CN109264946A - A kind of method of step depth separation oily sludge - Google Patents
A kind of method of step depth separation oily sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN109264946A CN109264946A CN201811435921.5A CN201811435921A CN109264946A CN 109264946 A CN109264946 A CN 109264946A CN 201811435921 A CN201811435921 A CN 201811435921A CN 109264946 A CN109264946 A CN 109264946A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of step depth separation oily sludge, it can be used for common oily sludge or the oily sludge containing polymer, the method includes oily sludge is successively passed through to water phase thermal release, surfactant auxiliary thermal release and the separation of solvent assisting ultrasonic to carry out step processing.Step separating treatment is carried out to oily sludge through the above way, the oil content of greasy filth can be down to 5 ‰ or less, harm of the greasy filth to environment is greatly reduced, while also improving the recycling of oil product resource in oily sludge, provides technical support for the resource utilization of oily sludge.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sludge treatment field, it is related to a kind of method for separating oily sludge more particularly to a kind of step is deep
The method of degree separation oily sludge.
Background technique
Greasy filth refers in oilfield process that oil extraction, storage collects defeated, processing and crude oil Produced Liquid treatment process
The sludge of middle generation.It is broadly divided into: ground sludge, clear tank greasy filth with famous containing certain ingredients in crude oil or crude oil
With flotation dross etc..
The oil content of the oily sludge in oil field is usually 10%~30%.In China's oil chemical industries, produce every year on average
Raw 800,000 ton tank bed muds and bottom of pond mud, Shengli Oil Field generate oily sludge at 100,000 tons or more every year, and Dagang Oilfield generates every year
About 150,000 tons of oily sludge, Henan Oil Field generates 5 × 10 every year4m3Oily sludge.In oily sludge containing a large amount of benzene homologues,
The noxious material of the foul smellings such as phenols, anthracene and pyrene not only occupies a large amount of arable lands, and to week if not being pocessed direct emission
Serious pollution will all be generated by enclosing soil, water body and air, meanwhile, in sludge also containing a large amount of pathogen, helminth (ovum),
The poisonous and harmful substance difficult to degrade such as the heavy metals such as copper, zinc, chromium, mercury, salt and Polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxin, radionuclide,
The health of the mankind and animals and plants are also produced and seriously threatened.Currently, oil sludge and sand oneself through being classified as hazardous waste by country, according to HJ
607-2011 waste mineral oil recycles pollution control technology specification, and oily sludge of the oil content greater than 5%, oil sludge and sand should carry out
Regeneration；Oil sludge and sand oil content after oil-sand separation should be less than 2%, and oil patch oil content after oil bits separation should be less than
5%.
Since the mid-80, the developed countries such as the U.S., Japan, Germany and former Soviet Union begin one's study efficient low-consume processing
The method and technique of greasy filth.The method of processing oily sludge generally has both at home and abroad now: incineration method, biological treatment, hot wash are washed
Method, thermal desorption method, solvent extraction, chemical demulsification method, solid-liquid isolation method etc..Oily sludge is after burning disposal, Duo Zhongyou
Evil substance almost all removes, and works well, but its investment is big, at high cost, need to often be added combustion-supporting fuel, in burning process with
Serious air pollution, and crude oil cannot be recycled, so the practical efficiency in China's incinerator is lower.
Hot washing method is the method that U.S.EPA processing oily sludge preferentially uses, and this method energy consumption is low, expense
It is not high, be that process for treating oil-containing sludge that is more, relatively generalling use is studied in China at present, but this method there is also recovery efficiencies not
High problem, need to be to further perfect.
Thermal desorption is a kind of sludge high temperature processing method of remodeling, and greasy filth, which is heated to certain temperature under anoxic condition, makes hydrocarbon
Class and organic matter desorption, the early 1990s technique are rapidly developed and are applied in foreign countries, are primarily adapted for use in processing oil
Content be greater than 30% oily sludge, technique technology content with higher is more demanding to reaction condition, processing cost compared with
Height, operation is more complicated, and it is still necessary to further perfect.
Solvent extraction is a kind of effective skill to handle the oily sludge of the small oil-containing 10%-20% of the more particles of silt
Art, the technology utilization extractant dissolve oily sludge, and after agitated and centrifugation, most of organic matter and oil are extracted from mud
Agent extracts, and then recycling extract liquor, which is distilled, is separated from the mixture solvent to be recycled, and oil recovery is then used
In freshening, but higher cost, the efficiency of technique recovery processing are lower, also need further to solve key technical problem.
CN107253813A discloses a kind of recovery and treatment method of greasy filth, and the recovery and treatment method of the greasy filth includes such as
Lower step: (1) greasy filth, water and extractant in mass ratio 1:2:0.3-0.7 is mixed；Wherein, the extractant is to include low boiling
Select the compounding agent of organic solvent, dispersing agent and anionic surfactant；The mixture of step (2) is subjected to supersonic oscillations,
Form greasy filth extractant mixed solution；Greasy filth extractant mixed solution is subjected to solid-liquid centrifugation separation, obtains de-oiling sludge and oil
Water extractant mixed liquor；Grease extractant mixed liquor is subjected to water separation and oil purification recycling.But this method ignores polymer
Influence to greasy filth separating effect causes oil recovery rate lower.
