CN109266030A - A kind of preparation method of explosion-suppressing material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of explosion-suppressing material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109266030A CN109266030A CN201810994619.7A CN201810994619A CN109266030A CN 109266030 A CN109266030 A CN 109266030A CN 201810994619 A CN201810994619 A CN 201810994619A CN 109266030 A CN109266030 A CN 109266030A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
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- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of explosion-suppressing material, belong to explosion-suppressing material preparation technical field.First by ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate and ammonium hydrogen sulfate mixing, and it is impregnated with ethyl orthosilicate and solidliquid mixture is made, dehydrated alcohol is mixed to prepare with solidliquid mixture again and reacts solid, desciccate is made by raw material of bamboo chip, solid will finally be reacted, desciccate and other metal oxide high-temperatures, which are blended, is made explosion-suppressing material, by coated with silica ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen sulfate and potassium sulfate, generate nitrogen, it is improved the stability of ambient enviroment, to inhibit the generation of explosion, maleic anhydride is added in bamboo fibre after separation and acetic anhydride carries out surface and is modified, so that metal ion and bamboo fibre is generated ionic bond and is adsorbed in bamboo fibre surface, reinforce the tightness degree of explosion-suppressing material internal structure, it prevents the embrittlement of explosion-suppressing material and is crushed, it has broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of explosion-suppressing material, belong to explosion-suppressing material preparation technical field.
Background technique
Recently as the development of national economy, inflammable and explosive liquid (gas) body such as gasoline, liquefied gas, propane is in daily production
Using more and more extensive in life.In general, above-mentioned inflammable and explosive liquid (gas) body is stored in fuel tank.Above-mentioned inflammable and explosive
The storage of liquid (gas) body and transport field generally use barrier explosion-suppressing material and carry out security hardening to used container, to subtract
It is damaged caused by when light generation accidental explosion.
Current explosion-suppressing material is based on aluminum alloy explosion suppression material.The netted explosion-suppressing material of alloy has good heat conductivity, leads
The features such as electrical property is strong, large specific surface area, after being sufficiently distributed in fuel tank, can effectively contain flame transmission, make to fire
Pressure wave sharp-decay.This netted explosion-suppressing material of alloy surface efficiency with higher in unit volume simultaneously, to have
There is good heat absorptivity, the heat absorption that can promptly release burning, the temperature after making combustion reaction reduces, reaction
The degrees of expansion of gas reduces, and the pressure value in container increases the limit velocity for less making burning velocity that explosion be not achieved, thus
Achieve the purpose that datonation-inhibition.
But the shortcomings that current explosion-suppressing material is that material internal crystallization is big, not closely, hard crisp, without a piece of wood serving as a brake to halt a carriage and extensibility,
It is easily broken off, easily falls disintegrating slag.Explosion-suppressing material in fuel tank after a period of use, due to metal meet the corrosive liquids such as soda acid and
Easy to oxidize when gas, anticorrosive degree is very poor, and fragment easy to form can fall clast, pollute to oil product when being vibrated
Or result in blockage to pipeline road, and be easy to appear collapsing and embrittlement in use, cause container that cannot reach scheduled
The capability of antidetonance.
Therefore it provides it is a kind of obstruct quick-fried effect is good, shock resistance and anti-sintering property are strong explosion-suppressing material have it is important
Meaning.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention, for current explosion-suppressing material poor mechanical property cause easily broken, embrittlement from
And fall off and easily form disintegrating slag, while the defect bad for explosion-suppressing material datonation-inhibition function, provide a kind of preparation of explosion-suppressing material
Method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of preparation method of explosion-suppressing material, it is characterised in that specific preparation step are as follows:
(1) according to parts by weight, 3~5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1~2 part of potassium sulfate and 2.5~2.8 parts of ammonium hydrogen phosphate investments are weighed to be blended
It is uniformly mixed obtained mixture in machine, the propanedione solution 1:10 in mass ratio of mixture and ethyl orthosilicate is put into beaker
In, it is mixed with blender, solidliquid mixture is made；
(2) dehydrated alcohol of solidliquid mixture quality 15~20% is added dropwise into above-mentioned beaker, places the beaker in sonic oscillation instrument
Sonic oscillation places the beaker in oil bath pan, heated at constant temperature after oscillation, places the beaker dry in baking oven, obtained reaction
Solid, it is spare；
(3) bamboo chip is placed in a beaker, impregnates bamboo chip with sodium hydroxide solution, places the beaker isothermal reaction in water-bath, mistake
Filter obtains filter residue, by filter residue 3~5 times wash with distilled water, is put into grinder and grinds, and grinding product is made；
(4) according to parts by weight, 4~6 parts of grinding products, 1.5~1.8 parts of maleic anhydride crystal powders, 1.2~1.5 parts are weighed
The ethanol solution that acetic anhydride, 0.4~0.6 part of potassium sulfate and 20~22 parts of mass fractions are 30~40% is put into three-necked flask, is used
Blender is mixed, and filter cake is obtained by filtration after stirring, and filter cake is placed in baking oven to dry, obtained desciccate；
(5) according to parts by weight, 1~2 part of above-mentioned desciccate, 0.8~1.2 part of spare reaction product, 3~4 powder oxygen are weighed
SiClx, 0.3~0.5 powder iron oxide, 0.2~0.4 part of copper oxide, 1.0~1.3 parts of zinc oxide and 0.3~0.5 part of titanium oxide investment
Ground and mixed is uniform in ball mill, puts into high temperature furnace, and under conditions of argon gas protection, datonation-inhibition material is made in high-temperature blending reaction
Material.
