CN109263788B - Submarine non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure and design method thereof - Google Patents
Submarine non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of submarine body structure design, and relates to a submarine non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure and a submarine non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure design method. The invention provides a structure and a design method for applying a pyramid lattice interlayer shock-resistant structure to a weak area of a non-pressure-resistant shell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of submarine body structure design, and relates to a submarine non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure and a submarine non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure design method.
Background
The submarine plays an indispensable role in sea battle as an important sea battle force, the environment of the submarine is increasingly severe due to the rapid development of weapon technology, and the anti-explosion and anti-impact performance of the submarine becomes an important performance requirement. The conventional double-hull submarine is provided with an outer non-pressure-resistant hull and an inner pressure-resistant hull, but the non-pressure-resistant hull and the non-pressure-resistant hull of the conventional double-hull submarine have no anti-explosion property or have low anti-explosion property, so that the submarine has low capability of resisting the attack of weapons in water, has high damage degree and deformation degree of the hulls after being attacked, and has great safety threat to the submarine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pyramid lattice interlayer shock-resistant structure of a non-pressure-resistant shell of a submarine and a design method thereof, so that the anti-explosion and shock-resistant performance of the submarine body structure of the existing double-shell submarine, particularly the pressure-resistant shell, can be effectively and simply improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A submarine non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure is characterized in that a non-pressure-resistant shell refers to an outer shell of a double-shell submarine, and the non-pressure-resistant shell in the submarine non-pressure-resistant structure comprises an area A located on the left side of the submarine, an area C located on the right side of the submarine, an area B located at the top of the submarine and an area D located at the bottom of the submarine; the zone A, the zone B, the zone C and the zone D are sequentially connected and enclosed to form a complete submarine non-pressure shell; the A area/C area of the conventional structure comprises structures such as a hull side non-pressure-resistant shell, a side elbow plate, a side supporting plate and a side rib;
the area A and the area C are additionally provided with a pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure on the basis of a conventional structure, and the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure consists of four layers of panels and pyramid lattices positioned among the panels; the laminated plate comprises an outer panel positioned on the outermost side, an inner panel positioned on the innermost side, and a first interlayer plate and a second interlayer plate which are positioned between the outer panel and the inner panel and are arranged from inside to outside; longitudinal bones and ribs are arranged between adjacent panels; the longitudinal ribs longitudinally extend along the head and the tail of the submarine shell, and the ribs are perpendicular to the longitudinal ribs and are circumferentially arranged; panels are arranged on the longitudinal bones and the ribs to form a closed space; the longitudinal bones and the ribs between the panels of each layer are mutually vertically crossed to support and connect the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure, and the longitudinal bones and the ribs are mutually crossed to form a multi-grid structure;
each grid structure and the upper panel and the lower panel respectively form a cuboid structure; a pyramid unit structure is embedded in each cuboid structure, each pyramid unit is in a pyramid shape formed by four rod elements, and bottom fulcrums or vertexes of adjacent pyramid units are connected with each other to form a pyramid lattice; four supporting points of the bottom surface of the pyramid unit are respectively superposed with four corners of the grid;
the area B and the area D are of conventional non-pressure shell structures, the area B is connected with an upper building, and the area D is of a bottom structure.
The further optimization of the structure also comprises that every fourth rib position in the A area and the C area is set as a complete rib plate, and the rest rib positions are set as a multi-section supporting plate structure; the complete rib plates are respectively connected with the rib plates in the B area and the D area to form annular ribs, the annular ribs are separated by four rib positions, and segmented ribs are uniformly distributed among the annular ribs.
The further optimization of the structure also comprises that the height of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is less than one third of the height of the load water tank between the pressure shell and the non-pressure shell.
Further optimization of the structure also includes that each cuboid structure is filled with air or foam filler.
The further optimization of the structure also includes that in the pyramid unit structure 3e, the length of the rod elements is 100mm, the diameter of the rod elements is 15.2mm, the included angle between each rod element and the projection of the inner panel is 45 degrees, the bottom surface of the pyramid is square, the side length is 100mm, and the height of the pyramid formed by the rod elements is 70.72 mm.
The further optimization of the structure also comprises that the outer panel of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is a shell plate of the submarine, and the thickness range of the outer panel is 5mm to 8 mm; the thickness of the inner panel ranges from 5mm to 8mm, and the inner panel becomes thicker as the degree of the inner panel approaching the bottom of the ship increases.
