CN109267982A - A kind of staged fracturing and control water completion method and tubing string, underground sliding bush switching system - Google Patents
A kind of staged fracturing and control water completion method and tubing string, underground sliding bush switching system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109267982A CN109267982A CN201710580590.3A CN201710580590A CN109267982A CN 109267982 A CN109267982 A CN 109267982A CN 201710580590 A CN201710580590 A CN 201710580590A CN 109267982 A CN109267982 A CN 109267982A
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- sliding sleeve
- sleeve
- underground
- switching system
- switching
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/066—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells electrically actuated
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of staged fracturing and control water completion method and tubing strings, underground sliding bush switching system, belong to the complete well and production technical field of oil/gas well.This method comprises: (1) running string: tubing string being lowered into predetermined position, set packer of cementing the well or build the pressure；(2) first order pressure break: building the pressure in casing, opening first order switching sliding sleeve, progress pressure break, after pressure break, builds the pressure so that switching sliding sleeve is kept it turned under static pressure；(3) tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system closes previous stage sliding sleeve, opens rear stage sliding sleeve, carries out pressure break；(4) step (3) are repeated until completing pressure breaks at different levels；(5) go into operation: tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system opens switching sliding sleeves at different levels, goes into operation；(6) control water: after the water outlet of some fracturing section of later period, tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system closes corresponding switching sliding sleeve, continues to produce rest of the interval, to realize sectional well completion function.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the complete wells and production technical field of oil/gas well, and in particular to a kind of staged fracturing and the control complete well side of water
Method and tubing string, underground sliding bush switching system.
Background technique
With the exploration and development of the unconventional petroleum resources such as shale gas, shale oil, horizontal well fracturing renovation technique quilt
Effectively implement.Reservoir fracturing improvement technology is that the horizontal wells such as shale oil gas, tight stratum are divided into multistage, then by formation breakdown
At many cracks, expand the drainage area of layer of oil gas production, the rate of oil and gas recovery is improved, to improve well yield.Horizontal well naked eye
Staged fracturing technology is one of reservoir fracturing improvement and at home and abroad unconventional oil and gas field widely promotes and applies, wherein
Flow channels are established by sliding sleeve and each section of interval.Pressure break can be carried out to different layers position by detail design in this technology,
The sliding sleeve tool for establishing flow channels in completion tubular column with stratum is one of key technology.
The multistage pitching sliding sleeve that current sectional well completion is mainly used with sliding sleeve, using the different low-density pressure break ball of diameter
It suppresses to control the unlatching of each section of sliding sleeve by well head after being shipped to sliding sleeve tee, thus realize multistage piecewise separate stratum fracfturing,
Have the advantages that it is easy for construction, at present 7 " × 41/2" casing realizes maximum 25 grades of series of partial pressure, 95/8″×51/2" set
What pipe realized maximum 30 grades of series of partial pressure, ball sealer differential 0.125 ", newest at present to have been carried out 1/16 " is differential.
Pumping composite cable bridge plug staged fracturing technique technology is segmented using the nonmetallic bridge plug of the quick tripping in of cable, and
Bridge plug tripping in can be once completed, sets, give up, multi-stage perforator, the staged fracturing of any section may be implemented, but technique is relatively multiple
It is miscellaneous.
The TAP staged fracturing well-completing process of Schlumberger installs preset fracturing sliding bush, casing external application hydraulic tube on casing
Line connects each sliding sleeve, sliding sleeves at different levels is opened step by step by putting into dartlike weapon, to realize staged fracturing.The technology theoretically may be used
It is higher to drilling well, setting of casing level requirement to realize the staged fracturing of any number of stages, but complex process.
Delay edge and basal water speed for bottom and edge water, carries out deep theoretical research both at home and abroad, and mating
The water control techniques such as inclination well spacing method, variable density perforation, cecutiency sieve ratio screen casing, center tube method, ICD tune stream water-control sieve tube, but this
A little technologies mainly both for producing pressure differential difference caused by horizontal segment mass variable flow, are reached by controlling local producing pressure differential
Balanced to horizontal segment inflow profile, to prevent the purpose of local coning, these technologies limit oil well production to a certain extent
Can, conveniently in barreler
In terms of intelligent sliding sleeve, the intelligent sliding sleeve of external Wade good fortune development may be implemented to control cunning using RFID tag
Set switch, to realize staged fracturing and segmentation water blockoff function, but due to each of which intelligent sliding sleeve band intelligence control system, communication
System, mechanical execution system, power-supply system etc., outer diameter is larger, and interior latus rectum is smaller, and single sliding sleeve higher cost, each well
It is excessively high using multiple sliding sleeve costs, therefore it is intended only as redundancy technique, and do not enter field application.