CN101250420B provides a kind of method and system for handling sludge containing, comprising: a) by institute in a washer
It states oily sludge to be mixed in a heated condition with suitable water, stand, separate oily phase and the first slime layer；B) in pans
Middle stirring simultaneously heats the oily phase from washer, stands, is then discharged out the water and mud of lower part, retains the oily phase on top；C) from
The oil retained in pans is mutually finely separated by centrifugal action in scheming, the oil after separation is mutually discharged into oil storage tank；d)
The oil product after dehydration, desliming from centrifuge is stood in the oil storage tank, obtains oil recovery；E) in body refuse processor
Cavitation handles the first body refuse from washer, removes residual oil therein, and the oil on body refuse processor top is mutually discharged into
In pans.This method device therefor is complex, and processing cost is higher and efficiency is lower.
CN102583919A discloses a kind of device and method of ultrasonic wave auxiliary greasy filth hot water wash, and the method is with 12
As surfactant, being made into concentration after three's mixed in equal amounts is for sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and sodium carbonate
The cleaning solution of 2.0g/L, solvent are common clear water.Set hot water wash parameter are as follows: temperature 60 C, time 30min, agitator speed
200r/min；Ultrasonic parameters are as follows: time 15min, power 400w, frequency 40khz.After processing, the crude oil of oily sludge returns
Yield is up to 98.70-99.20%.The oil content of upper layer sump oil is 97.32-98.95%, slag-containing rate 1.32- after processing
0.59%, moisture content 1.36-0.46%, it is basic up to crude refining standard.This method consumes a large amount of surfactant,
It is unfavorable for improving resource utilization.
The popularization and application of tertiary oil production in oil field polymer flooding make to form a large amount of polymer-containing oil sludge in oilfield produced fluid.Contain
A kind of special category of the poly- greasy filth as oily sludge, its complicated composition, oil component therein, polyacrylamide, solid
The interaction such as grain, surfactant flocculant, forms complicated, stable system, deals with more difficult than general greasy filth.
Currently, the cleaning technique of domestic each elephant is usually that 70-80 DEG C of oil field oil extraction waste water is washed, it is believed that polymer is in high temperature
Water in can dissolve, do not influence the separation of greasy filth, ignore influence of the polymer to greasy filth separating effect, lead to oil recovery rate
It is low, maximum Sources decreasing is not carried out in oily sludge harmless treatment process.This just gives subsequent chemical oxygen
Change, be pyrolyzed, burning and the main process such as biological treatment increase pollutional load.
Therefore, in general, a kind of high-efficient and inexpensive greasy filth depth separating technology, the early period managed at which are developed
Waste oil in recycling sludge to greatest extent is the key that optimization oil soil treatment technique.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of methods of step depth separation oily sludge, can
For common oily sludge or containing the oily sludge of polymer, oily sludge is carried out by using method provided by the invention
The oil content of greasy filth can be down to 5 ‰ hereinafter, the harm for greatly reducing greasy filth to environment, while also mentioned by step separating treatment
The recycling of oil product resource, provides technical support for the resource utilization of oily sludge in high oily sludge.
For this purpose, present invention employs following technical solutions:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of methods of step depth separation oily sludge, which comprises
Oily sludge, which successively passes through water phase thermal release, surfactant auxiliary thermal release and the separation of solvent assisting ultrasonic, to carry out
Step processing.
Contain a certain proportion of pitch in oily sludge, pitch has stronger adhesion, can allow oil in greasy filth
A large amount of claddings in solids, bring difficulty to the dehydration and de-oiling of oily sludge.Step depth provided by the invention separation side
In method, cleaning separation is carried out to oily sludge using hydro-thermal first, the hot-fluid state effect that water is utilized improves the fluffy degree of sludge,
Increase the specific surface area of sludge.Then, thermal release is assisted using surfactant, the parents that surfactant is utilized make
With, oil-water interfaces are destroyed, interfacial tension is reduced, oil phase substance is promoted to be detached from from Sludge Surface, illustratively, the table
Face activating agent can be selected from anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant and nonionic surfactant and silicic acid
The auxiliary agents such as sodium, sodium hydroxide.Finally, separating using solvent assisting ultrasonic, the hole effect of the polarity cooperation ultrasound of solvent is utilized
Should and mechanical effect, accelerate the warm-up movement of solvent molecule, solvent promoted to come into full contact with greasy filth, not only accelerate cleaning speed
Also improve cleaning efficiency.It is mutually cooperateed between the separation of three step steps, ideal isolation of purified effect has been finally reached, so that oily
The oil content of mud is down to 5 ‰ or less.
Preferably, the method for the step depth separation oily sludge, comprising the following steps:
(1) light component in oily sludge is recycled using the method for water phase thermal release；
(2) remaining light component and part gluing matter are recycled using surfactant auxiliary thermal cleaning；
(3) asphalitine is recycled using the method for solvent assisting ultrasonic extraction；
Preferably, the moisture content of the oily sludge be 50-80%, such as 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or
80%.
