CN109264721A - A kind of method that mechanochemical method prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder - Google Patents
A kind of method that mechanochemical method prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN109264721A CN109264721A CN201811210238.1A CN201811210238A CN109264721A CN 109264721 A CN109264721 A CN 109264721A CN 201811210238 A CN201811210238 A CN 201811210238A CN 109264721 A CN109264721 A CN 109264721A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
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- C01B32/949—Tungsten or molybdenum carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that mechanochemical method prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, comprising: by being in mass ratio that 6~10:1 is mixed by order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal and carbon black, to be configured to mixed raw material;The mixed raw material is encased in the ball grinder of ball mill, after adding mill ball, inert gas shielding or vacuumize process are carried out to the ball grinder;After the ball grinder is put into the burner hearth of the ball mill, ball milling is carried out to the mixed raw material by the ball mill;And in mechanical milling process, after the burner hearth is warming up to 850~950 DEG C, 70~90h is kept the temperature to the burner hearth;The ball mill is closed, and the burner hearth is cooled to room temperature, the ball grinder is taken out, even-grained superfine tungsten carbide powder can be obtained.The present invention not only has the advantages that simple process, consumes energy less, is at low cost, and can also shorten the reaction time, has a high industrial value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tungsten carbide base carbide alloy technical fields, and in particular to a kind of mechanochemical method prepares ultra-fine carbon
Change the method for tungsten powder.
Background technique
As nowadays science and technology rapid development, the demand of industrial production and people's daily life to hard alloy are increasing.
For ultrafine tungsten carbide (WC) as current most widely used cemented carbide material, not only hardness is high, wearability is good, but also has
High intensity and toughness, therefore be used widely in difficult machining field.And actually, when other tangent conditions etc.
With in the case where, each single item performance of tungsten carbide base carbide alloy, such as hardness, modulus, wearability, compression strength are all with carbon
Change the reduction of tungsten powder average particle size and enhance, so of far-reaching significance for preparing for superfine tungsten carbide powder.
Currently, the superfine tungsten carbide powder preparation process that industrial application is wide, predominantly tungsten oxide hydrogen reduction carbonizatin method,
And high-energy ball milling method;And tungsten oxide hydrogen reduction carbonizatin method needs to lead to hydrogen into high temperature furnace and tungstic acid is reduced into tungsten powder,
Tungsten powder is mixed with carbon black by equimolar ratio again, is carbonized in a hydrogen atmosphere, carburizing temperature is 1400~1600 DEG C, the party
Method process flow is complicated, and energy consumption is high, at high cost;And high-energy ball milling rule needs tungsten powder and carbon dust after mixing, to be put into and turn
Speed, which is up in the high energy ball mill of 800r/min, carries out long-time ball milling, and the method is more demanding to drum's speed of rotation, and
And ball milling crusher machine WC powder efficiency is lower, it is therefore desirable to which the quite long broken time, the size distribution of product is more difficult to control, shadow
Ring powder property.
In conclusion tungsten oxide hydrogen reduction carbonizatin method and high-energy ball milling method are gone back when preparation produces superfine tungsten carbide powder
There are some technological difficulties, and therefore, it is necessary to a kind of processes suitable for process level production superfine tungsten carbide powder.
Summary of the invention
Place in view of the deficiency of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of mechanochemical methods to prepare ultra-fine carbon
Change the method for tungsten powder.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of method that mechanochemical method prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, comprising:
By being in mass ratio that 6~10:1 is mixed by order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal and carbon black, to be configured to mixed raw material;
The mixed raw material is encased in the ball grinder of ball mill, after adding mill ball, the ball grinder is carried out
Inert gas shielding or vacuumize process;
After the ball grinder is put into the burner hearth of the ball mill, by the ball mill to the mixed raw material into
Row ball milling;And in mechanical milling process, after the burner hearth is warming up to 850~950 DEG C, 70~90h is kept the temperature to the burner hearth;
The ball mill is closed, and the burner hearth is cooled to room temperature, the ball grinder is taken out, epigranular can be obtained
Superfine tungsten carbide powder.
Further, the preparation method of the order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal, comprising:
By the way that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in the sodium tungstate solution under stirring, wolframic acid colloid is made;
By wolframic acid colloid, ammonia is molten in concentrated ammonia liquor by described, ammonium tungstate solution is made;
By being evaporated crystallization treatment to the ammonium tungstate solution, the order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal is precipitated.
