method used is " pressure difference-flow
Method ", testing the effective stress chosen respectively is 4MPa, 5MPa, 7MPa, 9MPa, 11MPa, 13MPa, 16MPa, 19MPa,
22MPa.Experiment setting back pressure 1MPa, inlet pressure 3MPa are simultaneously kept constant.
Experimental procedure:
1. rock core is dried 50h, the bases such as measured length, diameter, weight and porosity, permeability at 70 DEG C of baking oven constant temperature
Plinth data；
2. rock core is put into core holding unit, instrument initial value zero, add confining pressure to 4MPa, and add-back is depressed into 1MPa not
Become；
3. in whole experiment process, injection pressure 3MPa is kept constant, the experiment of gas single phase fluid flow is done；
4. recording the rock sample permeability under initial effective stress when seepage state is stablized, having according to what is be pre-designed
Effect force value adjusts confining pressure, records different permeability K during confining pressure increase, measures different confining pressure effective stresses according to plan
Value gradually reduces pressure according to the pressure spot that pressure rise test is drafted, and measure permeability after reaching maximum effective stress, tests
Terminate.
Wherein, artificial fracturing rock sample permeability is larger, larger using " pressure difference-discharge method " experimental error, therefore uses and cover
Pressure hole infiltration instrument KFSY/T08-055 is tested, and Experimental Flowing Object is using High Purity Nitrogen, to selected rock core, in 105 DEG C of condition
Under, it is dried 48 hours in insulating box.Inlet outlet pressure differential is 2MPa, by measuring 4MPa, 7MPa, 14MPa, 21MPa, 27MPa.
Permeability has equally made zero dimension processing, that is, is expressed as K/K0, K0For original permeability, it is detailed in Fig. 2.
Experimental result and discussion:
Shale matrix-fissured structure is with stress sensitivity the results showed that shale permeability variation amplitude is larger, initially
Permeability is lower, and fall is bigger, is mainly determined due to the porosity distribution of rock sample, the lower rock sample of permeability is flat
Equal pore radius is also smaller, and when effective stress changes, fine pore is easy to be closed and then penetrating power is caused to decline, relative to infiltration
The phenomenon that saturating big rock sample of rate is more prone to produce stress sensitive.
Empirical curve data are fitted, according to the method for effective stress, effective stress is with permeability variation rate in good
Good exponential relationship.Its mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
K=K0e-b(σ-αp)
In formula: σ is overlying formation pressure, unit MPa；P is reservoir pore pressure, unit MPa；α is effective stress
Coefficient；K0Rock permeability when for effective stress being zero, unit 10-3μm2；K is the infiltration under the conditions of any strata pressure
Rate, unit 10-3μm2；B is stress sensitive constant, unit Mpa-1, N.R.Warpinski and L.W.Teufel were in 1992
The effective stress coefficient of different porous medias is provided by testing, it is believed that the reservoir of fracture development, α → 1.Shale reservoir has micro-
Characteristics of fracture development, therefore α is approximately equal to 1.
It under the conditions of gas reservoir, is influenced by superstratum rock pressure, the hole of reservoir is in confined state, is detached from gas
After hiding condition, the pressure that rock matrix is born is eased, and the part pore channel inside reservoir will be opened or become larger.In experiment
Low effective stress section the case where cannot reflecting true reservoir, should be initially effective with prime stratum if evaluating reservoir
The stress sensitivity that pressure is starting point to test shale gas reservoir.Target area reservoir buried depth is 1600m or so, according to live ground
The data such as layer test and well logging obtain shale reservoir overlying formation pressure and pore pressure is respectively 34MPa and 25MPa or so, because
It is the effective stress starting point for evaluating reservoir that this, which should choose effective pressure 9MPa,.
Pass through index by shale rock sample all experimentss point and by the permeability of starting point and effective stress of reservoir effective stress
Function Fitting, exponential term coefficient is stress sensitive constant in formula.Stress sensitive constant is reflection porous media with stress deformation
The parameter of degree, physical property and pressure-break net morphologic correlation with rock itself.Stress is calculated based on all experimentss point
Sensitive constant is 0.101MPa-1~0.322MPa-1；Wherein, the stress sensitive constant range of different seam net form states is as shown in table 1.