Preferably, the oil content of the oily sludge be 10-50%, such as 10%, 12%, 15%, 20%, 25%,
30%, 40% or 50%.
Preferably, the method for the step depth separation oily sludge, specifically includes the following steps:
(I) oily sludge is mixed with water, isolates the first solid residue therein；
(II) the first solid residue of step (I) separation is mixed with the aqueous solution containing surfactant, is isolated therein
Second solid residue；
(III) the second solid residue of step (II) separation is mixed with solvent, and it is residual to isolate third solid therein after ultrasound
Slag.
Preferably, mixed process described in step (I) includes: and stands after oily sludge and water heating stirring.
The present invention carries out cleaning separation to oily sludge using hydro-thermal first, and the hot-fluid state effect that water is utilized improves dirt
The fluffy degree of mud increases the specific surface area of sludge, provides the foundation for the cleaning action of surfactant.
Preferably, the quality of the water is equal with the quality of the oily sludge.
Preferably, the temperature of the heating is 50-90 DEG C, such as 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 65 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 75 DEG C, 80
DEG C, 85 DEG C or 90 DEG C, preferably 60-80 DEG C, further preferred 70 DEG C.
Preferably, the time of the stirring is 5-20min, such as 5min, 8min, 10min, 12min, 15min, 18min
Or 20min, preferably 10-18min, further preferred 15min.
Preferably, the time of the standing is 5-20min, such as 5min, 8min, 10min, 12min, 15min, 18min
Or 20min, preferably 10-18min, further preferred 15min.
Preferably, separation process described in step (I) includes: to separate to step (I) mixed solution, obtains oil
Phase, water phase and the first solid residue.
Preferably, separation process described in step (I) specifically includes: mixed liquor stratification obtains oily phase and the first residue
Layer, is separated by solid-liquid separation the first residual layer to obtain water phase and the first solid residue.
Preferably, described to be separated by solid-liquid separation as centrifuge separation, filtering, sedimentation, filters pressing or standing.
Preferably, the oil phase and water phase are recycled.
Preferably, the oil content in first solid residue is down to 5% of oil content in the oily sludge.It is preferred that
Ground, mixed process described in step (II) include: the first solid residue with it is quiet after the aqueous solution heating stirring containing surfactant
It sets.Present invention utilizes the parents of surfactant effects, destroy oil-water interfaces, reduce interfacial tension, promote oil phase thing
Matter is detached from from Sludge Surface.The combination solution system coexisted using two or more surfactant is in a certain concentration model
Enclosing the interior cleaning to greasy filth has synergistic effect, and yin/nonionic surfactant compounding solubilising is greater than single surface-active
Agent, synergistic solubilization are mainly that the critical micelle concentration (CMC value) of the surface-active compounded significantly reduces, and alkaline auxiliary agent is also
CMC value can be reduced.The surfactant can selected from anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant and it is non-from
The auxiliary agents such as sub- surfactant and sodium metasilicate, sodium hydroxide.
Preferably, the quality containing aqueous surfactant solution is equal with the quality of first solid residue.
Preferably, the surfactant is selected from odium stearate, sodium metasilicate, neopelex or coconut oil list second
In alkylolamides any one or at least two combination.
Preferably, the concentration containing aqueous surfactant solution be 1-5%, such as 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%,
3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5% or 5%, preferably 2-4%, further preferred 2%.
Preferably, the temperature of the heating is 50-90 DEG C, such as 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 65 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 75 DEG C, 80
DEG C, 85 DEG C or 90 DEG C, preferably 60-80 DEG C, further preferred 70 DEG C.
Preferably, the time of the stirring is 5-20min, such as 5min, 8min, 10min, 12min, 15min, 18min
Or 20min, preferably 10-18min, further preferred 15min.
Preferably, the time of the standing be 10-40min, such as 10min, 12min, 15min, 18min, 20min,
22min, 24min, 26min, 28min, 30min, 32min, 34min, 36min, 38min or 40min, preferably 20-30min, into
The preferred 30min of one step.
Preferably, separation process described in step (II) includes: to separate to step (II) mixed solution, is obtained
Oil phase, water phase and the first solid residue therein.
Preferably, separation process described in step (II) specifically includes: mixed liquor stratification obtains oily mutually residual with second
Slag blanket is separated by solid-liquid separation the second residual layer to obtain water phase and the second solid residue.
Preferably, described to be separated by solid-liquid separation as centrifuge separation, filtering, sedimentation, filters pressing or standing.
Preferably, the oil phase and water phase are recycled.
Preferably, the oil content in second solid residue is down to 2% of oil content in the oily sludge.
Preferably, solvent quality described in step (III) is equal with the quality of second solid residue.
Preferably, the solvent is any one in petroleum ether, diesel oil, toluene, chloroform or gasoline etc. or two kinds
Combination.
Preferably, the time of the ultrasound is 5-20min, such as 5min, 8min, 10min, 12min, 15min, 18min
Or 20min, preferably 10-18min, further preferred 15min.Cooperate ultrasonic cavitation using the polarity of solvent, will be coated in greasy filth
Oil separate.