The mass fraction of the propanedione of ethyl orthosilicate as described in step (1) is 10~15%, and the revolving speed of blender is
500~600r/min, mixing time are 3~5h.
Frequency in sonic oscillation instrument described in step (2) is 30~32kHz, and duration of oscillation is 4~6h, in oil bath pan
Oil bath temperature be 160~180 DEG C, the heated at constant temperature time is 100~120min, and the temperature in baking oven is 100~110 DEG C, is done
The dry time is 20~22h.
The mass fraction of sodium hydroxide solution described in step (3) is 20~25%, and the bath temperature in water-bath is 90
~100 DEG C, the isothermal reaction time is 3~4h.
The mass fraction of ethanol solution described in step (4) is 30~40%, and the revolving speed of blender is 400~450r/
Min, mixing time are 50~60min, and the temperature in baking oven is 70~80 DEG C, and drying time is 4~6h.
The high-temperature blending reaction time described in step (5) is 100~110min.
The method have the benefit that:
(1) present invention first mixes ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate and ammonium hydrogen sulfate, and is impregnated with ethyl orthosilicate and solid-liquid mixing is made
Object, then dehydrated alcohol is mixed with solidliquid mixture, it is reacted under high temperature, reaction solid is made after drying, then bamboo chip is placed in alkali
Then liquid high temperature boiling is added maleic anhydride, acetic anhydride, potassium sulfate mixing, filters after mixing, is made dry after dry and produces
Reaction solid, desciccate and other metal oxide high-temperatures are finally blended and explosion-suppressing material are made by object, and the present invention is by sulfuric acid
It is mixed after ammonium, ammonium hydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate mixing with ethyl orthosilicate, generates silica after dehydrated alcohol is titrated, make dioxy
SiClx coats ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen sulfate and potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium hydrogen sulfate and easily decomposes when heated and generate nitrogen, makes surrounding
The stability of environment is improved, it is suppressed that the condition of explosion is coated to inhibit the generation of explosion using silica
Afterwards, the substances combination degree such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen sulfate is improved, thus can be more quickly thermally conductive when heated, be conducive to
The decomposition of ammonium ion generates the generation that ammonia inhibits explosion；
(2) bamboo chip is placed in boiling in lye by the present invention, separates the bamboo fibre in bamboo chip, and the bamboo fibre after separation is added
Maleic anhydride and acetic anhydride carry out surface and are modified, and so that bamboo fibre surface is introduced a large amount of carboxylic group, to enable bamboo fibre
It is reacted with the metal oxide being added later, so that metal ion and bamboo fibre is generated ionic bond, be adsorbed in bamboo fibre surface,
Reinforce the tightness degree of explosion-suppressing material internal structure, and inhibit falling off for metal oxide, forms disintegrating slag, prevent explosion-suppressing material
Embrittlement and broken, has broad application prospects.