The different seam net form state tables corresponding with stress sensitive constant of table 1
It is analyzed from pinniform seam, tufted seam, netted seam and four kinds of different seam net form states of tree-shaped seam, is detailed in Fig. 3.The figure
Version can be applied to practical fractured well, is directly sentenced by real-time effective stress and normalization flow and knows fracturing fracture form.
Application example:
For Chongqing shale gas reservoir horizontal well, buried depth 1600m, stratum initial pressure 35MPa, the daily output of volume fracturing initial stage
200,000 side of tolerance.Current 20,000 side of daily output tolerance, flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) 15MPa.
Be formation rock effective stress it is 20MPa according to original formation pressure and flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) conversion, produces daily up to now
Tolerance decline 90%, i.e. Q/Qmax=0.1, i.e. stress sensitive constant is 0.1151.It is determined as setting from stress sensitive constant range table
Shape stitches net, and it is tree-shaped seam net that this conclusion, which can directly be sentenced and know fracturing fracture network morphology, is not required to calculate stress sensitive constant again.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of shale gas reservoir dielectric structure coupling and seam net form state sentence knowledge method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps that
(1) opposite joint net form state is classified: being split experiment using improved Brazil's pressure and is carried out crushing test to shale core, by pressure break
Fracture pattern divides are as follows: tree-shaped seam net, pinniform seam net, tufted seam net and netted seam net；
(2) it carries out shale matrix-fissured structure and tests test from stress sensitivity: different fracture patterns in selection step (1)
Rock core carries out shale matrix-fissured structure by rock core displacement test and stress sensitivity experiment is tested, record rock core infiltration
Rate, effective stress parameter(s)；
(3) the stress sensitive constant of different seam net form states is sought: according to fracture pattern rock cores different in step (2) in different stress
Under the conditions of permeability and effective stress parameter(s), experimental data is fitted in the form of exponential function, and it is normal to seek stress sensitive
Number；
(4) draw seam net form state and sentence knowledge plate: the measured stress of four kinds of seam net form states according to obtained in step (3) is sensitive often
Number establishes effective stress and produces the model of well yield, and by flow parameter normalized, ultimately forms seam net form state and sentence knowledge
Plate.
2. shale gas reservoir dielectric structure coupling according to claim 1 and seam net form state sentence knowledge method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states and is fitted experimental data in step (3) in the form of exponential function specifically:
According to the method for effective stress, the mathematic(al) representation of effective stress and permeability variation rate are as follows:
K=K0e-b(σ-αp),
In formula: σ is overlying formation pressure, unit MPa；P is reservoir pore pressure, unit MPa；α is effective stress coefficient；
K0Rock permeability when for effective stress being zero, unit 10-3μm2；K is the permeability under the conditions of any strata pressure, single
Position is 10-3μm2；B is stress sensitive constant, unit Mpa-1；Wherein, shale reservoir has microcrack development characteristics, and α takes 1.
3. shale gas reservoir dielectric structure coupling according to claim 1 and seam net form state sentence knowledge method, it is characterised in that: institute
It includes: real based on laboratory core stress sensitivity in step (2) for stating the process that drafting seam net form state sentences knowledge plate in step (4)
It tests, draws different seam net form state stress sensitivity plates, wherein abscissa is effective stress, and ordinate is normalization flow ginseng
Number.
4. shale gas reservoir dielectric structure coupling according to claim 3 and seam net form state sentence knowledge method, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating normalization flow parameter is same day gas production and the ratio for producing tolerance peak value daily.
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| CN112417787A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-26 | 北京科技大学 | Unconventional oil reservoir two-phase relative permeability curve measuring device and method |
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| CN115749713A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-03-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Rock stratum frequency conversion pulse fracture network fracturing method and equipment |
| CN115749713B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-06-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Rock stratum variable frequency pulse seam net fracturing method and equipment |
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