In conclusion the problem low for low-permeability oil deposit horizontal well natural production capacity, external generally to carry out multistage subsection pressure
Modification measures are split, must be developed in particular with shale gas, multistage extensive staged fracturing technique is grown rapidly, at present highest
Pressure break series has reached 40 grades, becomes the main body key technology of shale gas exploitation.Current main multistage subsection fracturing technique
There are multistage pitching sliding sleeve staged fracturing technique technology, water-jet staged fracturing technique technology, pumping composite cable bridge plug segmentation
Fracturing Technology and the TAP staged fracturing technique technology of Schlumberger etc., but all limited, interior latus rectums of pipe in the presence of segmentation series
Limited, scope of construction item is limited that speed of application is slow, the different problems such as later period control production can not be carried out after volume increase construction.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned problem existing in the prior art, a kind of staged fracturing is provided and control water is complete
Well method and tubing string, underground sliding bush switching system, segments or arbitrary number of level segmentation as much as possible, multistage subsection pressing crack construction connect
Continuous to carry out, simple and reliable process, complete well is at low cost, can be achieved at the same time staged fracturing, segmentation control water, the multistage of branch horizontal well
Sectional well completion.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of staged fracturing and control water completion method, comprising:
(1) running string: being lowered into predetermined position for tubing string, set packer of cementing the well or build the pressure；
(2) first order pressure break: building the pressure in casing, opening first order switching sliding sleeve, progress pressure break, after pressure break, builds the pressure
So that switching sliding sleeve is kept it turned under static pressure；
(3) tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system closes previous stage sliding sleeve, opens rear stage sliding sleeve, carries out pressure break；
(4) step (3) are repeated until completing pressure breaks at different levels；
(5) go into operation: tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system opens switching sliding sleeves at different levels, goes into operation；
(6) control water: after the water outlet of some fracturing section of later period, tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system closes corresponding switching sliding sleeve
It closes, continues to produce rest of the interval, to realize sectional well completion function.
The step (3) is achieved in that
After the completion of previous stage pressure break, the tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system out of casing judges roughly well by cable length
After low sleeve switching system descended previous stage switching sliding sleeve, operation underground sliding bush switching system pump cup is retracted, then on
Underground sliding bush switching system is proposed, judges underground sliding bush switching system in place using the audiolocator in underground sliding bush switching system
Stop above mentioning, then operates underground sliding bush switching system, open two operation pawls, bite casing and sliding sleeve inner wall respectively, so
Rotation process pawl afterwards closes previous stage switching sliding sleeve；
Then it above mentions at underground sliding bush switching system to rear stage switching sliding sleeve, stops above mentioning underground sliding bush switching after positioning
System, then underground sliding bush switching system is operated, two operation pawls are opened, bite casing and sliding sleeve inner wall respectively, then rotation behaviour
Make pawl, opens rear stage switching sliding sleeve；
Recovery operation pawl will propose ground in underground sliding bush switching system, pressure break carried out out of casing.
It realizes above-mentioned staged fracturing and controls the tubing string of water completion method, including the multiple groups switching sliding sleeve by casing connection and determine
Bit flag pipe nipple, the switching sliding sleeve and witness marker pipe nipple in every group are directly connected to；
Mark slot is provided on the witness marker pipe nipple；
The switching sliding sleeve includes sequentially connected top connection, housing and lower contact；
It is provided with sealing inner sleeve in the inner cavity of the housing, is provided with sliding sleeve lead screw in the inner cavity of sealing inner sleeve；
Fracturing fluid recirculation hole is provided on the wall of the housing；
The sliding sleeve lead screw is tubular structure, and both ends are respectively by the step of the step of top connection lower part and lower contact top
It withstands；External screw thread is equipped in the lower part of the sliding sleeve lead screw；
It is clearance fit between the sliding sleeve lead screw and sealing inner sleeve；The lower part of the sealing inner sleeve is equipped with internal screw thread, should
Internal screw thread is engaged with the external screw thread on sliding sleeve lead screw；
The lower part of the sealing inner sleeve is provided with and its axial parallel guide groove；
Anti-rotation pin is installed in the lower part of the housing, the protruding parts of the anti-rotation pin are located at the guide groove
It is interior；
Band dynamic sealing inner sleeve is axially moveable the sliding sleeve lead screw when rotated, to realize the closing of recirculation hole or beat
It opens, recirculation hole is by sealing inner sleeve security seal at this time.Hole uniformly distributed in the circumferential is provided on sliding sleeve lead screw, to the size in the hole
As long as the gross area for meeting hole with quantity meets overcurrent requirement.
Outer put on is provided with 6~10 uniformly distributed fracturing fluid recirculation holes in the circumferential；When pressure break, fracturing fluid is from inside
It flows on external (stratum), oil gas flows into inside from outside when production.
The fracturing fluid recirculation hole is slotted hole, and length direction is parallel to the axial direction of housing.
Hole is all flow channels on hole and outer set on sliding sleeve lead screw, is not strict with to its size, but usually want
High discharge capacity when asking its gross area not to pressure break generates big throttling.
Two groups of O-ring seals are installed at the both ends of the outer surface of the sealing inner sleeve, when sliding sleeve is closed, two groups O-shaped close
Seal is located on outer set above and below fracturing fluid recirculation hole；
Axial spacing between two groups of O-ring seals is 20-40mm bigger than the length of fracturing fluid recirculation hole on outer set；
The lower end of the top connection is inserted into the upper lumen of housing, and is connected through a screw thread with the top of housing,
The junction of the two is provided with O-ring seal；
The lower part of the housing is inserted into the inner cavity of lower contact, and is connected through a screw thread with the top of lower contact, two
The junction of person is provided with O-ring seal.
A kind of underground sliding bush switching system for opening and closing the switching sliding sleeve, including audiolocator and automatically controlled
Sliding sleeve switch instrument, the audiolocator and automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument are connected directly, and distance between the two is equal to positioning
Indicate the distance between mark slot and the switching sliding sleeve on pipe nipple；
The downhole electric control sliding sleeve switch instrument includes sequentially connected casing clenching mechanism, sliding sleeve rotating mechanism and sliding sleeve
Clenching mechanism；
Described sleeve pipe clenching mechanism and sliding sleeve clenching mechanism are arranged in mirror symmetry, include power device, feed screw nut
Secondary and operation pawl；The screw pair drives the operation pawl to open or retract；
The sliding sleeve rotating mechanism includes rotating electric machine and third connector, and the rotating electric machine passes through third connector band
Move the operation pawl rotation in the sliding sleeve clenching mechanism.