Specific embodiment
According to parts by weight, 3~5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1~2 part of potassium sulfate and 2.5~2.8 parts of ammonium hydrogen phosphate investments are weighed altogether
It is uniformly mixed obtained mixture in mixed machine, mixture is pressed with mass fraction for the propanedione solution of 10~15% ethyl orthosilicates
Mass ratio 1:10 is put into beaker, and 3~5h is mixed with the revolving speed of 500~600r/min with blender, solid-liquid mixing is made
Object；The dehydrated alcohol of solidliquid mixture quality 15~20% is added dropwise into above-mentioned beaker, places the beaker in sonic oscillation instrument, with
4~6h of ultrasonic frequency oscillation of 30~32kHz places the beaker the oil bath pan that oil bath temperature is 160~180 DEG C after oscillation
In, 100~120min of heated at constant temperature is placed the beaker in baking oven, dry 20 under conditions of temperature is 100~110 DEG C~
Reaction solid is made in 22h, spare；Bamboo chip is placed in a beaker, is impregnated with the sodium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is 20~25%
Bamboo chip places the beaker in the water-bath that bath temperature is 90~100 DEG C, and filter residue is obtained by filtration in 3~4h of isothermal reaction, will filter
It slag 3~5 times wash with distilled water, is put into grinder and grinds, grinding product is made；According to parts by weight, 4~6 parts are weighed to grind
Mill product, 1.5~1.8 parts of maleic anhydride crystal powders, 1.2~1.5 parts of acetic anhydrides, 0.4~0.6 part of potassium sulfate and 20~22 parts
The ethanol solution that mass fraction is 30~40% is put into three-necked flask, is stirred with blender with the revolving speed mixing of 400~450r/min
50~60min is mixed, filter cake is obtained by filtration after stirring, filter cake is placed in baking oven, dry 4 under conditions of temperature is 70~80 DEG C
Desciccate is made in~6h；According to parts by weight, 1~2 part of above-mentioned desciccate is weighed, 0.8~1.2 part of spare reaction produces
Object, 3~4 powder silica, 0.3~0.5 powder iron oxide, 0.2~0.4 part of copper oxide, 1.0~1.3 parts of zinc oxide and 0.3~0.5
Ground and mixed is uniform in part titanium oxide investment ball mill, puts into high temperature furnace, under conditions of argon gas protection, high-temperature blending reaction
Explosion-suppressing material is made in 100~110min.
Example 1
According to parts by weight, 3 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1 part of potassium sulfate and 2.5 parts of ammonium hydrogen phosphate investment blender and mixings are weighed uniformly to make
Mixture is obtained, the propanedione solution 1:10 in mass ratio that mixture and mass fraction are 10% ethyl orthosilicate is put into beaker,
3h is mixed with the revolving speed of 500r/min with blender, solidliquid mixture is made；Solidliquid mixture is added dropwise into above-mentioned beaker
The dehydrated alcohol of quality 15% places the beaker in sonic oscillation instrument, will after oscillation with the ultrasonic frequency oscillation 4h of 30kHz
Beaker is placed in the oil bath pan that oil bath temperature is 160 DEG C, and heated at constant temperature 100min is placed the beaker in baking oven, is 100 in temperature
Reaction solid is made in dry 20h under conditions of DEG C, spare；Bamboo chip is placed in a beaker, the hydroxide for being 20% with mass fraction
Sodium solution impregnates bamboo chip, places the beaker in the water-bath that bath temperature is 90 DEG C, and filter residue is obtained by filtration in isothermal reaction 3h, will
It filter residue 3 times wash with distilled water, is put into grinder and grinds, grinding product is made；According to parts by weight, 4 parts of grindings are weighed to produce
The ethanol solution that object, 1.5 parts of maleic anhydride crystal powders, 1.2 parts of acetic anhydrides, 0.4 part of potassium sulfate and 20 parts of mass fractions are 30%
It puts into three-necked flask, 50min is mixed with the revolving speed of 400r/min with blender, filter cake is obtained by filtration after stirring, will filter
Cake is placed in baking oven, and desciccate is made in dry 4h under conditions of temperature is 70 DEG C；According to parts by weight, weigh 1 part it is above-mentioned
Desciccate, 0.8 part of spare reaction product, 3 powder silica, 0.3 powder iron oxide, 0.2 part of copper oxide, 1.0 parts of zinc oxide and
Ground and mixed is uniform in 0.3 part of titanium oxide investment ball mill, puts into high temperature furnace, under conditions of argon gas protection, high-temperature blending
It reacts 100min and explosion-suppressing material is made.