Preferably, the mixed liquor after the ultrasound is stood.
Preferably, the time of the standing be 10-40min, such as 10min, 12min, 15min, 18min, 20min,
22min, 24min, 26min, 28min, 30min, 32min, 34min, 36min, 38min or 40min, preferably 20-30min, into
The preferred 30min of one step.
Preferably, separation process described in step (III) includes: to separate to step (III) mixed solution, is obtained
Oil phase, water phase and third solid residue therein.
Preferably, separation process described in step (III) specifically includes: mixed liquor stratification obtains oily mutually residual with third
Slag blanket is separated by solid-liquid separation third residual layer to obtain water phase and third solid residue.
Preferably, described to be separated by solid-liquid separation as centrifuge separation, filtering, sedimentation, filters pressing or standing.
Preferably, the oil phase and water phase are recycled.
Preferably, the oil content in the third solid residue is down to 5 ‰ of oil content in the oily sludge.
Second aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of oily sludges that resourcebility utilizes, and the oily sludge is using such as
Method described in first aspect handles to obtain.
Preferably, total petroleum hydrocarbons content≤1% in the oily sludge.
Preferably, oil content≤5 ‰ in the oily sludge.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
The method of a kind of step depth separation oily sludge provided by the invention, by successively carrying out water phase thermal release, table
Face activating agent assists the gradient separations of thermal release and the separation of solvent assisting ultrasonic, and three kinds of separate modes have synergistic effect, can will
The oil content of greasy filth is down to 5 ‰ hereinafter, the total petroleum hydrocarbons content in greasy filth is down to 1% hereinafter, greatly reducing greasy filth to environment
Harm, while also improving the recycling of oil product resource in oily sludge, provide technology branch for the resource utilization of oily sludge
Support.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by means of specific implementation.
Embodiment 1
The method for present embodiments providing a kind of step depth separation oily sludge, the method includes water phase thermal release,
Surfactant assists thermal release and solvent assisting ultrasonic to separate three steps, specific steps are as follows:
(1) water phase thermal release: taking the polymer-containing oil sludge in certain the domestic oil field 1kg, moisture content 62%, and total petroleum hydrocarbons content is
28%, the polymer-containing oil sludge of sampling is placed in glass beaker, 1L water is added, the heating stirring 15min in 70 DEG C of water-baths is stood
15min, mixed liquor layering, upper oil phase is separated and recovered, the first residual layer of lower layer is taken, and is carried out liquid to the first residual layer and is centrifuged admittedly
Separation, isolated water phase and the first solid residue, water phase recycling use.
(2) surfactant assists thermal release: the cleaning that 100g effective solid content is 2% is added in the first solid residue
Agent, wherein 100g cleaning agent includes 9g sodium metasilicate, 90g neopelex and 1g Coconut Fatty Acid Monoethanolamide, is mixed molten
Liquid heating stirring 15min in 70 DEG C of water-baths, then stands 30min, and upper oil phase is separated and recovered, removed by mixed liquor layering
The second residual layer of layer carries out liquid to the second residual layer and is centrifugated admittedly, isolated water phase and the second solid residue, water phase recycling
It uses.
(3) solvent assisting ultrasonic separates: 20mL petroleum ether is added in the second solid residue, it is ultrasonic in Vltrasonic device
15min, then stands 30min, and upper oil phase is separated and recovered, lower layer's third residual layer taken, to third residue by mixed liquor layering
Layer carries out liquid and is centrifugated admittedly, isolated water phase and third solid residue, and water phase recycling uses.Third solid residue is sampled
Analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
The difference from embodiment 1 is that the cleaning agent that step (2) uses replaces with 100g odium stearate, step (3) is used
Petroleum ether solvent replace with diesel oil, the operating condition of other steps is same as Example 1.
To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
The difference from embodiment 1 is that the cleaning agent that step (2) uses replaces with 100g sodium metasilicate, step (3) is used
Petroleum ether solvent replaces with toluene, and the operating condition of other steps is same as Example 1.
To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
The difference from embodiment 1 is that the cleaning agent that step (2) uses replaces with 100g neopelex, step
Suddenly the petroleum ether solvent that (3) use replaces with toluene, and the operating condition of other steps is same as Example 1.
To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
The difference from embodiment 1 is that the cleaning agent that step (2) uses replaces with 100g Coconut Fatty Acid Monoethanolamide, step
Suddenly the petroleum ether solvent that (3) use replaces with chloroform, and the operating condition of other steps is same as Example 1.
To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 6
The difference from embodiment 1 is that the 100g cleaning agent composition that step (2) uses includes 5g sodium metasilicate and 95g 12
Sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, the petroleum ether solvent that step (3) uses replace with gasoline, operating condition and 1 phase of embodiment of other steps
Together.
To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 7
The difference from embodiment 1 is that the 100g cleaning agent composition that step (2) uses includes 10g sodium metasilicate and 90g 12
Sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, the petroleum ether solvent that step (3) uses replace with the mixed solvent of the quality such as petroleum ether and diesel oil, other steps
Rapid operating condition is same as Example 1.