The invention also provides a submarine non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure design method, which comprises the following steps,
step one, dividing a conventional weak part, specifically comprising the following steps:
dividing the submarine into an area A on the left side of the submarine, an area C on the right side of the submarine, an area B connected with a superstructure and an area D on the bottom of the submarine according to the structural characteristics of the cross section of the submarine body, and replacing the original non-pressure-resistant shell plate of the area A/the area C with a pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure;
step two, designing the grid-shaped structures of the area A and the area C, specifically comprising the following steps:
as the conventional submarine non-pressure shell belongs to a circular rib cylindrical shell structure, and ribs are arranged on a shell plate, longitudinal ribs are additionally arranged, and a pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is applied to the non-pressure shell by adopting a 'bricking' method. Except rib plates and supporting plates, the non-pressure-resistant shell in the A zone of a certain cabin section of the conventional submarine is divided into annular sections by the ribs. The longitudinal ribs and the ribs are arranged as flat steels on the principle of not weakening the structure of the conventional submarine non-pressure shell, and are heightened in a proper amount, so that the pyramid lattice structure can be embedded into the grid.
Step three, designing the dot matrix sandwich structures of the area A and the area C, specifically comprising the following steps:
designing the heights of the longitudinal bones and the ribs to be equal, so that the longitudinal bones and the ribs of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure are staggered to form grids, and embedding the pyramid lattice structure into the grids; the four layers of panels of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure are respectively a lower panel, a first interlayer plate, a second interlayer plate and an upper panel from inside to outside, wherein the upper panel is a non-pressure-resistant shell plate of an original structure; sequentially installing a lower panel, a pyramid lattice structure, a first interlayer plate, the pyramid lattice structure, a second interlayer plate, the pyramid lattice structure and an upper panel from inside to outside, and installing plates at corresponding positions of longitudinal bones and ribs in the process of installing the panels;
step four, a step of connecting the area A and the area C with the area B and the area D, which specifically means that:
enabling the non-pressure-resistant shell to be consistent with a conventional submarine non-pressure-resistant shell in a zone B and a zone D, and enabling the ribs of the zone B and the zone D to correspond to the ribs of the zone A and the zone C, wherein every four ribs are connected with the ribs of the zone A, the zone C, the zone B and the zone D to form annular ribs; and the longitudinal web plates at the extreme edges of the B area and the D area are used as the termination positions of the lattice sandwich structure of the A area and the C area.
Further optimization of the above design method includes adding toggle plates at each rib position for transitional support.
The design method further comprises the step of respectively arranging reinforcing members at the upper longitudinal girders at the two ends of the cabin section, the joint of the solid rib plate and the lower panel of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure, the joint of the lower panel of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure and the solid rib plate and the non-pressure shell ring rib at the bottom of the submarine.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention has the beneficial effects that the structure and the design method for applying the pyramid lattice interlayer shock-resistant structure to the weak area of the non-pressure-resistant shell are provided, and the method improves the anti-explosion performance of the conventional non-pressure-resistant shell by replacing the conventional non-pressure-resistant shell with the pyramid lattice interlayer shell structure on the premise of not reducing the structural performance of the original non-pressure-resistant shell, and has the following advantages that:
1. through the change and design of the structure, the anti-explosion performance (calculated based on the maximum deformation of the pressure-resistant shell is reduced) of the submarine cabin section provided with the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is improved by 69.7 percent compared with the original performance, wherein the basic pressure-bearing depth of the lattice sandwich shell plate structure is 435 meters, and the use requirement of the existing submarine can be fully met.
2. The method has the advantages that the partition design method is creatively provided, the influence on the original structure and layout of the submarine is reduced, the structures, materials and the like of the B area and the D area are kept as original shapes, the new structures applied to the A area and the C area are fully combined with the basic structure of the original shell, the positions and the total sizes of the rib plates and the ribs are basically unchanged, only the layering and dot-shaped structures are filled, the change and the influence on the original structure are greatly reduced, the work load of redesigning the whole submarine shell is reduced, and the basic data of the original shell is fully utilized.
3. By utilizing the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure and the filling design between the structures, the incident wave impulse can be greatly reduced in the form of radiating sparse waves into water when explosion impact occurs, so that the deformation and stress change process of the shell are improved, and the integral deformation of the submarine shell is smaller. Therefore, on the basis of the basic structure, the method is favorable for further realizing the improvement of the ultimate deformation and stress bearing capacity of the submarine, and further provides a design basis for designing the submarine with higher performance and safety.