Example 2
According to parts by weight, 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1 part of potassium sulfate and 2.7 parts of ammonium hydrogen phosphate investment blender and mixings are weighed uniformly to make
Mixture is obtained, the propanedione solution 1:10 in mass ratio that mixture and mass fraction are 13% ethyl orthosilicate is put into beaker,
4h is mixed with the revolving speed of 550r/min with blender, solidliquid mixture is made；Solidliquid mixture is added dropwise into above-mentioned beaker
The dehydrated alcohol of quality 17% places the beaker in sonic oscillation instrument, will after oscillation with the ultrasonic frequency oscillation 5h of 31kHz
Beaker is placed in the oil bath pan that oil bath temperature is 170 DEG C, and heated at constant temperature 110min is placed the beaker in baking oven, is 105 in temperature
Reaction solid is made in dry 21h under conditions of DEG C, spare；Bamboo chip is placed in a beaker, the hydroxide for being 23% with mass fraction
Sodium solution impregnates bamboo chip, places the beaker in the water-bath that bath temperature is 95 DEG C, and filter residue is obtained by filtration in isothermal reaction 3h, will
It filter residue 4 times wash with distilled water, is put into grinder and grinds, grinding product is made；According to parts by weight, 5 parts of grindings are weighed to produce
The ethanol solution that object, 1.7 parts of maleic anhydride crystal powders, 1.3 parts of acetic anhydrides, 0.5 part of potassium sulfate and 21 parts of mass fractions are 35%
It puts into three-necked flask, 55min is mixed with the revolving speed of 425r/min with blender, filter cake is obtained by filtration after stirring, will filter
Cake is placed in baking oven, and desciccate is made in dry 3h under conditions of temperature is 75 DEG C；According to parts by weight, weigh 1 part it is above-mentioned
Desciccate, 1.0 parts of spare reaction products, 3 powder silica, 0.4 powder iron oxide, 0.3 part of copper oxide, 1.2 parts of zinc oxide and
Ground and mixed is uniform in 0.4 part of titanium oxide investment ball mill, puts into high temperature furnace, under conditions of argon gas protection, high-temperature blending
It reacts 105min and explosion-suppressing material is made.
Example 3
According to parts by weight, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2 parts of potassium sulfates and 2.8 parts of ammonium hydrogen phosphate investment blender and mixings are weighed uniformly to make
Mixture is obtained, the propanedione solution 1:10 in mass ratio that mixture and mass fraction are 15% ethyl orthosilicate is put into beaker,
5h is mixed with the revolving speed of 600r/min with blender, solidliquid mixture is made；Solidliquid mixture is added dropwise into above-mentioned beaker
The dehydrated alcohol of quality 20% places the beaker in sonic oscillation instrument, will after oscillation with the ultrasonic frequency oscillation 6h of 32kHz
Beaker is placed in the oil bath pan that oil bath temperature is 180 DEG C, and heated at constant temperature 120min is placed the beaker in baking oven, is 110 in temperature
Reaction solid is made in dry 22h under conditions of DEG C, spare；Bamboo chip is placed in a beaker, the hydroxide for being 25% with mass fraction
Sodium solution impregnates bamboo chip, places the beaker in the water-bath that bath temperature is 100 DEG C, and filter residue is obtained by filtration in isothermal reaction 4h, will
It filter residue 5 times wash with distilled water, is put into grinder and grinds, grinding product is made；According to parts by weight, 6 parts of grindings are weighed to produce
The ethanol solution that object, 1.8 parts of maleic anhydride crystal powders, 1.5 parts of acetic anhydrides, 0.6 part of potassium sulfate and 22 parts of mass fractions are 40%
It puts into three-necked flask, 60min is mixed with the revolving speed of 450r/min with blender, filter cake is obtained by filtration after stirring, will filter
Cake is placed in baking oven, and desciccate is made in dry 6h under conditions of temperature is 80 DEG C；According to parts by weight, weigh 2 parts it is above-mentioned
Desciccate, 1.2 parts of spare reaction products, 4 powder silica, 0.5 powder iron oxide, 0.4 part of copper oxide, 1.3 parts of zinc oxide and
Ground and mixed is uniform in 0.5 part of titanium oxide investment ball mill, puts into high temperature furnace, under conditions of argon gas protection, high-temperature blending
It reacts 110min and explosion-suppressing material is made.
Comparative example
With the explosion-suppressing material of company of Harbin City production as a comparison case in explosion-suppressing material produced by the present invention and comparative example
Explosion-suppressing material detected, testing result is as shown in table 1:
Tensile strength test
It is detected by the regulation of GB/T10120-2013.