To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 8
The difference from embodiment 1 is that the 100g cleaning agent composition that step (2) uses includes 10g coconut oil monoethanol acyl
Amine and 90g neopelex, the petroleum ether solvent that step (3) uses replace with the mixing of the quality such as stone diesel oil and toluene
The operating condition of solvent, other steps is same as Example 1.
To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 9
The difference from embodiment 1 is that the 100g cleaning agent composition that step (2) uses includes 8g stearic acid and 92g 12
Sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, the petroleum ether solvent that step (3) uses replace with the mixed solvent of the quality such as toluene and chloroform, other
The operating condition of step is same as Example 1.
To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 10
The difference from embodiment 1 is that the 100g cleaning agent composition that step (2) uses includes for 60g stearic acid and 40g coconut palm
Oleic monoethanolamide, the petroleum ether solvent that step (3) uses replace with the mixed solvent of the quality such as chloroform and gasoline,
His operating condition of step is same as Example 1.
To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 11
The method for present embodiments providing a kind of step depth separation oily sludge, the method includes water phase thermal release,
Surfactant assists thermal release and solvent assisting ultrasonic to separate three steps, specific steps are as follows:
(1) water phase thermal release: taking the polymer-containing oil sludge in certain the domestic oil field 1kg, moisture content 53%, and total petroleum hydrocarbons content is
35%, the polymer-containing oil sludge of sampling is placed in glass beaker, 1L water is added, the heating stirring 20min in 50 DEG C of water-baths is stood
20min, mixed liquor layering, upper oil phase is separated and recovered, the first residual layer of lower layer is taken, and is carried out liquid to the first residual layer and is filtered admittedly
Separation, isolated water phase and the first solid residue, water phase recycling use.
(2) surfactant assists thermal release: the cleaning that 100g effective solid content is 5% is added in the first solid residue
Agent, wherein 100g cleaning agent includes 9g stearic acid, 90g neopelex and 1g Coconut Fatty Acid Monoethanolamide, is mixed molten
Liquid heating stirring 20min in 50 DEG C of water-baths, then stands 40min, and upper oil phase is separated and recovered, removed by mixed liquor layering
The second residual layer of layer carries out liquid to the second residual layer and is separated by filtration admittedly, isolated water phase and the second solid residue, water phase recycling
It uses.
(3) solvent assisting ultrasonic separates: 30mL petroleum ether is added in the second solid residue, it is ultrasonic in Vltrasonic device
20min, then stands 40min, and upper oil phase is separated and recovered, lower layer's third residual layer taken, to third residue by mixed liquor layering
Layer carries out liquid and is separated by filtration admittedly, isolated water phase and third solid residue, and water phase recycling uses.Third solid residue is sampled
Analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 12
The method for present embodiments providing a kind of step depth separation oily sludge, the method includes water phase thermal release,
Surfactant assists thermal release and solvent assisting ultrasonic to separate three steps, specific steps are as follows:
(1) water phase thermal release: taking the polymer-containing oil sludge in certain the domestic oil field 1kg, moisture content 68%, and total petroleum hydrocarbons content is
28%, the polymer-containing oil sludge of sampling is placed in glass beaker, 1L water is added, the heating stirring 18min in 60 DEG C of water-baths is stood
18min, mixed liquor layering, upper oil phase is separated and recovered, the first residual layer of lower layer is taken, and is carried out liquid to the first residual layer and is settled admittedly
Separation, isolated water phase and the first solid residue, water phase recycling use.
(2) surfactant assists thermal release: the cleaning that 100g effective solid content is 4% is added in the first solid residue
Agent, wherein 100g cleaning agent includes 9g sodium metasilicate, 90g neopelex and 1g Coconut Fatty Acid Monoethanolamide, is mixed molten
Liquid heating stirring 18min in 60 DEG C of water-baths, then stands 30min, and upper oil phase is separated and recovered, removed by mixed liquor layering
The second residual layer of layer carries out liquid to the second residual layer and consolidates sedimentation separation, isolated water phase and the second solid residue, water phase recycling
It uses.
(3) solvent assisting ultrasonic separates: 23mL petroleum ether is added in the second solid residue, it is ultrasonic in Vltrasonic device
18min, then stands 30min, and upper oil phase is separated and recovered, lower layer's third residual layer taken, to third residue by mixed liquor layering
Layer carries out liquid and consolidates sedimentation separation, isolated water phase and third solid residue, and water phase recycling uses.Third solid residue is sampled
Analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 13
The method for present embodiments providing a kind of step depth separation oily sludge, the method includes water phase thermal release,
Surfactant assists thermal release and solvent assisting ultrasonic to separate three steps, specific steps are as follows:
(1) water phase thermal release: taking the polymer-containing oil sludge in certain the domestic oil field 1kg, moisture content 74%, and total petroleum hydrocarbons content is
15%, the polymer-containing oil sludge of sampling is placed in glass beaker, 1L water is added, the heating stirring 10min in 80 DEG C of water-baths is stood
10min, mixed liquor layering, upper oil phase is separated and recovered, the first residual layer of lower layer is taken, and carries out liquid solid pressure filter to the first residual layer
Separation, isolated water phase and the first solid residue, water phase recycling use.