4. The pyramid lattice structure is filled with the high polymer material for preventing radiation noise, so that the structural radiation noise generated by vibration sources such as a host and the like can be effectively reduced, and the identification probability of passive sonar of an enemy is reduced.
5. The sound absorption material is filled in the pyramid lattice structure, so that underwater sound waves emitted by an active sonar of an enemy can be effectively absorbed, and the concealment and the safety of the submarine of one party are improved.
6. The invention has simple basic structure, simple and feasible design method, high realizability, relatively simple construction process and high reproducibility, can be directly applied to the design of a new submarine and the structural improvement of the existing submarine, and is beneficial to the popularization and the application of the structure and the method.
The lattice sandwich shell structure based on the invention can better exert and expand the technical effect thereof by combining other corresponding technologies and expand the technical performance of the submarine, including
7. The high polymer material of radiation protection noise can be filled in pyramid dot matrix sandwich structure, the structure radiation noise that vibration sources such as host computer produced is effectively reduced, reduces the probability of being discerned by the passive sonar of enemy.
8. The sound absorption material can be filled in the pyramid lattice structure, so that underwater sound waves emitted by an active sonar of an enemy are effectively absorbed, and the concealment of the submarine of the enemy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the results of partitioning a submarine A, B, C, D zone;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a non-pressure hull of a conventional submarine;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the multi-layer structure of the pyramid lattice sandwich impact-resistant structure on a non-pressure shell in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the area M in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the cell structure in a pyramid lattice sandwich impact structure on a non-pressure shell;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rib structure design of a pyramid lattice sandwich impact resistant structure on a non-pressure shell;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration showing the first position of a reinforcing member of a pyramid lattice sandwich impact-resistant structure on a non-pressure casing;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second location of a reinforcing member of a pyramid lattice sandwich impact-resistant structure on a non-pressure casing;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a finite element model of a pyramid lattice sandwich impact structure on a non-pressure shell;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of high hydrostatic pressures on both sides of an outer water area and an inter-board water area of a lattice sandwich structure when the calculated depth of submarine submergence is 435 m;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the pressure hull exposed to high hydrostatic pressure in the shipboard water space;
fig. 12 is a flow chart of the construction of a pyramidal lattice sandwich impact resistant structure for a non-pressure shell.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention mainly relates to a non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure of a submarine, wherein the non-pressure-resistant shell refers to an outer shell of a double-shell submarine.
As shown in figure 1, in the invention, according to the intensity and probability of explosion impact suffered by different shell areas of the submarine, a shell of the submarine is divided into four areas, including an A/C area positioned at the left/right side of the submarine, a B area positioned at the top of the submarine and a D area positioned at the bottom of the submarine; generally speaking, the areas B and D have high strength generally and low probability of being impacted by explosion, the areas B are connected with an upper building, and the area D is a bottom structure, so that the structural design of the conventional non-pressure-resistant shell is still reserved; in contrast, the areas a and C serve as main action areas and explosion-proof weak parts of explosion impact, so the areas a and C are mainly designed according to the invention to improve the performance.
In order to ensure the integrity of the integral structure and performance of the submarine, the zone A, the zone B, the zone C and the zone D are sequentially connected to enclose a complete submarine non-pressure-resistant shell; the pressure-resistant shell of the inner layer still keeps the original design of the corresponding submarine. As shown in fig. 2, generally, the a/C area of the non-pressure-resistant casing includes structures such as a hull side non-pressure-resistant casing, a side bracket, a side pallet/stringer 2a, and a side rib 2 b; in order to keep the original structural performance of the non-pressure-resistant shell as much as possible, reduce the change amount of the submarine structure and reduce the design and reconstruction difficulty, the invention is an improvement on the basis of the existing basic structure. Specifically, in the non-pressure-resistant shell, the region a and the region C are set to be pyramid lattice sandwich shell structures shown in fig. 3 and 4, and each pyramid lattice sandwich shell structure is composed of four layers of panels and pyramid lattices between the panels; comprises an outer panel 3a positioned at the outermost side, an inner panel 3d positioned at the innermost side, and a first interlayer plate 3c and a second interlayer plate 3b which are positioned between the outer panel 3a and the inner panel 3d from inside to outside; a longitudinal bone 2a and ribs 2b are arranged between adjacent panels; the longitudinal ribs 2a longitudinally extend along the head and the tail of the submarine shell, and the ribs 2b are perpendicular to the longitudinal ribs 2a and are arranged along the circumferential direction; panels are arranged on the longitudinal bones 2a and the ribs 2b to form a closed space; the longitudinal ribs 2a and the ribs 2b between the panels of each layer are mutually and vertically crossed to support and connect the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure, and the longitudinal ribs 2a and the ribs 2b are mutually crossed to form a multi-grid structure.