The power device of described sleeve pipe clenching mechanism and sliding sleeve clenching mechanism includes: motor, retarder, bindiny mechanism；
The screw pair includes: transmission shaft, transmission nut, the first connector；Spiral shell is provided on the transmission shaft
Line forms lead screw, and transmission shaft and transmission nut constitute screw pair；
The motor is connect with retarder, and the output shaft of retarder is connected by one end of bindiny mechanism and transmission shaft；Institute
The middle part for stating the inner cavity of the first connector is small-bore section, and both ends are large aperture section, the inner wall of small-bore section and transmission shaft it is outer
Wall contact, is equipped with O-ring seal therebetween；
It is provided with rolling bearing in the large aperture section towards motor side, is equipped in the large aperture section of the other side described
Transmission nut is provided with slot on the inner wall of large aperture section, and the outer wall of transmission shaft here is equipped with screw thread, works as transmission shaft
When forward and reverse rotation, transmission nut can be moved back and forth in slot along axial direction.
The operation pawl includes support arm thrust bearing, crank block machine in actuating arm outer sleeve and the chamber that sets within it
Structure, thrust bearing fixing sleeve；
Axial hole is provided on the actuating arm outer sleeve；
The slider-crank mechanism includes the first actuating arm and the second actuating arm, and one end of first actuating arm passes through pin
Nail is connect with one end of the support arm thrust bearing, and the other end is connect by pin with one end of the second actuating arm, the second driving
The other end of arm is connect by pin with thrust bearing fixing sleeve；
The end face of the other end of the support arm thrust bearing and the end face of transmission nut are connected by compressed spring, work as transmission
When nut is axially moveable, the support arm thrust bearing is driven to be axially moveable, push the first transmission arm and the second transmission arm into
Row is radially expanded or is retracted.
The bindiny mechanism includes shaft coupling, slip ring axis, slip ring, flat key fixing sleeve；The output shaft of the retarder passes through
Shaft coupling is connect with one end of slip ring axis, and the other end of the slip ring axis is connected by one end of the flat key fixing sleeve and transmission shaft
It connects, the slip ring sleeve is on the slip ring axis.
Described sleeve pipe clenching mechanism and sliding sleeve clenching mechanism include silk plug, motor seal set and motor fixing sleeve；It is described
Silk plug is connect with one end that the motor seal covers, and the other end of the motor seal set and one end of first connector connect
It connects；
The motor fixing sleeve is mounted in the inner cavity of the motor seal set, and the power device is mounted on the motor
In fixing sleeve.
The slip ring uses via hole type slip ring, and the transmission shaft is provided with centre bore and side opening.
Motor in described sleeve pipe clenching mechanism and sliding sleeve clenching mechanism uses DC brushless motor, and the retarder uses
Planetary reducer.
The rotating electric machine in the sliding sleeve rotating mechanism is connect with retarder, the output shaft of retarder and shaft coupling
One end connection, the other end of shaft coupling are connect with one end of slip ring axis, and the other end of slip ring axis and one end of third connector connect
It connects, the inner wall of the other end of third connector is connect with the thrust bearing fixing sleeve in sliding sleeve clenching mechanism, and outer wall and sliding sleeve are stung tightly
One end of actuating arm outer sleeve in mechanism connects；
Transmission shaft in the sliding sleeve clenching mechanism is extend into the inner cavity of the third connector, is set in the two contact position
There is O-ring seal；
The rotating electric machine drives the operation pawl in sliding sleeve clenching mechanism to be rotated by third connector.
The sliding sleeve rotating mechanism includes rotating electric machine sealing shroud, and the actuating arm outer sleeve in described sleeve pipe clenching mechanism is logical
It crosses the second connector to connect with one end of rotating electric machine sealing shroud, the other end and the 4th connector of the rotating electric machine sealing shroud
One end connection, the other end of the 4th connector connect with supporting positive cover is limited；
The middle part of the inner cavity of 4th connector is small-bore section, and both ends are large aperture section；Small-bore section it is interior
Wall is contacted with the outer wall of third connector, is equipped with O-ring seal therebetween；
Rolling bearing is separately installed in the large aperture section at both ends；
Outer shaft bearing ring, bearing are sequentially installed between the inner wall of the limit supporting positive cover and the outer wall of third connector
And gasket ring；
O-ring seal is equipped in the contact position of the rotating electric machine sealing shroud and the 4th connector.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) any segments
Since sliding sleeve uses the preset sliding sleeve of full-bore, arbitrary number of level segments may be implemented, it is extensive to meet shale gas
The needs that seam network pressure is split.
(2) complete well is at low cost
Automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument can be used for multiple times, and preset shift sleeve structure is simple, do not need perforation, bore the processes such as plug,
Well cost is greatly reduced；
(3) sliding sleeve switch is intuitive and reliable
Since the automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument of complete well is by cable tripping in, itself has positioning function, current detecting, displacement detecting
Function can be visually seen sliding sleeve state, therefore can guarantee the reliability of sliding sleeve operation.
(4) pressure-resistant performance is high
Sliding sleeve uses mechanical seal, and unlike composite bridge plug or pitching sliding sleeve technology need special material, therefore sealing can
It leans on, bearing capacity is high.