(2) surfactant assists thermal release: the cleaning that 100g effective solid content is 2% is added in the first solid residue
Agent, wherein 100g cleaning agent includes 9g sodium metasilicate, 90g neopelex and 1g Coconut Fatty Acid Monoethanolamide, is mixed molten
Liquid heating stirring 10min in 80 DEG C of water-baths, then stands 20min, and upper oil phase is separated and recovered, removed by mixed liquor layering
The second residual layer of layer carries out liquid solid pressure filter separation, isolated water phase and the second solid residue, water phase recycling to the second residual layer
It uses.
(3) solvent assisting ultrasonic separates: 28mL petroleum ether is added in the second solid residue, it is ultrasonic in Vltrasonic device
10min, then stands 20min, and upper oil phase is separated and recovered, lower layer's third residual layer taken, to third residue by mixed liquor layering
Layer carries out liquid solid pressure filter separation, isolated water phase and third solid residue, and water phase recycling uses.Third solid residue is sampled
Analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 14
The method for present embodiments providing a kind of step depth separation oily sludge, the method includes water phase thermal release,
Surfactant assists thermal release and solvent assisting ultrasonic to separate three steps, specific steps are as follows:
(1) water phase thermal release: taking the polymer-containing oil sludge in certain the domestic oil field 1kg, moisture content 78%, and total petroleum hydrocarbons content is
13%, the polymer-containing oil sludge of sampling is placed in glass beaker, 1L water is added, the heating stirring 5min in 90 DEG C of water-baths is stood
5min, mixed liquor layering, upper oil phase is separated and recovered, the first residual layer of lower layer is taken, and carries out settle and separate to the first residual layer,
Isolated water phase and the first solid residue, water phase recycling use.
(2) surfactant assists thermal release: the cleaning that 100g effective solid content is 1% is added in the first solid residue
Agent, wherein 100g cleaning agent includes 9g sodium metasilicate, 90g neopelex and 1g Coconut Fatty Acid Monoethanolamide, is mixed molten
Liquid heating stirring 5min in 90 DEG C of water-baths, then stands 10min, and upper oil phase is separated and recovered, takes lower layer by mixed liquor layering
Second residual layer carries out liquid to the second residual layer and consolidates settle and separate, isolated water phase and the second solid residue, and water phase recycling makes
With.
(3) solvent assisting ultrasonic separates: 32mL petroleum ether is added in the second solid residue, it is ultrasonic in Vltrasonic device
5min, then stands 10min, and upper oil phase is separated and recovered, lower layer's third residual layer taken, to third residue by mixed liquor layering
Layer carries out liquid and consolidates settle and separate, isolated water phase and third solid residue, and water phase recycling uses.Third solid residue is sampled
Analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
The difference from embodiment 1 is that saving step (1), the operating condition of other steps is same as Example 1.To point
From obtained solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference from embodiment 1 is that saving step (2), the operating condition of other steps is same as Example 1.To point
From obtained solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
The difference from embodiment 1 is that saving step (3), the operating condition of other steps is same as Example 1.To point
From obtained solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 4
The difference from embodiment 1 is that only retaining step (1), the operating condition of other steps is same as Example 1.It is right
Isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 5
The difference from embodiment 1 is that only retaining step (2), the operating condition of other steps is same as Example 1.It is right
Isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 6
The difference from embodiment 1 is that only retaining step (3), the operating condition of other steps is same as Example 1.It is right
Isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 7
The difference from embodiment 1 is that by the reversed order of step (1) and step (2), oily sludge successively carries out surface
Activating agent assists thermal release, water phase thermal release and the separation of solvent assisting ultrasonic, the operating condition and embodiment 1 of separating steps at different levels
It is identical.To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 8
The difference from embodiment 1 is that by the reversed order of step (2) and step (3), oily sludge successively carries out water phase
Thermal release, the separation of solvent assisting ultrasonic and surfactant assist thermal release, the operating condition and embodiment 1 of separating steps at different levels
It is identical.To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 9
The difference from embodiment 1 is that by the reversed order of step (1) and step (3), oily sludge successively carries out solvent
Assisting ultrasonic separation, water phase thermal release and surfactant assist thermal release, the operating condition and embodiment 1 of separating steps at different levels
It is identical.To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 10
The difference from embodiment 1 is that step (1)-(3) sequence is overturned two-by-two, oily sludge successively carries out surface
Activating agent assists thermal release, the separation of solvent assisting ultrasonic and water phase thermal release, the operating condition and embodiment 1 of separating steps at different levels
It is identical.To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 11
The difference from embodiment 1 is that step (1)-(3) sequence is overturned two-by-two, oily sludge successively carries out solvent
Assisting ultrasonic separation, water phase thermal release and surfactant assist thermal release, the operating condition and embodiment 1 of separating steps at different levels
It is identical.To isolated solid residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 12
Use in CN107253813A method disclosed in embodiment 1 to moisture content for 62%, total petroleum hydrocarbons content 28%
Polymer-containing oil sludge separated, other operating conditions are identical as CN107253813A disclosed embodiment 1.Isolated is consolidated
Body residue sampling analysis, detection obtains total petroleum hydrocarbons content therein and oil content is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Comprehensive analysis embodiment 1-14 can be seen that using step depth separation method provided by the invention to oily sludge
Step separation is carried out, the extremely low oily sludge of available total petroleum hydrocarbons content is protected for following resourceization using the technology that provides
Card.Meanwhile isolated water is reusable in the process, does not generate secondary pollution.
