CN109266950A - Cubic boron nitride enhances steel-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cubic boron nitride enhances steel-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109266950A CN109266950A CN201811256136.3A CN201811256136A CN109266950A CN 109266950 A CN109266950 A CN 109266950A CN 201811256136 A CN201811256136 A CN 201811256136A CN 109266950 A CN109266950 A CN 109266950A
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- boron nitride
- cubic boron
- composite material
- based composite
- steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material, including iron-based phase, the iron-nickel alloy phase being distributed in the iron-based phase and the cubic boron nitride phase being coated in the iron-nickel alloy phase.Cubic boron nitride and steel substrate metallurgical bonding, composite inner dense uniform may be implemented, no internal flaw had not only met the requirement to toughness of material, but also improved the wearability of material.Meanwhile the present invention also provides the preparation method of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material, this method is simple, easily realization industrialization production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metal matrix composite, and in particular, to a kind of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based is compound
Material and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
With the fast development of modern industry, the requirement to engineering material performance is higher and higher.Particle enhanced steel iron material
Be using steel as matrix, using particle as reinforced phase, a kind of material being combined, the advantages of having steel concurrently (toughness and plasticity) and
Enhance particle advantage (high rigidity and high-modulus).On the one hand, this kind of composite material often has higher specific strength, specific stiffness,
Better heat resistance and lower thermal expansion coefficient and higher dimensional stability etc., on the other hand, low cost, Yi Jia
Work can obtain various types of particulates reinforcements with lower price, so that steel-based composite material is in mold materials, resistance to
Mill part and corrosion resistant member material etc. more and more occupy consequence, and application field also more and more expands.
Cubic boron nitride micro mist (cBN) has the excellent properties such as high rigidity, high-wearing feature, and better heat stability, nickel plating
Cubic boron nitride micro mist improves steel substrate to the adhesive property of cBN powder, can improve the combination between matrix and cBN particle
State, on the other hand, cubic boron nitride micro mist production technology are mature, and cost of material is low, the reinforced phase as steel composite material
There are very big technical advantage and the market advantage.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material and preparation method thereof, with solution
The certainly above problem.
Specifically, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material, including iron-based phase, the iron-nickel alloy being distributed in the iron-based phase
Phase and the cubic boron nitride phase being coated in the iron-nickel alloy phase.
Be (70~90) by volume ratio based on above-mentioned: the iron powder and nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist of (10~30), which mix, to be burnt
It ties.
Based on above-mentioned, the mass fraction of carbon is 0.03%~2% in the iron powder.
Based on above-mentioned, the average grain diameter of the nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist is 4~8 μm.
A kind of preparation method of the cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material comprising following steps:
Raw material mixing: nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist and iron powder progress ball milling mixing is uniform, obtain composite granule；
Composite granule sintering: the composite granule is sintered in argon atmosphere, obtains the cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based
Composite material.
It include: that nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist and iron powder are placed in ball mill based on the step of above-mentioned, the raw material mixes
In, it is dry grinded 10~15 h by the way of replacing ball milling clockwise and anticlockwise, wherein the revolving speed of the ball mill is 300~
400 r/min, the mill ball of the ball mill are the sintered carbide ball that diameter is 6~8 cm, the sintered carbide ball and described
The mass ratio of composite granule is (2~4): 1.
Based on above-mentioned, the method that 10~15 h are dry grinded by the way of replacing ball milling clockwise and anticlockwise includes:
The ball mill rotates clockwise 50~70 min, rotates counterclockwise 50~70 min alternately, described clockwise every time
Rotation and it is described rotate counterclockwise alternating between there are 1~3 min intermittent times.
It include: that first the composite granule is placed in ceramic boat to fill up based on the step of above-mentioned, the composite granule is sintered
In compacting, then corundum boat that the ceramic boat is placed in, then the corundum boat is put into tube furnace, and to the tube furnace
In be passed through argon gas and be sintered.