Datonation-inhibition function test
The explosion-suppressing material in explosion-suppressing material produced by the present invention and comparative example is added in methane respectively and carries out methane explosion in fact
It tests.
1 performance measurement result of table
| Test item | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example |
| Tensile strength (MPa) | 265 | 274 | 281 | 182 |
| Yield strength (MPa) | 101 | 105 | 109 | 78 |
| Fatigue strength (MPa) | 65 | 68 | 70 | 48 |
| Elongation percentage (%) | 40.1 | 41.8 | 42.6 | 33.8 |
| Datonation-inhibition property | Blast pressure is small, explosion Sensitive period, is long, boosting speed Rate is slow | Blast pressure is small, explosion Sensitive period, is long, boosting speed Rate is slow | Blast pressure is small, quick-fried Fried sensitive period, is long, rises Press rate slow | Sensitive period of exploding, is short, rises Press rate fast |
According to data in table 1 it is found that explosion-suppressing material produced by the present invention, has good anti-extrusion, collapse, without scaling-off and strong
High datonation-inhibition function is spent, and simple process is easy, extends the service life of explosion-suppressing material, have broad prospects.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of explosion-suppressing material, it is characterised in that specific preparation step are as follows:
(1) according to parts by weight, 3~5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1~2 part of potassium sulfate and 2.5~2.8 parts of ammonium hydrogen phosphate investments are weighed to be blended
It is uniformly mixed obtained mixture in machine, the propanedione solution 1:10 in mass ratio of mixture and ethyl orthosilicate is put into beaker
In, it is mixed with blender, solidliquid mixture is made；
(2) dehydrated alcohol of solidliquid mixture quality 15~20% is added dropwise into above-mentioned beaker, places the beaker in sonic oscillation instrument
Sonic oscillation places the beaker in oil bath pan, heated at constant temperature after oscillation, places the beaker dry in baking oven, obtained reaction
Solid, it is spare；
(3) bamboo chip is placed in a beaker, impregnates bamboo chip with sodium hydroxide solution, places the beaker isothermal reaction in water-bath, mistake
Filter obtains filter residue, by filter residue 3~5 times wash with distilled water, is put into grinder and grinds, and grinding product is made；
(4) according to parts by weight, 4~6 parts of grinding products, 1.5~1.8 parts of maleic anhydride crystal powders, 1.2~1.5 parts are weighed
The ethanol solution that acetic anhydride, 0.4~0.6 part of potassium sulfate and 20~22 parts of mass fractions are 30~40% is put into three-necked flask, is used
Blender is mixed, and filter cake is obtained by filtration after stirring, and filter cake is placed in baking oven to dry, obtained desciccate；
(5) according to parts by weight, 1~2 part of above-mentioned desciccate, 0.8~1.2 part of spare reaction product, 3~4 powder oxygen are weighed
SiClx, 0.3~0.5 powder iron oxide, 0.2~0.4 part of copper oxide, 1.0~1.3 parts of zinc oxide and 0.3~0.5 part of titanium oxide investment
Ground and mixed is uniform in ball mill, puts into high temperature furnace, and under conditions of argon gas protection, datonation-inhibition material is made in high-temperature blending reaction
Material.
2. a kind of preparation method of explosion-suppressing material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is as described in step (1) just
The mass fraction of the propanedione of silester is 10~15%, and the revolving speed of blender is 500~600r/min, mixing time
For 3~5h.
3. a kind of preparation method of explosion-suppressing material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: surpass described in step (2)
Frequency in sound oscillation instrument is 30~32kHz, and duration of oscillation is 4~6h, and the oil bath temperature in oil bath pan is 160~180 DEG C, permanent
Warm heating time is 100~120min, and the temperature in baking oven is 100~110 DEG C, and drying time is 20~22h.
4. a kind of preparation method of explosion-suppressing material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: hydrogen described in step (3)
The mass fraction of sodium hydroxide solution is 20~25%, and the bath temperature in water-bath is 90~100 DEG C, the isothermal reaction time is 3~
4h。
5. a kind of preparation method of explosion-suppressing material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: second described in step (4)
The mass fraction of alcoholic solution is 30~40%, and the revolving speed of blender is 400~450r/min, mixing time is 50~
60min, the temperature in baking oven are 70~80 DEG C, and drying time is 4~6h.
6. a kind of preparation method of explosion-suppressing material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: height described in step (5)
The warm blending reaction time is 100~110min.
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