Further, by the way that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in the sodium tungstate solution under stirring, wolframic acid colloid is made
When, the sodium tungstate solution used is the wolframic acid sodium water solution that the concentration that wolframic acid sodium crystal is configured to is 0.36mol/L.
Further, by the way that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in the sodium tungstate solution under stirring, wolframic acid colloid is made
When, the concentration of the concentrated hydrochloric acid of dropwise addition is 12mol/L.
Further, by the way that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in the sodium tungstate solution under stirring, wolframic acid colloid is made
When, by the way that the concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise into the sodium tungstate solution, after making the pH value 1 of the mixed liquor, stop to the tungsten
The concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in acid sodium solution.
Further, when by the wolframic acid colloid, ammonia is molten in concentrated ammonia liquor, the concentrated ammonia liquor used is to be containing ammonia
25%~28% aqueous solution.
Further, when by the wolframic acid colloid, ammonia is molten in concentrated ammonia liquor, the wolframic acid colloid and the concentrated ammonia liquor
It is mixed by volume for 8~12:1.
Further, when the mixed raw material and the mill ball to be encased in the ball grinder, the mill ball
Ratio of grinding media to material with the mixed raw material is 15~30:1, wherein the mill ball is the stainless steel or tungsten carbide that diameter is 12mm
Mill ball.
Further, when carrying out ball milling to the mixed raw material by the ball mill, the motor of the ball mill
Revolving speed is 450~500rpm.
Further, during the burner hearth is warming up to 850~950 DEG C, the heating rate of the burner hearth is 4~
6℃/min。
The method that a kind of mechanochemical method provided by the invention prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, by using high-temperature machinery
Force chemistry makes to carry out single step reaction between order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal and carbon black, can obtain even-grained superfine tungsten carbide
End, without preparing tungsten powder by being pre-processed to tungsten oxide;Also, by the carbonization of conventional tungsten oxide hydrogen reduction carbonizatin method
Temperature is greatly reduced by 1400~1600 DEG C to 850~950 DEG C;Simultaneously without using high rotating speed ball grinding mill, at low-down turn
Speed is lower can successfully to prepare the ultra-fine WC powder that average grain diameter is 0.16 μm.Therefore, the present invention not only has simple process, energy consumption
Less, advantage at low cost, and the reaction time can also be shortened, it has a high industrial value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stream that a kind of mechanochemical method of exemplary embodiment of the present prepares the method for superfine tungsten carbide powder
Cheng Tu;
Fig. 2 is that another mechanochemical method of exemplary embodiment of the present prepares the method for superfine tungsten carbide powder
Flow chart;
Fig. 3 is that another mechanochemical method of exemplary embodiment of the present prepares the method for superfine tungsten carbide powder
Flow chart;
Fig. 4 is the diffracting spectrum of the XRD of superfine tungsten carbide powder prepared by exemplary embodiment of the present 1;
Fig. 5 is the test map of the laser particle analyzer of superfine tungsten carbide powder prepared by exemplary embodiment of the present 1;
Fig. 6 is the analysis picture of the scanning electron microscope of superfine tungsten carbide powder prepared by exemplary embodiment of the present 1.
Specific embodiment
In order to overcome the shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of mechanochemical method and prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder
Method.To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction in the preferred embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention are further described in more detail.Described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, it is intended to for solving
The present invention is released, and is not considered as limiting the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art exist
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.It ties below
Attached drawing is closed the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method that mechanochemical method prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, comprising:
S100, by being in mass ratio that 6~10:1 is mixed by order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal and carbon black, it is former to be configured to mixing
Material;
S200, mixed raw material is encased in the ball grinder of ball mill, adds the stainless steel or carbonization that diameter is 12mm
After tungsten mill ball, wherein the ratio of grinding media to material of mill ball and mixed raw material be 15~30:1, to ball grinder carry out inert gas shielding or
Vacuumize process;
S300, after ball grinder is put into the burner hearth of ball mill, by set 450 for the revolving speed of ball mill~
After 500rpm, ball milling is carried out to mixed raw material;And in mechanical milling process, burner hearth is heated up with the heating rate of 4~6 DEG C/min
To after 850~950 DEG C, 70~90h is kept the temperature to burner hearth;
S400, ball mill is closed, and burner hearth is cooled to room temperature, taken out ball grinder, can be obtained even-grained ultra-fine
Tungsten-carbide powder.