Based on above-mentioned, it includes: to be passed through argon to the tube furnace that the step of argon gas is sintered is passed through into the tube furnace
After gas, the tube furnace is first warming up to 1400~1600 DEG C, 50~70 min of soaking time with the rate of 5 DEG C/min, so
The cooled to room temperature when rate of 5 DEG C/min is cooled to 200 DEG C afterwards.
The nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist is mainly by cubic boron nitride and the metal for being coated on the cubic boron nitride surface
Nickel composition, and the mass ratio of metallic nickel and cubic boron nitride is (2~6): 11, commercially available nickel plating cubic boron nitride can be used, it can also
By being made by oneself in cubic boron nitride micro mist surface clad nickel.
Wherein, the preparation step of the nickel plating cubic boron nitride may include:
1) cubic boron nitride micro mist is taken, acidification, surface activation process and reduction treatment is successively carried out, obtains activation powder；Institute
It states surface activation process and refers to and cubic boron nitride micro mist is immersed in palladium chloride solution, make its surface sensitizing, activation；The reduction
Processing, which refers to immerse cubic boron nitride micro mist in hydrazine solution, carries out soaking and reducing；
2) activation powder obtained by step 1) is placed in chemical plating fluid, chemical nickel plating is carried out under ultrasound condition, it is rear to separate, it must plate
Nickel cubic boron nitride powder.The chemical plating fluid contains the ingredient of following concentration: nickel sulfate 30g/L, 20~90g/L of hydrazine, lemon
20~90g/L of lemon acid sodium, 10~20mg/L of thiocarbamide.The hydrazine uses mass concentration for 80% when preparing chemical plating fluid
Hydrazine hydrate is prepared.The dosage of the chemical plating fluid are as follows: every 2~6g activation powder uses 1L chemical plating fluid.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has substantive distinguishing features outstanding and marked improvement.Specifically, the present invention mentions
Confession cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material include iron-based phase, the iron-nickel alloy phase being distributed in the iron-based phase and
The cubic boron nitride phase being coated in the iron-nickel alloy phase, it by nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist and iron powder mixed sintering and
At iron powder melting and nickel in nickel plating cubic boron nitride form iron-nickel alloy in sintering process, realize cubic boron nitride and steel-based
Body metallurgical bonding, composite inner dense uniform, no internal flaw, by test, hardness number is 700~900 HV, pressure
Contracting performance is 1100~1400 MPa, so, cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material have preferable toughness and
Wearability.Meanwhile the present invention also provides the preparation method of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material, which first leads to
Crossing ball milling is sufficiently mixed nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist and iron powder, then is sintered, promote nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist and
Iron powder sufficiently combines；Further, ball milling rotated clockwise and rotates counterclockwise between alternating there are 1~3 min intermittent time,
It avoids mixing process medium temperature from spending height, damages powder reuniting caused by ball-grinding machine and high temperature；And sintering container is using pottery
Porcelain boat and corundum boat combine, and ceramic boat is placed among corundum boat, and composite granule is held in ceramic boat, and sintering process avoids iron powder
It is melted in tube furnace high temperature and overflows ceramic boat, damage agglomerating plant；In addition, sintering process is dropped using temperature programming and program
Temperature combines nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist and iron powder sufficiently, obtains composite inner dense uniform, no internal flaw.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material.