Comprehensive analysis embodiment 1-10 can be seen that the constituent content for changing cleaning agent in step (2), to oily sludge
Separation cleaning effect produce influence, since the surfactant in cleaning agent can destroy oil-water interface, reduce between interface
Surface tension, the solution system that two or more surfactant coexists is within the scope of a certain concentration to the clear of greasy filth
Washing has synergistic effect, and yin/nonionic surfactant compounding solubilising is greater than single surfactant, synergistic solubilization
The critical micelle concentration (CMC value) of the surface-active mainly compounded significantly reduces, and alkaline auxiliary agent can also reduce CMC value.
Comprehensive analysis embodiment 1 and comparative example 1-6 can be seen that save wherein a certain step separation or the separation of certain two step after,
The total petroleum hydrocarbons content in oily sludge that purified treatment obtains is above in embodiment 1-5, " land oil natural gas extraction
Oily sludge comprehensive utilization of resources and pollution control technology requirement " propose that oily sludge of the total petroleum hydrocarbons content lower than 2% can
Resource utilization is carried out, and comparative example 1-3 treated oily sludge is also not up to above-mentioned technical standard, it can not be to treated
Sludge carries out resource utilization.This is because each in three steps step partition method provided by the invention is at entire sludge
Different effects is played during science and engineering skill, such as the hot-fluid state effect raising dirt of water is utilized in the separation of first step conventional hydrothermal
The fluffy degree of mud increases the specific surface area of sludge；Surfactant is then utilized in the auxiliary thermal release of second step surfactant
Parents effect, promote oil phase substance from Sludge Surface be detached from；The pole of solvent is utilized in the solvent assisting ultrasonic separation of third step
Property cooperation ultrasound void effect and mechanical effect, accelerate the warm-up movement of solvent molecule, solvent promoted to come into full contact with greasy filth,
It not only accelerates cleaning speed and also improves cleaning efficiency.The separation of three steps is progressive, mutually cooperates with, indispensable, finally
It can reach ideal separating effect.
Comprehensive analysis embodiment 1 and comparative example 7-11 can be seen that the separating effect after upsetting separation sequence and embodiment
There is also biggish gaps for the separating effect of generation, this illustrates that the sequence of three step steps separation also plays separating effect
Vital influence, such as before the separation of third step solvent assisting ultrasonic is moved to first step water phase thermal release, sludge at this time
Specific surface area it is smaller, solvent is corresponding to the contact area of sludge to be reduced, so as to cause solvent assisting ultrasonic separation can not be normal
It plays a role；If equally will appear surface before the surfactant thermal release of second step is moved to first step water phase thermal release
The active area deficiency of activating agent and sludge leads to not the cleaning effect for normally playing surfactant.
Comprehensive analysis embodiment 1 and comparative example 12 are as can be seen that using the oil sludge separation method of the offer of comparative example 12 to reality
The polymer-containing oil sludge applied in example 1 is separated, and final separating effect is unsatisfactory, this is because the separation side that comparative example 12 provides
Method mixes cleaning agent with greasy filth, separates, is considered as three steps step provided by the invention after carrying out ultrasound to mixed solution
Separation permeates to walk and carry out, and leads to the forfeiture mutually to act synergistically between each step separation, therefore be unable to reach institute of the invention in fact
Existing separation cleaning effect.
In conclusion each step separation process involved in the method for step depth separation oily sludge provided by the invention
Not it is individually present, but mutually collaboration, back provides separation basis for latter step, with single sludge separating technology side
Method is compared, and no matter from the point of view of separating effect or economic benefit level, all has significant advantage.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It describes in detail bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
The Applicant declares that the present invention is explained by the above embodiments detailed process equipment and process flow of the invention,
But the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, that is, it is above-mentioned detailed not mean that the present invention must rely on
Process equipment and process flow could be implemented.It should be clear to those skilled in the art, any improvement in the present invention,
Addition, selection of concrete mode of equivalence replacement and auxiliary element to each raw material of product of the present invention etc., all fall within of the invention
Within protection scope and the open scope.
The Applicant declares that the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention not office
It is limited to this, it should be clear to those skilled in the art, any to belong to those skilled in the art and take off in the present invention
In the technical scope of dew, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, and all of which fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.