In the specific implementation process, the positions of the longitudinal ribs 2a and the ribs 2B can be the same as the positions of the structures such as the ribs 2B, the supporting plates and the like of the original submarine non-pressure-resistant shell or can be finely adjusted on the basis of the structures, so that the original structural design is utilized, the adaptive modification of the B area and the D area is not needed, and the design and manufacturing difficulty of the submarine is reduced.
Each grid structure in the area A and the area C and the upper panel and the lower panel respectively form a cuboid structure; a pyramid unit structure 3e is embedded in each cuboid structure, as shown in fig. 5, the pyramid unit structure 3e is in a pyramid shape formed by four rod elements 4a, and bottom surface fulcrums 4b or vertexes 4c of adjacent pyramid unit structures 3e are connected with each other to form a pyramid lattice; four supporting points 4b on the bottom surface of the pyramid unit structure 3e are respectively superposed with four corners of the grid; in the specific processing process, the following preferable data can be adopted for the conventional submarine structure, the length of the rod element 4a in the pyramid unit structure 3e is 100mm, the diameter of the rod element 4a is 15.2mm, the included angle between each rod element 4a and the projection of the inner panel 3d is 45 degrees, the bottom surface of the pyramid is square, the side length is 100mm, and the height of the pyramid formed by the rod elements 4a is 70.72 mm.
Correspondingly, the outer panel 3a of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is used as a shell plate of the submarine, and the thickness range of the outer panel is 5mm to 8 mm; the thickness of the inner panel 3d ranges from 5mm to 8mm, and the inner panel 3d becomes thicker as the depth of the bottom of the ship increases.
As shown in fig. 6, on the basis of ensuring the structural strength of the non-pressure shell, every fourth rib position in the areas a and C is set as a complete rib plate, and the rest rib positions are set as segmented ribs 5b of a multi-segment supporting plate structure; the complete rib plates are respectively connected with the rib plates in the B area and the D area to form annular ribs 5a, the annular ribs 5a are separated by four rib positions, and segmented ribs 5B are uniformly distributed among the annular ribs 5 a. On the one hand, the structural design of the original non-pressure-resistant shell is fully combined, the original design function is reserved, on the other hand, the closed cuboid structures are connected in series, the whole pressure-bearing buffering area is formed, and the ring rib 5a enables the four areas to keep the integrity of the structure and the function.
The height of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is less than one third of the height of a load water tank between the pressure-resistant shell and the non-pressure-resistant shell. In order to limit the overall thickness and space occupation of the shell and avoid influencing the basic structure of the submarine, the overall height of the shell structure (which is equivalent to the overall thickness of the non-pressure shell layer) should be less than one third of the height of the load water tank. In order to further expand the functions of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure, air or foam filler and other fillers can be filled in each cuboid structure. So as to realize various additional performances of improving the shock resistance, damping, reducing noise and the like.
In order to further describe the pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure, the basic structure and parameters of a certain type of conventional submarine are subjected to application design of a non-pressure-resistant shell, the design dimensions of the non-pressure-resistant shell are shown in table 1, and the design parameters of the non-pressure-resistant shell of the certain type of submarine are shown in table 1
Based on the design parameters of the non-pressure-resistant shell of a certain type of submarine in the table 1, a finite element preprocessing and analyzing system MSC. PATRAN is used for carrying out simulation verification on the anti-static pressure performance and the anti-explosion performance of the submarine cabin section, and for the sake of simplicity of description, the submarine provided with the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is referred to as a protective submarine for short. The method comprises the following basic steps:
1) the method comprises the steps of establishing a cabin section model, establishing a geometric model and a finite element model of the cabin section model in MSC, PATRAN by taking design parameters in table 1 as a reference, simultaneously endowing material parameters and unit attributes, analyzing displacement, strain and stress of a ship due to the huge number of pyramid unit rods in one cabin section, considering the processing capacity of a computer, only establishing a pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure of one side by the cabin section model, applying high hydrostatic pressure load to the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure, analyzing the displacement, strain and stress of the pyramid unit rods, analyzing make internal disorder or usurp the displacement, the stress and the strain of the ship due to the symmetry of the submarine, establishing a conventional submarine non-pressure-resistant shell on the other side symmetrically in actual modeling, providing corresponding boundary conditions for a lattice sandwich shell plate structure to be analyzed, maintaining the integrity of the submarine cabin section, dividing the pyramid sandwich shell plate structure of the submarine A area into a relatively thin mesh division area, the rest part of the submarine, such as a pressure-resistant shell, bulkhead structure and the like, and finally obtaining a grid division by using a relatively thick mesh structural elements, namely a triangular cell structural support plate structure, a structural component plate, a corrugated plate, a.