In figure: 1. iron-based phases；2. iron-nickel alloy phase；3. cubic boron nitride phase.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of cubic boron nitrides to enhance steel-based composite material, including iron-based phase 1, it is distributed in
Iron-nickel alloy phase 2 in the iron-based phase 1 and the cubic boron nitride phase 3 being coated in the iron-nickel alloy phase 2.Described cube
Boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material is obtained by following steps:
Iron powder and nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist are placed in ball mill by raw material mixing carries out dry grinding mixing, obtains composite granule；
Wherein, drum's speed of rotation 300r/min, mixing time are 12 h, rotate clockwise 1 h, rotate counterclockwise 1 h, clockwise
It rotates and rotates counterclockwise alternately, the intermittent time is 3 min, and mill ball is the sintered carbide ball that diameter is 6 cm, ball material
Mass ratio is 3:1, the carbon for being 1% containing mass fraction in the iron powder, and the volume ratio of iron powder and nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist is 9:
1；The partial size of the nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist is 4-6 μm；
The composite granule is uniformly placed in 60*30 mm ceramic boat and is filled up compacting by composite powder sintering, by the pottery
Porcelain boat is put into the corundum boat of 100*56*35 mm, then the corundum is put into tube furnace, avoids iron powder high in tube furnace
Ceramic boat is overflowed in temperature melting, protects tube furnace；After corundum boat is put into tube furnace, it is passed through argon gas after the sealing of tube furnace both ends, into
Row inert gas shielding, avoids composite powder from aoxidizing during the sintering process；Tube furnace power switch is opened, setting temperature program is most
1500 DEG C of high sintering temperature, 60 min of maximum temperature soaking time, heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, after the completion of holding stage, cooling
Rate is 5 DEG C/min, and it is compound to obtain cubic boron nitride steel-based for cooled to room temperature when in-furnace temperature is down to 200 DEG C or less
Material.
After carrying out plain grinding polishing treatment to the cubic boron nitride steel-based composite material, its hardness is tested using hardometer
Value is 800 HV, and universal testing machine is used to test its compression performance as 1200 MPa.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of cubic boron nitrides to enhance steel-based composite material, and the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, area
Be not: the preparation method of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material provided in this embodiment is different；Further, mainly
The step of preparing the mixing in the method for the cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material is different, specifically, the mixing
The step of in, drum's speed of rotation be 400 r/min, mixing time be 10 h, rotate clockwise 50 min, rotate counterclockwise 50
Min is rotated clockwise and rotates counterclockwise alternately, and the intermittent time is 1 min, and mill ball is that the hard that diameter is 8cm closes
Gold goal, ball material mass ratio are 4:1, the carbon for being 0.5% containing mass fraction in the iron powder, the body of iron powder and nickel plating cubic boron nitride
Product is than being 7:3；The partial size of the nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist is 6-8 μm；In the step of sintering, maximum sintering temperature
1600℃。
After carrying out plain grinding polishing treatment to the cubic boron nitride steel-based composite material, its hardness is tested using hardometer
Value is 700 HV, and universal testing machine is used to test its compression performance as 1400 MPa.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of cubic boron nitrides to enhance steel-based composite material, and the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, area
Be not: the preparation method of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material provided in this embodiment is different；Further, mainly
The step of preparing the mixing in the method for the cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material is different, specifically, the mixing
The step of in, drum's speed of rotation be 200 r/min, mixing time be 15 h, rotate clockwise 70 min, rotate counterclockwise 70
Min is rotated clockwise and rotates counterclockwise alternately, and the intermittent time is 2 min, and mill ball is that the hard that diameter is 7 cm closes
Gold goal, ball material mass ratio are 2:1, the carbon for being 2% containing mass fraction in the iron powder, iron powder and nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist
Volume ratio is 8:2；The partial size of the nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist is 6-8 μm；In the step of sintering, highest sintering temperature
1400 DEG C of degree.
After carrying out plain grinding polishing treatment to the cubic boron nitride steel-based composite material, its hardness is tested using hardometer
Value is 900 HV, and universal testing machine is used to test its compression performance as 1100 MPa.
Finally it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments for pipe, it should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: still
It can modify to a specific embodiment of the invention or some technical features can be equivalently replaced；Without departing from this hair
The spirit of bright technical solution should all cover within the scope of the technical scheme claimed by the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cubic boron nitride enhances steel-based composite material, which is characterized in that including iron-based phase, be distributed in the iron-based phase
In iron-nickel alloy phase and the cubic boron nitride phase that is coated in the iron-nickel alloy phase.
2. cubic boron nitride according to claim 1 enhances steel-based composite material, which is characterized in that be by volume ratio
(70~90): the iron powder and nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist of (10~30) are sintered.