(5) multistage subsection pressure break and segmentation control water needs can be met simultaneously
Sliding sleeve can use automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument multi-pass operation, therefore correspondence can be individually closed in local water logging
Sliding sleeve continues to produce rest of the interval, to realize control water function.
Detailed description of the invention
The structural schematic diagram of tubing string in Fig. 1 present invention
The structural schematic diagram of switching sliding sleeve in Fig. 2 present invention
The schematic illustration of Fig. 3 segmented well completion method of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 4 downhole electric control sliding sleeve switch instrument of the present invention
The enlarged drawing of part A in Fig. 5 Fig. 4
The enlarged drawing of part B in Fig. 6 Fig. 4
The enlarged drawing of C portion in Fig. 7 Fig. 4
The left view of Fig. 8 downhole electric control sliding sleeve switch instrument of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
For horizontal well fracturing and segmentation control water, it is mating to research and develop automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument and sliding sleeve of bushing tool etc.
Segmentation well completion technology, the technology are to be opened and closed the preset sliding sleeve in underground come real step by step using automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument
Existing, the positioning of pumping switching tools and movement are controlled by TT&C system on ground, and operate to preset sliding sleeve；It is automatically controlled to open
Pass tool uses modularized design, is divided into Transmission system, positioning system, operating system etc., realizes automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch work respectively
Underground moving, positioning and the operation sliding sleeve function of tool.
As shown in Figure 1, (preset tubing string refers to that multiple preset sliding sleeves are connected by casing to preset tubular column system, according to pre-
Positioning is set in lower going-into-well, and the later period is operated by Wan Jing robot) by multiple preset sliding sleeve 1-2 of casing connection, (i.e. switch is slided
Set) and witness marker pipe nipple 1-1 composition, sliding sleeve and pipe nipple be directly connected to, pipe nipple length be it is determining, with guarantee its indicate slot with
The distance of sliding sleeve inner sleeve is equal to the distance between locating and detecting device and sliding sleeve operation pawl of robot, in this way when detection and localization fills
It sets and detects that operation pawl just corresponds to sliding sleeve inner sleeve, to guarantee that the operation pawl of robot can accurately be bitten when indicating slot
The inner sleeve of sliding sleeve.Wherein witness marker pipe nipple is the axial casing nipple for being carved with groove, helps down-hole switch tool identification switch
Sliding sleeve accurate location；By switching tools open preset sliding sleeve can with combination of zones, carry out pressure break, closing can with stratum every
From, control water is carried out, then open and can carry out refracturing, and so on.
The switch of preset sliding sleeve carries out operation control by automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument, and wherein first order sliding sleeve is opened adopt for the first time
With the mode of building the pressure, it is possible to reduce once remove automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument operation, also facilitate the automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument in later period
It is pumped.
Underground sliding bush switching system is mainly made of audiolocator 1-3 and sliding sleeve operational instrument 1-4, and acoustic location both may be used
To accurately identify the casing nipple of cutting, and it can identify the switch state of sliding sleeve, audiolocator utilizes sonic generator (sound
Receive probe) sound wave is issued, it is received again after internal surface of sleeve pipe reflection, by transmitting and received time difference and sound wave in medium
In speed, calculate probe and the distance between borehole wall.The audiolocator and automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument are connected directly,
The distance of the two is equal to the distance of mark slot (i.e. the witness marker pipe nipple 1-11-1 of Fig. 1) and preset sliding sleeve 1-2, can protect in this way
For card when audiolocator detects mark slot, automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument is just corresponding with sliding sleeve position, to guarantee
It is enough to be accurately positioned.The auxiliary tools such as recyclable leather cup and pumping centralizer can also be added in the switching system of sliding sleeve operational instrument.It can
Recycling leather cup is opened when going into the well is adjacent to casing, facilitates the quick automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument of tripping in of pumping, in place rear ground control
Leather cup retracts, and portable cable proposes automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument in convenience；Audiolocator passes through scanning cannula inner wall, discovery positioning
After pipe nipple, that is, indicate that automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument has been accurately positioned；Sliding sleeve operational instrument controls the on and off of sliding sleeve, from
And realize pressure break step by step and control water function；Centralizer guarantees that automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument is placed in the middle in casing, avoids automatically controlled sliding sleeve
Switching tools collide with casing, while reducing automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument and removing resistance.
Ground control system is mainly made of high-voltage direct current (DC) power system, cable reel system, communication and control system.It is high
DC power system is pressed to provide power to downhole electric control sliding sleeve switch instrument, cable reel system provides the power that cable removes,
Communication and control system acquires downhole electric control sliding sleeve switch instrument signal, while controlling the movement of automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument.
Automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument segmentation well completion is as follows:
(1) the preset tubing string of tripping in
Bunch tube installs the preset sliding sleeve of a lot of, tripping in predetermined position, set packer of cementing the well or build the pressure when complete well.Wherein
Using underground sliding bush switching system switching mode, remaining is at different levels using underground using the opening that builds the pressure for the first time, later period for first order sliding sleeve
Sliding sleeve switch system switching mode, sliding sleeves at different levels are all configured with witness marker slot (the positioning mark i.e. on witness marker pipe nipple respectively
Will slot), facilitate the positioning of later period underground sliding sleeve switching system to use.
(2) first order pressure break
It builds the pressure, opens first order sliding sleeve (build the pressure sliding sleeve) in casing, carry out pressure break.After pressure break, build the pressure sliding sleeve piston
It is kept it turned under static pressure.