2) Determining a working condition: the invention needs to improve the anti-explosion and anti-impact performance of the hull structure by using the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure, but needs to enable the sandwich structure to bear high hydrostatic pressure. Therefore, the hydrostatic pressure working conditions are selected as follows: the submarine A area (namely a lattice sandwich shell plate structure) is subjected to high hydrostatic pressures on two sides of an external water area and an inter-board water area, and meanwhile, the pressure shell is subjected to the high hydrostatic pressure of the inter-board water area. In fact, the rest of the submarine shell plate is subjected to pressure on two sides, but the submarine shell plate is a single-layer shell, and the pressure on two sides is offset, so that the point is not reflected when load is applied in modeling. The limit depth of a common conventional power submarine is about 300m, and the calculated depth is 435 m. The load is sized to the calculated depth of submersion of the submarine 435 m. The part applied by the high hydrostatic pressure load is shown in fig. 10 and fig. 11.
3) Defining boundary conditions: two ends of the finite element model of the submarine cabin section are in a fixed support condition, namely fixed support constraint is applied to nodes at two ends of the shell and in the cabin section;
4) determination of constitutive model: in the invention, static analysis function of MSC.NASTRAN is utilized to analyze the antistatic capacity of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure, each part in the model adopts a linear material model, and the material parameters are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Material parameters in static analysis
| E/GPa | Poisson ratio V | /(kg/m-3) |
| 210 | 0.3 | 7800 |
On the basis, a cabin section model calculation result is obtained, and a stress cloud chart result of the cabin section calculation result shows that when 435m water pressure applied by an external water area and an inter-board water area is simultaneously applied to two sides of a pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure in the cabin section model, and a pressure shell is subjected to 435m water pressure, the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure deforms in a saddle shape, and partial structures are in a stress concentration condition, for example, the stress value of upper longitudinal girders at two ends of the cabin section is 633MPa, the stress value of the joint of a lower panel of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure and a solid rib plate is 496MPa, and the stress value of a shell plate ring rib 5a at the bottom of the submarine is 507 MPa.
When the reinforcing members with the sizes in the table 3 are added at the positions where the stress is concentrated (such as the positions ①, ②, ③ and ④ in fig. 6, 7 and 8, and the positions of the corresponding areas are shown in different shapes in the figures), the stress of the pressure shell is less than 600MPa, and the stress of the rest structures is less than 450 MPa.
TABLE 3 Reinforcement Member protocol
The calculation shows that: the submarine cabin section is subjected to 435m water pressure applied by an external water area and an inter-board water area at two sides of a pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure, and when the pressure shell is subjected to 435m water pressure, the maximum stress value of the pressure shell is 414MPa and is smaller than allowable stress, and the maximum stress value is within a safety range. For the outer shell plate, the stress of the vertical girders at the intersection of the solid rib plate and the lower panel of the lattice sandwich shell plate structure and the upper parts of the two ends of the cabin section is large, the maximum stress is 437MPa, and the maximum stress is within a safety range. The stress of the upper and lower panels, the first and second interlayer plates of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is distributed in a grid shape along with the longitudinal bones 2a and the ribs 2b, the stress of the part intersected with the longitudinal bones 2a and the ribs 2b is small, and the stress of the middle part of the grid formed by the longitudinal bones 2a and the ribs 2b is large. The stress distribution size order is as follows: the stress of the second interlayer plate is less than that of the upper panel and less than that of the first interlayer plate. The stress distribution of the pyramid lattice interlayer is smaller than that of the rod piece connected with the longitudinal frame 2a and the rib 2b, the stress of the third lattice interlayer, namely the core layer adjacent to the upper panel, is the maximum, the maximum stress is 341MPa and is smaller than the allowable stress, and the design requirement is met.