The Applicant declares that the present invention is explained by the above embodiments method detailed of the invention, but the present invention not office
Be limited to above-mentioned method detailed, that is, do not mean that the invention must rely on the above detailed methods to implement.Technical field
Technical staff it will be clearly understood that any improvement in the present invention, equivalence replacement and auxiliary element to each raw material of product of the present invention
Addition, selection of concrete mode etc., all of which fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of step depth separation oily sludge, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Oily sludge successively passes through water phase thermal release, surfactant auxiliary thermal release and the separation of solvent assisting ultrasonic and carries out step
Processing.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the described method comprises the following steps:
(1) light component in oily sludge is recycled using the method for water phase thermal release；
(2) remaining light component and part gluing matter are recycled using surfactant auxiliary thermal cleaning；
(3) asphalitine is recycled using the method for solvent assisting ultrasonic extraction；
Preferably, the moisture content of the oily sludge is 50-80%；
Preferably, the oil content of the oily sludge is 10-50%.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
(I) oily sludge is mixed with water, isolates the first solid residue therein；
(II) the first solid residue of step (I) separation is mixed with the aqueous solution containing surfactant, isolates therein second
Solid residue；
(III) the second solid residue of step (II) separation is mixed with solvent, isolates third solid residue therein after ultrasound.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, mixed process described in step (I) include: oily sludge with
It is stood after water heating stirring；
Preferably, the quality of the water is equal with the quality of the oily sludge；
Preferably, the temperature of the heating is 50-90 DEG C, preferably 60-80 DEG C, further preferred 70 DEG C；
Preferably, the time of the stirring is 5-20min, preferably 10-18min, further preferred 15min；
Preferably, the time of the standing is 5-20min, preferably 10-18min, further preferred 15min.
5. the method according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that separation process described in step (I) includes: to step
(I) mixed solution is separated, and obtains oily phase, water phase and the first solid residue；
Preferably, separation process described in step (I) specifically includes: mixed liquor stratification obtains oily phase and the first residual layer,
First residual layer is separated by solid-liquid separation to obtain water phase and the first solid residue；
Preferably, described to be separated by solid-liquid separation as centrifuge separation, filtering, sedimentation, filters pressing or standing；
Preferably, the oil phase and water phase are recycled；
Preferably, the oil content in first solid residue is down to 5% of oil content in the oily sludge.
6. according to the described in any item methods of claim 3-5, which is characterized in that mixed process described in step (II) includes:
It is stood after first solid residue and the aqueous solution heating stirring containing surfactant；
Preferably, the quality containing aqueous surfactant solution is equal with the quality of first solid residue；
Preferably, the surfactant is selected from odium stearate, sodium metasilicate, neopelex or coconut oil monoethanol acyl
In amine any one or at least two combination；
Preferably, the concentration containing aqueous surfactant solution is 1-5%, preferably 2-4%, further preferred 2%；
Preferably, the temperature of the heating is 50-90 DEG C, preferably 60-80 DEG C, further preferred 70 DEG C；
Preferably, the time of the stirring is 5-20min, preferably 10-18min, further preferred 15min；
Preferably, the time of the standing is 10-40min, preferably 20-30min, further preferred 30min.
7. according to the described in any item methods of claim 3-6, which is characterized in that separation process described in step (II) includes:
Step (II) mixed solution is separated, oily phase, water phase and the first solid residue therein are obtained；
Preferably, separation process described in step (II) specifically includes: mixed liquor stratification obtains oily phase and the second residual layer,
Second residual layer is separated by solid-liquid separation to obtain water phase and the second solid residue；
Preferably, described to be separated by solid-liquid separation as centrifuge separation, filtering, sedimentation, filters pressing or standing；
Preferably, the oil phase and water phase are recycled；
Preferably, the oil content in second solid residue is down to 2% of oil content in the oily sludge.
8. according to the described in any item methods of claim 3-7, which is characterized in that solvent quality described in step (III) with it is described
The quality of second solid residue is equal；
Preferably, the solvent is the combination of any one or two kinds in petroleum ether, diesel oil, toluene, chloroform or gasoline；
Preferably, the time of the ultrasound is 5-20min, preferably 10-18min, further preferred 15min；
Preferably, the mixed liquor after the ultrasound is stood；
Preferably, the time of the standing is 10-40min, preferably 20-30min, further preferred 30min.
9. according to the described in any item methods of claim 3-8, which is characterized in that separation process described in step (III) includes:
Step (III) mixed solution is separated, oily phase, water phase and third solid residue therein are obtained；
Preferably, separation process described in step (III) specifically includes: mixed liquor stratification obtains oily phase and third residual layer,
Third residual layer is separated by solid-liquid separation to obtain water phase and third solid residue；
Preferably, described to be separated by solid-liquid separation as centrifuge separation, filtering, sedimentation, filters pressing or standing；
Preferably, the oil phase and water phase are recycled；
Preferably, the oil content in the third solid residue is down to 5 ‰ of oil content in the oily sludge.
10. a kind of oily sludge that resourcebility utilizes, which is characterized in that the oily sludge is any using claim 1-9
Method described in handles to obtain；
Preferably, total petroleum hydrocarbons content≤1% in the oily sludge；
Preferably, oil content≤5 ‰ in the oily sludge.
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