Further, in order to better illustrate the preparation method of above-mentioned superfine tungsten carbide powder, as to above-described embodiment
Refinement and extension, the embodiment of the invention provides the preparation methods of order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal, as shown in Figure 2, which comprises
S101, wolframic acid sodium crystal is configured to the wolframic acid sodium water solution that concentration is 0.36mol/L, by stirring
Under sodium tungstate solution in be added dropwise concentration be 12mol/L concentrated hydrochloric acid, after making the pH value 1 of mixed liquor, stop molten to sodium tungstate
Concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in liquid, can be prepared by wolframic acid colloid;
S102, the concentrated ammonia liquor for being 25%~28% by wolframic acid colloid and containing ammonia are that 8~12:1 is mixed by volume, are made
Wolframic acid colloid ammonia in concentrated ammonia liquor is molten, ammonium tungstate solution is made;
S103, by being evaporated crystallization treatment to ammonium tungstate solution, order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal (APT crystal) is precipitated.
The method that a kind of mechanochemical method provided in this embodiment prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, by using high temperature machine
Tool force chemistry reacts order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal and carbon black, and this reaction pressure it is constant, due to ammonium paratungstate activity compared with
Greatly, it is therefore desirable to which lower reaction activity can react, and order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal is in high temperature furnace, different
Temperature stage can lose the crystallization water and release ammonia respectively, wherein order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal is in 500 DEG C or so whole decomposition and inversions
Tungsten trioxide powder;Meanwhile when carrying out ball milling to mixed raw material, the mechanical force of ball milling makes powder further refine and disperse
Must be more uniform, and then so that reactants and products is continuously available refinement, and with the progress of reaction, tungsten trioxide powder is first by carbon
Powder is reduced to the oxide of the tungsten of low price, and the low oxide of tungsten is continued to restore by carbon dust again later, and due to continual
Unreacted reaction-ure surface is exposed in time in ball milling, and carbon dust is made to be easier to enter in the lattice of tungsten oxide, promotes carbon
Powder is reacted with oxidation tungsten powder.In addition, ball milling appropriate has refined crystal grain, has increased specific surface area, so as to improve power
Condition makes just to will do it to obtain more complete reaction at high temperature originally, also can be realized at a lower temperature, due to ball milling
Presence, reduce the generation of agglomeration.Therefore, the present invention not only has the advantages that simple process, consumes energy less, is at low cost,
And the reaction time can also be shortened, had a high industrial value.
Below by embodiment to a kind of method that mechanochemical method prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder provided by the invention
It illustrates.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 3, a kind of method that mechanochemical method prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, comprising:
(1) after the wolframic acid sodium water solution that the concentration for being configured to wolframic acid sodium crystal is 0.36mol/L, by wolframic acid sodium water solution
It is stirred in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, and the concentrated hydrochloric acid solution that concentration is 12mol/L is added dropwise, make the pH value 1 of mixed liquor
Afterwards, stop that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise into sodium tungstate solution, can be prepared by wolframic acid colloid;
(2) concentrated ammonia liquor for being 25% by wolframic acid colloid and containing ammonia is that 10:1 is mixed by volume, wolframic acid is made
Ammonium salt solution;
(3) ammonium tungstate solution is evaporated crystallization and the order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal that obtained average grain diameter is 20 μm is precipitated;
(4) by mixing 100g order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal and 12g carbon black, to be configured to mixed raw material;
(5) mixed raw material is encased in the ball grinder of ball mill, adds the stainless steel or tungsten carbide that diameter is 12mm
After mill ball, wherein the ratio of grinding media to material of mill ball and mixed raw material is 15:1, carries out inert gas shielding to ball grinder or vacuumizes
Processing;
(6) it after ball grinder being put into the burner hearth of ball mill, after setting 450rpm for the revolving speed of ball mill, opens
Dynamic ball mill, keeps it persistently to rotate, and carries out ball milling to mixed raw material;And in mechanical milling process, by burner hearth with 4 DEG C/min's
After heating rate is warming up to 850 DEG C, 70h is kept the temperature to burner hearth;