Through static analysis, after a member is reinforced in subsequent design, under the high hydrostatic pressure of calculated water depth, the maximum deformation of an improved protective submarine cabin section model is 9.51mm, the improved protective submarine cabin section model is positioned at the upper end of a pressure shell, the maximum stress of a plate unit is 437MPa, upper longitudinal girders at two ends of the cabin section are positioned, the maximum stress of a beam unit is 341MPa, and rod pieces positioned in a core layer are all positioned in a safety range. The submarine cabin section provided with the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is proved to be in a safe state under the hydrostatic pressure of the calculated water depth, and has good hydrostatic resistance.
Further, on the basis, a finite element simulation model of the conventional submarine is established, the dynamic response process of the submarine under the underwater explosion working condition is calculated, the antiknock performance of the submarine is analyzed, and the antiknock performance of the submarine is compared with the antiknock performance of the submarine cabin section provided with the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure. In order to accurately compare the anti-explosion performance of the finite element model and the anti-explosion performance of the finite element model, the explosion working condition, the setting of the outer water area and the inter-board water area, the euler initial condition, the boundary condition, the material constitutive model, the unit attribute and the working condition of the finite element model of the conventional submarine are consistent with those of the finite element model of the protective submarine, and the detailed description is omitted here.
Through simulation analysis, the deformation of the non-pressure-resistant shell of the explosion-facing surface of the conventional submarine cabin structure is diffused to two ends of the cabin from the middle of the cabin under the action of the underwater explosion shock wave. And when the time is 4ms, the upper deck of the explosion-facing surface begins to deform and is corrugated along with the distribution of the cross beams, and the deformation of the part supported by the cross beams on the upper deck is smaller. The deck on the back explosion surface starts to deform when 10ms, and the water between the boards is extruded under the action of shock waves of the explosion surface, so that the water between the boards with huge energy is impacted to the back explosion surface from the explosion surface in a short time, and the deck on the back explosion surface is overstocked, and the deformation of the deck on the back explosion surface is larger. The same dynamic response phenomenon also exists in the protective submarine. And at 40ms, the integral deformation of the conventional submarine cabin section tends to be stable, and the deformation of the model at 40ms is taken as the final deformation. The final maximum deformation of the pressure housing is 208 mm.
Under the same working condition, for the protective submarine, in the early stage of the whole deformation process, the deformation of the explosion-facing surface of the pressure shell is corrugated along with the distribution of the outer ribs 2b, in the later stage of the whole deformation process, the corrugated deformation is not obvious any more, the explosion-facing surface is in a pit shape, and due to the supporting effect of the solid rib plate, two pits, one big pit and one small pit, exist on the pressure shell. At 40ms, the maximum deformation of the pressure housing is 63 mm. At this time, the back explosion surface is locally deformed, which is mainly caused by the water between the shipboards which freely flows between the shipboards and has larger energy. Under the underwater explosion working condition of the real boat, water between the ship boards cannot flow freely between the ship boards, so that the deformation of the back explosion surface of the pressure shell is smaller. When impact occurs, the stress wave is transmitted to the whole explosion-facing surface from the middle part of the explosion-facing surface and then transmitted to the back explosion-facing surface. In the early stage of the deformation process, stress concentration occurs at the intersection position of the pressure-resistant shell and the rib plate and the rib 2b, and in the later stage of the deformation process, the stress at the position supported by the rib plate and the supporting plate on the pressure-resistant shell is smaller. The main purpose of designing the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is to reduce the deformation of the pressure shell under the underwater explosion working condition, so the final maximum deformation of the pressure shell is used as an index for evaluating the anti-explosion performance of the conventional submarine and the protective submarine. The final maximum deformation of the pressure shells of the conventional submarine and the protective submarine is shown in table 4, and it can be seen that the anti-explosion performance of the submarine cabin section provided with the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is improved by 69.7% compared with the conventional submarine.