(3) tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system closes previous stage sliding sleeve, opens rear stage sliding sleeve, pressure break:
After the completion of first order pressure break, tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system is pumped out of casing, is sentenced roughly by cable length
After power-off control sliding sleeve switch instrument descended first order sliding sleeve, the automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument of terrestrial operation retracts pump cup, so
After slowly can above propose automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument, judge automatically controlled sliding sleeve using the audiolocator in underground sliding bush switching system
Switching tools in place i.e. stop above mentioning, then operate sliding sleeve operational instrument, respectively open two operation pawls, bite respectively casing with
Sliding sleeve inner wall, then rotation process pawl, closes first order sliding sleeve.
Then recovery operation pawl, above mentions to next stage sliding sleeve, stops above proposing underground sliding bush switching system after positioning, then grasp
Make two operation pawls to open, bite casing and sliding sleeve inner wall respectively, then rotation process pawl, opens next stage sliding sleeve.
After sliding sleeve is opened, underground sliding bush switching system is acted ground, opens correspondence by recovery operation pawl, upper portable cable
Pressure break channel, pressure break can be carried out out of casing；
(4) previous stage sliding sleeve is successively closed, rear stage sliding sleeve, pressure break are opened；
It repeats step (3), successively closes previous stage sliding sleeve, rear stage sliding sleeve is opened, to carry out pressure breaks at different levels.
(5) it goes into operation
After pressure break, tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system, fully open preset sliding sleeves at different levels are gone into operation.
(6) water is controlled
After the water outlet of some fracturing section of later period, can tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system corresponding sliding sleeve is closed, continue to produce
Rest of the interval, to realize sectional well completion function.
Whole process is as shown in Figure 3.
The core supporting tool of the segmentation control complete well of water is as follows:
(1) switching sliding sleeve is as shown in Fig. 2, specific structure is as follows
It 1) include top connection 201, sealing ring 202, housing 203, sealing inner sleeve 204, sliding sleeve lead screw 205, anti-rotation pin
207, lower contact 208；
2) housing 203 is provided with fracturing fluid recirculation hole, and 6~10 circumferential directions are uniformly distributed.
3) design of sealing 204 outer surface both ends of inner sleeve has two groups of O-ring seals 202, the axial direction between two groups of sealing rings
Spacing is 20-40mm bigger than the length of fluid circulating hole on outer set, to ensure that recirculation hole is all closed when closed.
4) lower contact 208 is connected through a screw thread with housing 203, and junction is sealed using O-ring seal.Lead screw is a tubular
Structure is clearance fit between sealing inner sleeve in the inner cavity in sealing inner sleeve.Lead screw is when rotated in band dynamic sealing
Set axial movement, to realize closing or opening for recirculation hole, recirculation hole is by sealing shroud security seal at this time.
Its working principle is that the rotation of 205 inner wall of sliding sleeve lead screw is bitten by Wan Jing robot, (lead screw 205 is limited by both ends step
It cannot move axially, it can only positive and negative rotation.) 204 lower internal thread of inner sleeve and the engagement of 205 external screw thread of lead screw are sealed, due to sealing
The axially directed slot of inner sleeve 204 is limited and cannot be rotated by anti-rotation pin 207, therefore sealing inner sleeve 204 can only move axially, from
And open or close the recirculation hole of sliding sleeve.
Automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument is the core of a tool and Wan Jing robot more complex in Wan Jing robot
Part is the executing agency of Wan Jing robot, is directly connected to each other with preset sliding sleeve, operates the opening and closing of sliding sleeve.
Automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument is made of two operation pawls and rotating mechanism, and two operation pawls bite set after opening respectively
Inside pipe wall and sliding sleeve inner wall, then rotating mechanism rotation drives the leadscrew-nut mechanism rotation of sliding sleeve, opens or closes sliding sleeve.
The movement of each operation pawl after electrical power, passes through planetary reducer by a Brush-Less DC motor control
10-1/min or so is decelerated to, lead screw rotation is driven, is changed into the axial movement of lead screw by screw pair, operation pawl is song
Handle slide block mechanism will be axially moved the radial expansion for being changed into operation pawl.
The automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch system 1-4 is specific as follows as shown in Fig. 4-Fig. 8:
1) the prefabricated sliding sleeve switch instrument of a kind of horizontal well or Multilateral Wells, the tool can pass through cable transfer or fluid power
It is pumped to predetermined position；The executing agency of sliding sleeve opening and closing is carried out, is directly connected to each other with preset sliding sleeve, operates sliding sleeve
It opens and closes；Comprising: which silk plug 1, O-ring seal 2, motor and retarder 3, motor seal cover 4, motor fixing sleeve 5, screw
6, shaft coupling 7, via hole type slip ring 8, slip ring central axis 9, flat key fixing sleeve 10, first bearing clamping sleeve 11, fastening screw nut 12,
One sleeve 13, rolling bearing 14, O-ring seal 15, transmission shaft 16, the first connector 17, compressed spring 18, transmission nut 19,
Support arm thrust bearing 20, transmission nut end cap 21, pin 22, the first actuating arm 23, pin 24, the second actuating arm 25, thrust bearing
26, actuating arm outer sleeve 27, the second connector 28, hat type slip ring 29, rotating electric machine sealing shroud 30, fastening screw nut 31, the second axis
Pressure-bearing is fixed 32, second sleeve 33, third connector 34, rolling bearing 35, O-ring seal 36, the 4th connector 37, the axis of rolling
Hold 38, limit centralizer 39, outer shaft bearing ring 40, bearing 41, gasket ring 42.