(7) ball mill is closed, and burner hearth is cooled to room temperature, ball grinder is taken out, even-grained ultra-fine carbon can be obtained
Change tungsten powder.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that mechanochemical method prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, comprising:
(1) after wolframic acid sodium crystal being configured to the wolframic acid sodium water solution that concentration is 0.36mol/L, wolframic acid sodium water solution is existed
It is stirred in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, and the concentrated hydrochloric acid solution that concentration is 12mol/L is added dropwise, after making the pH value 1 of mixed liquor,
Stop that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise into sodium tungstate solution, can be prepared by wolframic acid colloid;
(2) concentrated ammonia liquor for being 26% by wolframic acid colloid and containing ammonia is that 8:1 is mixed by volume, ammonium tungstate is made
Solution;
(3) ammonium tungstate solution is evaporated crystallization and the order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal that obtained average grain diameter is 20 μm is precipitated;
(4) by mixing 100g order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal and 13g carbon black, to be configured to mixed raw material;
(5) mixed raw material is encased in the ball grinder of ball mill, adds the stainless steel or tungsten carbide that diameter is 12mm
After mill ball, wherein the ratio of grinding media to material of mill ball and mixed raw material is 25:1, carries out inert gas shielding to ball grinder or vacuumizes
Processing;
(6) it after ball grinder being put into the burner hearth of ball mill, after setting 480rpm for the revolving speed of ball mill, opens
Dynamic ball mill, keeps it persistently to rotate, and carries out ball milling to mixed raw material;And in mechanical milling process, by burner hearth with 5 DEG C/min's
After heating rate is warming up to 900 DEG C, 80h is kept the temperature to burner hearth;
(7) ball mill is closed, and burner hearth is cooled to room temperature, ball grinder is taken out, even-grained ultra-fine carbon can be obtained
Change tungsten powder.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that mechanochemical method prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, comprising:
(1) after wolframic acid sodium crystal being configured to the wolframic acid sodium water solution that concentration is 0.36mol/L, wolframic acid sodium water solution is existed
It is stirred in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, and the concentrated hydrochloric acid solution that concentration is 12mol/L is added dropwise, after making the pH value 1 of mixed liquor,
Stop that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise into sodium tungstate solution, can be prepared by wolframic acid colloid;
(2) concentrated ammonia liquor for being 28% by wolframic acid colloid and containing ammonia is that 12:1 is mixed by volume, wolframic acid is made
Ammonium salt solution;
(3) ammonium tungstate solution is evaporated crystallization and the order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal that obtained average grain diameter is 20 μm is precipitated;
(4) by mixing 100g order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal and 15g carbon black, to be configured to mixed raw material;
(5) mixed raw material is encased in the ball grinder of ball mill, adds the stainless steel or tungsten carbide that diameter is 12mm
After mill ball, wherein the ratio of grinding media to material of mill ball and mixed raw material is 30:1, carries out inert gas shielding to ball grinder or vacuumizes
Processing;
(6) it after ball grinder being put into the burner hearth of ball mill, after setting 500rpm for the revolving speed of ball mill, opens
Dynamic ball mill, keeps it persistently to rotate, and carries out ball milling to mixed raw material;And in mechanical milling process, by burner hearth with 6 DEG C/min's
After heating rate is warming up to 950 DEG C, 90h is kept the temperature to burner hearth;
(7) ball mill is closed, and burner hearth is cooled to room temperature, ball grinder is taken out, even-grained ultra-fine carbon can be obtained
Change tungsten powder.
XRD detection, laser particle analyzer detection and scanning electricity are carried out respectively to the superfine tungsten carbide powder of the preparation of embodiment 1
Mirror analysis, it can be deduced that draw a conclusion:
As shown in figure 4, the peak of tungsten carbide is sharp in XRD spectrum, and corresponds with the base peak of tungsten carbide, do not deposit
In extra miscellaneous peak, therefore, illustrate that the crystallinity of tungsten-carbide powder is good.
As shown in figure 5, the map of the granularity detected by laser particle analyzer, can analyze out granularity is 0.2 μ
Volume shared by the product powder of m is most, close to 20%, it may be said that the granularity of bright tungsten-carbide powder is smaller.
As shown in fig. 6, being analyzed by the picture of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph to tungsten-carbide powder, it can be observed that this powder
Uniformly, soilless sticking phenomenon is graininess.