TABLE 4 comparison of antiknock performance of conventional submarine and protective submarine
| Conventional submarine | Protective submarine | Improvement ratio of antiknock performance | |
| Maximum deformation of pressure housing | 208mm | 63mm | 69.7％ |
In order to implement the specific structure mentioned in the invention, the application also provides a submarine non-pressure shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure design method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, dividing a conventional weak part, specifically comprising the following steps:
according to the characteristics of the section structure of the submarine hull, the submarine is divided into an area A/area C on the left/right board side, an area B connected with an upper building and an area D below the bottom of the submarine, and the original non-pressure-resistant shell plate in the area A/area C is replaced by a pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure; generally speaking, the four zones of the submarine can be divided according to the change of the basic structure and the division of the functional zones, but the division of the zones is not an absolute design requirement, and further design or adjustment can be carried out on the basic division rule according to the impact state actually faced by the submarine and the special requirements of some functions and structures.
Step two, designing the grid-shaped structures of the area A and the area C, specifically comprising the following steps:
aiming at the plate frame structure of the conventional submarine non-pressure-resistant shell, the ribs 2b and the longitudinal ribs 2a are arranged on the shell plate, and the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is applied to the non-pressure-resistant shell by adopting a 'bricking' method. Generally speaking, the non-pressure-resistant shell of a cabin section A of a conventional submarine is divided into a grid shape by ribs 2b and longitudinals 2a except ribs and supporting plates. On the principle of not weakening the structure of the conventional submarine non-pressure shell, the ribs are arranged as flat steel, and the longitudinal ribs 2a of the same flat steel are added and are increased in a proper amount, so that the pyramid lattice structure can be embedded into the grid.
Step three, designing the dot matrix sandwich structures of the area A and the area C, specifically comprising the following steps:
as shown in fig. 12, the heights of the longitudinal ribs 2a and the ribs 2b are designed to be equal, so that the longitudinal ribs 2a and the ribs 2b of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure are staggered to form cuboid grids, and the pyramid lattice structure is embedded into the grids; the four layers of panels of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure are respectively a lower panel, a first interlayer plate 3c, a second interlayer plate 3b and an upper panel from inside to outside, and the upper panel is the original non-pressure-resistant shell plate; sequentially installing a lower panel, a pyramid lattice structure, a first interlayer plate 3c, the pyramid lattice structure, a second interlayer plate 3b, the pyramid lattice structure and an upper panel from inside to outside, and installing plates at corresponding positions of a longitudinal frame 2a and a rib 2b in the panel installation process;
step four, a step of connecting the area A and the area C with the area B and the area D, which specifically means that:
enabling the non-pressure-resistant shell to be consistent with the non-pressure-resistant shell of the conventional submarine in the areas B and D, and enabling the ribs 2B of the areas B and D to correspond to the ribs 2B of the areas A and C, wherein every four rib positions, namely the rib plates of the areas A and C, the rib plates of the areas B and D are connected with each other to form a ring rib 5 a; and the longitudinal web plates at the extreme edges of the B area and the D area are used as the termination positions of the lattice sandwich structure of the A area and the C area.
In order to avoid excessive stress concentration on the surface of the shell structure, the present embodiment also adds toggle plates at each rib position for transition support.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure of a submarine, wherein the non-pressure-resistant shell is an outer shell of a double-shell submarine,
the non-pressure-resistant shell consists of an area A positioned on the left side of the submarine, an area C positioned on the right side of the submarine, an area B positioned at the top of the submarine and an area D positioned at the bottom of the submarine; the zone A, the zone B, the zone C and the zone D are sequentially connected and enclosed to form a complete submarine non-pressure shell;
the area A and the area C are pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structures, and each pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is composed of four layers of panels and pyramid lattices positioned among the panels; the laminated plate comprises an outer panel positioned on the outermost side, an inner panel positioned on the innermost side, and a first interlayer plate and a second interlayer plate which are positioned between the outer panel and the inner panel and are arranged from inside to outside; longitudinal bones and ribs are arranged between adjacent panels; the longitudinal ribs longitudinally extend along the head and the tail of the submarine shell, and the ribs are perpendicular to the longitudinal ribs and are circumferentially arranged; panels are arranged on the longitudinal bones and the ribs to form a closed space; the longitudinal bones and the ribs between the panels of each layer are mutually vertically crossed to support and connect the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure, and the longitudinal bones and the ribs are mutually crossed to form a multi-grid structure;
each grid structure and the upper panel and the lower panel respectively form a cuboid structure; pyramid unit structures are embedded in the cuboid structures, the pyramid unit structures are pyramid shapes formed by four rod elements, and bottom surface fulcrums or vertexes of adjacent pyramid units are connected with one another to form pyramid lattices; four supporting points of the bottom surface of the pyramid unit are respectively superposed with four corners of the grid;
the area B and the area D are of conventional non-pressure shell structures, the area B is connected with an upper building, and the area D is of a bottom structure;
every other four rib positions in the A area and the C area are set as complete shipboard rib plates, and the rest rib positions are set as segmented ribs of a multi-segment supporting plate structure; the complete rib plates are respectively connected with the ribs of the B area and the D area to form annular ribs, the annular ribs are separated by four rib positions, and segmented ribs are uniformly distributed among the annular ribs;
the height of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is less than one third of the height of a load water tank between the pressure-resistant shell and the non-pressure-resistant shell.