2) sliding sleeve switch instrument is made of two operation pawls and rotating mechanism, and two operation pawls bite set after opening respectively
Inside pipe wall and sliding sleeve inner wall, then rotating mechanism rotation drives the leadscrew-nut mechanism rotation of sliding sleeve, opens or closes sliding sleeve.
3) transmission shaft 16 that the tool uses via hole type slip ring 8, is provided with centre bore and side opening, control is electric by above-mentioned design
Cable can be passed through from the tool, realize a cable control kit.Three transmission shafts are all provided with hole at center, so that cable can
To pass through, signal is powered and transmitted to next stage.Because these three transmission shafts will rotate, via hole type slip ring and cap are used
Fixed cable connect by formula slip ring with rotatable cable, be not damaged when rotated to avoid cable and meanwhile can also transmit signal with
Power supply.
4) two groups of support arms that the tool has are not only extended and bite casing or sliding sleeve inner wall, but also can need above to mention
It can be recycled in retraction tool outer jointing jacket when with decentralization, conducive to lifting from the top and puting down for switching tools.
5) movement of each operation pawl after electrical power, passes through planetary gear speed-reduction by a Brush-Less DC motor control
Device decelerates to 10-1/min or so, drives lead screw rotation, is changed into the axial movement of lead screw by screw pair, and operation pawl is
Slider-crank mechanism will be axially moved the radial expansion for being changed into operation pawl, i.e., stretching actuating arm outer sleeve is outer or is retracted into
In the inner cavity of actuating arm outer sleeve.
6) casing mechanism is bitten: mainly by motor and retarder 3, shaft coupling 7, slip ring 8, bearing 14, transmission shaft 16, transmission
The composition such as nut 19, support arm thrust bearing 20, transmission nut end cap 21 drives 16 turns of transmission shaft by the rotating forward and reversion of motor
Dynamic, the left end of transmission nut 19 can only be axially moved in 17 interior groove of the first connector, due to the position-limiting action, transmission nut
19, when motor rotates forward, push support arm thrust bearing 20 to strut the first actuating arm 23 and the second actuating arm 25, sting fixed pipe, fixed
Bite casing mechanism one end, the supporting point as sliding sleeve switch instrument.
7) sliding sleeve and rotary operation mechanism are bitten:
The mechanism also has an effect for strutting support arm, and biting sliding sleeve inner wall, the mechanism of action and bites casing mechanism
It is similar, mainly pass through the motor control of rightmost.
In addition, the mechanism also has spinning movement, i.e., drive mechanism rotation to open by the rotation of intermediate motor
Or the effect of closedown sliding sleeve, operating principle are as follows: after biting sliding sleeve, intermediate motor rotation drives third connector 34 and connector
The mechanism on the right rotates, and has bitten sliding sleeve due to biting lower support arm, inner sliding sleeve rotation has been driven, to realize the opening of sliding sleeve
And closing.Support arm is mainly by support arm thrust bearing 20, transmission nut end cap 21, the first actuating arm 23,25 He of the second actuating arm
Thrust bearing 26 forms, and design has compressed spring 18 to slow down rigidity when support arm bites casing.Transmission nut is by lead screw
Rotational transform be to push operation pawl mobile after being axially moved by spring, avoid torque from suddenly increasing, keep current of electric excessive
And it burns.
Above-mentioned two groups of support arms can recycle in retraction tool outer jointing jacket when needing to raise and decentralize, and be conducive to switch
Tool lifts from the top and puts down.The present invention, can be to horizontal well or branch by being used cooperatively with the prefabricated sliding sleeve switch instrument to match
Well realizes the segmentation of any section, and sliding sleeve switch instrument is delivered to underground by cable or pumping, and construction is quickly continuous, repeatable to open
It closes, has the function of staged fracturing and control water.
In conclusion being used for the complete well of horizontal well in segments by the completion method and completion tubular column, it can be achieved that unlimited pole segmentation
Complete well, the present invention and casing full-bore can meet huge discharge pressing crack construction requirement repeat switch, have staged fracturing, control water and
Repeat function；Heat resisting and pressure resisting is high；Complete well is at low cost.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, at this
On the basis of disclosure of the invention application method and principle, it is easy to make various types of improvement or deformation, be not limited solely to this
Invent method described in above-mentioned specific embodiment, therefore previously described mode is only preferred, and and do not have limitation
The meaning of property.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of staged fracturing and control water completion method, it is characterised in that: the staged fracturing and control water completion method include:
(1) running string: being lowered into predetermined position for tubing string, set packer of cementing the well or build the pressure；
(2) first order pressure break: building the pressure in casing, opens first order switching sliding sleeve, carries out pressure break, after pressure break, build the pressure so that
Switching sliding sleeve is kept it turned under static pressure；
(3) tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system closes previous stage sliding sleeve, opens rear stage sliding sleeve, carries out pressure break；
(4) step (3) are repeated until completing pressure breaks at different levels；
(5) go into operation: tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system opens switching sliding sleeves at different levels, goes into operation；
(6) control water: after the water outlet of some fracturing section of later period, tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system closes corresponding switching sliding sleeve,
Continue to produce rest of the interval, to realize sectional well completion function.