3. cubic boron nitride according to claim 2 enhances steel-based composite material, which is characterized in that carbon in the iron powder
Mass fraction be 0.03%~2%.
4. cubic boron nitride according to claim 2 or 3 enhances steel-based composite material, which is characterized in that the nickel plating
The average grain diameter of cubic boron nitride micro mist is 4~8 μm.
5. a kind of preparation method of the described in any item cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite materials of Claims 1 to 4, packet
Include following steps:
Raw material mixing is uniform by nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist and iron powder progress ball milling mixing, obtains composite granule；
The composite granule is sintered by composite granule sintering in argon atmosphere, obtains the cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based
Composite material.
6. the preparation method of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material according to claim 5, which is characterized in that institute
The step of stating raw material mixing includes: that nickel plating cubic boron nitride micro mist and iron powder are placed in ball mill, using the clockwise and inverse time
The mode of needle alternating ball milling is dry grinded 10~15 h, and the composite granule is obtained；Wherein, the revolving speed of the ball mill is 300~400
R/min, the mill ball of the ball mill are the sintered carbide ball that diameter is 6~8 cm, the sintered carbide ball and described compound
The mass ratio of powder is (2~4): 1.
7. the preparation method of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
Stating the step of 10~15 h is dry grinded by the way of replacing ball milling clockwise and anticlockwise includes: that the ball mill rotates clockwise
It 50~70 min and rotates counterclockwise 50~70 min alternately, and rotates clockwise and described turn counterclockwise described every time
There are 1~3 min intermittent times between dynamic alternating.
8. special according to the preparation method of the described in any item cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite materials of claim 5~7
The step of sign is, the composite granule is sintered includes: that first the composite granule is placed in ceramic boat to fill up compacting, then by institute
It states in the corundum boat that ceramic boat is placed in, then the corundum boat is put into tube furnace, and be passed through argon gas into the tube furnace
It is sintered.
9. the preparation method of cubic boron nitride enhancing steel-based composite material according to claim 8, which is characterized in that
It includes: after being passed through argon gas to the tube furnace, first by the tubular type that the step of argon gas is sintered is passed through in the tube furnace
Furnace is warming up to 1400~1600 DEG C, 50~70 min of soaking time with the rate of 5 DEG C/min, then the rate cooling of 5 DEG C/min
Cooled to room temperature when to 200 DEG C.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111876650A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-03 | 马鞍山欧凯新材料科技有限公司 | High-temperature wear-resistant alloy material for rolling mill guide roller and preparation method thereof |
| CN113233573A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-08-10 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Treatment method of BPA-containing sewage and ball-milling modified magnetic biochar composite material |
| US11707784B2 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2023-07-25 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Spark plasma sintered cBN and Ni-cBN bearing steel |
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| DD295106A5 (en) * | 1990-06-14 | 1991-10-24 | Krupp Widia Gmbh,De | HARD METAL COMPOSITE BODY AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| CN104313459A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-01-28 | 郑州大学 | Ni coated SiC compound powder enhanced iron-based composite material, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105950940A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-09-21 | 富耐克超硬材料股份有限公司 | Nickel-plated cubic boron nitride composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107186629A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-22 | 芜湖浙鑫新能源有限公司 | Metal-base diamond grinding wheel and preparation method thereof |
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2018
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD295106A5 (en) * | 1990-06-14 | 1991-10-24 | Krupp Widia Gmbh,De | HARD METAL COMPOSITE BODY AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
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| CN105950940A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-09-21 | 富耐克超硬材料股份有限公司 | Nickel-plated cubic boron nitride composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11707784B2 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2023-07-25 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Spark plasma sintered cBN and Ni-cBN bearing steel |
| CN111876650A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-03 | 马鞍山欧凯新材料科技有限公司 | High-temperature wear-resistant alloy material for rolling mill guide roller and preparation method thereof |
| CN113233573A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-08-10 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Treatment method of BPA-containing sewage and ball-milling modified magnetic biochar composite material |
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Application publication date: 20190125 |