It should be noted last that the above specific embodiment is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it,
Although being described the invention in detail referring to example, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to the present invention
Technical solution be modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, should all cover
In the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that mechanochemical method prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder characterized by comprising
By being in mass ratio that 6~10:1 is mixed by order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal and carbon black, to be configured to mixed raw material;
The mixed raw material is encased in the ball grinder of ball mill, after adding mill ball, inertia is carried out to the ball grinder
Gas shield or vacuumize process;
After the ball grinder is put into the burner hearth of the ball mill, ball is carried out to the mixed raw material by the ball mill
Mill;And in mechanical milling process, after the burner hearth is warming up to 850~950 DEG C, 70~90h is kept the temperature to the burner hearth;
The ball mill is closed, and the burner hearth is cooled to room temperature, takes out the ball grinder, can be obtained even-grained super
Thin tungsten-carbide powder.
2. the method that a kind of mechanochemical method according to claim 1 prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, which is characterized in that
The preparation method of the order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal, comprising:
By the way that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in the sodium tungstate solution under stirring, wolframic acid colloid is made;
By molten to wolframic acid colloid ammonia in concentrated ammonia liquor, ammonium tungstate solution is made;
By being evaporated crystallization treatment to the ammonium tungstate solution, the order of ammoniumparatungstate crystal is precipitated.
3. the method that a kind of mechanochemical method according to claim 2 prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, which is characterized in that
By the way that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in the sodium tungstate solution under stirring, come wolframic acid when wolframic acid colloid is made, used
Sodium solution is the wolframic acid sodium water solution that the concentration that wolframic acid sodium crystal is configured to is 0.36mol/L.
4. the method that a kind of mechanochemical method according to claim 2 prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, which is characterized in that
By the way that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in the sodium tungstate solution under stirring, come when wolframic acid colloid is made, the dense salt of dropwise addition
The concentration of acid is 12mol/L.
5. the method that a kind of mechanochemical method according to claim 4 prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, which is characterized in that
By the way that concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in the sodium tungstate solution under stirring, come when wolframic acid colloid is made, by the wolframic acid
The concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in sodium solution, after making the pH value 1 of the mixed liquor, stops into the sodium tungstate solution described in dropwise addition
Concentrated hydrochloric acid.
6. the method that a kind of mechanochemical method according to claim 2 prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, which is characterized in that
By the wolframic acid colloid ammonia is molten in concentrated ammonia liquor when, the concentrated ammonia liquor used be containing ammonia be 25%~28% it is water-soluble
Liquid.
7. the method that a kind of mechanochemical method according to claim 6 prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, which is characterized in that
When by the wolframic acid colloid, ammonia is molten in concentrated ammonia liquor, the wolframic acid colloid and the concentrated ammonia liquor are 8~12:1 by volume
It is mixed.
8. the method that a kind of mechanochemical method according to claim 1 prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, which is characterized in that
When the mixed raw material and the mill ball are encased in the ball grinder, the ball of the mill ball and the mixed raw material
Material is than being 15~30:1, wherein the mill ball is the stainless steel that diameter is 12mm or tungsten carbide mill ball.
9. the method that a kind of mechanochemical method according to claim 1 prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder, which is characterized in that
When carrying out ball milling to the mixed raw material by the ball mill, the motor speed of the ball mill is 450~500rpm.
10. the method that a kind of mechanochemical method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 prepares superfine tungsten carbide powder,
It is characterized in that, during the burner hearth is warming up to 850~950 DEG C, the heating rate of the burner hearth is 4~6 DEG C/
min。
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CN114057195A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-18 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of superfine tungsten carbide |
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CN102190299A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-21 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Preparation method of tungsten carbide nanopowder |
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CN108080647A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-29 | 崇义章源钨业股份有限公司 | Nanometer/superfine WC-Co composite powder end and preparation method thereof |
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2018
- 2018-10-17 CN CN201811210238.1A patent/CN109264721B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US4664899A (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1987-05-12 | Gte Products Corporation | Method of producing monotungsten carbide powder |
US20020009411A1 (en) * | 2000-02-08 | 2002-01-24 | Zucker Gordon L. | Method for producing tungsten carbide |
CN102190299A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-21 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Preparation method of tungsten carbide nanopowder |
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CN114057195A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-18 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of superfine tungsten carbide |
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