2. staged fracturing according to claim 1 and control water completion method, it is characterised in that: the step (3) is in this way
It realizes:
After the completion of previous stage pressure break, the tripping in underground sliding sleeve switching system out of casing judges roughly that underground is sliding by cable length
After set switching system descended previous stage switching sliding sleeve, operation underground sliding bush switching system retracts pump cup, then above mentions well
Low sleeve switching system judges that underground sliding bush switching system is stopped in place using the audiolocator in underground sliding bush switching system
It only above mentions, then operates underground sliding bush switching system, open two operation pawls, bite casing and sliding sleeve inner wall respectively, then revolve
Turn operation pawl, closes previous stage switching sliding sleeve；
Then it above mentions at underground sliding bush switching system to rear stage switching sliding sleeve, stops above mentioning underground sliding bush switching system after positioning
System, then underground sliding bush switching system is operated, two operation pawls are opened, bite casing and sliding sleeve inner wall respectively, then rotation process
Pawl opens rear stage switching sliding sleeve；
Recovery operation pawl will propose ground in underground sliding bush switching system, pressure break carried out out of casing.
3. a kind of tubing string realized staged fracturing of any of claims 1 or 2 and control water completion method, it is characterised in that: described
Tubing string includes the multiple groups switching sliding sleeve and witness marker pipe nipple by casing connection, the switching sliding sleeve and witness marker in every group
Pipe nipple is directly connected to；
Mark slot is provided on the witness marker pipe nipple；
The switching sliding sleeve includes sequentially connected top connection, housing and lower contact；
It is provided with sealing inner sleeve in the inner cavity of the housing, is provided with sliding sleeve lead screw in the inner cavity of sealing inner sleeve；
Fracturing fluid recirculation hole is provided on the wall of the housing；
The sliding sleeve lead screw is tubular structure, and both ends are respectively by the step-shaped top of the step of top connection lower part and lower contact top
Firmly；External screw thread is equipped in the lower part of the sliding sleeve lead screw；
It is clearance fit between the sliding sleeve lead screw and sealing inner sleeve；The lower part of the sealing inner sleeve is equipped with internal screw thread, the interior spiral shell
Line is engaged with the external screw thread on sliding sleeve lead screw；
The lower part of the sealing inner sleeve is provided with and its axial parallel guide groove；
Anti-rotation pin is installed in the lower part of the housing, the protruding parts of the anti-rotation pin are located in the guide groove；
Band dynamic sealing inner sleeve is axially moveable the sliding sleeve lead screw when rotated, thus realize closing or opening for recirculation hole,
Hole uniformly distributed in the circumferential is provided on the sliding sleeve lead screw；
Outer put on is provided with 6~10 uniformly distributed fracturing fluid recirculation holes in the circumferential.
4. tubing string according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the fracturing fluid recirculation hole is slotted hole, length direction
It is parallel to the axial direction of housing.
5. tubing string according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: be equipped with two at the both ends of the outer surface of the sealing inner sleeve
Group O-ring seal, when sliding sleeve is closed, two groups of O-ring seals be located on outer set the top of fracturing fluid recirculation hole and under
Side；
Axial spacing between two groups of O-ring seals is 20-40mm bigger than the length of fracturing fluid recirculation hole on outer set.
6. tubing string according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the lower end of the top connection is inserted into the upper lumen of housing
In, and be connected through a screw thread with the top of housing, the junction of the two is provided with O-ring seal；
The lower part of the housing is inserted into the inner cavity of lower contact, and is connected through a screw thread with the top of lower contact, in the two
Junction is provided with O-ring seal.
7. a kind of underground sliding bush switching for opening and closing the switching sliding sleeve in any tubing string of claim 3 to 6
System, it is characterised in that: the underground sliding bush switching system includes audiolocator and automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument, the sound wave
Locator and automatically controlled sliding sleeve switch instrument are connected directly, and distance between the two is equal to the mark slot on witness marker pipe nipple and opens
Close the distance between sliding sleeve；
The downhole electric control sliding sleeve switch instrument includes that sequentially connected casing clenching mechanism, sliding sleeve rotating mechanism and sliding sleeve are stung tightly
Mechanism；
Described sleeve pipe clenching mechanism and sliding sleeve clenching mechanism are arranged in mirror symmetry, include power device, screw pair and
Operate pawl；The screw pair drives the operation pawl to open or retract；
The sliding sleeve rotating mechanism includes rotating electric machine and third connector, and the rotating electric machine drives institute by third connector
State the operation pawl rotation in sliding sleeve clenching mechanism.
8. underground sliding bush switching system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described sleeve pipe clenching mechanism and sliding sleeve are stung
The power device of tight mechanism includes: motor, retarder, bindiny mechanism；
The screw pair includes: transmission shaft, transmission nut, the first connector；Screw thread shape is provided on the transmission shaft
At lead screw, transmission shaft and transmission nut constitute screw pair；
The motor is connect with retarder, and the output shaft of retarder is connected by one end of bindiny mechanism and transmission shaft；Described
The middle part of the inner cavity of one connector is small-bore section, and both ends are large aperture section, and the inner wall of small-bore section and the outer wall of transmission shaft connect
Touching is equipped with O-ring seal therebetween；
It is provided with rolling bearing in the large aperture section towards motor side, is equipped with the transmission in the large aperture section of the other side
Nut is provided with slot on the inner wall of large aperture section, and the outer wall of transmission shaft here is equipped with screw thread, when transmission shaft is positive and negative
To when rotation, transmission nut can be moved back and forth in slot along axial direction；The operation pawl include actuating arm outer sleeve and
Support arm thrust bearing, the slider-crank mechanism, thrust bearing fixing sleeve to set within it in chamber；
Axial hole is provided on the actuating arm outer sleeve；
The slider-crank mechanism includes the first actuating arm and the second actuating arm, one end of first actuating arm by pin with
One end of the support arm thrust bearing connects, and the other end is connect by pin with one end of the second actuating arm, the second actuating arm
The other end is connect by pin with thrust bearing fixing sleeve；
The end face of the other end of the support arm thrust bearing and the end face of transmission nut are connected by compressed spring, work as transmission nut
When being axially moveable, the support arm thrust bearing is driven to be axially moveable, the first transmission arm and the second transmission arm is pushed to carry out diameter
To opening or retract；
The bindiny mechanism includes shaft coupling, slip ring axis, slip ring, flat key fixing sleeve；The output shaft of the retarder passes through shaft coupling
Device is connect with one end of slip ring axis, and the other end of the slip ring axis is connected by one end of the flat key fixing sleeve and transmission shaft,
The slip ring sleeve is on the slip ring axis；
Described sleeve pipe clenching mechanism and sliding sleeve clenching mechanism include silk plug, motor seal set and motor fixing sleeve；The silk plug
It is connect with one end of motor seal set, the other end of the motor seal set is connect with one end of first connector；
The motor fixing sleeve is mounted in the inner cavity of the motor seal set, and the power device is mounted on the motor and fixes
In set；
The slip ring uses via hole type slip ring, and the transmission shaft is provided with centre bore and side opening；
Motor in described sleeve pipe clenching mechanism and sliding sleeve clenching mechanism uses DC brushless motor, and the retarder uses planet
Gear reduction unit.