2. The submarine non-pressure-resistant hull pyramid lattice sandwich impact-resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein each cuboid structure is filled with air or foam filler.
3. The submarine non-pressure-resistant hull pyramid lattice sandwich impact-resistant structure according to claim 1,
in the pyramid unit structure, the length of each rod element is 100mm, the diameter of each rod element is 15.2mm, the included angle between each rod element and the projection of the rod element on the inner panel is 45 degrees, the bottom surface of the pyramid is square, the side length is 100mm, and the height of the pyramid formed by the rod elements is 70.72 mm.
4. The submarine non-pressure-resistant hull pyramid lattice sandwich impact-resistant structure according to claim 1,
the outer panel of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure is a shell plate of the submarine, and the thickness range of the outer panel is 5mm to 8 mm; the thickness of the inner panel ranges from 5mm to 8mm, and the inner panel becomes thicker as the degree of the inner panel approaching the bottom of the ship increases.
5. The design method of the submarine non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer impact-resistant structure is characterized by comprising the following steps
Step 1, dividing a conventional weak part, specifically comprising the following steps:
according to the characteristics of the section structure of the submarine body, the submarine is divided into an area A on the left side of the submarine, an area C on the right side of the submarine, an area B connected with an upper building and an area D below the submarine bottom, and original non-pressure-resistant shell plates of the area A and the area C are replaced by pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structures;
step 2, designing the grid-shaped structures of the area A and the area C, specifically comprising the following steps:
changing the ribs from T-shaped materials into flat steel on the principle of not weakening the structure of the conventional submarine non-pressure shell, heightening the ribs by a proper amount, adding longitudinal ribs, and setting the longitudinal ribs into the flat steel so as to enable the pyramid lattice structure to be embedded into grids;
step 3, designing the dot matrix sandwich structures of the area A and the area C, specifically comprising the following steps:
designing the heights of the longitudinal bones and the ribs to be equal, so that the longitudinal bones and the ribs of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure are staggered to form grids, and embedding the pyramid lattice structure into the grids; the four layers of panels of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure are respectively a lower panel, a first interlayer plate, a second interlayer plate and an upper panel from inside to outside, and the upper panel is the original non-pressure-resistant shell plate; sequentially installing a lower panel, a pyramid lattice structure, a first interlayer plate, the pyramid lattice structure, a second interlayer plate, the pyramid lattice structure and an upper panel from inside to outside, and installing plates at corresponding positions of longitudinal bones and ribs in the process of installing the panels;
step 4, connecting the areas A and C with the areas B and D, specifically:
enabling the non-pressure-resistant shell to be consistent with a conventional submarine non-pressure-resistant shell in a zone B and a zone D, and enabling the ribs of the zone B and the zone D to correspond to the ribs of the zone A and the zone C, wherein every four ribs are connected with the ribs of the zone A, the zone C, the zone B and the zone D to form annular ribs; and the longitudinal web plates at the extreme edges of the B area and the D area are used as the termination positions of the lattice sandwich structure of the A area and the C area.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising adding a toggle plate at each rib position to provide transitional support.
7. The method for designing the impact-resistant structure of the submarine non-pressure-resistant shell pyramid lattice interlayer according to claim 5, further comprising the step of arranging reinforcing members at the upper longitudinal girders at the two ends of the cabin section, the connecting part of the solid rib plate and the lower panel of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure, the connecting part of the lower panel of the pyramid lattice sandwich shell plate structure and the solid rib plate, and the non-pressure-resistant shell annular rib at the bottom of the submarine respectively.
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