9. underground sliding bush switching system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: described in the sliding sleeve rotating mechanism
Rotating electric machine is connect with retarder, and the output shaft of retarder and one end of shaft coupling connect, the other end and slip ring axis of shaft coupling
One end connection, the other end of slip ring axis connect with one end of third connector, the inner wall and cunning of the other end of third connector
The thrust bearing fixing sleeve connection in clenching mechanism is covered, outer wall is connect with one end of the actuating arm outer sleeve in sliding sleeve clenching mechanism；
Transmission shaft in the sliding sleeve clenching mechanism is extend into the inner cavity of the third connector, is equipped with O in the two contact position
Type sealing ring；
The rotating electric machine drives the operation pawl in sliding sleeve clenching mechanism to be rotated by third connector.
10. underground sliding bush switching system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the sliding sleeve rotating mechanism includes rotation
Rotating motor sealing shroud, actuating arm outer sleeve in described sleeve pipe clenching mechanism pass through the second connector and rotating electric machine sealing shroud
One end connection, the other end of the rotating electric machine sealing shroud connect with one end of the 4th connector, the 4th connector it is another
One end is connect with limit supporting positive cover；
The middle part of the inner cavity of 4th connector is small-bore section, and both ends are large aperture section；The inner wall of small-bore section with
The outer wall of third connector contacts, and is equipped with O-ring seal therebetween；
Rolling bearing is separately installed in the large aperture section at both ends；
Outer shaft bearing ring, bearing and pad are sequentially installed between the inner wall of the limit supporting positive cover and the outer wall of third connector
Ring；
O-ring seal is equipped in the contact position of the rotating electric machine sealing shroud and the 4th connector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710580590.3A CN109267982B (en) | 2017-07-17 | 2017-07-17 | Staged fracturing and water control well completion method, tubular column and underground sliding sleeve switch system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710580590.3A CN109267982B (en) | 2017-07-17 | 2017-07-17 | Staged fracturing and water control well completion method, tubular column and underground sliding sleeve switch system |
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| CN109267982A true CN109267982A (en) | 2019-01-25 |
| CN109267982B CN109267982B (en) | 2021-04-02 |
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| CN201710580590.3A Active CN109267982B (en) | 2017-07-17 | 2017-07-17 | Staged fracturing and water control well completion method, tubular column and underground sliding sleeve switch system |
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| CN110454129A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of gas well separate stratum fracfturing, the water integrated process pipe string of control |
| CN111577204A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-25 | 成都众智诚成石油科技有限公司 | Underground cascade sliding sleeve system |
| CN111911126A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-10 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Setting bridge plug for repeated fracturing and repeated fracturing construction method of oil and gas field well |
| CN113027375A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-25 | 大庆市天德忠石油科技有限公司 | Combined tool matched with oilfield water plugging process |
| CN113279726A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-20 | 西南石油大学 | Underground intelligent electric control switch sliding sleeve |
| CN114427422A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Multi-section fracturing and intelligent well completion integrated pipe column and method |
| CN115030687A (en) * | 2022-07-03 | 2022-09-09 | 东北石油大学 | Underground multistage fracturing electric control sliding sleeve |
| CN115370338A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-11-22 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Staged fracturing operation method for horizontal well |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110454129A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of gas well separate stratum fracfturing, the water integrated process pipe string of control |
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| CN111577204A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-25 | 成都众智诚成石油科技有限公司 | Underground cascade sliding sleeve system |
| CN111911126A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-10 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Setting bridge plug for repeated fracturing and repeated fracturing construction method of oil and gas field well |
| CN111911126B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-11-22 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Setting bridge plug for repeated fracturing and repeated fracturing construction method of oil and gas field well |
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| CN114427422B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2024-02-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Multistage fracturing and intelligent well completion integrated tubular column and method |
| CN113027375A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-25 | 大庆市天德忠石油科技有限公司 | Combined tool matched with oilfield water plugging process |
| CN115370338A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-11-22 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Staged fracturing operation method for horizontal well |
| CN113279726A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-20 | 西南石油大学 | Underground intelligent electric control switch sliding sleeve |
| CN115030687A (en) * | 2022-07-03 | 2022-09-09 | 东北石油大学 | Underground multistage fracturing electric control sliding sleeve |
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